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Elsevier

Libros en Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades

  • Economics Private and Public Choice

    • 1 Edición
    • James D Gwartney
    • Inglés
    Economics: Private and Public Choice is an aid for students and general readers to develop a sound economic reasoning. The book discusses several ways to economic thinking including six guideposts as follows: (i) scarce goods have costs; (ii) Decision-makers economize in their choices; (iii) Incentives are important; (iv) Decision-makers are dependent on information scarcity; (v) Economic actions can have secondary effects; and (vi) Economic thinking is scientific. The book explains the Keynesian view of money, employment, and inflation, as well as the monetarist view on the proper macropolicy, business cycle, and inflation. The book also discusses consumer decision making, the elasticity of demand, and how income influences demand. The text analyzes costs and producer decisions, the firm under pure competition, and how a competitive model functions. The book explains monopoly, and also considers the high barriers that prevent entry such as legal barriers, economies of scale, and control over important resources. The author also presents comparative economic systems such as capitalism and socialism. This book can prove useful for students and professors in economics, as well as general readers whose works are related to public service and planning in the area of economic development.

  • Fate and Effects of Sediment-Bound Chemicals in Aquatic Systems

    Proceedings of the Sixth Pellston Workshop, Florissant, Colorado, August 12-17, 1984
    • 1 Edición
    • Kenneth L. Dickson + 2 más
    • Inglés
    Fate and Effects of Sediment-Bound Chemicals in Aquatic Systems presents the proceedings of the Sixth Pellston Workshop, held in Florissant, Colorado on August 12–17, 1984. This book presents the development of scientific inquiry of hazards to the aquatic environment. Organized into 27 chapters, this compilation of papers begins with an overview of water quality significance of sediment-associated contaminants to aquatic life. This text then addresses the topic of the role of suspended and settled sediments in regulating the effects of chemicals in the aquatic environment. Other chapters consider the nature and extent of partitioning and bioavailability, which are key elements in research efforts toward assessing the effects of sediments on water quality. This book discusses as well the regulatory and management strategies for chemicals entering public water supplies. The final chapter deals with conclusions and recommendations identified during the workshop. This book is a valuable resource for biologists and environmental scientists.

  • Casebook of Organizational Behavior

    • 1 Edición
    • Andrew J. Dubrin
    • Inglés
    Casebook of Organizational Behavior provides a panorama of absorbing, appropriately complex, modern cases from a diversity of work and organizations. The cases chosen are designed to illustrate a wide range of organizational behavior concepts and principles, those ordinarily described and discussed in any comprehensive textbook in organizational behavior. This book is organized into five parts encompassing 44 chapters. It rests upon a foundation of cases about human behavior in organizations drawn from a wide variety of settings. Cases in each chapter are chosen to illustrate concepts that fall under the particular chapter heading, but the classification is not rigid. Each case is accompanied by several questions designed to focus the student's attention upon some of the more important issues raised by the case. After a brief introduction to guidelines for case analysis, this book goes on focusing on individual cases, structured under the general topics of work motivation, the human element in decision making, stresses in managerial and professional life, and political maneuvering in organizations. The next two parts are devoted to cases of small-groups and organizational behavior. Emphasis in small groups is places upon cases that have the most relevance for knowledge workers, including managers, professionals, technical and sales personnel, while in organization behavior focuses on bringing about changes in organizations, yet many of these changes are initiated at the individual and small-group level. This book is of value to college and university undergraduate and masters level courses, and in programs of management development.

  • Family Formation in an Age of Nascent Capitalism

    • 1 Edición
    • David Z. Levine
    • Charles Tilly + 1 más
    • Inglés
    Family Formation in an Age of Nascent Capitalism deals with the impact of early capitalism on the strategies of family formation among four sets of English villagers in the period before the wholesale switch-over to factory industry. This era, roughly speaking from 1550 to 1850, has been variously described as ""traditional,"" ""preindustrial,"" and, more recently, ""protoindustrial."" However, the author sees it as a stage in the transition from feudalism to capitalism—a halfway house. The book begins by placing the study in the context of the larger debate concerning nascent capitalism, early rural industrialization, and the growth of population. Separate chapters then discuss the growth and structure of the framework knitting industry in Shepshed and the social implications of this economic change; the patterns of immigration, population turnover, and generational replacement in Shepshed and Bottesford; and industrial involution and domestic organization in 1851. Subsequent chapters deal with the demographic implications of rural industrialization; the relationship between economic opportunity and family formation; and relationships among the expectation of marriage, bridal pregnancy, and illegitimacy.

  • Sociological Dilemmas

    Toward a Dialectic Paradigm
    • 1 Edición
    • Piotr Sztompka
    • Inglés
    Sociological Dilemmas: Toward a Dialectic Paradigm aims to build a new paradigm in sociological theory by using the method of dialectical critique, patterned on the approach utilized by Karl Marx. The book explores the sociological heritage, with the theoretical works of Karl Marx as the primary basis of exposition and analysis. Chapters are devoted to the discussion of the theoretical crisis of sociology; the division of sociology between two opposing methodologies; dissociation of sociology from the prescientific traditions of social thought; and the conclusion reached by the author after an extensive analysis of sociological theories presented in the book. The book will be of value to sociologists, teachers, and students of the social sciences.

  • Economic Policy Reform in Mexico

    A Case Study for Developing Countries
    • 1 Edición
    • Leopoldo Solís
    • Inglés
    Economic Policy Reform in Mexico: A Case Study for Developing Countries is a five-chapter text about political economy that tries to assess the economic developments in Mexico, especially the attempt at economic reform in the early 1970s. The first chapter examines the period of Stabilizing Development to provide a framework necessary for judging the environment in which the attempts at economic reform were undertaken. This chapter is a piece of applied economics that tries to assess the too frequent attacks against that phase of economic policy. The following three chapters discuss the economic policy objectives of Echeverria's administration, the attempt at tax reform, and the change in the structure and practices of public spending. The final chapter evaluates the experience and draws some inferences about the nature of decision making in economic policy and the constraints faced by a government that wants to use economic policy as an instrument for the promotion of social welfare. This book will prove useful to economists, historians, and researchers.

  • Advances in Cognitive—Behavioral Research and Therapy

    Volume 5
    • 1 Edición
    • Philip C. Kendall
    • Inglés
    Advances in Cognitive–Behavioral Research and Therapy, Volume 5 compiles assessment, treatment, and theoretical papers on cognition and behavior. This book discusses the asymmetry in the internal dialogue; reassessment of the empirical support for the rational-emotive model; and analysis of Beck's cognitive therapy for depression. The dysfunctional attitudes and a self-worth contingency model of depression; hot cognition and psychotherapy process; causal attributions in health and illness; and behavioral perspectives on the assessment and treatment of child abuse are also deliberated in this text. This publication is valuable to researchers and clinicians concerned with cognition and behavior.

  • People: An International Choice

    The Multilateral Approach to Population
    • 1 Edición
    • Rafael M. Salas
    • Inglés
    People: An International Choice: The Multilateral Approach to Population focuses on the United Nations Fund for Population Activities' (UNFPA) international population policy, with emphasis on its multilateral approach to the world population problem. It examines how the UNFPA has tied its population programs with general social and economic progress. The methods that were used in building up the Fund to serve as an honest broker between the developed and the developing countries, as well as its successes and failures in responding to requests for aid, are discussed. This book is comprised of 10 chapters and begins with an overview of the UNFPA and its principles with respect to population problems. UNFPA has three quite different constituencies within the United Nations system whose support it needs to remain viable and to develop effective programs: the donors (primarily in the developed world), the recipients (primarily in the developing world), and the organizations carrying out UNFPA-financed programs. Subsequent chapters consider the UNFPA's early population programs and the steps it has taken to address the growing population worldwide, including staff recruitment and fundraising. This monograph should be of interest to those concerned with public sector management, development assistance, and population programs, or with improving international relations.

  • Attention, Arousal and the Orientation Reaction

    International Series of Monographs in Experimental Psychology
    • 1 Edición
    • R. Lynn
    • H. J. Eysenck
    • Inglés
    Attention, Arousal and the Orientation Reaction aims to present in a volume the works of Pavlov, an eminent Russian physiologist known for his contributions, specifically the classical conditioning. This book contains the interpretations and theories in physiological terms, and elaborates on the neurological models of significant interest. The “orientation reaction” is described, and the Sokolov's model, which is claimed to be the most comprehensive model for the orientation reaction, is then illustrated. This text also explains the phenomenon of habituation, wherein facts involved are summarized in a chapter. A discussion on the numerous neurological models of the habituation process is then given. This text notes that the models are divided into ""one-stage models"" and ""two-stage models."" Other topics presented are the effects of transforming a neutral stimulus into a conditioned stimulus; the orientation reaction in ontogenetic and phylogenetic development; and the orientation reaction in the measurement of individual differences. This book will be beneficial to those fascinated with the works of Pavlov, especially the psychology students and practitioners.

  • Life-Span Developmental Psychology

    Personality and Socialization
    • 1 Edición
    • Paul B. Baltes + 1 más
    • Inglés
    Life-Span Developmental Psychology: Personality and Socialization presents papers on personality and socialization. The book discusses the history, theory, and psychological approaches of developmental psychology, with focus on socialization and personality development through the life span; personality dimensions; and theories of socialization and sex-role development. The text also describes the life-span perspective of creativity and cognitive styles; continuities in childhood and adult moral development revisited; and issues of intergenerational relations as they affect both individual socialization and continuity of culture. The interactional analysis of family attachments; social-learning theory as a framework for the study of adult personality development; person-perception research; and the perception of life-span development are also considered. The book further tackles the potential usefulness of the life-span developmental perspective in education; the strategies for enhancing human development over the life span through educational intervention; and some ecological implications for the organization of human intervention throughout the life span. Developmental psychologists, sociologists, gerontologists, and people involved in the study of child development will find the book invaluable.

  • Human Information Processing

    An Introduction to Psychology
    • 1 Edición
    • Peter H. Lindsay + 1 más
    • Inglés
    Human Information Processing: An Introduction to Psychology aims to convey the excitement of modern experimental psychology to the beginning student. The book discusses the organization of auditory perceptions; neural information processing; and the theories of pattern recognition. The text also describes the visual system; the dimensions of vision; the auditory system; and the dimensions of sound. The neural basis of memory; transient memories; the structure of memory; and memory processes are also considered. The book further tackles language acquisition; the process of learning and cognitive development; problem solving; and decision making. The text also looks into motivation and the biochemical responses to stress. Psychologists and students taking psychology and related courses will find the book useful."

  • Life-Span Developmental Psychology

    Methodological Issues
    • 1 Edición
    • John R. Nesselroade + 1 más
    • Inglés
    Life-Span Developmental Psychology: Methodological Issues is based on a conference, held at West Virginia University in 1971, that focused on the general topic of Life-Span Developmental Psychology. The conference provided a forum for the discussion of a variety of methodological issues related to the study of developmental processes over the life-span. The principal objectives of the Life-Span Conference have been not only to explicate, by successive approximation, the range of empirical phenomena with which a life-span developmental psychology should be concerned, but also to explore issues about theory, measurement, design, and data analysis which bear upon it. The book opens with a chapter on ethical issues in developmental psychology. This is followed by separate chapters on topics such as cross-cultural research in developmental psychology; the implications of the two models that have had the greatest impact on developmental psychology—the mechanistic (reactive organism) model and the organismic (active organism) model; and research strategies and measurement methods for investigating human development

  • Business Continuity and Disaster Recovery Planning for IT Professionals

    • 2 Edición
    • Susan Snedaker
    • Inglés
    Powerful Earthquake Triggers Tsunami in Pacific. Hurricane Isaac Makes Landfall in the Gulf Coast. Wildfires Burn Hundreds of Houses and Businesses in Colorado. Tornado Touches Down in Missouri. These headlines not only have caught the attention of people around the world, they have had a significant effect on IT professionals as well. The new 2nd Edition of Business Continuity and Disaster Recovery for IT Professionals gives you the most up-to-date planning and risk management techniques for business continuity and disaster recovery (BCDR). With distributed networks, increasing demands for confidentiality, integrity and availability of data, and the widespread risks to the security of personal, confidential and sensitive data, no organization can afford to ignore the need for disaster planning. Author Susan Snedaker shares her expertise with you, including the most current options for disaster recovery and communication, BCDR for mobile devices, and the latest infrastructure considerations including cloud, virtualization, clustering, and more. Snedaker also provides you with new case studies in several business areas, along with a review of high availability and information security in healthcare IT. Don’t be caught off guard—Business Continuity and Disaster Recovery for IT Professionals, 2nd Edition , is required reading for anyone in the IT field charged with keeping information secure and systems up and running.

  • Forensic Testimony

    Science, Law and Expert Evidence
    • 1 Edición
    • C. Michael Bowers
    • Inglés
    Forensic Testimony: Science, Law and Expert Evidence—favored with an Honorable Mention in Law & Legal Studies at the Association of American Publishers' 2015 PROSE Awards—provides a clear and intuitive discussion of the legal presentation of expert testimony. The book delves into the effects, processes, and battles that occur in the presentation of opinion and scientific evidence by court-accepted forensic experts. It provides a timely review of the United States Federal Rules of Evidence (FRE) regarding expert testimony, and includes a multi-disciplinary look at the strengths and weaknesses in forensic science courtroom testimony. The statutes and the effects of judicial uses (or non-use) of the FRE, Daubert, Kumho, and the 2009 NAS Report on Forensic Science are also included. The presentation expands to study case law, legal opinions, and studies on the reliability and pitfalls of forensic expertise in the US court system. This book is an essential reference for anyone preparing to give expert testimony of forensic evidence.

  • The Economics of Urban Amenities

    • 1 Edición
    • Douglas B. Diamond + 1 más
    • Inglés
    The Economics of Urban Amenities discusses amenities through a conceptual, methodological, and empirical basis. The text also defines amenities in a wide variety of human well-being. This collection of papers starts with a review of the concept of amenity. This book contains papers that discuss the economic roles of urban amenities and the resident’s site choice. This text also discusses the methods of amenity market analysis including assumptions of hedonic prices and residential location, the exogeneity issues, applications of the limited Box-Cox search, and the Hausman test. Several papers describe urban amenity markets considering options such as building heights, viewing, expressway noise, recreational centers, and neighborhood composition. This book also analyzes the market for regional amenities and covers subjects such as urban structure, wage rates, and migration. One paper shows that theoretically, differences in income and employment affect the control of amenities as these amenities in turn reflect “real utility differentials.” This book is suitable for urban and city planners, sociologists, economies, researchers and academicians involved in demographics, and environmentalists.

  • Personality and Arousal

    A Psychophysiological Study of Psychiatric Disorder
    • 1 Edición
    • Gordon S. Claridge
    • H. J. Eysenck
    • Inglés
    Experimental Psychology, Volume 4: Personality and Arousal: A Psychophysiological Study of Psychiatric Disorder describes a series of overlapping studies carried out over a number of years and using a very wide variety of experimental techniques in both neurotic and psychotic patients. This book is composed of nine chapters. The first five chapters are concerned with neurosis, especially with the detailed examination of Eysenck's theory of dysthymia-hysteria. The succeeding two chapters explore some exploratory studies of psychosis looked at from a similar psychophysiological viewpoint. The remaining chapters propose a theory of psychiatric disorder and some of the implications of this theory for the study of problems in the field of personality that are not directly tackled n previous chapters. This book will prove useful to psychologists, psychiatrists, and research workers who are interested in the field of personality.

  • The Determinants of Free Will

    A Psychological Analysis of Responsible, Adjustive Behavior
    • 1 Edición
    • James A. Easterbrook
    • David T. Lykken
    • Inglés
    The Determinants of Free Will: A Psychological Analysis of Responsible, Adjustive Behavior deals with the concept of personal adjustment as freedom of will and a personal responsibility. The book reviews the definitions, rationale, and general framework of concepts of free will, responsibility, and other terminologies. The text explains the determinants of free will; it also analyzes 1) educated intelligence and 2) efficacy as the determinants of mental health or proper personal adjustment. The text explains the philosophy of Kurt Goldstein and cites references to evidence pointing to the differences in thought among people who have forward-looking or situation-dependent behaviors. The issue of independence in a social context is also discussed. This topic includes the determinants of maladjustments and self-disciplined members of society. The text also examines motivation and informational independence through literature dealing with mechanisms of behavioral autonomy. The book also reviews the sharing of freedom and the limits to freedom of will. The text is suitable for psychologists, psychoanalysts, guidance counselors, child educators, and behavioral therapists.

  • Anxiety

    Current Trends in Theory and Research
    • 1 Edición
    • Charles D. Spielberger
    • Inglés
    Anxiety: Current Trends in Theory and Research, Volume I, seeks to facilitate a more comprehensive understanding of anxiety phenomena. This volume emerged from a symposium on Anxiety: Current Trends in Theory and Research held at Florida State University in the spring of 1970. The symposium brought together persons who have made important contributions to the understanding of anxiety phenomena and provided them with an opportunity to react to each other's ideas. One of the main goals of the symposium was to stimulate confrontation among opposing views with the expectation that this would, at least, provide clarification of terminology and eliminate the semantic confusion plaguing the field. The volume is organized into three parts. Part I presents an overview of the unique theoretical perspective and research objectives with which each contributor has approached the topic of anxiety. It also provides background information and historical perspective for the reader with limited familiarity with this area. Part II contains papers focusing on the nature and measurement of anxiety. Part III deals with the neurophysiological and biochemical aspects of anxiety. This work is intended primarily for psychologists and students of psychology, but it should be of interest to any behavioral or medical scientist concerned with a more comprehensive understanding of personality and psychopathology.

  • Covert Conditioning

    Pergamon General Psychology Series, Volume 81
    • 1 Edición
    • Dennis Upper + 1 más
    • Inglés
    Covert Conditioning deals with covert conditioning procedures, the rationale underlying their use, and their potential application (either singly or in combination) to a variety of clinical problems. Each procedure's most representative use in clinical practice is described, and results of experimental analogue studies as well as reports of promising breakthroughs in the application of covert conditioning techniques to new clinical problems are discussed. A broad range of target behaviors, clinical settings, and client populations is also examined. This book is comprised of 36 chapters and opens with an overview of the theoretical background of covert conditioning and evidence to support its basic underlying assumptions. Each of the next six chapters introduces one of the major covert conditioning techniques (covert sensitization, covert reinforcement, covert negative reinforcement, covert extinction, covert modeling, and covert response cost) and presents experimental analogue evidence (if available) of its efficacy. The use of each procedure in treating a number of clinical target behaviors is also discussed. The final section describes the clinical application of combinations of covert conditioning techniques to a variety of problems. This monograph will be a useful resource for psychologists and behavioral therapists.

  • Poverty and Policy in American History

    • 1 Edición
    • Michael B. Katz
    • Charles Tilly + 1 más
    • Inglés
    Poverty and Policy in American History is about people who needed help in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. It is about the ways in which the perception of poverty and other forms of dependence affected the development of public programs and the conduct of voluntary reform. It also about the ways in which people have written about welfare. The book contains three chapters and opens with a description of the life and death of a poor family in early twentieth-century Philadelphia based on case records. It attempts to show many of the themes in the lives of the poor through the close analysis of one extended example. The second chapter moves back in time and consists of four case studies drawn from the project's empirical research. The first case study takes up the history of a neglected institution, the poorhouse. The second case reports on a survey of the causes of pauperism undertaken by the New York Board of State Charities in the mid-1870s. The third case analyzes a sample of the seven special schedules of the 1880 U.S. census, which enumerated the ""defective, dependent, and delinquent"" population. The final case uses a register of tramps from various places in New York State during the mid-1870s to assess the relation between popular images of tramps and what appeared to be their actual characteristics. The third chapter uses the results of the project's research and other recent work on related topics to examine American historical writing about dependence as a field and offers a sympathetic critique.

  • Natural Hazards and Public Choice

    The State and Local Politics of Hazard Mitigation
    • 1 Edición
    • Peter H. Rossi + 2 más
    • Peter H. Rossi
    • Inglés
    Natural Hazards and Public Choice: The State and Local Politics of Hazard Mitigation presents a research project that emerged from a concern for estimating the balance of support versus opposition to prospective social policies that aim to reduce the risks of damage or injuries from major natural hazard events via the regulation of land use and establishment of building and occupancy standards in high-risk areas. The volume begins with an overview of the research project and the main findings. Separate chapters describe the study design; assess the views of politically influential people regarding the seriousness of natural hazards; measure the support for federal disaster policies; and consider public opinion on hazards-mitigation issues in California. Subsequent chapters cover the National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP); patterns of activity, influence, and power among key positions and groups in local communities with respect to issues involving disasters; and hazard mitigation activities at the state level.

  • Youth and History

    Tradition and Change in European Age Relations 1770–Present
    • 1 Edición
    • John R. Gillis
    • Charles Tilly + 1 más
    • Inglés
    Youth and History: Tradition and Change in European Age Relations 1770-Present deals with the patterns of behavior and styles that characterizes the youth in a particular period of time. Chapters in the book discuss such topics as the description of youth in preindustrial Europe; the emergence of separate working class and middle class traditions of youth and the conflict between these traditions, as it was institutionalized in the academic and extracurricular cultures of the early twentieth century; and the youth tradition in the volatile 1950s and 1960s. Psychologists, sociologists, and historians will find the book insightful.

  • The Basics of Cloud Computing

    Understanding the Fundamentals of Cloud Computing in Theory and Practice
    • 1 Edición
    • Derrick Rountree + 1 más
    • Inglés
    As part of the Syngress Basics series, The Basics of Cloud Computing provides readers with an overview of the cloud and how to implement cloud computing in their organizations. Cloud computing continues to grow in popularity, and while many people hear the term and use it in conversation, many are confused by it or unaware of what it really means. This book helps readers understand what the cloud is and how to work with it, even if it isn’t a part of their day-to-day responsibility. Authors Derrick Rountree and Ileana Castrillo explains the concepts of cloud computing in practical terms, helping readers understand how to leverage cloud services and provide value to their businesses through moving information to the cloud. The book will be presented as an introduction to the cloud, and reference will be made in the introduction to other Syngress cloud titles for readers who want to delve more deeply into the topic. This book gives readers a conceptual understanding and a framework for moving forward with cloud computing, as opposed to competing and related titles, which seek to be comprehensive guides to the cloud.

  • Social History and Social Policy

    • 1 Edición
    • David J. Rothman + 1 más
    • Inglés
    Social History and Social Policy is a collection of papers that explores the correlation of social history and social policy. Each article in the book are prepared by social historians, preoccupied in the study of the origins and structure of health systems, urban planning, schools, and pension programs, who seek to change the process of social policy formation. The book is divided into three sections. Part I serves as an introduction and provides the history of social institutions. The second part deals with the history of social problems, discussing public employee pension problems; policies on health care; and a few aspects of the history of criminal justice in the United States. The last part provides the uses of history in the making of social policy. The text will be a valuable source of insight for public administrators, politicians, policy makers, political leaders, and analysts.

  • School Organisation

    A New Synthesis
    • 1 Edición
    • T. I. Davies
    • Edmund King
    • Inglés
    School Organisation: A New Synthesis tackles the complexities of the time-table using techniques that are becoming normal in many fields of activity but offer fresh perspectives on school organization. This book examines the purely practical problem of putting into concrete terms of hours of teaching and use of staff the deeper decisions that rest on judgements of value and personality. This monograph is comprised of 14 chapters and opens with an overview of several possible approaches to the study of school organization. The discussion then turns to a perspective in which school organization appears as a process of grouping: a grouping of pupils into schools, into year groups in schools, into forms, into option groups, or into subject classes. Two fundamental concepts that pervade the whole complex of number relationships are described, namely, the notion of numerical value and the idea of pattern or form. Subsequent chapters focus on the use of notation as a thinking aid; the art of school organization; the laws of the curriculum; and the role of the administrator in school organization. This text will be of interest to students, educators, school administrators, and educational policymakers as well as those involved in the intricate practical tasks of school organization.

  • Status Enhancement and Fertility

    Reproductive Responses to Social Mobility and Educational Opportunity
    • 1 Edición
    • John D. Kasarda + 2 más
    • H. H. Winsborough
    • Inglés
    Status Enhancement and Fertility: Reproductive Responses to Social Mobility and Educational Opportunity provides a theoretical framework in which research findings on the socioeconomic determinants of fertility may be integrated. Starting with an introductory chapter on the substantive scope of the book, separate chapters provide a detailed review, appraisal, and synthesis of the complex research literature on social mobility and fertility; examine various statistical methodologies and suggest some fruitful avenues future research might pursue; and discuss the role of education in enhancing the status of women and the main intervening variables that link education to reproductive behavior. Subsequent chapters examines female labor force participation, the value of children, infant and child mortality, age at marriage and first birth, and family planning knowledge and practice. The final chapter discusses policy issues derived from models and assessments presented in the preceding chapters. This book may be used as an upper division or graduate level text in population courses.

  • Unit Workbook for Fundamentals of Psychology

    An Introduction
    • 1 Edición
    • Michael S. Gazzaniga + 2 más
    • Inglés

  • A Laboratory Introduction to Psychology

    • 1 Edición
    • John W. P. Ost + 2 más
    • Inglés
    A Laboratory Introduction to Psychology was written to acquaint the student with the concepts and methods of laboratory science as they apply to psychology. It is assumed that the laboratory course will follow or accompany a comprehensive course in introductory psychology which emphasizes scientific topics. The experiments have been related to journal articles and to sections of several popular textbooks so that students and instructors will have ready access to introductory material. This manual is limited to standard topics of experimental psychology, but includes some experiments that are relatively new. The topics discussed are grouped into in three main categories: Animal Behavior, Sensory Processes, and Human Behavior. Within each of these sections, the experiments are somewhat connected in shorter series. The Animal Behavior studies include one series consisting of conditioning, extinction, discrimination, and secondary reinforcement, and a second series on schedules of reinforcement and motivation. The experiments on Sensory Processes include some threshold measurements, and also a series of studies on perceived magnitude, adaptation level, and illusions. The experiments on Human Behavior include a series on learning and transfer, on short-term memory, and on two-person interactions.

  • Human Adaptation and Its Failures

    • 1 Edición
    • Leslie Phillips
    • Inglés
    Human Adaptation and its Failures focuses on the nature of psychopathology and its relation to normal behavior. The book first offers information on key concepts, including environmental factors in adaptation, nonadaptive behavior patterns, and a critique of approaches to normal and psychiatrically impaired behaviors. The text then surveys the development from biological organism to adult social being; social competence and societal expectations; and measurement of social competence. Topics include early experience and psychological development, social status as a way of life, social, moral, and intellectual development, and sex differences in social competence. The manuscript takes a look at social competence, adaptive potential, and psychological development and adaptive potential and adaptive failure. The publication also examines the definition and measurement of adaptive failure, conceptual issues in adaptive failure, and pathological behavior style and life-style. The text is a dependable reference for readers wanting to study human adaptation and its failures.

  • Cognitive Views of Human Motivation

    • 1 Edición
    • Bernard Weiner
    • Inglés
    Cognitive Views of Human Motivation contains papers that were first presented during a symposium at the annual convention of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS), held in San Francisco in February 1974. The book has five chapters and opens with a discussion of historical trends in cognition and motivation. This is followed by separate chapters on cognitive and coping processes in emotion, cognitive appraisals and transformations in self-control, an attributional model of achievement motivation, and cognitive control of action. The audiences for this book are psychologists and advanced undergraduate and graduate students interested in the areas of clinical, cognitive, motivation, and personality psychology. The book can serve as a main source of readings in courses on cognitive or motivational psychology and as a supplementary source for courses in clinical and personality psychology.

  • A History of Modern Psychology

    • 2 Edición
    • Duane Schultz
    • Inglés
    A History of Modern Psychology, Second Edition discusses the development and decline of schools of thought in modern psychology. The book presents the continuing refinement of the tools, techniques, and methods of psychology in order to achieve increased precision and objectivity. Chapters focus on relevant topics such as the beginning of the history of psychology; the philosophical and physiological influences on psychology; the details of various schools of thought in psychology; and the contemporary psychology of America and other countries. Undergraduate students of psychology and related fields will find the book invaluable in their pursuit of knowledge.

  • Local Provision of Public Services

    The Tiebout Model After Twenty-Five Years
    • 1 Edición
    • George R. Zodrow
    • Inglés
    Local Provision of Public Services: The Tiebout Model after Twenty-Five Years describes several theoretical and empirical branches of economic research related to Charles Tiebout's provocative hypothesis that consumer mobility and interjurisdictional competition result in an efficient allocation of resources to the local public sector. The book provides insights on the issues being considered in policy debates regarding the appropriate means of providing essential public services. Chapters in the book include an overview of the Tiebout model; income redistribution in a federal system; empirical relationships in the political economy of local public finance; and two conflicting views of the incidence of the property tax. Economists, local government leaders, and experts in public finance will find the book very insightful.

  • The Father of Child Care

    Life of William Cadogan (1711–1797)
    • 1 Edición
    • Dr Morwenna + 1 más
    • Inglés
    The Father of Child Care: Life of William Cadogan (1711-1797) highlights the life story and significant influence of William Cadogan in practical management of infants. This book is composed of 12 chapters, and begins with a brief introduction of William Cadogan’s early life and career. The subsequent chapters relate the turning point of his career, which was when he wrote the Essay upon Nursing and the Management of Children. This Essay is an important landmark in the history of infant management, naming William Cadogan as the Father of Childcare. The remaining chapters discuss Cadogan’s ideas on children management in various aspects of their life. These chapters also highlight Cadogan’s most widely acclaimed book entitled A Dissertation on the Gout and all Chronic Diseases jointly considered as proceeding from the Same Causes. What these Causes are and a Rational and Natural Method of Care proposed.

  • Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences

    • 1 Edición
    • Jacob Cohen
    • Inglés
    Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences, Revised Edition emphasizes the importance of statistical power analysis. This edition discusses the concepts and types of power analysis, t test for means, significance of a product moment rs, and differences between correlation coefficients. The test that a proportion is .50 and sign test, differences between proportions, and chi-square tests for goodness of fit and contingency tables are also elaborated. This text likewise covers the F tests of variance proportions in multiple regression/correlati... analysis and computational procedures. This publication is intended for behavioral and biosocial scientists who use statistical inference, but also serves as a supplementary textbook for intermediate level courses in applied statistics in behavioral/biosocial science.

  • Psychology of Sex

    The Biology of Sex—The Sexual Impulse in Youth—Sexual Deviation—The Erotic Symbolisms—Homosexuality—Marriage—The Art of Love
    • 5 Edición
    • Havelock Ellis
    • Inglés
    Psychology of Sex, Fifth Impression covers the psycho-physical processes of sex, their liability to disturbance, or their hygiene. This book is composed of eight chapters that focus on the normal phenomena of sex. After a brief introduction to the principles of sexual psychology, this book goes on dealing with the biological aspects of sex, the components of sexual impulse in youth, and the concept of sexual deviation and erotism. The remaining chapters explore other aspects of sexual psychology including homosexuality, sex satisfaction in marriage, and the so-called ""art of love"". This book is of value to psychologists, psychiatrists, parents, and the general public who are interested in the dynamic nature of the sexual impulse.

  • Trade, Policy, and International Adjustments

    • 1 Edición
    • Akira Takayama + 2 más
    • Inglés
    Trade, Policy, and International Adjustments covers the theoretical issues, macroeconomics, and mathematical methods in the field of international economics. The book summarizes and illustrates the various contributions to the field of international economics. The text presents studies on the issues in international trade and commercial policies; voluntary export restrictions; application of a geometric technique to a multidimensional problem concerning the Stolper-Samuelson theorem; the symmetry theorem between tariffs and quotas in the context of a monetary economy under flexible exchange rates; and application of the Hopf bifurcation theory to the theory of international capital mobility. Economists, teachers, and students of economics will find the book very insightful.

  • Survey Sampling and Measurement

    • 1 Edición
    • N. Krishnan Namboodiri
    • Inglés
    Survey Sampling and Measurement contains the invited papers presented at the Second Symposium on Survey Sampling held at Chapel Hill in April 1977. The volume is divided into seven parts. Part I makes a plea towards improving the quality of sample surveys via the creation of a computerized system of information on error estimates associated with the design and execution of surveys. It also suggests a realistic agenda for future work in survey sampling practice and theory. Part II contains papers dealing with specific methodological problems. Part III examines selected problems of analysis of survey data. The papers in Part IV deal with nonresponse, undercoverage, and related problems. Part V focuses on time series analysis. Part VI discusses applications of sample survey data and methods. Part VII addresses the gap between current survey practices and recent theoretical developments. It is hoped that this volume will be of interest to survey statisticians as well as to survey data users. If it stimulates thoughtful and courageous attack on some of the unresolved problems in survey sampling, its mission will have been amply fulfilled

  • Going North

    Migration of Blacks and Whites from the South, 1900—1950
    • 1 Edición
    • Neil Fligstein
    • Peter H. Rossi
    • Inglés
    Going North: Migration of Blacks and Whites from the South, 1900—1950 discusses the historical, demographic, sociological, and economic reasons for black and white migrations. The book explains the transition from a rural, extractive economy to an urban, industrial and service economy, with emphasis on the effects on the Southern rural population. After the Civil War, emerging business concerns became politically and economically significant, making the South a source for needed resources. 1930 was a defining year. Before 1930, migration reflected the growth and contraction of cotton agriculture in the South. After 1930, the transition from a tenant, labor-intensive cotton agriculture economy to a capitalist machine-driven economy caused the black and white migration to the north. American development was not a simple process—it shows how northern business interests defeated southern planters. This transformation has created a permanent underclass in society that can be found in the cities of the South, North, and Midwest regions of America today. Sociologists, economists, academicians doing sociological research, and students of U.S. history can benefit from reading the book.

  • Readings and Exercises in Organizational Behavior

    • 1 Edición
    • Jane W. Gibson + 1 más
    • Inglés
    Reading and Exercises in Organizational Behavior covers readings and exercises on organizational behavior. The book presents articles on organizational behavior foundations, individual behavior in organizations, as well as group behavior in organizations. The text also includes articles on organizational design, job design, and the effects of job stress on performance. Articles on organizational processes dealing with decision making, communication, and performance appraisal are also considered. The book concludes by demonstrating articles on the nature and scope of organizational effectiveness, including topics on organizational climate, organizational change, and organizational development. Behavioral psychologists and students taking organizational behavior courses will find the text invaluable.

  • Money, Work, and Crime

    Experimental Evidence
    • 1 Edición
    • Peter H. Rossi + 2 más
    • Inglés
    Money, Work, and Crime: Experimental Evidence presents the complete details of the Department of Labor’s $3.4 million Transitional Aid Research Project (TARP), a large-scale field experiment which attempted to reduce recidivism on the part of ex-felons. Beginning in January 1976, some prisoners released from state institutions in Texas and Georgia were offered financial aid for periods of up to six months post-release. Payments were made in the form of Unemployment Insurance benefits. The ex-prisoners who were eligible for payments were compared with control groups released at the same time from the same institutions. The control groups were not eligible for benefits. The assumption that modest levels of financial help would ease the transition from prison life to civilian life was partially supported. Ex-prisoners who received financial aid under TARP had lower rearrest rates than their counterparts who did not receive benefits and worked comparable periods of time. Those receiving financial aid were also able to obtain better-paying jobs than the controls. However, ex-prisoners receiving benefits took longer to find jobs than those who did not receive benefits. The TARP experiment makes a strong contribution both to an important policy area—the reduction of crime through reducing recidivism—and to the further development of the field and experiment as a policy research instrument.

  • Fears and Phobias

    • 1 Edición
    • Isaac M. Marks
    • Inglés
    Fears and Phobias reviews and synthesizes the different viewpoints of learning theory, psychoanalysis, ethology, and clinical psychiatry with regards to fears and phobias. The causes and treatment of phobias are examined, with due regard for relevant biological and psychological issues. Topics covered range from the etiology of fear to clinical syndromes such as agoraphobic syndrome, animal phobias, social phobias, illness phobias, and obsessive phobias. Comprised of four chapters, this book begins with an overview of the historical aspects of phobias and the components of phobias, followed by a discussion on the etiology of fear. Experimental studies on fear that focus on innateness, maturation, and learning are examined, together with genetic aspects of timidity; the kinds of situations that are feared; and the physiology and learning of fear. The next chapter deals with clinical syndromes and the classification of phobic disorders such as the agoraphobic syndrome, specific animal phobias, and social phobias, along with illness phobias, obsessive phobias, autonomic equivalents to phobic disorders, and children's fears and phobias. The final chapter is devoted to prevention and treatment of phobias, including desensitization, and psychiatric management of phobic patients. This monograph will be of interest to psychiatrists and psychologists.

  • Experimental Social Psychology

    Text with Illustrative Readings
    • 1 Edición
    • Chester A. Insko + 1 más
    • Inglés
    Experimental Social Psychology: Text with Illustrative Readings represents a new approach to undergraduate social psychology by combining both text and readings. This book grew out of the authors’ laborious and yet rewarding collaboration as associate editors of the Journal of Experimental Social Psychology. The book is organized into three parts that cover the three overlapping categories of social psychology: attitude and belief change, interpersonal processes, and small groups. The investigation of attitude and belief change typically involves the persuasive impact produced by a written or orally presented communication when directed at a person. The area of interpersonal processes typically involves two people, puts greater emphasis upon the interactive nature of social relations, and is not restricted to just certain effects such as attitude or belief change. The study of interpersonal processes includes person perception, interpersonal attraction, conformity, conflict resolution, norm formation, etc. The area of small groups includes the study of groups varying in size between two and the number beyond which face-to-face interaction among all the members does not, or cannot easily, occur. Included within this category is the study of leadership, status, group decision-making, etc.

  • Workplace Security Playbook

    The New Manager's Guide to Security Risk
    • 1 Edición
    • Bob Hayes
    • Inglés
    Workplace Security Playbook: The New Manager’s Guide to Security Risk is a set of comprehensive risk management guidelines for companies that have other business functions coordinating security. When an employee without a security background is charged with the protection of people, facilities, or assets, the Workplace Security Playbook can be his or her go-to resource for security procedures and recommendations. Business risks are not static: They change and grow as a company changes and grows. New technology, increasing business competition, and social and cultural developments all contribute to new security risks and trends. With this in mind, the Workplace Security Playbook focuses on performance guidelines, rather than prescriptive standards. Using performance guidelines helps assess the individual, changing business and security needs that a manager may face. The easily implementable recommendations included in this book are categorized by issues. In addition to security performance guidelines, topics include the elements of a facility security program, how to conduct security surveys and validation testing, steps for performing workplace investigations and inspections, and procedures for emergency and special security situations. An entire chapter is dedicated to describing the resources available to a new security manager, and another provides an outline for building a customized reference source of local security information. The Workplace Security Playbook is a part of Elsevier’s Security Executive Council Risk Management Portfolio, a collection of real world solutions and "how-to" guidelines that equip executives, practitioners, and educators with proven information for successful security and risk management programs.

  • The Limits of Government Regulation

    • 1 Edición
    • James F. Gatti
    • Inglés
    The Limits of Government Regulation is a collection of essays from a symposium conducted at the University of Vermont dealing with the subject of government intervention to business activities. This collection examines the effects of excessive governmental regulation on business and economic activities. The writers are of one belief that a laissez-faire approach is not the optimal solution; rather government policies that are shaped and implemented do not consider existing market forces. Instead of formulating policies that should be harmonious and congruent to these market forces, government regulations drastically alter or repeal them. One paper analyzes the damage done by an English activist government to a society, as well as Prime Minister Thatcher's chances of introducing effective reforms. The book also presents a study by six regulatory bodies on 48 firms. This study evaluates the additional costs spent by business arising from compliance with regulations issued by the six agencies. Other papers propose that regulatory reforms are possible through industrial revitalization and national planning. This book can be appreciated by economists, ministers of economic planning and development, heads of business organization, as well as general readers interested in government regulatory procedures.

  • Resources Society and the Future

    • 1 Edición
    • Sam Stuart
    • Inglés

  • Über Deutschland

    A Reader on German Affairs
    • 1 Edición
    • C. H. Moore
    • W. D. Halls + 1 más
    • Inglés
    Uber Deutschland: A Reader on German Affairs is a collection of articles and essays from various German sources that can be used by students learning the German language. The book contains a variety of extracts from public speeches, official reports, essays, newspaper articles, and interviews. The text offers general knowledge and information on German affairs and public life. These subjects of interests cover the social, political, legal, economic, and cultural scene in the German republic. Some chapters contain English sentences that the student can use as an exercise in translating to German. Each of the chapters includes a vocabulary list, while an appendix at the end of the book contains a wider word list. The book also presents a general view of the structure of government of Germany. The selection can be used by students learning advanced German. The text is designed to build the student's vocabulary and give him a balanced perspective of German affairs.

  • Law and Order in Historical Perspective

    The Case of Elizabethan Essex
    • 1 Edición
    • Joel Samaha
    • Charles Tilly + 1 más
    • Inglés
    Law and Order in Historical Perspective: The Case of Elizabethan Essex presents a brief description of what happened in the 16th-century criminal justice system from the commission of a felony until the disposition of the case occurred. This book discusses how criminal law actually operated in a community and how the system of the criminal justice was administered. Organized into two parts encompassing four chapters, this book begins with an overview of the statistics of crime and criminals in 16th-century England. This text then examines the law-enforcement machinery in Essex. Other chapters consider how officials view law, which determines the procedures they follow in executing it. This book discusses as well the institutional effectiveness of courts. The final chapter deals with reconstructing the system of criminal justice in Elizabethan Essex. This book is a valuable resource for historians. Students and readers who are connected professionally to the law will also find this book useful.

  • Attitudes, Conflict, and Social Change

    • 1 Edición
    • Bert T. King + 1 más
    • Inglés
    Attitudes, Conflict, and Social Change is based on a symposium on attitudes, social change, and intergroup conflict conducted on the University of Maryland campus. The book focuses on the following interrelated topics and issues: (1) The concepts of "attitude" and "attitude change" as they are used in psychological, sociological, and political science research. (2) How people change their attitudes and behavior in response to technological change and broad social currents as well as to specific persuasive communications delivered via the mass media or within an organization or a small group. (3) The role of attitudes and their modification in social change. (4) The role of attitudes in the genesis, the processes, and the outcomes of intergroup conflict at the level of the organization, at different societal levels, and at the international level. (5) The perplexing problems involved in determining how attitudes and overt behavior relate to each other. (6) Relationships between theories of attitude change and action programs designed to change attitudes in various social, cultural, ethnic, and national groups. (7) Relationships between laboratory experiments and field research involving attitude change. (8) The directions that future attitude research might take in order to be most productive with respect to both theory development and applications.

  • Studies in American Historical Demography

    Studies in Population
    • 1 Edición
    • Maris A. Vinovskis
    • Inglés
    Studies in American Historical Demography is a collection of the best studies in American historical demography. The book discusses some methodological and conceptual considerations in the trends in American historical demography; the demographic history of colonial New England; and the marital migration in Essex County, Massachusetts, in the colonial and early federal periods. The text also describes the historical trends in parental power and marriage patterns in Hingham, Massachusetts; the use of demographic data that are, or may be, retrieved from colonial New England gravestones; and the mortality rates and trends in Massachusetts, Massachusetts. The estimates of the vital rates of the United States black population during the 19th century; the two-parent household; as well as the differential fertility in Madison County, New York, 1865 are also considered. The book further tackles the socioeconomic determinants of interstate fertility differentials in the United States in 1850 and 1860; cohorts of native born Massachusetts women, 1830-1920; and the demographic change and the life cycle of American families. Historians, demographers, anthropologists, economists, and sociologists will find the book invaluable.

  • Multinational Cooperation for Development in West Africa

    Pergamon Policy Studies
    • 1 Edición
    • John P. Renninger
    • Inglés
    Multinational Cooperation for Development in West Africa discusses the obstacles and prospects of organizations that were formed to facilitate considerable cooperation in the developing countries of West Africa. The book describes and analyzes the cooperation movement and the United Nations system and role in fostering the process of cooperation in West Africa. A brief overview of West African characteristics; trends and analysis of development; history of the cooperation movement; issues regarding cooperation in West Africa; potentialities of the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS); and the impact of the United Nations on the growth of cooperation in the subregion are elucidated in the text. Students of international studies, researchers, economists, sociologists, political leaders of the West African region, and the staff of United Nations agencies will find this book invaluable.

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