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Elsevier

Libros en Toxicología

  • Clinical Pharmacology

    Proceedings of the 7th International Congress of Pharmacology, Paris 1978
    • 1 Edición
    • P. Duchêne-Marullaz + 2 más
    • Inglés
    Clinical Pharmacology provides a detailed discussion on toxicology. This discussion includes the chemotherapy of parasitic diseases. Some parts of the book focus on topics on immunopharmacology. Such topic as the genetic and environmental factors that contribute to individual’s varying response to drugs is explained. The book covers such topics as the methods and models for the isoniazid acetylation polymorphism. The issues that arise in the administration of drugs in the neonatal period are assessed. Another topic of interest is the effects of diseases on the absorption of drugs. The pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic characteristics of a drug are evaluated. The pharmacogenetic investigation amobarbital disposition is presented completely. The book then presents the use and consumption of drugs in different locations and some clinical considerations. The procedures and methods of analysis for such drug are also reviewed . The book can serve as a valuable tool for pharmacists, medical doctors, pediatricians, students, and researchers in the field of medicine.

  • Pharmacology for Student and Pupil Nurses and Student Pharmacy Technicians

    • 1 Edición
    • Bernard R. Jones
    • Inglés
    Pharmacology for Student and Pupil Nurses and Student Pharmacy Technicians is based on lectures presented to nurses in training for the State Registration and State Enrollment Examinations and to Students in Dispensing. The book presents an account of drugs that are in use or are very likely to be used. The text includes description of drug administration; antacids, gastric sedatives, laxatives, antidiarrheal, and diuretics are discussed in detail. The intravenous infusions, cardiovascular drugs, anti-anemics, hemostatics, and anticoagulants are described as to their effects and functions. A brief anatomy of the human circulatory process is presented. The next types of drugs discussed are those that target the respiratory system — expectorants and cough sedatives. The effects of sedatives, stimulants, analgesics, and anesthesia on the nervous system are discussed in detail. Antibiotics, drugs combating infection, tropical diseases, sera, and vaccines as prophylactic and therapeutic remedies are explained. Other drugs, such as antiseptic and disinfectants, drugs used in endoctrine therapy and malignant diseases, as well as drugs that are locally applied and those used in diagnosis are explained. The process of ordering, storage, and administration of drugs; calculations used in determining safe dosages; and the poisons regulations concerning dangerous and potentially harmful drugs are covered in detail. Pharmacists, student pharmacy technicians, professors of pharmacology, practitioners of general medicines, and specialists with interests in drug therapy will find this reference valuable.

  • Screening Methods in Pharmacology

    • 1 Edición
    • Robert Turner
    • Inglés
    Screening Methods in Pharmacology focuses on the methods for screening substances for pharmacological activities and discussions of organization of screening programs. The manuscript first offers information on the biochemistry of the nervous system and organization of screening, as well as mechanisms of drug effects within the autonomic system; mechanisms within the parasympathetic and symphatetic systems; and neuropharmacological tests in blind screening. The book also takes a look at general and quantal responses. The publication reviews depressants of the central nervous system and ataractic (tranquillizing, neuroleptic) agents. Topics include natatory exhaustion, motor deficit, righting reflex, pentylenetetrazol (metrazol) antagonism, head-withdrawal reflex, and avoidance of electrical shock. The book also ponders on analgesics and oxytoxic, antiserotonin, and anti-inflammatory agents. Discussions focus on narcotic and nonnarcotic analgesics, erythema, inhibition of ascites, and pleural fluid. The manuscript is a valuable reference for readers interested in the screening methods in pharmacology.

  • Biochemical and Pharmacological Roles of Adenosylmethionine and the Central Nervous System

    Proceedings of an International Round Table on Adenosylmethionine and the Central Nervous System, Naples, Italy, May 1978
    • 1 Edición
    • Vincenzo Zappia + 2 más
    • Inglés
    Biochemical and Pharmacological Roles of Adenosylmethionine and the Central Nervous System contains the proceedings of an International Round Table on Adenosylmethionine and the Central Nervous System held in Naples, Italy, on May 2, 1978. The papers explore the biochemical and pharmacological roles of S-adenosylmethionine (SAM), with particular emphasis on its functions in the central nervous system (CNS). This book consists of 13 chapters and opens with an introduction to some novel biochemical aspects of SAM and related sulfur compounds, paying particular attention to transmethylation reactions; polyamine biosynthesis and unusual biological roles of adenosylmethionine; metabolic pathways related to adenosine-sulfur compounds; and transport of adenosylmethionine. The following chapters discuss a number of chemical and biochemical properties of SAM as well as its pharmacological aspects within the CNS. The relation between folate and adenosylmethionine metabolism in the brain is examined, along with the effect of SAM administration on noradrenaline and serotonin metabolism in rat brain; cerebral utilization of adenosylmethionine and adenosylhomocysteine... and antidepressant effects of adenosylmethionine. Methylation in schizophrenia is also considered. This monograph will be a valuable source of information for biochemists and pharmacologists.

  • CNS and Behavioural Pharmacology

    Proceedings of the Sixth International Congress of Pharmacology
    • 1 Edición
    • M. Airaksinen
    • Inglés
    CNS and Behavioural Pharmacology is the third volume of the proceedings of the Sixth International Congress of Pharmacology, organized by the Finnish Pharmacological Society and held in Helsinki, Finland, on July 20-25, 1975. Contributors focus on the findings concerning the central nervous system (CNS) and on the developments in behavioral pharmacology and related areas of research. This volume has 33 chapters divided into five sections. After discussing the application of psychopharmacology to the conservation of wild animals such as ungulates, this book turns its attention to alcohol dependence and the interactions between neurotransmitters and the hypothalamic releasing hormones. The reader is methodically introduced to the pharmacology of emotive behavior, with emphasis on drug effects in mental and emotional disorders as well as the action of psychotropic drugs on emotions, motivations, and social behavior of animals. The final section is devoted to the pharmacological aspects of the cerebrospinal fluid-transport system. This section covers topics such as the metabolism of biogenic amines in the human CNS; the importance of dopamine metabolism for the clinical effects and side effects of neuroleptics; and composite transport systems for organic acids and bases in choroid plexus. This book will be of interest to scientists representing all the major areas of pharmacology, including clinical pharmacology and toxicology, as well as to internists, psychiatrists, neurologists, and anesthesiologists.

  • Drugs in Cerebral Palsy

    Based on a Symposium Held at Dallas, 24-26 November, 1963
    • 1 Edición
    • Eric Denhoff + 2 más
    • Eric Denhoff
    • Inglés
    Clinics in Developmental Medicine No. 16: Drugs in Cerebral Palsy: Based on a Symposium held at Dallas, 24-26 November, 1963 is a collection of papers of the 1963 Symposium on Drugs in Cerebral Palsy, arranged by the American Academy. This book is composed of nine chapters that cover the various components and treatment options involved in cerebral palsy. This text begins with a presentation of the many problems of drug evaluation, with an emphasis on the issue that human responses to a drug cannot be predicted from those of animals and that the response of one human to a drug may differ quite sharply from that of another. The next chapters deal with the historical developments and pharmacology of drugs in cerebral palsy, as well as the two aspects of drug evaluation, namely, the immediate or direct effects of the drug on patients and the double-blind test. The discussion the shifts to the pharmacological capacity of muscle relaxants and anti-convulsant drugs. The last chapter considers the possible toxic drug reactions, which are the result of individual idiosyncrasy and may occur regardless of drug dosage. This book will be of value to pharmacologists, neurologists, clinicians, and researchers who are interested in drug evaluation in cerebral palsy.

  • Routes of Drug Administration

    Topics in Pharmacy
    • 1 Edición
    • A. T. Florence + 1 más
    • Inglés
    Routes of Drug Administration covers topics about parenteral and enteral routes of drug administration. The book discusses the anatomy and physiology of administration sites; the formulation and design of delivery systems; and other relevant aspects of biopharmaceutics. The text describes pulmonary delivery, nasal, buccal, and transdermal routes of administration for systemic delivery, as well as a number of systems for more localized therapy with antibiotics. Innovative methods of antibiotic administration, such as continuous and intermittent infusion, endotracheal installation, aerosol delivery, antibiotic-impregnat... catheters, antibiotic-containin... bone cement, and beads, are also considered. Senior undergraduate and postgraduate students in pharmacy, medicine, nursing and allied health sciences and practitioners in these fields, as well as other professionals concerned with the preparation and administration of medicines and the monitoring of drug therapy will find the book useful.

  • Opiate Receptors and the Neurochemical Correlates of Pain

    Proceedings of the 3rd Congress of the Hungarian Pharmacological Society, Budapest, 1979
    • 1 Edición
    • Susanna Fürst
    • Inglés
    Opiate Receptors and the Neurochemical Correlates of Pain, Volume V, documents the proceedings of the 3rd Congress of the Hungarian Pharmacological Society held in Budapest, 1979. The congress offered a good opportunity to stimulate discussions and exchange of ideas between scientists from various countries who approach the problem of narcotics and pain mechanisms in different ways. The 27 contributions in this volume have enriched knowledge in this rapidly expanding field of pharmacology. This volume begins with a discussion of opiate receptors. The results suggest the interaction of various morphine-like drugs with different opiate receptor populations. The existence in nerve tissue of specific opiate receptors binding morphine and other opioids has led to the assumption of endogenous ligand for opiate receptors. One section of the present volume is devoted to enkephalins and endorphins, their structure-activity relationships, interactions with transmitter and other systems, their behavioral effects, and to factors controlling their release. Some other aspects of nociception; the pathways involved in the mode of action of different types of analgesics, e.g. narcotics and non-narcotics; and their relations to inflammation and active substances, such as prostaglandins and substance P, are discussed from various aspects.

  • Advances in Drug Research

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 20
    • Bernard Testa
    • Inglés
    Advances in Drug Research, Volume 20 focuses on the general themes of drug research and description of specific drug classes. This book is divided into four chapters. Chapter 1 discusses the extrapolation of toxicological and pharmacological data from animals to humans. The second chapter deals with the tissue binding of drugs, considering the relative ponderal importance of tissue versus blood macromolecules. The therapeutic use of plants and consumption of medicinal plants are elaborated in Chapter 3. The last chapter covers the field of histaminergic agonists and antagonists, describing breakthroughs such as H2-receptor antagonists, non-sedating H1-receptor antagonists, and H3-receptors. This publication is valuable to drug researchers and students interested in advances in drugs.

  • Adverse Reactions to Drugs

    • 2 Edición
    • O. L. Wade + 1 más
    • Inglés
    Adverse Reactions to Drugs, Second Edition focuses on the problems posed by the adverse responses to drugs, as well as drug interactions, dosage, and drug metabolism. The publication first tackles adverse reactions and factors which predispose to adverse drug reactions. Topics include dose adjustment, overdose, renal failure, cumulation, side effects, drug allergy, cumulative overdose, and delayed effects. The text then ponders on drug interactions, including renal excretion, drug metabolism, mutual toxicity, and interactions affecting transport to site of action. The manuscript examines adverse reactions in dental practice, drugs used in pregnancy, the neonate, and lactation, and problems for the pharmaceutical industry before marketing a new drug. Discussions focus on ethical problems of drug studies in man, pregnancy, hemorrhage, oxygen toxicity, chloramphenicol, drugs and lactation, drugs used in dental practice, and local anesthetics. The book then elaborates on monitoring adverse reactions to drugs and the therapeutic audit and drug regulatory bodies and their problems. The publication is a valuable source of data for doctors and dentists wanting to focus on research on the adverse reaction to drugs.

  • Monographs on Fragrance Raw Materials

    A Collection of Monographs Originally Appearing in Food and Cosmetics Toxicology
    • 1 Edición
    • D. L. J. Opdyke
    • Inglés
    Monographs on Fragrance Raw Materials contains a collection of monographs originally appearing in Food and Cosmetics Toxicology from the first issues in 1973 to the last ones in 1978. The monographs are organized in alphabetical order, as a regular feature of Food and Cosmetics Toxicology. This monograph will prove valuable to many readers of Food and Cosmetics Toxicology, as well as to the wider community of scientists and interested consumers.

  • Presystemic Drug Elimination

    Butterworths International Medical Reviews: Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics
    • 1 Edición
    • Charles F. George + 1 más
    • Inglés
    Butterworths International Medical Reviews, Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics 1: Presystemic Drug Elimination explores the principles of presystemic drug metabolism in human based on animal studies. This book is divided into four sections encompassing 10 chapters that specifically describe the extent of metabolism occurring in the gastrointestinal tract, liver, and lung. Section 1 focuses on presystemic elimination by the gastrointestinal tract. This section discusses the enzymatic biotransformation in the gastrointestinal mucosa and the ability of the microflora to metabolize drugs. Section 2 considers the contribution of the liver to presystemic drug elimination, with a particular emphasis on the physiological factors, which determine the rate of breakdown of drugs in vivo. This section also deals with the effects of hepatic cirrhosis on presystemic drug elimination. Section 3 presents first a brief outline of the knowledge of pulmonary structure and relevant physiology, followed by a discussion on “first-pass” metabolism of endogenous substrates and drugs across the pulmonary circulation and of environmental chemicals after inhalation. This section also provides the methods for distinguishing between the contribution of the various sites to presystemic drug elimination and the problems associated with attempts to analyze available pharmacokinetic data. This work is an ideal source for clinical pharmacologists and researchers.

  • Drug Therapy During Pregnancy

    • 1 Edición
    • Tom K. A. B. Eskes + 1 más
    • Inglés
    Drug Therapy During Pregnancy is a collection of papers dealing with the risks and benefits of drug treatment for both mother and fetus. One paper notes that the total use of medication during pregnancy in the Netherlands has decreased from 82.7 % to 71.7 %. The paper also points out the lack of a relationship between the number or type of congenital anomalies and the use of medication. Another paper assesses fetal drug exposure in two ways: firstly, through the physicochemical characteristics of the drug and the way it is handled by the mother in order to estimate placental passage and fetal exposure. Secondly, through the utilization of pharmacokinetic models estimating the probable time course of drug concentrations in the feto-maternal unit. One paper investigates the effects of hypertension during pregnancy, in which the etiology of hypertension, a group of disorders with one common abnormality, remains unsolved with a clinical diagnosis that is not always accurate. Treatment differs widely depending on the type: chronic hypertension, albuminuric hypertension, and hypertensive crises during pregnancy. One paper suggests that to prove any environmental exposure to a particular substance affecting pregnancy, the exact timing of exposure must be established, large samples are necessary, possibly on a national or international scale. The paper cites as example the four-year documentation period of the 50% to 80% incidence of malformations due to thalidomide. General medicine practitioners, obstetricians, gynecologists, and researchers dealing with pharmacology, pharmocokinetics, toxicology, or embryology will find the collection valuable.

  • Metabolic Activation and Toxicity of Chemical Agents to Lung Tissue and Cells

    • 1 Edición
    • T.E. Gram
    • Inglés
    Research has shown that the lung is capable of metabolically activating xenobiotics into intermediates that can covalently bind to pulmonary tissue. Further, it has been shown that the lung consists of many distinct cell types with the ability to take up and sequester metabolically unchanged drugs and chemicals that are ultimately toxic in effect. This volume reflects the extent of these developments and provides a state-of-the art reference in a rapidly evolving field incorporating both drug metabolism and pulmonary toxicology research.

  • Aspirin and the Salicylates

    • 1 Edición
    • K. D. Rainsford
    • Inglés
    Aspirin and the Salicylates focuses principally on aspirin. Topics ranging from analytical chemistry and pediatric medicine, taxonomy and cartels, enzymology and toxicity, to renal functions and rheumatology are also included in this compilation. This book emphasizes that salicylates are polycompetent drugs that influence a large number and variety of biological processes. Their multifactorial actions, in relation to the known therapeutic and toxic effects are clearly described. This text likewise provides a refreshing multidisciplinary approach to aspirins that cover the whole extent from chemical to clinical aspects. This publication is a good reference for clinicians, pharmacists, and students intending to acquire general knowledge of the aspirin and salicylates.

  • Drug Design

    Medicinal Chemistry: A Series of Monographs, Vol. 8
    • 1 Edición
    • E. J. Ariëns
    • Inglés
    Drug Design, Volume VIII covers a critical review and new extensions of quantitative methods in drug design, the design of particular types of agents, such as synthetic sweeteners, and selective ion binding compounds. The book discusses the advances in the methodology of quantitative drug design; the application of pattern recognition to drug design; and the design of controlled drug delivery systems. The text also describes the use of receptor binding as a tool in the development of new bioactive steroids; the design of synthetic sweeteners; and the prospective assessment of environmental effects of chemicals. The design of selective ion binding macrocyclic compounds and their biological applications are also encompassed. Chemists, pharmacologists, biochemists, and people involved in drug design and manufacture will find the book invaluable.

  • Bacterial Endotoxins

    A Comprehensive Treatise
    • 1 Edición
    • George Weinbaum + 2 más
    • Inglés
    Microbial Toxins, Volume IV: Bacterial Endotoxins covers a general introduction of bacterial endotoxins, as well as research concerning structure (both morphological and physical), chemistry, immunology, biosynthesis, and genetics of bacterial endotoxins. The book describes the general characteristics of bacterial endotoxins; the anatomy and chemistry of Gram-negative cell envelopes; and the physical structure of bacterial lipopolysaccharides. The text also discusses the isolation and chemical and immunological characterization of bacterial lipopolysaccharides; the chemistry of the unique carbohydrates of bacterial lipopolysaccharides; and the relation of bacteriophage attachment to lipopolysaccharide structure. The chemical and biological heterogeneity of endotoxins, as well as the biosynthesis of the core region of lipopolysaccharide are also considered. The book further tackles the biosynthesis of O-antigens and the genetic aspects of biosynthesis and structure of Salmonella lipopolysaccharide. Microbiologists, biochemists, bacteriologists, immunologists, and people involved in biochemical research will find the book useful.

  • Pharmacology of Neuromuscular Function

    • 2 Edición
    • William C. Bowman
    • Inglés
    Pharmacology of Neuromuscular Function, Second Edition provides information pertinent to drugs that affect membrane potentials of the conduction of action potentials in nerve endings and muscle fibers. This book reviews, in a general way, some of the properties of excitable membranes. Organized into seven chapters, this edition begins with an overview of innervation of striated muscles by somatic efferent nerve fibers. This text then explains the transmission from nerve to muscle, which is mediated by acetylcholine that is synthesized and stored in the axon terminals. Other chapters consider the different steps in the transmission process that occur in the nerve endings, which may be modified by the actions of drugs and toxins. This book discusses as well the primary action of neuromuscular-blocki... agents. The final chapter deals with the cytoplasm of a muscle cell or fiber that contains all the usual subcellular organelles, including mitochondria and nuclei. This book is a valuable resource for pharmacologists and anesthetists.

  • Drug Design

    Medicinal Chemistry: A Series of Monographs, Vol. 6
    • 1 Edición
    • E. J. Ariëns
    • Inglés
    Drug Design, Volume VI covers practical approaches to the development of bioactive compounds, with focus on antiradiation agents, organ-imaging radiopharmaceuticals... X-ray contrast media, proteinase inhibitors, and pesticide formulations. The book discusses the chemical routes available for the synthesis of diphenhydramine derivatives, the biological activities, the relationships between structure and activity, and the phase of manipulation in the design of diphenhydramine derivatives. The text also describes the design of antiradiation agents, organ-imaging radiopharmaceuticals... and X-ray contrast media, as well as the rational approach to proteinase inhibitors. The chemical and physical methods of formulation of agricultural pesticides are also encompassed. Chemists, biochemists, pharmacologists, and people involved in drug design and manufacture will find the book invaluable.

  • Drugs and Youth: The Challenge of Today

    • 1 Edición
    • Ernest Harms
    • Inglés
    Drugs and Youth: The Challenge of Today mainly focuses on the issue of drug addiction in youth and on how to bring this issue to the knowledge of the concerned sectors. This text first discusses the effects on the fetus and newborn of drug abuse in pregnancy. This book then explains the major drugs adolescents and young adults take, including solvents wherein a survey related to this is also presented in this publication. The effects of these drugs, such as physical and mental illnesses, are also tackled. This text also looks into the approaches in the treatment of adolescent drug addicts, including the withdrawal syndrome, group therapy, and psychotherapy. This book concludes by explaining the religious problematic and aftercare problems with the juvenile drug addict. This publication will be invaluable to medical practitioners, sociologists, social workers, ministers, and students doing a research on drug addiction in youth.

  • Evaluating Alcohol and Drug Abuse Treatment Effectiveness

    Recent Advances
    • 1 Edición
    • Linda Carter Sobell + 2 más
    • Inglés
    Evaluating Alcohol and Drug Abuse Treatment Effectiveness: Recent Advances is a collection of papers that covers the advancement in rehabilitation of individuals with a history of substance abuse. The title aims to find ways in identifying the treatment that best fits a specific patient. The text first provides a historical account of alcohol and drug treatment outcome research. Next, the selection considers the use of multiple measures of life health to assess alcohol treatment. Chapter 3 deals with the behavioral assessment and treatment evaluation of narcotic addiction, while Chapter 4 talks about the evaluation of behavioral and traditional treatment of alcoholics. The fifth chapter tackles the contingency contracting with drug abusers, and the sixth chapter covers the development of a prototype for the evaluation of alcohol treatment. The text also details the problems in alcohol treatment along with the improvement of confidence in treatment of substance abuse. The book will be of great use to behavioral scientists, social workers, and mental health specialists.

  • Drug Design

    Medicinal Chemistry: A Series of Monographs, Vol. 7
    • 1 Edición
    • E. J. Ariëns
    • Inglés
    Drug Design, Volume VII covers the design of agents such as blood substitutes, pesticides derived from insect pheromones, and herbicides related to the auxin-type plant hormones. The book discusses the design of artificial blood substitutes and auxin-type herbicides; the use of insect pheromones as a basis for the development of more effective selective pest control agents; and the development and application of new steric substituent parameters in drug design. The text also describes the use of computer technology in drug design. Pharmacologists, chemists, biochemists, and people involved in drug design and manufacture will find the book invaluable.

  • Neonatal Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics

    • 1 Edición
    • George Rylance + 2 más
    • Inglés
    Neonatal Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics covers the significant advances in clinical pharmacology and the principles of neonatal therapeutics. This book is composed of 20 chapters that tackle various neonatal diseases and their corresponding therapeutic options. The opening chapters review the pharmacological principles and kinetics, placental drug transfer, and drug therapy in pregnancy. The next chapters consider the other aspects of clinical pharmacology, including tocolytics, oxytocin, maternal drug use, neonatal withdrawal, prophylaxis, and the effect of material analgesia and anesthetics on newborn. Considerable chapters are devoted to the treatment options of neonatal diseases, including apnea, pulmonary and systemic disorders, cardiac diseases, jaundice, hypoglycemia, and nutrient deficiencies. The remaining chapters discuss other therapeutic options, such as blood cell component therapy, the use of analgesia and muscle relaxants, and parenteral nutrition. This book is intended primarily for all doctors who care for newborn babies and clinical pharmacologists.

  • Advances in Drug Research

    Volume 12
    • 1 Edición
    • N. J. Harper + 1 más
    • Inglés
    Advances in Drug Research, Volume 12 covers articles on advances in drug research. The book presents articles on cyclic nucleotides as targets for drug design; the opposing regulatory roles of cyclic nucleotides in the heart; and the integrated control of trematode diseases. The text also includes articles about the chemical and biological studies on indomethacin, sulindac and their analogs; as well as the pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, toxicity, and the effects of bromocriptine. Toxicologists, pharmacologists, physicians, and drug researchers will find the book invaluable.

  • Drug Design

    Medicinal Chemistry: A Series of Monographs, Vol. 10
    • 1 Edición
    • E. J. Ariëns
    • Inglés
    Drug Design, Volume X covers promising and current developments in drug design. The book discusses procedures as applied in the practice of drug design; the structural aspects of the structure-activity relationships of neuroleptics; and promising perspectives in the highly actual field of bioactive peptides. The text also describes the application of the dynamic systems analysis to the antihypertensive drug action; polymeric drug delivery systems; and the design of biocompatible polymers. The structure-activity relationships of insect repellents as a basis for the design of such agents, as well as the approaches to the multivariate data analysis in structure-activity relationships, which is an essential aspect of drug design, are also encompassed. Chemists, pharmacologists, bioengineers, and people involved in drug design and manufacture will find the book invaluable.

  • Progress in Chemical Toxicology

    Volume 1
    • 1 Edición
    • Abraham Stolman
    • Inglés
    Progress in Chemical Toxicology, Volume 1 covers the developments in toxicology, including the usefulness of the developed techniques and methods with necessary modifications for toxicological studies. The book describes the isolation and separation techniques for the identification of poisons; the application of gas chromatograph to toxicology; and the pharmacological and toxicological effects aliphatic alcohols. The text also discusses the isolation, purification, identication, and the toxicology of acidic and neutral poisons, ataraxics and nonbarbiturate sedatives. The determination of antiarthritics, antihistamines, and thymoleptics; the physicochemical properties for the identification of narcotics and related bases; and the toxicity of air pollutants are also considered. The book further tackles the analytical methods for air pollutants; the occurrence, symptoms, and treatment of mushroom poisoning; and the toxic components of poisonous seeds and fruits poisonous seeds and fruits. Toxicologists, chemists, and scientists in forensic science laboratories will find the text invaluable.

  • Biochemical and Neurophysiological Correlation of Centrally Acting Drugs

    Second International Pharmacological Meeting
    • 1 Edición
    • E. Trabucchi + 2 más
    • Inglés
    Section on Pharmacology of the International Union of Physiological Sciences (SEPHAR), Proceedings of the Second International Pharmacological Meeting, August 20-23, 1963, Volume 2: Biochemical and Neurophysiological Correlation of Centrally Acting Drugs focuses on the composition, reactions, and applications of centrally acting drugs. The selection first offers information on the physiology of striopallidum in relation to extrapyramidal function and disorders and actions of dopa and dopamine in relation to function of the central nervous system. Discussions focus on correlation of behavioral and clinical states with metabolism of dopamine, functions of dopamine in the brain, and the central pharmacology of dopamine. The text then examines the role of brain dopamine (3-hydroxytyramine) in Parkinsonism, including behavior of dopamine in the extrapyramidal centers in patients with Parkinson's disease; brain dopamine and the extrapyramidal symptomatology of Parkinson's disease; and parallelism between Parkinson's disease and the Parkinson-like state induced by reserpine in man. The publication ponders on pharmacological studies on tremorine and metabolism of tremorine. The manuscript also takes a look at the contribution on the pathophysiology of intentional tremor; failure of Antiparkinson drugs to antagonize hypothermia in tremorine-treated rats; and significance of dopamine in psychomotor stimulant action. The selection is a dependable source of data for readers interested in centrally acting drugs.

  • A Guide to Alcohol and Drug Dependence

    • 2 Edición
    • J. S. Madden
    • Inglés
    A Guide to Alcohol and Drug Dependence, Second Edition provides information on the recognition of alcohol misuse, on alcohol dependence among the elderly, and on outpatient withdrawal from opioids. This book emphasizes the detection and early treatment of alcohol misuse, the detoxification of drug users followed by drug-free counseling, and preventive measures. Organized into nine chapters, this edition begins with an overview of the various types of dependence-producing drugs, including morphine, cocaine, cannabis, alcohol-barbiturate, amphetamine, hallucinogen, and inhalants and volatile solvents. This text then explains the depressant actions of alcohol on the central nervous system that affects first the higher cerebral functions responsible for concern about personal behavior and for self-restraint. Other chapters consider the physical disabilities that heavy drinkers are prone to develop. The final chapter deals with the preventive measures directed against the problems presented by drugs and alcohol. This book is a valuable resource for social workers, nurses, occupational therapists, and clinical psychologists.

  • The Toxicology of Radioactive Substances

    Volume 3.59
    • 1 Edición
    • A. A. Letavet + 1 más
    • Inglés
    The Toxicology of Radioactive Substances, Volume 3: Iron-59 deals with the experimental results of tests conducted at the Radiotoxicology Laboratory of the Institute of Occupational Hygiene and Disease, Academy of Medical Sciences, U.S.S.R. The book focuses on studies made on iron-59, which is widely used in science and technology, such as in the metal industry and in the research of hemoglobin metabolism in the bone marrow and red cells. Other studies show, however, that there is a long-term detrimental effect of intake of iron-59. The text then gives a brief outline of the physical, chemical, and biological properties of iron. Research also shows that the body's reaction to radioactive substances depends on how these are transmitted to the body and on their physicochemical properties. The effect of prolonged administration of radioactive iron on the electrical activity of the cerebral cortex of animals is analyzed, of which, possibly, the nervous system is most affected. The book notes also the changes in the red blood cells during chronic administration of iron-59 in small doses, wherein the hemoglobin levels increased temporarily. Studies of prolonged exposure to radioactive isotopes during pregnancy of the test animals show that there are significant changes in erythropoiesis, associated with iron deficiency. In another study, the prolonged internal administration of radioactive substances showed phasic changes in the height of electrocardiographic waves of the test animals. The text is suitable for physicists, nuclear scientists, doctors of toxicology, and researchers in nuclear medicine.

  • Symposium on Clinical Pharmacology

    Biochemical Pharmacology
    • 1 Edición
    • William A. Creasey + 2 más
    • Inglés
    Symposium on Clinical Pharmacology reviews advances in clinical pharmacology, with emphasis on how to materially improve the efficacy of cancer chemotherapy. Topics range from absorption, protein binding, distribution, and excretion of antineoplastic drugs to factors affecting the biotransformation and activity of antitumor drugs. The transport of tumor-inhibitory agents across cell membranes is also examined, together with factors influencing drug selectivity and the mechanisms of clinical drug resistance. This volume is comprised of 23 chapters and begins with a brief summary of the different kinds of pharmacokinetic models and how detailed kinetic investigations of a drug in animals may provide further insight into modes of its clinical use. The next chapter considers the chief factors in determining the effective concentration of a drug at a receptor site as well as the duration and intensity of drug effect, citing antineoplastic agents as examples. The role of enzymatic activation and inactivation in drug selectivity is also discussed, along with the general mechanisms of clinical resistance to cancer chemotherapy; biochemical and pharmacological principles of combination chemotherapy; and the reaction and effects of nitrosoureas. This book will be of interest to clinicians, pharmacologists, and biochemists.

  • Chemical Structure–Biological Activity Relationships: Quantitative Approaches

    Proceedings of the 3rd Congress of the Hungarian Pharmacological Society, Budapest, 1979
    • 1 Edición
    • F. Darvas
    • Inglés
    Chemical Structure-Biological Activity Relationships: Quantitative Approaches, Volume III, documents the proceedings of the 3rd Congress of the Hungarian Pharmacological Society held in Budapest, 1979. This volume focuses on the methodological aspects of QSAR. It also aims to inform the reader about the QSAR research conducted in East-European countries. This volume contains 38 presentations organized into six sections. Several lecturers deal with ""real prediction"" cases, i.e. activity estimation prior to the synthesis of the compounds. A particularly abundant section is devoted to the question of how the receptor models can be built up by means of QSAR calculations. Other sections present mathematical models and algorithms which could be applied to improve further the effectiveness of QSAR calculations. As another unique feature, a separate section treats the quantitative aspects of peptide structure-activity relationships—a field seemingly backward despite its evident importance. Hydrophobicity and its influence on biological potency along with the relationship of steric properties and biological activity are also discussed.

  • Evaluation of Drug Activities

    Pharmacometrics
    • 1 Edición
    • D R Laurence + 1 más
    • Inglés
    Evaluation of Drug Activities: Pharmacometrics, Volume 2 provides information pertinent to the fundamental aspects of pharmacometrics. This book covers a variety of topics, including anticholinesterases, antitussives, cardioactive agents, diuretics, dermatological agents, and estrogens. Organized into 21 chapters, this volume begins with an overview of anticholinesterases and its pharmacological and physiological actions. This text then examines the diversity of methods for evaluating antitussive drugs, which is related to the complexity of cough reflexes. Other chapters consider tests for cardioactive substances of three general classes, namely, the cardiac glycosides, the coronary vasodilators, and the anti-arrhythmics. This book discusses as well the introduction of many diuretics into therapeutic practice during the past years bears witness to the convenience and success of the tests available for assessing drugs of this class. The final chapter deals with drugs affecting lipid levels in plasma. This book is a valuable resource for chemists, physiologists, pharmacologists, and clinicians.

  • Blood

    • 1 Edición
    • Walter S. Root + 1 más
    • Inglés
    Physiological Pharmacology, Volume V: Blood describes the interrelationships between pharmacology and blood. This volume is organized into five parts encompassing 16 chapters that consider the effect of therapeutic agents on the physiology of blood, whether it be coagulation, the white cells, red cells, or platelets. The opening part deals first with the physiology of blood coagulation and the mode of action of anticoagulants. This part also covers the mechanism of thrombogenesis and thrombolysis, as well as the in vivo actions of thrombolytic agents. The subsequent parts initially examine the biochemistry and physiology of platelets, hematopoietic stem cells, and white cells. These topics are followed by discussions of the mechanism of thrombocytosis and clinical manifestations of thrombocythemia, as well as the mechanisms of immunologic drug effect on blood cells. These parts also explore the effects of drugs on myelopoiesis and the physiological and immunological activities of lymphocytes. The closing part reviews the iron, vitamin B12, folic acid, erythropoietin, and transferrin components of red blood cells. This part also examines the mechanism of erythropoietic cellular proliferation and the initiation of hyperoxia. This book is intended primarily to physiological pharmacologists, hematologists, and researchers.

  • Physiology and Toxicology of Male Reproduction

    • 1 Edición
    • James C. Lamb + 1 más
    • Inglés
    Physiology and Toxicology of Male Reproduction is a collection of papers that deals with general reproductive biology and specific aspects of reproductive toxicology, pertaining to the male sex. Some papers discuss testicular organization, reproductive toxicity testing systems, and germ-cell genetic toxicology. The use of in vitro systems by investigators to dissect the male reproductive toxicants can lead to a more scientific approach toward hazard assessment and the development of safer drugs and chemicals. Other papers explain the fundamental reproductive biology of the testis, the neuroendocrine system, the epididymis and accessory sex organs, and spermatozoal evaluation. Toxicological aspects cover the toxicological evaluation of the complete reproductive system, testicular morphology, sperm assessment, and germ-cell mutagenesis. One paper describes alternative methods in toxicology—by using new in vitro systems that should reduce or eliminate the need for tests conducted on animals. In vitro methodology embraces other systems such as from subcellular fractions to isolated intact organs. In relation to target-organ toxicity, the researcher can focus using primary cell cultures. This collection will prove helpful to toxicologists, graduate students and researchers in biology, particularly in male reproductive toxicology and fertility testing.

  • An Introduction to Mechanisms in Pharmacology and Therapeutics

    • 1 Edición
    • Howard Rogers + 1 más
    • Inglés
    An Introduction to Mechanisms in Pharmacology and Therapeutics aims to provide some extra information and background reading on modes of action of drugs, but it is not meant to replace existing pharmacology textbooks. It also attempts to show the connection between cell biology and the practice of clinical medicine. This book is organized into 13 chapters that discuss drug-receptor interactions and the influence of drugs on the nervous, respiratory, circulatory, and alimentary systems. They also explain the concepts of pharmacogenetics, intracellular control mechanisms, chemotherapy, and the different types of drugs. This book will be of interest to preclinical and clinical medical students and those preparing for Bachelor of Science degree in Pharmacology and others interested in understanding how drugs work.

  • Toxic Interactions

    • 1 Edición
    • Robin S. Goldstein + 2 más
    • Inglés
    Toxic Interactions is a collection of papers that discusses the basic principles behind the mechanism of toxicological interactions. This book deals with interacting chemicals and their effects on certain exposed organs or molecules. Concerning discussion of the principles, contributed papers explain the role of xenobiotic biotransformation processes in inactivating reactive intermediates of toxicants. Other authors discuss the effects of endogenous molecules and the consequences of chemically induced depletion of protective agents, as well as the pharmacokinetic principles that affect chemical interactions. Several authors also review experiments on the types of chemicals that produce or increase the degree of toxicity. The text reviews the results of liver and kidney injuries from exposure to two or more chemicals, while other papers focus on lung and heart toxicity. For example, direct mechanism of cardio toxicity includes toxicity due to an increase in plasma concentrations of the compound, or as in latent cardiac toxicity that is a product of another action on another system of organs. Professors in pharmacology, practitioners of general medicine, specialists or researchers dealing with microchemistry, toxicology or drug therapy will find this reference valuable.

  • Progress in Chemical Toxicology

    Volume 3
    • 1 Edición
    • Abraham Stolman
    • Inglés
    Progress in Chemical Toxicology, Volume 3 explores the developments in methods and instrumentation for toxicological analyses. This book is composed of eight chapters, and begins with a description of the pharmacologic and physiologic effects of aliphatic alcohols. The succeeding chapter deals with the methods of analysis of various volatile poisons, such as halogenated aliphatic compounds, aromatic hydrocarbons, and acid compounds. A chapter focuses on the methods of determination and classic procedures for carbon monoxide analysis in breath and blood. These topics are followed by discussions on the development of spectrochemical methods chemical and radiochemical methods of determination of radionuclides in human bones and tissues; and the toxic effects of combined drug action. The last chapter examines the poison residue occurrence in human tissues. This book is of great value to toxicologists and public health workers and researchers.

  • In Vitro Biological Systems

    Methods in Toxicology, Vol. 1
    • 1 Edición
    • Charles A. Tyson + 1 más
    • Inglés
    Methods in Toxicology, Volume 1: In Vitro Biological Systems, Part A provides basic techniques employed by widely recognized scientists to prepare and maintain the biological components of in vitro model systems. The book discusses the in vitro models of neural and neuromuscular systems; ocular system; respiratory system; cardiovascular system; and gastrointestinal system. The text also describes liver slices; liver hepatocytes; other liver cell systems; proximal tubule fragments; kidney cell culture; reproductive and developmental systems; immune system; and skin. Pharmacologists, toxicologists, cell biologists, physiologists, immunotoxicologists, and molecular toxicologists will find the book invaluable.

  • Advances in Drug Delivery Systems, 6

    Proceedings of the Sixth International Symposium on Recent Advances in Drug Delivery Systems, Salt Lake City, UT, U.S.A., February 21-24, 1993
    • 1 Edición
    • James M. Anderson + 2 más
    • Inglés
    Advances in Drug Delivery Systems, 6 focuses on the progress in drug delivery systems as manifested in the fields of international pharmaceutics, polymer science, biotechnology, molecular biology, and cell biology. The selection first tackles biologically engineered microstructures and approaches to targeting bioactive compounds. Discussions focus on therapeutic efficiency of fatty acylated antiviral antibodies; effect of artificial fatty acylation on protein binding and uptake; and controlled release of proteins from lipid microcylinders. The text then elaborates on mucosal delivery of macromolecules and targeted delivery of diagnostic agents by surface-modified liposomes. The book examines the factors on in vitro micelle stability of adriamycin-block copolymer conjugates; vaginal and reproductive system treatments using a bioadhesive polymer; and control of the disposition profiles of proteins in the kidney via chemical modification. The publication also takes a look at drug delivery using biodegradable microspheres; approaches to improved antibody- and peptide-mediated targeting for imaging and therapy of cancer; and biodegradable microspheres for the delivery of oral vaccines. The selection is a valuable source material for scientists and readers interested in the advances in the systems of drug delivery.

  • Essays in Toxicology

    Volume 6
    • 1 Edición
    • Wayland J. Hayes
    • Inglés
    Essays in Toxicology, Volume 6 approaches toxicology by very different routes; two essays with materials (plastics and tobacco alkaloids), one deals with the effects of abnormal pressure, one considers the biochemistry of the lung, and one discusses poison control centers and other mechanisms for limiting the injury done by toxic materials. The book presents essays on the topological problems and untoward effects from plastic devices used in medical applications; the metabolism of tobacco alkaloids; and poisons control center. The text also includes essays on the toxicology of hypobaric and hyperbaric environments; as well as the exploitable biochemical approaches for the evaluation of toxic lung damage. Biochemists, physical chemists, neurophysiologists, epidemiologists, and social scientists will find the book invaluable.

  • Drug Design

    Medicinal Chemistry: A Series of Monographs, Vol. 2
    • 1 Edición
    • E. J. Ariëns
    • Inglés
    Drug Design, Volume II covers the design of bioactive compounds interacting with enzymes and playing a role in enzyme synthesis. The book discusses the modulation of pharmacokinetics by molecular manipulation; the factors in the design of reversible and irreversible enzyme inhibitors; and the design of organophosphate and carbamate inhibitors of cholinesterases. The text also describes the design of reactivators for irreversibly blocked acetylcholinesterase... drug design based on the inhibition of protein synthesis in the context of susceptible enzymic reactions; as well as the role of enzymes and their synthesis as a target for antibiotic action. The rational design of antiviral agents; the design of penicillin; the design of peptide hormone analogs; as well as the advances in the design of diuretics are also considered. The book further tackles the design of biologically active steroids; the rational elements in the development of superior neuromuscular blocking agents; and the design of tumor-inhibitory alkylating drugs. Pharmacologists, chemists, and people involved in drug design will find the book invaluable.

  • Essays in Toxicology

    Volume 7
    • 1 Edición
    • Wayland J. Hayes
    • Inglés
    Essays in Toxicology, Volume 7 presents essays on toxicology and related topics. The book presents essays on the effects of toxicants on reproductive performance; an overall view of carcinogenesis from an epidemiological viewpoint and the potentialities and limitations of the epidemiological method in cancer control; and the activity of cytochrome P450 and mixed-function oxidase in target and nontarget organisms. The text also includes essays on the toxicity of hexachlorophene and the use of hexachlorophene as an antibacterial agent; the methodology, dose measurement, and respiratory function assessment in respiratory toxicology; as well as behavioral toxicology, with focus on early warning and worker safety and health. Pharmacologists, biochemists, pathologists, neurophysiologists, epidemiologists, and toxicologists will find the book invaluable.

  • Advances in Drug Research

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 22
    • Bernard Testa
    • Inglés
    Advances in Drug Research, Volume 22 focuses on the concepts and facts of drug research. This book is divided into four chapters. Chapter 1 discusses the use of atomic properties and atom-centered indices in QSAR models, while Chapter 2 describes the pharmacokinetics of peptides and proteins. The nuclear receptors, emphasizing the aspects of molecular and genomic pharmacology are elaborated in Chapter 3. The last chapter covers the medicinal chemistry of a vast group of agents acting on nuclear receptors. This publication is valuable to drug researchers and students interested in advances in drugs.

  • Modulation of Neurochemical Transmission

    Proceedings of the 3rd Congress of the Hungarian Pharmacological Society, Budapest, 1979
    • 1 Edición
    • E. S. Vizi
    • Inglés
    Modulation of Neurochemical Transmission, Volume II, documents the proceedings of the 3rd Congress of the Hungarian Pharmacological Society held in Budapest, 1979. It provides a summary of biochemical, electrophysiological... morphological, and pharmacological findings on the modulation of transmitter release. The 45 papers contained in this volume come from the most important laboratories and the contributors are among the world's foremost experts. Key topics discussed include the presynaptic inhibition of neurotransmitters; the properties of pre- and postsynaptic α receptors; histochemical mapping of dopamine neurons in the olfactory brain; neurophysiological aspects of dopaminergic supersensitivity; the role of ATPases in neurochemical transmission; and interaction between noradrenaline and vanadium on brain membrane ATPase. Also presented are papers on neurotransmission in the rat portal vein; the function of cysteine metabolism in rat brain; presynaptic dopamine receptors in sympathetic heart nerves of cats; LSD-induced behavioral effects in rats; and modulation of posttetanic response in the guinea-pig ileum.

  • Ions-Cyclic Nucleotides-Cholinergy

    Proceedings of the 7th International Congress of Pharmacology, Paris, 1978
    • 1 Edición
    • J.C. Stoclet
    • Inglés
    Advances in Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Volume 3: Ions – Cyclic Nucleotides – Cholinergy covers the proceedings of the Seventh International Congress of Pharmacology, held in Paris in 1978. This book mainly focuses on studying ions, cyclic nucleotides, and cholinergy. Specifically, this text discusses the pharmacology of calcium homeostasis and presents lectures given in the symposium. The role of cyclic nucleotides in the regulation of muscular tissue functions and the evaluation of cyclic AMP and cyclic GMP are also looked into. This text presents in its latter part papers on chemical structure and cholinergic activity. This volume will be valuable to students and experts in the field of pharmacology, therapeutics, and related fields.

  • CNS Pharmacology Neuropeptides

    Proceedings of the 8th International Congress of Pharmacology, Tokyo, 1981
    • 1 Edición
    • H. Yoshida + 2 más
    • Inglés
    Advances in Pharmacology and Therapeutics II, Volume 1: CNS Pharmacology Neuropeptides contains the proceedings of the Eighth International Congress of Pharmacology held in Tokyo in 1981. This book is the first of a six-volume compilation of the scientific papers of invited speakers. Separating 26 papers as chapters, this book begins with an invited lecture on opioid peptides and their receptors. Other chapters describe opioid peptides and their relevance to central nervous system mechanisms; neuropeptides and related compounds affecting learning and memory; and pharmacological approaches to the study of sleep regulation. This book also explores the importance of kainic acid and related compounds as a pharmacological tool.

  • Neuropsychopharmacology

    Proceedings of the 7th International Congress of Pharmacology, Paris, 1978
    • 1 Edición
    • C. Dumont
    • Inglés
    Advances in Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Volume 5: Neuropsychopharmacol... contains the proceedings of the 7th International Congress of Pharmacology held in Paris, France, in 1978. The papers explore advances in the understanding of neuropsychopharmacol... and cover topics ranging from anti-schizophrenic drugs to drug pathways in depression treatment. Pharmacological interferences with nonstriatal dopaminergic systems are also discussed. This volume is comprised of 21 chapters and opens by considering the nanomolar affinity of pre- and post-synaptic dopamine receptors for neuroleptics. The next section deals with drug pathways in the treatment of depression, with particular reference to the biochemical mechanisms of depressive states and the therapeutic effects of some antidepressants. The following chapters examine dopamine receptors in the nucleus accumbens; modulation of mesolimbic dopamine mechanisms via serotonin and GABA; how mesocortical dopaminergic neurons react to stress; and the behavioral consequences of the interaction between morphine, substance P, and nonstriatal dopamine neurons. This book will be of interest to practitioners in biosciences, pharmacology, physiology, psychology, neurology, and medicine.

  • Mitochondrial Dysfunction

    Methods in Toxicology, Vol. 2
    • 1 Edición
    • Lawrence H. Lash + 1 más
    • Inglés
    Methods in Toxicology, Volume 2: Mitochondrial Dysfunction provides a source of methods, techniques, and experimental approaches for studying the role of abnormal mitochondrial function in cell injury. The book discusses the methods for the preparation and basic functional assessment of mitochondria from liver, kidney, muscle, and brain; the methods for assessing mitochondrial dysfunction in vivo and in intact organs; and the structural aspects of mitochondrial dysfunction are addressed. The text also describes chemical detoxification and metabolism as well as specific metabolic reactions that are especially important targets or indicators of damage. The methods for measurement of alterations in fatty acid and phospholipid metabolism and for the analysis and manipulation of oxidative injury and antioxidant systems are also considered. The book further tackles additional methods on mitochondrial energetics and transport processes; approaches for assessing impaired function of mitochondria; and genetic and developmental aspects of mitochondrial disease and toxicology. The text also looks into mitochondrial DNA synthesis, covalent binding to mitochondrial DNA, DNA repair, and mitochondrial dysfunction in the context of developing individuals and cellular differentiation. Microbiologists, toxicologists, biochemists, and molecular pharmacologists will find the book invaluable.

  • The Actions and Uses of Ophthalmic Drugs

    A Textbook for Students and Practitioners
    • 2 Edición
    • P. H. O'Connor Davies
    • Inglés
    The Actions and Uses of Ophthalmic Drugs: A Textbook for Students and Practitioners, Second Edition provides pertinent information in relation to concepts in pharmacology, the formulation and application of ophthalmic drugs, and adverse ocular effects of systemic medication. This book discusses the preparations used in contact lens practice. Organized into 17 chapters, this edition begins with an overview of the primary systems of drug classification according to their actions or effects, or on the basis of their chemistry. This text then presents a detailed discussion on the actions and uses of ophthalmic autonomic drugs. Other chapters consider the structure and function of the involuntary nervous system in the orbital region. This book discusses as well the two main classifications of ophthalmic drugs, namely, therapeutic and diagnostic. The final chapter deals with the clinical significance of medication-induced ocular adverse effects. This book is a valuable resource for ophthalmologists, students, and practitioners.

  • Basic Pharmacology

    • 2 Edición
    • R W Foster
    • Inglés
    Basic Pharmacology, Second Edition, similar to the first edition, talks about the relationship between the human body and therapeutic drugs. A large part of this book discusses the nervous system and the way certain drugs operate and affect it. The first part of this book covers the importance of having a firm understanding of the organ system, especially the nervous system. Understanding the systems is the initial step in learning how a drug affects the body, both internally and externally. This book also clarifies that a drug's impact occurs when it comes in contact with a chemical component of the body (enzymes, hormones, membranes, etc.). The next sections of this book discuss miscellaneous topics of the human anatomy, such as the brain, eyes, lungs, and various muscles. This edition also explains how a drug acts on each of those body parts. This book serves as a great reference to students affiliated in the anatomy, biology, pharmacy, and related fields.

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