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Elsevier

Libros en Artes y Humanidades

  • The Politics of Federal Reorganization

    Creating the U.S. Department of Education
    • 1 Edición
    • Beryl A. Radin + 1 más
    • Richard A. Brody + 2 más
    • Inglés
    The Politics of Federal Reorganization: Creating the U.S. Department of Education deals with the politics underlying the creation and early implementation of the U.S. Department of Education, with emphasis on the characteristics and dimensions of the stages of the policy process. The literature on reorganization in general, and federal government reorganization in particular, is examined. Comprised of nine chapters, this volume provides a glimpse into the reasons why reorganization efforts are ubiquitous and yet very difficult to implement. A number of themes are discussed: the importance of the stages of the policy process in shaping the nature of political action; the internal tensions within the executive branch; the conflict between the culture of analysis and the culture of politics; the role of interest groups and issue networks in shaping public policy; and the continuing uncertainty about the federal role in education. Jimmy Carter's goals in establishing a new Department of Education are also analyzed, along with the deliberations in Congress and Ronald Reagan's proposals to abolish the department. This monograph will be of interest to political scientists, politicians, policymakers, and government officials.

  • Dialogue for a New Order

    Pergamon Policy Studies on International Development
    • 1 Edición
    • Khadija Haq
    • Inglés
    Dialogue for a New Order is a collection of papers that discusses the issues in the relationship of developed and developing nations. The book covers topics such as monetary reforms, strategies for national development, and international resource transfers. The text details the choices that the South has to make in maintaining its political stability and improving its diplomatic ties. Next, the selection presents articles about reforming the international monetary and trade framework. The next part discusses the long-term problems that plague the international community. The last part of the text details the critical policy options, which can enhance global interdependence and accommodate the legitimate interests of all nations. The book will be of great interest to economists, political scientists, sociologists, and game theorists.

  • The More Developed Realm

    A Geography of Its Population
    • 1 Edición
    • Glenn T. Trewartha
    • Inglés
    The More Developed Realm: A Geography of its Population is concerned with the population geography of the more developed economically advanced countries in the world. This book is organized into five parts encompassing 10 chapters that cover Europe, the Soviet Union, Anglo-America, Japan, and southern hemisphere countries. After a brief overview of the classification of large scale diversity in the more developed realm, this book goes on describing the relationship between population, culture, and environment. The first part deals with the extent of influence of the three components of population change, namely, mortality, birth, and migration, in the demographic change or population patterns in East-Central and Mediterranean Europe. The second part examines the population growth and spatial redistribution over the vast domain of the USSR, as well as its population characteristics, including nationalities, education, occupation, and rural-urban composition. The remaining three parts explore the development of the spatial arrangement of population, areal population distribution, and population and migration patterns in Anglo-American countries, Japan, Australia, and New Zealand. This book is intended for a wide non-professional audience, including college undergraduates and the general reading public.

  • Existing Mechanisms of Arms Control

    • 1 Edición
    • Wayland Young
    • Inglés
    Existing Mechanisms of Arms Control compiles papers about the international control and inspection of weapons. This compilation deals with the analogy, imagination, and experience on arms control or disarmament gained in the operation of existing mechanisms for the international control of warlike materials, principally fissile materials. The topics discussed include Western European Union; United States’ bilateral safeguards system; European Atomic Energy Community; European Nuclear Energy Agency; International Atomic Energy Agency; and conclusion on atoms for peace and atoms for war. This publication is beneficial to students and individuals researching on the international control of weapons.

  • Marriage Counselling in the Community

    The Commonwealth and International Library: Problems and Progress in Human Development
    • 1 Edición
    • W. L. Herbert + 1 más
    • J. H. Kahn
    • Inglés
    Marriage Counselling in the Community is a theoretical and practical introduction to the subject of marriage counseling and aims to help people faced with marital problems using the method of social casework. Aside from discussing relationships in marriage, this book considers the relationship between counselor and client, areas of treatment, and approach to treatment. It also looks at some situations in which a successful outcome in helping the marriage is less likely. This book is comprised of 11 chapters and opens with an overview of the dynamics of relationships within the marriage and how such relationships within the family group affect the children. The following chapters focus on human relationships, especially their origins in the group (normally the family group); their fundamental contribution to the development of the individual, including his ability to mature emotionally; and the effects of such relationships and the understanding of them in the field of marriage counseling. The reader is also introduced to how the marriage counselor's understanding of relationships is put to use in practice. The final chapter deals with some of the principal people and agencies to which and from which wives and husbands with problems tend to be referred. This monograph will be a useful resource for marriage counselors and social caseworkers.

  • Can Governments Learn?

    American Foreign Policy and Central American Revolutions
    • 1 Edición
    • Lloyd S. Etheredģe
    • Richard Brody + 2 más
    • Inglés
    Can Governments Learn? American Foreign Policy and Central American Revolutions examines U.S. foreign policy toward revolutions which use Marxist rhetoric, receive material aid from the Soviet Union, and are directed against a repressive government that has been the beneficiary of substantial material and political assistance from the United States. The case material is drawn from the history of American policy in Latin America; the 1954 overthrow of a leftist government in Guatemala; the evolution of Cuban policy from 1958 to 1962; and the repetition of similar policies in the 1980s. This book is comprised of seven chapters and begins by reviewing the history of America's failed Bay of Pigs invasion in 1961, Operation MONGOOSE, and the Cuban nuclear confrontation crisis of 1962. The successful use of the Bay of Pigs model in 1954 (against a government in Guatemala) is examined, along with the U.S. government's contract with the Mafia to assassinate Premier Fidel Castro at the time of the Bay of Pigs invasion. The following chapters look at three vectors reflecting the blockage of government learning: the adoption of similar policies across historical encounters; the repetition of collectively self-blocking behavior within the national security decision process; and the repetition of a common syndrome of errors in judgment and perception. The final chapter analyzes American foreign policy toward Central America in the 1980s and offers suggestions to improve the foreign policy learning rate. This monograph will be of interest to diplomats, politicians, political scientists, and others concerned with international relations.

  • Statistical Studies of Historical Social Structure

    • 1 Edición
    • Kenneth W. Wachter + 2 más
    • E. A. Hammel
    • Inglés
    Statistical Studies of Historical Social Structure articulates and applies concepts from statistics into historical investigations of pre-industrial English households. The book provides statistical reports on household composition and demographic influences and uses simulation in the study of problems in historical structure. Chapters are devoted to computer simulation experiments; presentation and analysis of English household composition data; correlation of English patriline extinction with social mobility; and how age distribution affects English social structure. Statisticians, historians, demographers, researchers, and students will find the book interesting.

  • Leaders and Managers

    International Perspectives on Managerial Behavior and Leadership
    • 1 Edición
    • James G. Hunt + 2 más
    • Inglés
    Leaders and Managers: International Perspectives on Managerial Behavior and Leadership focuses on research on managerial behavior and leadership, with emphasis on present and future trends as well as the need to identify an interdisciplinary point of view in the study of leadership. Composed of 24 chapters, the book discusses leadership and management, and at times puts little emphasis on the differences of both subjects for they are often used interchangeably. The book takes a look at the position in which functionalism can be used as an approach in studying leadership. The text also presents research methodologies that are deemed helpful in studying managerial behavior. The role of organizational leaders and the problems related with efficiently carrying out order in organizations are highlighted. Different types of research models on leadership are also discussed. The book is valuable to those involved in studying leadership and management, particularly in organizations in which these two entities can be essential factors in their advancement.

  • The New Nationalism

    Implications for Transatlantic Relations
    • 1 Edición
    • Werner Link + 1 más
    • Inglés
    The New Nationalism Implications for Transatlantic Relations is a collection of papers that examines the effects of transatlantic relations, along with the concept of new nationalism. The first chapter of the text provides an introductory discourse about new nationalism, while the second chapter provides a further analysis in the concept of new nationalism. The next chapters deal with new nationalism and how it relates to external policies. The remaining chapter tackles the relationship between new nationalism and sub-national regionalism. The book will be of great interest to economists, political scientists, and diplomats. Individuals who have keen interest in the global diplomatic trend will also benefit from the text.

  • Hazard Control Policy in Britain

    • 1 Edición
    • John C. Chicken
    • Inglés
    Hazard Control Policy in Britain examines the general nature of Britain's hazard control policy and the factors that appeared to influence its formation up to 1973, that is, prior to the implementation of the recommendations of the Robens' Committee on Safety and Health at work. Attention is directed mainly at identifying the apparent roles and goals of the various organizations associated with policy making. Comprised of five chapters, this book begins with an overview of the nature of hazards and their technical causes, as well as the risks to life that they pose. Hazard control policy is then considered and a model of the policy making process is postulated. The role of interest groups in the policy-making process is also analyzed. Case studies that give a clear indication of the general nature of the hazard control policy-making process are presented, covering road transport, air transport, factories, nuclear power reactors, and air contamination. This monograph should be of value to policymakers involved in hazard control.

  • Flashpoint Poland

    Pergamon Policy Studies on the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe
    • 1 Edición
    • George Blazynski
    • Inglés
    Flashpoint Poland details Poland’s situation during the 70s. The title examines how wartime and postwar events have contributed to the formation of the Poland’s attitudes and to the situation during Edward Gierek’s time. The text chronicles the various events during the 70s contemporary Poland, along the various diplomatic, social, and economic concerns. The book will be of great interest to political scientists, sociologists, economists, and historians.

  • Productivity in U.S. Railroads

    Proceedings of a Symposium Held at Princeton University, July 27-28, 1977
    • 1 Edición
    • Arnold D. Kerr + 1 más
    • Inglés
    Productivity in U.S. Railroads documents the proceedings of a symposium held at Princeton University on July 27-28, 1977, concerning the problem areas and rehabilitation of the railroads in U.S. to help improve productivity. This compilation is divided into four parts. The first part tackles the work rules in the railroad industry, including the types and those rules affected by government intervention. This part also discusses productivity, specifically the issues concerning the crews and the labor management. This text goes on explaining the rehabilitation of tracks and its implications for economic productivity. The last two parts discuss the utilization of equipment and the intermodal cooperation and competition. This book will benefit government officials concerned with public railroads, civil engineering students, shippers, and investment community.

  • EEG and Evoked Potentials in Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurology

    • 1 Edición
    • John R. Hughes + 1 más
    • Inglés
    EEG and Evoked Potentials in Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurology discusses the two techniques of examining brain function: electroencephalograp... (EEG) and evoked potentials. The book also addresses conditions that fall under the umbrella term ""behavioral sciences"" and are associated with psychiatry and neurology. The book begins by discussing current definitions of organic brain syndrome in order to delineate more clearly the processes whose EEG correlates are to be described. It then outlines the various EEG correlates of impaired central nervous system (CNS) dysfunction for a variety of specific organic etiologies. Separate chapters cover EEG studies of schizophrenia, affective disorders, alcoholism, mental retardation, childhood psychiatric disorders, and changes in CNS function caused by psychtropic drugs. The various aspects of EEG pertinent to electroconvulsive therapy are also discussed, including the role of a baseline EEG, beneficial and adverse changes, neurophysiologic mechanisms, and the nature of the seizures themselves. This book is intended for the neurologist dealing actively with psychiatric or mental disorders; the electroencephalograp... who is generally concerned with behavioral neurology or especially interested in various controversial EEG patterns; and the psychiatrist interested in organicity in general or EEG in particular.

  • Planning in the Soviet Union

    • 1 Edición
    • Philippe J. Bernard
    • Inglés
    Planning in the Soviet Union compiles the result of M. Bernard’s two-month visit to the USSR in 1961, for the purpose of investigating regional planning on behalf of the French Government Planning Office. This compilation deals with the Soviet planning apparatus, including its organization and administration together with the reforms that have been at work since 1957, furnishing a broad outline of the many economic and social problems forming the essence of Soviet thinking and planning. This book provides a very clear picture of the complexity of problems involved, particularly with the USSR government battling with the concepts of centralization, decentralization, and in industry between a vertical and horizontal structure. The topics that include economic growth, investment, location of industry, transport, manpower, use of available local resources, and migration are discussed only in broad outline of the magnitude of problems in the Soviet economic system. The efficiency of investments, choice of criteria, problem of priorities, productivity in highly integrated units, rationalization, specialization, and cooperation are also deliberated in this selection. This publication is intended for the average informed reader, particularly those who are interested in administering the planning apparatus in the near future.

  • Family Matters

    Perspectives on the Family and Social Policy
    • 1 Edición
    • Alfred White Franklin
    • Inglés
    Family Matters: Perspectives on the Family and Social Policy covers the proceedings of the Symposium on Priority for the Family. The book examines how a family might be strengthened and how any stresses society imposes on the family might be lightened. The text consists of 20 chapters and discusses several issues concerning the family as a social unit, such as environmental factors, socio-economic stress, housing conditions, poverty, unemployment, and the lack of options. The book will be of great interest to readers concerned with the implications of social norms and standards for the family as a social unit.

  • The Urban Informal Sector

    Critical Perspectives on Employment and Housing Policies
    • 1 Edición
    • Ray Bromley
    • Inglés
    The Urban Informal Sector is a collection of papers presented at a multi-disciplinary conference on ""The urban informal sector in the Third World,"" organized by the Developing Areas Study Group of the Institute of British Geographers in London on March 19, 1977. Contributors offer critical perspectives on the urban informal sector, with emphasis on employment and housing policies. Topics covered range from general reviews and national case studies to detailed studies of particular occupations in individual cities. This book is comprised of 12 chapters and begins by reviewing the relevance of dualist models of economic activities and enterprises, as applied to Third World countries, concentrating on the origins, diffusion, and deficiencies of the formal/informal dualist classification. Subsequent chapters explore the informal sector debate in studies of Third World poverty and employment; the nature of informal-formal sector relationships; the structure of the labor markets in the ""organized"" and ""unorganized"" sectors of urban economies in South India; and the problem of urban poverty, its relation to employment, and rising spatial inequalities in Brazil. Capitalist and petty commodity production in Nigeria is also discussed, along with John Turner's views on housing policy. The final chapter looks at the competition between the informal and formal sectors in the retail industry in Santiago, Chile. This monograph will be of interest to social and economic policymakers.

  • Sub-Regional Planning Studies: An Evaluation

    Urban and Regional Planning Series
    • 1 Edición
    • T. M. Cowling + 1 más
    • Inglés
    Urban and Regional Planning Series, Volume 6: Sub-Regional Planning Studies: An Evaluation reviews the sub-regional planning in the East Midlands Region of England. This book discusses the sub-regional planning in Britain; impact of new techniques on the analysis stage; advisory role of sub-regional planning; and linking local and regional/national planning. The distinguishing levels of planning in practice; criteria for establishing a data bank; demonstrating the strategy; and traditional role of analysis are also elaborated. This publication also covers the long-range forecasting; objectives in an integrated plan-making process; land-use/transportat... surveys; and procedure for evaluating sub-regional studies. This volume is a good reference for researchers and specialists concerned with planning and government in the East Midlands.

  • Social Support, Life Events, and Depression

    • 1 Edición
    • Nan Lin + 2 más
    • Inglés
    Social Support, Life Events, and Depression describes a research program that looked into the social process of mental health. This research program provided an arena for opportunities to explore many topics concerning the relationships among social support, life events, and mental health (primarily depressive symptoms). The volume is organized into six parts. Part I sets the background and scope of the study. Part II focuses on the dependent variable (depression), one of the two independent variables (life events], and the key control variable [psychological resources). Part III describes the measurement of social support. Part IV examines the basic models involving social support, life events, psychological resources, and depression. Part V proceeds to examine the reduced basic model in terms of a number of factors, such as age, sex, marital status, social class, and history of prior illness. Part VI discusses several specific issues regarding the dynamics of social support. This book is intended primarily for researchers, scientists, professionals, and instructors who are interested in examining both conceptual and methodological issues regarding social factors in mental health. Thus, those working in the area of public health, social and behavioral sciences, and medical professions may find this book useful. Because of the way the chapters are organized, it is possible for researchers and practitioners alike to select and read chapters pertinent to their specific interests.

  • Casting and Moulding

    Foundry Techniques for Schools
    • 1 Edición
    • John Bolan
    • Inglés
    Casting and Moulding: Foundry Techniques for Schools attempts to present certain aspects of foundry work in a simple and accurate manner, and explore the possibilities it holds for schools. The techniques described range from the very simple and relatively inexpensive to the more difficult and costly, but all have been tried and found to be successful in schools. Each technique is described in its own chapter. These include techniques such as stack molding, snapflask molding, pattern plates, free core casting, and casting into dies. The chapters are long enough to be informative, yet short enough to maintain the interest of the reader. It is hoped that the methods described and the projects used will encourage pupils to design and develop their own castings. This book does not suggest that existing methods of casting in schools are either obsolete or inadequate. Neither is it meant to replace the traditional functions of the class teacher. What it has tried to do is to present alternative methods of producing castings which will supplement techniques now being used successfully in a variety of schools, and to assist and encourage teachers who are thinking of introducing molding as a new aspect of craft work.

  • Forced Labor: Maternity Care in the United States

    Pergamon Studies in Critical Sociology
    • 1 Edición
    • Nancy Stoller Shaw
    • Inglés
    Forced Labor: Maternity Care in the United States provides information pertinent to the fundamental aspects of hospital child birth in the U.S. This book discusses and analyzes the features of maternity care that vary considerably from one hospital or service to another. Organized into six chapters, this book begins with an overview of the basic stages in the care of the pregnant woman, including prenatal care, labor and delivery, and postpartum treatment for mother and child. This text then describes the major characters in the hospital that will usher the patient through her pregnancy, delivery, and recovery. Other chapters consider the structural and institutional sources of unsatisfactory experience of many patients in a prenatal clinic. The final chapter deals with the intensive study of childbirth context. This book is a valuable resource for all women who will face pregnancy. Gynecologists, nurses, and clinicians will also find this book extremely useful.

  • A Decade of Federal Antipoverty Programs

    Achievements, Failures, and Lessons
    • 1 Edición
    • Robert H. Haveman
    • Inglés
    A Decade of Federal Antipoverty Programs: Achievements, Failures, and Lessons presents papers on the war on poverty, dealing with its origins, its education, health, and income maintenance programs, and its community action, legal services, and antidiscrimination policies. The book discusses poverty and social policy in the 1960s and 1970s; the social and political context of the war on poverty; and a decade of policy developments in the income-maintenance system. The text also describes a decade of policy developments in improving education and training for low-income populations; a decade of policy developments in providing health care for low-income families; and the mobilization of low-income communities through community action. 10 Years of legal services for the poor; and a decade of policy-developments in equal opportunities in employment and housing are also considered. Historians and people involved in political sciences will find the book invaluable.

  • Government in France

    An Introduction to the Executive Power
    • 1 Edición
    • Malcolm C. Anderson
    • Nevil Johnson
    • Inglés
    Governments of Western Europe, Government in France: An Introduction to the Executive Power focuses on the affairs of the government of France. The book first offers information on the history of the French government, including the presidency of the Vth republic. The text also expounds on the role and influence of the prime minister in overseeing the affairs of the government. The selection takes a look at the problems associated with the rational division of administrative tasks and duties in the government. The creation of ministries to ensure efficiency in the affairs of the government is underscored. The text also discusses the role of the ministerial cabinet in bridging the executive branch of the government and the administration. Particularly noted is the influence of the ministerial cabinet on how the prime minister can exercise effective control over the administration. The book also offers information on the major social changes that affected the structure and activities of the French administration after World War II. The text is a vital reference for readers interested in the governments of Western Europe, particularly the government of France.

  • Beyond the Battlefield

    The New Military Professionalism
    • 1 Edición
    • Sam C. Sarkesian
    • Inglés
    Beyond the Battlefield: The New Military Professionalism presents the nature and character of military professionalism. This book describes the increasing tendency for the military to view professionalism mainly in terms of military skills. Organized into five parts encompassing 13 chapters, this book begins with an overview of the various concepts and definitions of military professionalism. This text then reexamines military professionalism in the post-Vietnam era with regard to perspectives on value convergence and empathy between military and society. Other chapters consider the changes in the international security environment and the complexity of national security policy. This book discusses as well the demands on the profession as a result of the changed security environment. The final chapter deals with the essential factors that establish the military mindset and world view, as well as determine the quality of civil–military relations. This book is a valuable resource for military professionals and sociologists.

  • The One Culture

    • 1 Edición
    • William H. Davenport
    • Thomas F. Irvine + 2 más
    • Inglés
    The One Culture focuses on the state of the American culture in the so-called Age of Technology. This book is composed of four chapters that consider the influence of humanities and social sciences in engineering education. The opening chapter focuses on the famous two cultures’ assertion that art and science do not mix. This chapter deals with the problems of definition, semantics, image, and attitude in this assertion. The succeeding chapter examines the typical contemporary “confrontation” between art, literature, and technology. A chapter describes the connecting link between the fields of humanities, social sciences, and engineering. The final chapter looks into the prospect of order, design, and unity as a counter-argument to a negative, self-destroying dualism. This book will prove useful to humanists, engineers, social scientists, and students who are interested in human culture.

  • Nonconscious Social Information Processing

    • 1 Edición
    • Pawel Lewicki
    • Inglés
    Nonconscious Social Information Processing presents a research program concerned with the processing of social information. It cannot be considered a typical social psychological research program, however, because it is not aimed at explaining any specific social psychological phenomena, nor are the cognitive processes studied specific to the processing of social information. The program explores complex or ""high level"" processing of information that is not mediated by conscious awareness, and social cognition seems to be an appropriate area in which to investigate this kind of processing. The research program began with observations which suggest that nonconscious acquisition and processing of information play a major role in human development and adjustment. The first two chapters discuss these observations and present preliminary theoretical assumptions. The subsequent chapters contain reports of 34 experiments on nonconscious information processing. The book is addressed not only to personality and social psychologists, but also to cognitive psychologists concerned with information processing in general. The former may find this research relevant because most of the experiments describe some mechanisms of acquisition and utilization of social information—problems they are working on themselves. The latter may want to ignore the specific stimulus material (i.e., social information) employed in most of the experiments and focus on the general nature of the cognitive mechanisms studied.

  • The Global Challenge of Innovation

    • 1 Edición
    • Basil Blackwell + 1 más
    • Inglés
    The Global Challenge of Innovation discusses the importance of a global economy and its implications. The book is comprised of 11 chapters that tackle the various issues faced by both industries and governments in the globalization of economy. The text first describes the process of innovation and its implication for companies that plan to compete in the global market. The next chapters cover the management issues of companies in the context of global economy. The book also discusses the role of government in global innovation and the European’s policy for innovation. The remaining chapters tackle the effects of the non-globalization of competition policies, taxation, and trade policies on governments, multinational companies, and world economy. The book will be of great use to economists, government officials, and C-level employees of multinational corporations.

  • Human Reliability

    With Human Factors
    • 1 Edición
    • Balbir S. Dhillon
    • Inglés
    Human Reliability: With Human Factors focuses on human reliability during system design. The book is organized into 13 chapters, wherein Chapter 1 presents histories of human factors and human reliability along with selective terms and definitions. Chapter 2 shows basic reliability mathematics and concepts. Subsequent chapters then elaborate on human reliability, human errors, six human reliability analysis methods, and reliability evaluation of systems with human errors. Other chapters elucidate human factors in maintenance and maintainability; human safety; human reliability data; and human factors in quality control, design, mathematical models, and formulas. Applications of human factors engineering are also addressed. The text will be valuable to human factor engineers and specialists, reliability and maintainability specialists, system and design engineers, industrial engineers, quality control engineers, and students.

  • Rural Change and Public Policy

    Eastern Europe, Latin America and Australia
    • 1 Edición
    • William P. Avery + 2 más
    • Inglés
    Rural Change and Public Policy: Eastern Europe, Latin America and Australia examines rural change and related public policies in three contrasting areas of the world to identify common problems and gain insight and understanding of the change process. This book is organized into five parts encompassing 15 chapters. Part I provides a conceptual background useful in examining rural development issues in an international perspective, focusing on economic development, usually the central question in public policy deliberations on rural areas. This part also emphasizes the interdependence between rural and urban areas as well as the importance of rural-urban regional inequity considerations. Part II deals with the critical role of government in influencing and directing rural change, while Part III surveys some of the changing attitudes and attitudinal responses of rural residents experiencing social, political, educational, and/or economic change. Part IV considers the broad issue of rural workers and employment opportunities, a critical issue in rural societies. Part V looks into the problems of land utilization and land tenure.

  • Transportation Planning, Policy and Analysis

    Urban and Regional Planning Series
    • 1 Edición
    • D. N. M. Starkie
    • Inglés
    Urban and Regional Planning Series, Volume 13: Transportation Planning, Policy and Analysis is a review of selected policies affecting the administration, urban transportation, and proposals regarding transport improvements. The book discusses the inter-relationship of transport policy and analysis of transportation planning. The text outlines the development of transportation planning considering the constraints placed upon studies made in the transportation system. The author describes the planning process as evolving, with the nature of the problem changing along with the passing of time. The author reviews the administrative framework and the polices affecting urban traffic and public transports. He evaluates the policy-decision mechanisms influenced by ""maximization subject to constraint."" The author then presents some mathematical simulation models of transport, and then emphasizes that actual testing and experimentation of a model are needed to overcome any cardinal weaknesses. The book also cites the SELNEC and Tyneside studies where their major component is on road expenditure, which studies regarded as not very cost-effective. The author then cites legislations and development proposals that transportation plans should be integrated with land use planning and traffic systems. The author also discusses why developments in transport planning analysis is a political decision. City administrators, officials of traffic and engineering departments and bureaus, civil engineers, and urban developers will find this book of interest.

  • Regional Model Life Tables and Stable Populations

    Studies in Population
    • 2 Edición
    • Ansley J. Coale + 2 más
    • Inglés
    Regional Model Life Tables and Stable Populations, Second Edition maintains the tradition of research on the analysis of fertility and mortality as related to population growth and composition. The tables presented are two principal forms: model life tables and model stable populations. The included models are models of mortality and age composition; "west" model life tables and stable populations; "north" model life tables and stable populations; "east" model life tables and stable populations; and "south" model life tables and stable populations. People involved in the study of population growth and composition will find the book useful.

  • Progress in Behavior Modification

    Volume 20
    • 1 Edición
    • Michel Hersen + 2 más
    • Inglés
    Progress in Behavior Modification, Volume 20 covers the developments in the study of behavior modification. The book discusses the guidelines for the use of contingent electric shock to treat aberrant behavior; the motor activity measurements and DSM-IIII; and the innovations in behavioral medicine. The text also describes the behavioral interventions as adjunctive treatments for chronic asthma; health behavior change at the worksite, with regard to cardiovascular risk reduction; and the role of behavioral change procedures in multifactorial coronary heart disease prevention programs. Psychologists, psychiatrists, and people involved in the study of behavior modification will find the book invaluable.

  • Comparative Regional Systems

    West and East Europe, North America, the Middle East, and Developing Countries
    • 1 Edición
    • Werner J. Feld + 1 más
    • Inglés
    Comparative Regional Systems: West and East Europe, North America, The Middle East, and Developing Countries examines the diplomatic relationship between countries that are in the same region. The title analyzes the issues that cause cooperative and aggressive behavior in a region. The text presents the comparative study of international regions, and then proceeds to discussing social-psychological factors in regional politic and the regional patterns of economic cooperation. Next, the selection studies a specific international region, such as Europe, North America, Asia, Africa, and Latin America. The text also deals with political change in regional systems; the patterns of transregional relations; and regional organization and the global system. The book will be of great interest to economists, political scientists, sociologists, and behavioral scientists.

  • Housing

    The Impact of Economy and Technology
    • 1 Edición
    • Oktay Ural + 1 más
    • Inglés
    Housing: The Impact of Economy and Technology contains the proceedings of the International Congress on Housing: The Impact of Economy and Technology, held in Vienna, Austria on November 15-18, 1981. This book includes many outstanding manuscripts prepared by competent, dedicated individuals. This text covers a wide range of problems associated with housing technology and economy. Some papers detail forming systems for mass housing production; housing option for the elderly; energy aspects of housing design in developing countries; the psychological and physiological ecology of indoor environments; and solar heating and Earth insulation for economical houses. Other papers explore training programs for low-cost housing; influence of color in housing; volatile substances of some materials from housing equipment; the impact of changing society and the economy on the housing industry; comparative housing; energy saving and management in buildings; and industrialization of buildings in developing countries.

  • Networks of Collective Action

    A Perspective on Community Influence Systems
    • 1 Edición
    • Edward O. Laumann + 1 más
    • Peter H. Rossi
    • Inglés
    Networks of Collective Action: A Perspective on Community Influence Systems develops a theoretically informed research framework for the structural analysis of social systems. To this end, special attention is given to two fundamental issues in structural analysis: First, how does one most usefully define or identify the elementary units, be they individuals, corporate actors, or population subgroups, that comprise a given social system, and in what ways should these elementary units be characterized or differentiated from one another? And, second, what are the relational modalities by which these actors are linked to one another in ways that are relevant to understanding how their individual preferences and behavior are coordinated or integrated with one another for purposes of collective action (i.e., to achieve collective goals)? The book is organized into three main parts. Part I describes the research site and its environmental context, and then makes a structural analysis of the internal social and value differentiation of the population subsystem. Part II focuses on the elite subsystem and on its role in resolving specific community controversies. Part III turns to a topic often neglected in studying democratically legitimized influence systems: the systematic theoretical and empirical characterization of the relationships between the elite and the population subsystems in the community.

  • To Be Or Not To Be

    A Question of Survival
    • 1 Edición
    • Duncan Williams
    • Inglés
    To be or Not to be: A Question of Survival examines the problems that plague humankind as a whole. The book points out major problems in society and provides plausible explanation, along with the possible remedies to the predicaments. The opening chapter of the text presents the statistical and technical evidence of the problems that affect humanity, while the subsequent chapters cover the analysis of these problems. The topics covered in the book include progress, information, culture, lifestyle, and education. The text will be of great interest to readers who want to understand the predicaments that afflict modern human from a philosophical perspective.

  • Palestinian Resistance

    Organization of a Nationalist Movement
    • 1 Edición
    • John W. Amos
    • Inglés
    Palestinian Resistance: Organization of a Nationalist Movement presents the Palestinian conflict as a consequence of the emergence of Arab and Jewish nationalism in the 19th century. This book discusses the variables that intersect to produce Resistance politics. Organized into 11 chapters, this book begins with an overview of the increasing threat to international stability of Middle Eastern conflicts in terms of global impact and military destructiveness. This text then examines the emergence of Palestinian nationalism that is connected with the appearance and growth of the Palestinian Resistance Movement. Other chapters consider the more complex relationships that developed over time between the various guerilla groups and established Arab governments. This book discusses as well the importance of the ANM in providing an infrastructure of political and logistic support that extend throughout the Arab world. The final chapter deals with the concept of protracted social conflict. This book is a valuable resource for politicians, teachers, and students.

  • Eliminating the Unconscious

    A Behaviourist View of Psycho-Analysis
    • 1 Edición
    • T. R. Miles
    • G. P. Meredith
    • Inglés
    Eliminating the Unconscious, A Behaviourist View of Psycho-analysis describes the concepts of psycho-analysis in terms of an appropriate understanding in defining psycho-analytic findings. This book attempts to bridge the gap separating psycho-analysis from other areas of psychology because of the presence of conflicting views of psycho-analysis and psychology. The scope is to present that, in principle, the psycho-analytic situation also allows for rational study, with the aim of reformulating some traditional psycho-analytic beliefs into behaviorist concepts. The author then proceeds to compare psycho-analysis and the scientific method, and then evaluates mental and physical illness in new terms. The author also negates the existence of the ""unconscious,"" but as something called ""facon de parler,"" which would make the study of psycho-analysis manageable. The book goes on to describe unconscious mental processes, the ego, super-ego, and id. The text discusses that unconscious mental processes, such as repression, regression, projection, identification, scapegoating, and overcompensation, are really about behavior. The author also takes to task the behaviorist account of psycho-analytic hypothesis of unconscious symbolism, asserting that if such accounts are assumed as true, it can lead to commitments of ""differential predictions."" The author concludes that in discussing psycho-analysis, talk of traditional philosophical dualism and the like should be avoided. Psychiatrists, psycho-analysts, psychologists, behavioral scientists, and students of psychology and its related branches will find this book unique.

  • Liberty and Politics

    Studies in Social Theory
    • 1 Edición
    • Owen Harries
    • Inglés
    Liberty and Politics: Studies in Social Theory is a collection of papers that describes the conservative stance in dealing and preserving liberal and democratic values and institutions. The book deals with education, political, and social theory and presents the philosophy of Harry Eddy who was a realist, pluralist, and libertarian. One paper defines the nature of tradition as a series of acts of which the enactments of a tradition involve certain regularities of conduct. Other papers then discuss ethics as the theory of history and as an ethic of responsibility different from moral cynicism and moral futurism. One paper confronts the points of teaching sex education so as to correct sexual myths, to help pupils make appropriate decisions regarding sexuality, and to prepare them for love and responsibility. Another paper then discusses socialism, liberty, and the law where the author acknowledges the need for deeper thoughts over ideology and for acceptance of complexity over ""black and white"" thinking. The book then presents one author's reflection of The Gulag Archipelago that it offers something new and different from those of Nazism and Stalinism. The text will prove a stimulating reading for political scientists, historians, students and academicians in education and humanities, and for the general readers who like social history and political ideas.

  • Renewable Resource Utilization for Development

    Pergamon Policy Studies on International Development
    • 1 Edición
    • Robert P. Morgan + 1 más
    • Inglés
    Renewable Resource Utilization for Development is a six-chapter text that covers the United States initiatives in field of appropriate, light-capital technology for renewable resource utilization. These initiatives include steps, policies, and programs that the U.S. government might take, adopt, or support to aid developing countries in utilizing appropriate technology for renewable resources for the benefit of the poor majority. The first two chapters describe the technology, advances, design, and utilization of wind energy and biomass. The next chapter focuses on two applications of direct solar energy, namely, solar drying of crops and timber. Another chapter highlights the optimum processing and use of rice bran, which is an important postharvest and rural development problem for rice-growing developing countries. The final two chapters discuss the utilization of material and products based on agricultural wastes and natural fibers. These chapters also deal with the organizations and mechanisms for implementing the initiatives and with possible next steps to the U.S. initiatives. This book is of value to economists and environmental pollution control researchers.

  • Stellar Formation

    International Series in Natural Philosophy, Volume 97
    • 1 Edición
    • V C Reddish
    • Inglés
    Stellar Formation brings together knowledge about the formation of stars. In seeking to determine the conditions necessary for star formation, this book examines questions such as how, where, and why stars form, and at what rate and with what properties. This text also considers whether the formation of a star is an accident or an integral part of the physical properties of matter. This book consists of 13 chapters divided into two sections and begins with an overview of theories that explain star formation as well as the state of knowledge of star formation in comparison to stellar structure and evolution. The places in which stars are forming are then analyzed by focusing on the distributions of very young stars, globules, and cloud fragments. The relationship between the distributions of stars and interstellar clouds is also considered. The chapters that follow explore the frequency distribution of stellar masses as well as the masses of aggregates of stars and interstellar clouds. The reader is also introduced to the rate and environment of star formation; the cloud-like structure of the interstellar gas; the ordering of interstellar clouds into spiral arms; and the conditions under which a cloud will contract until it is set inevitably on the route to becoming a star. The remaining chapters examine the fragmentation of clouds into protostars and the evolution of galaxies. This text will be of interest to students and practitioners of astronomy.

  • Smoking

    A Behavioral Analysis
    • 1 Edición
    • Bernard Mausner + 1 más
    • Arnold P. Goldstein + 1 más
    • Inglés
    Smoking: A Behavioral Analysis is written by two experimental social psychologists. It focuses on the psychological aspect of smoking and the effects that role-playing has on it. Comprised of two parts, the first part deals with the reasons that people begin and continue smoking, the environmental and intra-individual support for smoking, the relationship of these supports, and the values and expectations concerning the effects of smoking. The second part details an experiment that uses role-playing to induce a change in smoking. It includes the background, design, procedure, and the implications of the experiment in the research and control of smoking. The book is a valuable reference for psychologists, medical doctors, experts, and lay people interested in smoking, smoking cessation, and the relationship of behavior to this habit.

  • Development Begins at Home

    Problems and Prospects of the Sociology of Development
    • 1 Edición
    • C. A. O. Van Nieuwenhuijze
    • Inglés
    Development Begins at Home: Problems and Prospects of the Sociology of Development examines the challenges posed by development to the field of sociology. The book first reviews colonialism and the emergent One World in terms of the history of ideas; discusses attitudes towards development; and examines the definitions of development. These are followed by separate chapters on the contributions of sociology to development studies. The considerable wealth of sociology in dealing with change and, to a lesser extent, with development is identified. Subsequent chapters examine points of departure for current and prospective work in the sociology of development. One is the profile of underdevelopment, sociologically understood, along with the matching configuration of development goals. Another is the true meaning of social development, as opposed to economic development. The main finding is that development may well cause the general outlook of sociology to change. The prospect is for a sociology of human dignity in the social nexus.

  • Why ABM

    Policy Issues in the Missile Defense Controversy
    • 1 Edición
    • Johan J. Holst + 1 más
    • Inglés
    Why ABM?: Policy Issues in the Missile Defense Controversy focuses on the problems of invention and deployment of defenses against anti-ballistic missiles (ABM). The book first discusses early, present, and future missile defense systems, including the efficiency of missile defense and the use of missiles in penetration aids and tactics. The deployment of ballistic missile defense (BMD) is explained. The text takes a look at the missile defense systems of the Soviet Union and their participation in the arms race. The reactions of the Soviet Union on the use of BMD and positions of Soviets and Americans on arms race issues are underscored. The selection reviews the implications of missile defense on Europe. Concerns include arms control and the prospects of European settlement; impact on the future of NATO; and attitude toward China. The possible effects of ABM on non-proliferation are also discussed. The text also takes a look at strategic arms control and stability. This topic includes effects on diplomatic relationships and debates on the use and deployment of missiles in defense strategies. The book is a vital source of reference for readers interested in international security, particularly the use of missiles in defense systems.

  • Experimental Social Programs and Analytic Methods

    An Evaluation of the U.S. Income Maintenance Projects
    • 1 Edición
    • Alexander Basilevsky + 1 más
    • Peter H. Rossi
    • Inglés
    Experimental Social Programs and Analytic Methods: An Evaluation of the U.S. Income Maintenance Projects examines the statistical and econometric research on work disincentive effects reported by a series of social experiments that explore the economic and social consequences of a guaranteed income program. This book provides a comparative description of the several experimental designs and labor supply results, including a general discussion of methodological issues common to the social experiments. The Conlisk-Watts model for sample assignment and labor supply findings from both an econometric and statistical perspective are also elaborated. This text likewise presents an updated survey of the work response findings from the American negative income tax experiments. This publication is intended for professionals and students in econometrics, labor economics, statistics, and quantitative research, but is also valuable to policy analysts and others concerned with social welfare reform and public administration.

  • In Response to Aggression

    Methods of Control and Prosocial Alternatives
    • 1 Edición
    • Arnold P. Goldstein + 2 más
    • Inglés
    In Response to Aggression: Methods of Control and Prosocial Alternatives describes and evaluates comprehensively what has been done in response to aggression, with emphasis on aggression controls and alternatives. The book is organized into four major parts. These parts deal with aggression controls and alternatives specific for individual, small group, community, and societal levels of intervention. The book will lead to enhanced utilization of methods for aggression controls and alternatives, and hence to widespread prosocial and constructive behaviors in response to aggression

  • Dimensions of Behavior

    The Psychiatric Foundations of Medicine
    • 1 Edición
    • Leon Wurmser + 1 más
    • Inglés
    Dimensions of Behavior: The Psychiatric Foundations of Medicine provides the general background of the field and lays the foundations of the origins of behavior. It is a modern textbook of psychiatry written specifically for medical students and physicians. In its comprehensive scope, it contains the contributions of all the disciplines that are relevant to the behavioral, psychological, social, and humanistic aspects of medicine, as well as the contributions of clinical psychiatry that constitute an integral part of the healing art and science of medicine. The book is organized into six parts. Parts I and II are introductory and present the historical development of psychological thinking in medicine and the evolving status of psychiatry in the contemporary scene, with an emphasis on the need for a new medical model. They further attempt to sketch a general conceptualization of human behavior that transcends the disciplinary boundaries of biological and psychosocial sciences, through an introduction into the philosophical and epistemological approaches to studying man and his behavior. Part III introduces basic concepts related to an evolutionary understanding of human behavior, together with contributing extrapolations from ethological and laboratory animal studies. Parts IV through VI present the developmental dimension of behavior. Human development is discussed from the point of view of its biological foundations and genetic determinants, from the point of view of the various psychological theories of personality development, and in terms of the developmental stages of man. This longitudinal perspective of behavior provides the fundamental considerations for understanding the uniqueness of the individual.

  • Progress in Behavior Modification

    Volume 15
    • 1 Edición
    • Michel Hersen + 2 más
    • Inglés
    Progress in Behavior Modification, Volume 7 covers the developments in the study of behavioral modification. The book discusses the behavioral intervention with child abuse and neglect; the effects of depression in the mentally retarded; and the critical issues in the assessment of headache. The text also describes social skills training; behavior modification in social work practice; and the outcomes and elements of behavioral contracting. The status of cognitive variables in assertiveness training is also considered. Psychologists and psychiatrists will find the book invaluable.

  • Social Demography

    • 1 Edición
    • Karl E. Taeuber + 2 más
    • Inglés
    Social Demography focuses on selected topics on social science research on population. The papers included in the book are compiled from a conference sponsored by the Center for Population Research, held at the University of Wisconsin-Madison in June 1975. The book compiles various findings in social and behavioral research. Chapters explore topics on trend analysis; the sociological meaning of age, and the social-psychological processes of reproductive behavior; analysis of certain aspects of the spatial organization of metropolitan activities; the changing racial stratification; and the future of research in social demography. Demographers, sociologists, and political and economic policy makers will find the book as a good source of insights.

  • A Study of Growth and Decline

    Urban Europe
    • 1 Edición
    • Leo van den Berg + 2 más
    • Inglés
    Urban Europe: A Study of Growth and Decline, Volume 1 contains the result of the first stage of the CURB project. The general aim of the CURB project is to study the financing of urban systems and to evaluate the costs associated with urban change. Organized into three parts, this book contains the initial conceptual framework that incorporates some elements of a behavioral theory of the spatial welfare-functions of key actors in the urban transformation process, viz. households, employers and governments. Part I details the elements of a theory of urban development. Part II describes the empirical analysis of urban development trends. The last part contains the elements of a theory on urban policy and an evaluation of national urban policies in Europe.

  • Occupational Prestige in Comparative Perspective

    • 1 Edición
    • Donald J. Treiman
    • Peter H. Rossi
    • Inglés
    Occupational Prestige in Comparative Perspective provides information pertinent to the study of the nature of inequality in human society. This book discusses that stratification is inevitable in complex societies as they are characterized by a highly developed division of labor into distinct occupational roles. Organized into five parts encompassing 10 chapters, this book begins with an overview of the nature of occupational prestige systems that is rooted in power relations. This text then examines the extent of intrasocial variation in occupational prestige evaluations. Other chapters consider the contrast between the consensus that characterizes occupational prestige evaluations and the lack of consensus that characterizes the evaluation of other social categories. This book discusses as well the basic pattern of occupational evaluations and the worldwide uniformity in occupational evaluations. The final chapter deals with the development of the occupational scale and discusses it potential uses. This book is a valuable resource for sociologists.

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