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Elsevier

Libros en Psicología

  • Individual Differences and Personality

    • 1 Edición
    • Michael C. Ashton
    • Inglés
    Designed for upper level undergraduate and graduate level students inquiring about the psychology of personality and individual differences, this textbook focuses on the personality traits and related characteristics that make each person unique. Basic principles of personality measurement are explained and crucial scientific questions of personality psychology are examined via a reader-friendly style and various boxes of interesting asides to keep students’ attention.Unlike lower-level texts written from a historical perspective that concentrate solely on theory, this textbook summarizes and integrates the contemporary research available about individual differences.

  • Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: Subtypes and Spectrum Conditions

    • 1 Edición
    • Jonathan S Abramowitz + 2 más
    • Inglés
    Researchers and clinicians working with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorders (OCD) and related disorders who need the most current information available will find this volume of great use. Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: Subtypes and Spectrum Conditions covers contemporary theory, research, and treatment of the various subtypes of OCD and problems often referred to as OCD spectrum disorders. As the mental health field considers the next iteration of the DSM, an entire research agenda is being planned to elucidate issues such as how best to understand and classify OCD. The questions of subtypes and spectrum disorders are at the heart of this issue and will guide how OCD is conceptualized in DSM-V. This volume, dedicated to such diagnostic, theoretical, and treatment issues, helps informs the field of the most up-to-date knowledge and what remains to be resolved.

  • Advances in Child Development and Behavior

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 35
    • Robert V. Kail
    • Inglés
    Volume 35 of the Advances in Child Development and Behavior series is divided into nine components that highlight some of the most recent research in developmental and educational psychology. A wide array of topics are discussed in detail, including Cognitive Mechanisms, Episodic and Autobiographical Memory, Emotional Security Theory, Working memory and much more. Each component provides in depth discussions of various developmental psychology specializations. This volume serves as an invaluable resource for psychology researchers and advanced psychology students.

  • Normal and Abnormal Fear and Anxiety in Children and Adolescents

    • 1 Edición
    • Peter Muris
    • Inglés
    Written at a post-graduate level, this new volume provides a cumulative overview of the research available on the pathogenesis of fear and anxiety in youths. Its aim is to give the reader an idea of the factors that are thought to be involved in the development of abnormal fear and anxiety in children and adolescents, and to integrate this knowledge in a comprehensive model. Normal and Abnormal Fear and Anxiety in Children and Adolescents also gives an update of the current scientific status on the psychological and pharmacological treatment and assessment of anxiety disorders in youths.

  • Functional and Dysfunctional Sexual Behavior

    A Synthesis of Neuroscience and Comparative Psychology
    • 1 Edición
    • Anders Ågmo
    • Inglés
    Functional and Dysfunctional Sexual Behavior explores the full consequences of the dissociation between sexual behaviors and reproduction. Among the themes covered is the difference between the stereotyped sexual behaviors in non-human mammals and the astounding variety of human sexual behaviors. The role of learning in shaping sexual behaviors is explained, and it is shown how particular sexual experiences may be at the origin of common human sexual dysfunctions. Chapters on sexual incentives and a summary of the endocrine and central nervous control of sexual behaviors are included.

  • Cognition, Brain, and Consciousness

    Introduction to Cognitive Neuroscience
    • 1 Edición
    • Bernard J. Baars + 1 más
    • Bernard J. Baars + 1 más
    • Inglés
    A textbook for psychology, neuroscience, pre-medical students, and everybody interested in the neuroscience of cognition. A wave of new research is transforming our understanding of the human mind and brain. Many educational fields now require a basic understanding of the new topic of cognitive neuroscience. However, available textbooks are written more for biology audiences than for psychology and related majors. This text aims to bridge that gap. A background in biology of neuroscience is not required. The thematic approach builds on widely understood concepts in psychology, such as working memory, selective attention, and social cognition. Edited by two leading experts in the field, the book guides the reader along a clear path to understand the latest findings. FEATURES: Written specifically for psychology, pre-medical, education and neuroscience undergraduate and graduate students The thematic approach builds on on accepted concepts, not presuming a background in neuroscience or biology Includes two Appendices on brain imaging and neural networks written by Thomas Ramsoy and Igor Aleksander Introduces the brain in a step-by-step, readable style, with gradually increasing sophistication Richly illustrated in full color with clear and detailed drawings that build the brain from top to bottome, simplifying the layout of the brain for students Pedagogy includes exercises and study questions at the end of each chapter

  • Memory Evolutive Systems; Hierarchy, Emergence, Cognition

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 4
    • A C Ehresmann + 1 más
    • Inglés
    Memory Evolutive Systems; Hierarchy, Emergence, Cognition provides comprehensive and comprehensible coverage of Memory Evolutive Systems (MEM). Written by the developers of the MEM, the book proposes a mathematical model for autonomous evolutionary systems based on the Category Theory of mathematics. It describes a framework to study and possibly simulate the structure of living systems and their dynamic behavior. This book contributes to understanding the multidisciplinary interfaces between mathematics, cognition, consciousness, biology and the study of complexity. It is organized into three parts. Part A deals with hierarchy and emergence and covers such topics as net of interactions and categories; the binding problem; and complexifications and emergence. Part B is about MEM while Part C discusses MEM applications to cognition and consciousness. The book explores the characteristics of a complex evolutionary system, its differences from inanimate physical systems, and its functioning and evolution in time, from its birth to its death. This book is an ideal reference for researchers, teachers and students in pure mathematics, computer science, cognitive science, study of complexity and systems theory, Category Theory, biological systems theory, and consciousness theory. It would also be of interest to both individuals and institutional libraries.

  • Translation of Addictions Science Into Practice

    • 1 Edición
    • Peter M. Miller + 1 más
    • Inglés
    Recent advances in the understanding of the genetic, neurochemical, behavioral and cultural underpinnings of addiction have led to rapid advances in the understanding of addiction as a disease. In fact, advances in basic science and the development of new pharmacological and behavioral therapies associated with them are appearing faster than can be assimilated not only by clinical researchers but practitioners and policy makers as well. Translation of science-based addictions knowledge into improved prevention, assessment and treatment, and communication of these changes to researchers and practitioners are significant challenges to the field. The general aim of Translation of Addictions Science Into Practice is to summarize current and potential linkages between advances in addiction science and innovations in clinical practice. Whilst this book is primarily focused on translation, it also encompasses some scientific advances that are relevant to dissemination, and the book is itself a tool for disseminating innovative thinking. The goal is to generate interest in application opportunities from both recent research and theoretical advances.

  • Neurobiology of Learning and Memory

    • 2 Edición
    • Raymond P. Kesner + 1 más
    • Inglés
    The first edition of Neurobiology of Learning and Memory was published in 1998 to rave reviews. As before, this second edition will discuss anatomy, development, systems, and models though the organization and content is substantially changed reflecting advances in the field. Including information from both animal and human studies, this book represents an up-to-date review of the most important concepts associated with the basic mechanism that support learning and memory, theoretical developments, use of computational models, and application to real world problems. The emphasis of each chapter will be the presentation of cutting-edge research on the topic, the development of a theoretical perspective, and providing an outline that will aid a student in understanding the most important concepts presented in the chapter.

  • Advances in Experimental Social Psychology

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 39
    • Mark P. Zanna
    • Inglés
    Advances in Experimental Social Psychology continues to be one of the most sought after and most often cited series in this field. Containing contributions of major empirical and theoretical interest, this series represents the best and the brightest in new research, theory, and practice in social psychology. This serial is part of the Social Sciences package on Science Direct. Visit www.info.sciencedire... for more information.Advances Experimental Social Psychology is available online on ScienceDirect — full-text online of volumes 32 onwards. Elsevier book series on ScienceDirect gives multiple users throughout an institution simultaneous online access to an important compliment to primary research. Digital delivery ensures users reliable, 24-hour access to the latest peer-reviewed content. The Elsevier book series are compiled and written by the most highly regarded authors in their fields and are selected from across the globe using Elsevier’s extensive researcher network. For more information about the Elsevier Book Series on ScienceDirect Program, please visit:http://www.inf...

  • Eye Movements

    A Window on Mind and Brain
    • 1 Edición
    • Roger PG van Gompel
    • Inglés
    Eye-movement recording has become the method of choice in a wide variety of disciplines investigating how the mind and brain work. This volume brings together recent, high-quality eye-movement research from many different disciplines and, in doing so, presents a comprehensive overview of the state-of-the-art in eye-movement research. Sections include the history of eye-movement research, physiological and clinical studies of eye movements, transsaccadic integration, computational modelling of eye movements, reading, spoken language processing, attention and scene perception, and eye-movements in natural environments.

  • Therapist's Guide to Evidence-Based Relapse Prevention

    • 1 Edición
    • Katie A. Witkiewitz + 1 más
    • Inglés
    Describes the evidence-based approaches to preventing relapse of major mental and substance-related disorders. Therapist's Guide to Evidence-based Relapse Prevention combines the theoretical rationale, empirical data, and the practical "how-to" for intervention programs. The first section will serve to describe the cognitive-behavioral model of relapse and provide a general introduction to relapse prevention techniques. While Section II will focus on specific problem areas, Section III will focus on diverse populations and treatment settings.

  • Emotion in Education

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen .
    • Inglés
    This edited book examines some of the current inquiry related to the study of emotions in educational contexts. There has been a notable increased interest in educational research on emotions. Emotion in Education represents some of the most exciting and current research on emotions and education, and has the potential to impact research in this area. This combination of variety, timeliness, potential for transformation of the field, and uniqueness make this a "must-have" resource for academics in the fields of education, educational psychology, emotion psychology, cultural psychology, sociology, and teacher education. The chapters have been written for scholars in the area, but authors also wrote with graduate students in mind. Therefore, the book is also be a great volume for graduate seminars.

  • Consciousness and Cognition

    Fragments of Mind and Brain
    • 1 Edición
    • Henri Cohen + 1 más
    • Inglés
    What were the circumstances that led to the development of our cognitive abilities from a primitive hominid to an essentially modern human? The answer to this question is of profound importance to understanding our present nature. Since the steep path of our cognitive development is the attribute that most distinguishes humans from other mammals, this is also a quest to determine human origins. This collection of outstanding scientific problems and the revelation of the many ways they can be addressed indicates the scope of the field to be explored and reveals some avenues along which research is advancing. Distinguished scientists and researchers who have advanced the discussion of the mind and brain contribute state-of-the-art presentations of their field of expertise. Chapters offer speculative and provocative views on topics such as body, culture, evolution, feelings, genetics, history, humor, knowledge, language, machines, neuroanatomy, pathology, and perception. This book will appeal to researchers and students in cognitive neuroscience, experimental psychology, cognitive science, and philosophy.

  • Functional Analysis in Clinical Treatment

    • 1 Edición
    • Peter Sturmey
    • Inglés
    With the ongoing pressures for psychologists to practice evidence-based care, and the requirement insurance carriers have both for treatment goals, measurement of outcomes, and a focus on brief therapy, functional analysis provides a framework for achieving all of the above. Having proven itself in treating behavioral problems in education, functional analysis is now being applied more broadly to behavioral and psychologial disorders. In his 1996 book (Functional Analysis in Clinical Psychology, Wiley UK), Sturmey applied the functional behavioral approach to case formulation across a wide range of psychological disorders and behaviors. Since the publication of his book, no other volume has taken an explicit behavioral approach to case formulation. The changes that have occurred over the last 10 years in behavioral case formulation have been significant and substantial. They include (a) a large expansion of the range of problems addressed, such as ADHD, (b) a range of new verbal behavior therapies such as Acceptance and Commitment Therapies, (c) increased area of activity in the area of autism spectrum disorders; (d) many publications in how to train professionals, staff and parents in behavioral technology, and (e) new assessment instruments and procedures.

  • Stress and Addiction

    Biological and Psychological Mechanisms
    • 1 Edición
    • Mustafa al'Absi
    • Inglés
    Stress is one of the most commonly reported precipitants of drug use and is considered the number one cause of relapse to drug abuse. For the past several decades, there have been a number of significant advances in research focusing on the neurobiological and psychosocial aspects of stress and addiction; along with this growth came the recognition of the importance of understanding the interaction of biological and psychosocial factors that influence risk for initiation and maintenance of addictive behaviors. Recent research has started to specifically focus on understanding the nature of how stress contributes to addiction - this research has influenced the way we think about addiction and its etiological factors and has produced exciting possibilities for developing effective intervention strategies; to date there has been no available book to integrate this literature. This highly focused work integrates and consolidates available knowledge to provide a resource for researchers and practitioners and for trainees in multiple fields. Stress and Addiction will help neuroscientists, social scientists, and mental health providers in addressing the role of stress in addictive behaviors; the volume is also useful as a reference book for those conducting research in this field.

  • Creativity

    Theories and Themes: Research, Development, and Practice
    • 1 Edición
    • Mark A. Runco
    • Inglés
    An integrative introduction to the theories and themes in research on creativity, this book is both a reference work and text for courses in this burgeoning area of research. The book begins with a discussion of the theories of creativity (Person, Product, Process, Place), the general question of whether creativity is influenced by nature or nurture, what research has indicated of the personality and style of creative individuals from a personality analysis standpoint, how social context affects creativity, and then coverage of issues like gender differences, whether creativity can be enhanced, if creativity is related to poor mental or physical health, etc. The book contains boxes covering special interest items including one page biographies of famous creative individuals and activities for a group or individual to test and/or encourage creativity, as well as references to internet sites relating to creativity.

  • International Review of Research in Mental Retardation

    Developmental Epidemiology of Mental Retardation and Developmental Disabilities
    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 33
    • Inglés
    International Review of Research in Mental Retardation is an ongoing scholarly look at research into the causes, effects, classification systems, syndromes, etc. of mental retardation. Contributors come from wide-ranging perspectives, including genetics, psychology, education, and other health and behavioral sciences.Internation... Review of Research in Mental Retardation is now available online at ScienceDirect — full-text online of volumes 23 onwards. Elsevier book series on ScienceDirect gives multiple users throughout an institution simultaneous online access to an important compliment to primary research. Digital delivery ensures users reliable, 24-hour access to the latest peer-reviewed content. The Elsevier book series are compiled and written by the most highly regarded authors in their fields and are selected from across the globe using Elsevier’s extensive researcher network. For more information about the Elsevier Book Series on ScienceDirect Program, please visit:http://www.inf...

  • Advances in the Study of Behavior

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 36
    • H. Jane Brockmann + 5 más
    • Inglés
    The aim of Advances in the Study of Behavior is to serve scientists engaged in the study of animal behavior, including psychologists, neuroscientists, biologists, ethologists, pharmacologists, endocrinologists, ecologists, and geneticists. Articles in the series present critical reviews of significant research programs with theoretical syntheses, reformulation of persistent problems, and/or highlighting new and exciting research concepts. Advances in the Study of Behavior is now available online at ScienceDirect — full-text online of volumes 30 onwards. Elsevier book series on ScienceDirect gives multiple users throughout an institution simultaneous online access to an important compliment to primary research. Digital delivery ensures users reliable, 24-hour access to the latest peer-reviewed content. The Elsevier book series are compiled and written by the most highly regarded authors in their fields and are selected from across the globe using Elsevier’s extensive researcher network. For more information about the Elsevier Book Series on ScienceDirect Program, please visit: http://www.info.scie...

  • Psychology of Academic Cheating

    • 1 Edición
    • Eric M. Anderman + 1 más
    • Inglés
    Who cheats and why? How do they cheat? What are the consequences? What are the ways of stopping it before it starts? These questions and more are answered in this research based investigation into the nature and circumstances of Academic Cheating. Cheating has always been a problem in academic settings, and with advances in technology (camera cell phones, the internet) and more pressure than ever for students to test well and get into top rated schools, cheating has become epidemic. At the same time, it has been argued, the moral fiber of society as a whole has dampened to find cheating less villainous than it was once regarded. Who cheats? Why do they cheat? and Under what circumstances? Psychology of Academic Cheating looks at personality variables of those likely to cheat, but also the circumstances that make one more likely than not to try cheating. Research on the motivational aspects of cheating, and what research has shown to prevent cheating is discussed across different student populations, ages and settings.

  • Philosophy of Psychology and Cognitive Science

    • 1 Edición
    • Inglés
    Psychology is the study of thinking, and cognitive science is the interdisciplinary investigation of mind and intelligence that also includes philosophy, artificial intelligence, neuroscience, linguistics, and anthropology. In these investigations, many philosophical issues arise concerning methods and central concepts. The Handbook of Philosophy of Psychology and Cognitive Science contains 16 essays by leading philosophers of science that illuminate the nature of the theories and explanations used in the investigation of minds. Topics discussed include representation, mechanisms, reduction, perception, consciousness, language, emotions, neuroscience, and evolutionary psychology.

  • The Psychology of Learning and Motivation

    Categories in Use
    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 47
    • Inglés
    Volume 47 of The Psychology of Learning and Motivation offers a discussion of the different factors that influence one's development as a mature and capable person. This is the latest release in this well-received and highly credible series of publications. Broad topics including linguistics, the art of design, categorization of the social world, conversation, and classification are explored to provide the reader with an understanding of these steps one must take during his or her personal and social development. This title is a valuable resource for both psychology researchers and their students.

  • International Review of Research in Mental Retardation

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 32
    • Inglés
    International Review of Research in Mental Retardation is an ongoing scholarly look at research into the causes, effects, classification systems, syndromes, etc. of mental retardation. Contributors come from wide-ranging perspectives, including genetics, psychology, education, and other health and behavioral sciences. Volume 32 of the series offers chapters in language development, residential services research, the intersection of poverty and socio-economic position with intellectual disability, prenatal stress and adverse birth outcome, fluid cognition, dietary habits, and screening for autism. The wide range of topics covered in these chapters make Volume 32 of the International Review of Research in Mental Retardation a particularly valuable resource for academic researchers in developmental and cognitive psychology, as well as those in neuropsychology.

  • Visual Perception Part 1

    Fundamentals of Vision: Low and Mid-Level Processes in Perception
    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 154
    • Susana Martinez-Conde + 4 más
    • Inglés
    This book presents a collection of articles reflecting state-of-the-art research in visual perception, specifically concentrating on neural correlates of perception. Each section addresses one of the main topics in vision research today. Volume 1 Fundamentals of Vision: Low and Mid-Level Processes in Perception covers topics from receptive field analyses to shape perception and eye movements. A variety of methodological approaches are represented, including single-neuron recordings, fMRI and optical imaging, psychophysics, eye movement characterization and computational modelling. The contributions will provide the reader with a valuable perspective on the current status of vision research, and more importantly, with critical insight into future research directions and the discoveries yet to come.

  • Understanding Emotions

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 156
    • Inglés
    Emotions shape all aspects of our thinking and behavior, particularly when we communicate with others. How does our brain respond to emotions conveyed by picture media, human faces, voices, and written language? How do we integrate this information in social interaction? What goes wrong in the brains of people suffering from emotional disorders? This book reviews modern neuroscientific and psychological research providing answers to these questions. In this volume, leading researchers give comprehensive overviews of the current knowledge on different aspects of emotional perception and the underlying brain mechanisms and highlight outstanding research questions for the future. This book provides essential information for other researchers in the fields of affective and cognitive neuroscience as well as for advanced students.

  • Advances in Child Development and Behavior

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 34
    • Robert V. Kail
    • Inglés
    Volume 34 of the Advances in Child Development and Behavior series is divided into eight components that highlight some of the most recent research in developmental and educational psychology. A wide array of topics are discussed in detail, including social stereotypes and prejudice, phonetic and lexical learning, poverty, the development of moral thinking, and others. Each component provides in depth discussions of various developmental psychology specializations. This volume serves as an invaluable resource for psychology researchers and advanced psychology students.

  • The Psychology of Humor

    An Integrative Approach
    • 1 Edición
    • Rod A. Martin
    • Inglés
    Research on humor is carried out in a number of areas in psychology, including the cognitive (What makes something funny?), developmental (when do we develop a sense of humor?), and social (how is humor used in social interactions?) Although there is enough interest in the area to have spawned several societies, the literature is dispersed in a number of primary journals, with little in the way of integration of the material into a book. Dr. Martin is one of the best known researchers in the area, and his research goes across subdisciplines in psychology to be of wide appeal. This is a singly authored monograph that provides in one source, a summary of information researchers might wish to know about research into the psychology of humor. The material is scholarly, but the presentation of the material is suitable for people unfamiliar with the subject-making The Psychology of Humor suitable for use for advanced undergraduate and graduate level courses on the psychology of humor-which have not had a textbook source. 2007 AATH Book Award for Humor/Laughter Research category!

  • Drugs and the Future

    Brain Science, Addiction and Society
    • 1 Edición
    • David J. Nutt + 4 más
    • Inglés
    Drugs and the Future presents 13 reviews collected to present the new advances in all areas of addiction research, including knowledge gained from mapping the human genome, the improved understanding of brain pathways and functions that are stimulated by addictive drugs, experimental and clinical psychology approaches to addiction and treatment, as well as both ethical considerations and social policy. The book also includes chapters on the history of addictive substances and some personal narratives of addiction. Introduced by Sir David King, Science Advisory to the UK Government and head of the Office of Science and Technology, and Nora Volkow, director of the National Institute on Drug Abuse in the USA, the book uniquely covers the full range of disciplines which can provide insight into the future of addiction, from genetics to the humanities. Written for a scientific audience, it is also applicable to non-specialists as well.

  • Handbook of Exposure Therapies

    • 1 Edición
    • David C.S. Richard + 1 más
    • Inglés
    Exposure Therapy refers to any clinical intervention in which a client directly confronts a source of fear. Since high levels of anxiety can not be maintained indefinitely, repeated exposure leads to decreased anxiety. This type of treatment is effective with phobias, post traumatic stress disorder, obsessive compulsive disorders, panic, generalized anxiety, and several other disorders. It's also been found to be effective in helping to treat substance abuse. Although exposure-based treatments have been extensively researched and reported in the literature, there is no single comprehensive treatment of exposure therapies. Writings tend to be limited to larger pieces on treating specific disorders or types of patients. A comprehensive book on the use of these treatments across patient disorders will be of great use to practitioners. The book is divided into three sections: Foundation, Applications, and Issues. Foundation chapters considers theoretical and assessment issues. Applications chapters will discuss research literature on each disorder having been proven to be successfully treated with exposure therapy. Issue chapters will discuss liability issues, false memory syndrome, and the use of computers and virtual reality in exposure therapy.

  • Psychology and the Internet

    Intrapersonal, Interpersonal, and Transpersonal Implications
    • 2 Edición
    • Jayne Gackenbach
    • Inglés
    The previous edition provided the first resource for examining how the Internet affects our definition of who we are and our communication and work patterns. It examined how normal behavior differs from the pathological with respect to Internet use. Coverage includes how the internet is used in our social patterns: work, dating, meeting people of similar interests, how we use it to conduct business, how the Internet is used for learning, children and the Internet, what our internet use says about ourselves, and the philosophical ramifications of internet use on our definitions of reality and consciousness. Since its publication in 1998, a slew of other books on the topic have emerged, many speaking solely to internet addiction, learning on the web, or telehealth. There are few competitors that discuss the breadth of impact the internet has had on intrpersonal, interpersonal, and transpersonal psychology.

  • Handbook on Animal-Assisted Therapy

    Theoretical Foundations and Guidelines for Practice
    • 2 Edición
    • Megan Mueller + 3 más
    • Inglés
    The original edition was the first book to provide a comprehensive overview of the ways in which animals can assist therapists with treatment of specific populations, and/or in specific settings. The second edition continues in this vein, with 7 new chapters plus substantial revisions of continuing chapters as the research in this field has grown. New coverage includes: Animals as social supports, Use of AAT with Special Needs students, the role of animals in the family- insights for clinicians, and measuring the animal-person bond.

  • Clocking the Mind

    Mental Chronometry and Individual Differences
    • 1 Edición
    • Arthur R. Jensen
    • Inglés
    Mental Chronometry (MC) comprises a variety of techniques for measuring the speed with which the brain processes information.First developed in mid-1800, MC was subsequently eclipsed by more complex and practically useful types of psychometric tests stemming from Alfred Binet. This class of mental tests, however, has no true metric relating the test scores to any specific properties of the brain per se. The scores merely represent an ordinal scale, only ranking individuals according to their overall performance on a variety of complex mental tasks. The resulting scores represent no more than ranks rather than being a true metrical scale of any specific dimension of brain function. Such an ordinal scale, which merely ranks individuals in some defined population, possesses no true scale properties, possessing neither a true zero or equal intervals throughout the scale. This deficiency obstructs the development of a true natural science of mental ability. The present burgeoning interest in understanding individual differences in mental abilities in terms of the natural sciences, biology and the brain sciences in particular, demands direct measures that functionally link brain and behavior. One such natural ratio scale is time itself - the time it takes the brain to perform some elementary cognitive task, measured in milliseconds. After more than 25 years researching MC, Jensen here presents results on an absolute scale showing times for intake of visual and auditory information, for accessing short-term and long-term memory, and other cognitive skills, as a function of age, at yearly intervals from 3 to 80 years. The possible uses of MC in neurological diagnosis and the monitoring of drug effects on cognition, the chronometric study of special time-sensitive talents such as musical performance, and presents a theory of general intelligence, or g, as a function of the rate of oscillation of neural action potentials as measured by chronometric methods. Finally, Jensen urges the world-wide standardization of chronometric methods as necessary for advancing MC as a crucial branch of biopsychological science.

  • Aspects of Knowing

    Epistemological Essays
    • 1 Edición
    • Inglés
    AcknowledgementsCont... Introduction: The art of precise epistemology Stephen HetheringtonPart A. Epistemology as scientific?2. A problem about epistemic dependence Tim Oakley3. Accounting for commitments: A priori knowledge, ontology, and logical entailments Michaeli... Michael4. Epistemic bootstrappingPeter Forrest5. More praise for Moore’s proofRoger White6. Lotteries and the Close Shave principle John Collins7. Skepticism, self-knowledge, and responsibilityDavid Macarthur8. A reasonable contextualism (or, Austin reprised)A. B. Dickerson9. Questioning contextualism Brian WeathersonPart B. Understanding knowledge?10. Truthmaking and the Gettier problemAdrian Heathcote11. Is knowing having the right to be sure?André Gallois12. Knowledge by intention? On the possibility of agent’s knowledge Anne Newstead13. Gettier’s theoremJohn Bigelow14. Knowledge that works: A tale of two conceptual models Stephen Hetherington

  • Advances in Experimental Social Psychology

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 38
    • Mark P. Zanna
    • Inglés
    Advances in Experimental Social Psychology continues to be one of the most sought after and most often cited series in this field. Containing contributions of major empirical and theoretical interest, this series represents the best and the brightest in new research, theory, and practice in social psychology.

  • The Psychology of Learning and Motivation

    Advances in Research and Theory
    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 46
    • Inglés
    The Psychology of Learning and Motivation publishes empirical and theoretical contributions in cognitive and experimental psychology, ranging from classical and instrumental conditioning to complex learning and problem solving. Volume 46 contains chapters on category learning, prototypes, prospective memory, event memory, memory models, and musical prosody.

  • The Psychology of Lust Murder

    Paraphilia, Sexual Killing, and Serial Homicide
    • 1 Edición
    • Catherine Purcell + 1 más
    • Inglés
    The Psychology of Lust Murder systematically examines the phenomenon of paraphilia (i.e., aberrant sexuality) in relationship to the crime of lust murder. By synthesizing the relevant theories on sexual homicide and serial killing, the authors develop an original, timely, sensible model that accounts for the emergence and progression of paraphilias expressed through increasingly violent erotic fantasies. Over time, these disturbing paraphilic images that, among other things, involve rape, body mutilation and dismemberment, torture, post-mortem sexual intercourse, and cannibalism, are all actualized. Thus, it is the sustained presence of deviant sexuality that contributes to and serves as underlying motive for the phenomenon of lust murder (a.k.a. erotophonophilia). Going well beyond theoretical speculation, the authors (Dr. Catherine Purcell, a forensic psychologist and Dr. Bruce Arrigo, a criminologist) apply their integrated model to the gruesome and chilling case of Jeffrey Dahmer. They convincingly demonstrate where and how their conceptual framework provides a more complete explanation of lust homicide than any other model available in the field today. The book concludes with a number of practical suggestions linked to clinical prevention, diagnosis, and treatment strategies; police training, profiling, and apprehension efforts; as well as legal and public policy responses to sexually violent and predatory assailants. Comprehensive in its coverage, accessible in its prose, and thoughtful in its analysis, The Psychology of Lust Murder is a must read for any person interested in the crime of erotophonophilia and those offenders responsible for its serial commission.

  • Early Intervention for Autism Spectrum Disorders

    A Critical Analysis
    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 1
    • Johnny L. Matson + 1 más
    • Inglés
    Early Intervention for Autism Spectrum Disorders is the first in a series aimed at addressing the rapidly expanding field of assessment and treatment of children with mental health issues and/or development disabilities. Early Intervention for Autism Spectrum Disorders is aimed at the researcher of practitioner who works with those young children with Autism Spectrum Disorder. In addition to covering major research developments in differential diagnosis and early intervention, the author's provide a critical review and analysis of core concept that define this area. The first chapter of the book reviews the development of definitions of autism along with early methods for diagnosing this area of developmental disabilities. Chapter two covers some of the most discussed theories of etiology along with a review of prevalence and the author's opinions on why the number of children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder has increased markedly in recent years. A chapter on the most commonly used assessment methods and a critique of the psychometric properties of each is followed by three chapters on treatment. We have broken the treatment chapters down based on type of intervention. The first treatment chapter covers specific target behaviors or small sets of behaviors. A second chapter covers training for the packaged comprehensive treatment models with particular emphasis on the TEACCH, UCLA-YAP and the University of California Santa Barbara Autism Research and Training Program. Each of these programs gives a unique perspective on treatment for these young children. The final treatment chapter covers the recent developments in pharmacotherapy for autism spectrum disorder, with a critical analysis and review of the data. We hope the overview presented proves to be of interest to researchers and practitioners in the field. We present one perspective on this exciting and innovative area of research and treatment. Hopefully, it will serve as one useful source to those who wish to provide the most up to date evidence based intervention to these young developmentally challenged children.

  • The Neurobiology of Painting

    International Review of Neurobiology
    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 74
    • F. Clifford Rose + 3 más
    • Inglés
    The book presents a basis for the interaction of the brain and nervous system with painting, music and literature, and a discussion of art from multiple facets – such as anatomy, migraine, illusion and evolutionary biology. The book explores several aspects of the neurobiology of painting, including evolutionary neurobiology, sensation vs. perception, the visual brain and how the mind works, and also explores the affects of brain disorders and trauma on artist, with a concluding chapter on Frida Kahlo and the spinal cord injury that influenced her painting.

  • WISC-IV Advanced Clinical Interpretation

    • 1 Edición
    • Lawrence G. Weiss + 3 más
    • Inglés
    For both experienced psychologists and graduate students, WISC-IV Advanced Clinical Interpretation moves quickly through the essentials of WISC-IV interpretation and onto an insightful analysis of the major cognitive domains assessed by WISC-IV. It is the intention of the editors to raise the standard of practice from a simplistic 'test-label-place' model to a clinical model of assessing to understand and intervene. In the first chapter, the reader is presented with a comprehensive array of societal and home environment factors for which there is empirical evidence indicating their impact on the development of children’s cognitive abilities, and ultimately their scores on intelligence tests. Subsequent chapters address issues related to the assessment of cognitive abilities that compose 'g', with special emphasis on the clinical correlates of working memory and processing speed from both neuropsychological and cognitive information processing perspectives. Each new chapter builds on material presented in previous chapters and progresses the reader purposefully through deeper levels of understanding of WISC-IV and cognitive assessment in general. Two chapters explicate the processing approach to interpretation that is the corner stone of the WISC-IV Integrated. A further chapter addresses the interpretation of WISC-IV findings within the context of other instruments as part of a full psychological evaluation. The final chapter provides an extensive case example of how to write psychological evaluation reports from a child-centered rather than a score-centered perspective that can have transforming impact on parents and teachers approach to the child. Overall, these four authors are the architects of a masterful new book on advanced WISC-IV interpretation from a clinical perspective, Together with the complimentary book, WISC-IV Clinical Assessment and Intervention, Second Edition these books provide the complete spectrum of information needed by all psychologists who use the WISC-IV in clinical practice.

  • International Review of Research in Mental Retardation

    Mental Retardation, Personality, and Motivational Systems
    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 31
    • Inglés
    Volume 31 of the International Review of Research in Mental Retardation is a thematic exploration of personality and motivation in persons with mental retardation. Looking at a broad spectrum of intellectual disabilities, Mental Retardation, Personality, and Motivational Systems explores motivation as a moderator for performance and individualized effort. Coverage includes discussions of intrinsic and extrinsic motivation in both mentally retarded and non-retarded children, self-determination, interpersonal decision making in adolescents and adults with mental retardation, interpersonal relationships, and the connection between etiological-specific differences and motivation to form "behavioral phenotypes." A final chapter presents a transactional perspective on human ability, relying on constructs of intelligence, cognitive processes, and motivation, with implications for developmental interventions in the lives of persons with mental retardation.

  • Body Language and the First Line Manager

    • 1 Edición
    • Eunice Lawton
    • Inglés
    Body language can account for 70% of the message people give out. Aimed at first line management, this book examines basic body language, the impact that body language can have at work, and how we need to ensure that we are giving out the right non-verbal messages in different management situations. Practical tips are provided on how to improve communication and interaction through the use of appropriate body language.

  • Bullying and Sexual Harassment

    A Practical Handbook
    • 1 Edición
    • Tina Stephens + 1 más
    • Inglés
    Bullying and Sexual Harassment provides practical guidance on how to recognise and reduce bullying and harassment. It explains and advises on what steps a manager should take when they first become aware of such problems and how to be pro-active rather than reactive. It is written in an easy to follow, friendly style especially designed for use by those having to grapple with such a difficult and sensitive area. It addresses such issues as: why does it seem so hard to deal with it? When does friendliness or banter become sexual harassment? When does firm management become bullying? How do you recognise bullying in the workplace? How should you deal with complaints of bullying or harassment and what are the pitfalls? The book is considered in the context of the situation in the UK and British case law.

  • Clinical Strategies for Becoming a Master Psychotherapist

    • 1 Edición
    • William O'Donohue + 1 más
    • Inglés
    The best health practices are a synthesis of science and art. Surgery is a case in point. Although all competent surgeons follow scientific protocols, the best surgeons are masters of the art of surgery and produce better outcomes: e.g., smaller incisions; lower mortality rates. Psychotherapists are in exactly the same position. Psychotherapy is both a science and an art. There are excellent resources that convey information about empirically supported practices — the science of psychotherapy. However, this scientific information is incomplete in two important ways. It does not cover key matters that come up in psychotherapy (e.g., building a therapeutic relationship, resistance, termination), and it often does not fully cover the "art" of implementing these techniques, the nuances, the creative ways, the problem solving strategies when difficulties arise. This book is an attempt to have high profile, expert, "master" therapists discuss the art of handling these key issues.

  • Elsevier's Dictionary of Psychological Theories

    • 1 Edición
    • J.E. Roeckelein
    • Inglés
    In attempting to understand and explain various behaviour, events, and phenomena in their field, psychologists have developed and enunciated an enormous number of ‘best guesses’ or theories concerning the phenomenon in question. Such theories involve speculations and statements that range on a potency continuum from ‘strong’ to ‘weak’. The term theory, itself, has been conceived of in various ways in the psychological literature. In the present dictionary, the strategy of lumping together all the various traditional descriptive labels regarding psychologists ‘best guesses’ under the single descriptive term theory has been adopted. The descriptive labels of principle, law, theory, model, paradigm, effect, hypothesis and doctrine are attached to many of the entries, and all such descriptive labels are subsumed under the umbrella term theory.The title of this dictionary emphasizes the term theory (implying both strong and weak best guesses) and is a way of indication, overall, the contents of this comprehensive dictionary in a parsimonious and felicitous fashion.The dictionary will contain approximately 2,000 terms covering the origination, development, and evolution of various psychological concepts, as well as the historical definition, analysis, and criticisms of psychological concepts. Terms and definitions are in English.

  • Mental Models and the Mind

    Current developments in Cognitive Psychology, Neuroscience and Philosophy of Mind
    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 138
    • Carsten Held + 2 más
    • Inglés
    "Cognitive psychology," "cognitive neuroscience," and "philosophy of mind" are names for three very different scientific fields, but they label aspects of the same scientific goal: to understand the nature of mental phenomena. Today, the three disciplines strongly overlap under the roof of the cognitive sciences. The book's purpose is to present views from the different disciplines on one of the central theories in cognitive science: the theory of mental models. Cognitive psychologists report their research on the representation and processing of mental models in human memory. Cognitive neuroscientists demonstrate how the brain processes visual and spatial mental models and which neural processes underlie visual and spatial thinking. Philosophers report their ideas about the role of mental models in relation to perception, emotion, representation, and intentionality. The single articles have different and mutually complementing goals: to introduce new empirical methods and approaches, to report new experimental results, and to locate competing approaches for their interpretation in the cross-disciplinary debate. The book is strongly interdisciplinary in character. It is especially addressed to researchers in any field related to mental models theory as both a reference book and an overview of present research on the topic in other disciplines. However, it is also an ideal reader for a specialized graduate course.

  • Handbook of the Psychology of Aging

    • 6 Edición
    • James E. Birren + 1 más
    • Inglés
    Handbook of the Psychology of Aging, 6e provides a comprehensive summary and evaluation of recent research on the psychological aspects of aging. The 22 chapters are organized into four divisions: Concepts, Theories, and Methods in the Psychology of Aging; Biological and Social Influences on Aging; Behavioral Processes and Aging; and Complex Behavioral Concepts and Processes in Aging. The 6th edition of the Handbook is considerably changed from the previous edition. Half of the chapters are on new topics and the remaining half are on returning subjects that are entirely new presentations by different authors of new material. Some of the exciting new topics include Contributions of Cognitive Neuroscience to Understanding Behavior and Aging, Everyday Problem Solving and Decision Making, Autobiographical Memory, and Religion and Health Late in Life.The Handbook will be of use to researchers and professional practitioners working with the aged. It is also suitable for use as a textbook for graduate and advanced undergraduate courses on the psychology of aging.The Handbook of the Psycology of Aging, Sixth Edition is part of the Handbooks on Aging series, including Handbook of the Biology of Aging and Handbook of Aging and the Social Sciences, also in their 6th editions.

  • Clinician's Handbook of Child Behavioral Assessment

    • 1 Edición
    • Michel Hersen
    • Inglés
    Given the vast amount of research related to behavioral assessment, it is difficult for clinicians to keep abreast of new developments. In recent years, there have been advances in assessment, case conceptualization, treatment planning, treatment strategies for specific disorders, and considerations of new ethical and legal issues. Keeping track of advances requires monitoring diverse resources limited to specific disorders, many of which give short shrift to child assessment, overlooking developmental considerations. Much of the existing literature is either theoretical/research in focus or clinical in nature. Nowhere are the various aspects of child behavioral assessment placed in a comprehensive research/clinical context, nor is there much integration as to conceptualization and treatment planning. The Clinician’s Handbook of Child Behavioral Assessment was created to fill this gap, summarizing critical information for child behavioral assessment in a single source. The Clinician’s Handbook of Child Behavioral Assessment provides a single source for understanding new developments in this field, cutting across strategies, techniques, and disorders. Assessment strategies are presented in context with the research behind those strategies, along with discussions of clinical utility, and how assessment and conceptualization fit in with treatment planning. The volume is organized in three sections, beginning with general issues, followed by evaluations of specific disorders and problems, and closing with special issues. To ensure cross chapter consistency in the coverage of disorders, these chapters are formatted to contain an introduction, assessment strategies, research basis, clinical utility, conceptualization and treatment planning, a case study, and summary. Special issue coverage includes child abuse assessment, classroom assessment, behavioral neuropsychology, academic skills problems, and ethical-legal issues. Suitable for beginning and established clinicians in practice, this handbook will provide a ready reference toward effective child behavioral assessment.

  • Qualitative Research Methods for Psychologists

    Introduction through Empirical Studies
    • 1 Edición
    • Constance T. Fischer
    • Inglés
    Qualitative Research Methods for Psychologists is a collection of 14 original articles that teaches readers how to conduct qualitative research. Instead of characterizing and justifying certain methods, the contributors show by means of actual research studies what assumptions, procedures, and dilemmas they encountered. Fischer's introduction, which emphasizes the practical nature of qualitative research and the closing chapter, which uses a question-and-answer format to investigate, among other subjects, what is scientific about qualitative research, are complemented by a glossary and other features that increase the book's utility and value.

  • Clinician's Handbook of Adult Behavioral Assessment

    • 1 Edición
    • Michel Hersen
    • Inglés
    Given the vast amount of research related to behavioral assessment, it is difficult for clinicians to keep abreast of new developments. In recent years, there have been advances in assessment, case conceptualization, treatment planning, treatment strategies for specific disorders, and considerations of new ethical and legal issues. Keeping track of advances requires monitoring diverse resources limited to specific disorders, many of which are theoretical rather than practical, or that offer clinical advice without providing the evidence base for treatment recommendations. This handbook was created to fill this gap, summarizing critical information for adult behavioral assessment. The Clinician’s Handbook of Adult Behavioral Assessment provides a single source for understanding new developments in this field, cutting across strategies, techniques, and disorders. Assessment strategies are presented in context with the research behind those strategies, along with discussions of clinical utility, and how assessment and conceptualization fit in with treatment planning. The volume is organized in three sections, beginning with general issues, followed by evaluations of specific disorders and problems, and closing with special issues. To ensure cross chapter consistency in the coverage of disorders, these chapters are formatted to contain an introduction, assessment strategies, research basis, clinical utility, conceptualization and treatment planning, a case study, and summary. Special issue coverage includes computerized assessment, evaluating older adults, behavioral neuropsychology, ethical-legal issues, work-related issues, and value change in adults with acquired disabilities. Suitable for beginning and established clinicians in practice, this handbook will provide a ready reference toward effective adult behavioral assessment.

  • Handbook of Categorization in Cognitive Science

    • 1 Edición
    • Henri Cohen + 1 más
    • Inglés
    Categorization, the basic cognitive process of arranging objects into categories, is a fundamental process in human and machine intelligence and is central to investigations and research in cognitive science. Until now, categorization has been approached from singular disciplinary perspectives with little overlap or communication between the disciplines involved (Linguistics, Psychology, Philosophy, Neuroscience, Computer Science, Cognitive Anthropology). Henri Cohen and Claire Lefebvre have gathered together a stellar collection of contributors in this unique, ambitious attempt to bring together converging disciplinary and conceptual perspectives on this topic."Categorizatio... is a key concept across the range of cognitive sciences, including linguistics and philosophy, yet hitherto it has been hard to find accounts that go beyond the concerns of one or two individual disciplines. The Handbook of Categorization in Cognitive Science provides just the sort of interdisciplinary approach that is necessary to synthesize knowledge from the different fields and provide the basis for future innovation." Professor Bernard Comrie, Department of Linguistics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Germany"Anyone concerned with language, semantics, or categorization will want to have this encyclopedic collection."Professo... Eleanor Rosch, Dept of Psychology, University of California, Berkeley, USA

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