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Elsevier

Libros en Ingeniería Química

  • Current Biochemical Research in China

    • 1 Edición
    • C Tsou
    • Inglés
    Current Biochemical Research in China presents the Chinese contributions to the biochemical sciences. This book aims to make the situation of biochemical research in China better known to the rest of the world. Organized into 21 chapters, this book begins with an overview of some of the fundamental research of Chinese biochemists, which may be found interesting by colleagues in the western world. This text then presents the investigations of the relationship between structure and function of proteins by synthetic methods. Other chapters provide the comprehensive and scientific compilation of the herb medicines used in China since ancient times. This book discusses as well the correlation of molecular structures of proteins with their biological functions. The final chapter deals with the importance of hemostasis and thrombosis wherein platelets adhere to injured vascular wall and aggregate to form the white hemostatic plug. This book is a valuable resource for biochemists, biophysicists, scientists, and research workers.

  • Applied Biochemistry and Bioengineering

    Enzyme Technology
    • 1 Edición
    • Lemuel Wingard
    • Inglés
    Applied Biochemistry and Bioengineering, Volume 2: Enzyme Technology discusses the industrial applications of immobilized enzymes. Organized into 10 chapters, this volume first describes the techniques for the isolation and purification of intracellular and extracellular enzymes for use on an industrial scale. It then deals with immobilized enzyme processes, with an emphasis on immobilized glucose isomerase and the amylolytic enzymes related to the production of high-fructose syrups from starch. Significant topics on immobilized enzyme technology for future uses in energy transduction and in pharmaceutical modifications of steroid compounds are also explored. Microbiologists, geneticists, and chemical engineers will find this book of great value.

  • Activation, Deactivation, and Poisoning of Catalysts

    • 1 Edición
    • John Butt
    • Inglés
    Activation, Deactivation, and Poisoning of Catalysts deals with the circumstances and mechanisms underlying catalyst activation, deactivation, and poisoning. The emphasis is on the techniques for handling deactivating systems, not on results per se. Deactivation by fouling and sintering is given consideration. This book is organized into three sections and consists of 12 chapters. The first part is devoted to a systematic development of the manner in which catalysts are activated, deactivated, poisoned, and in some cases reactivated on a microscopic basis. The first chapter explains the concept of the active center as utilized in catalysis, along with catalyst regeneration, rejuvenation, and detoxification. In the second part, the reader is introduced to the problem of heat transfer as well as the transport of reactants and products in the interior of the particle coupled with chemical reaction therein. The macroscopic deactivation behavior of the catalyst particle is described in terms of fundamental kinetic deactivation phenomena and of parameters governing heat and mass transfer. The last part is primarily concerned with a collection of catalyst particles within the reactor, with emphasis on the global activity of the reactor. In the last chapter, a pragmatic approach is presented to predict the design and performance of chemical reactors containing a deactivating catalyst. This book is written for catalytic chemists, researchers, reactor designers, and students interested in catalyst activation, deactivation, and poisoning.

  • Biochemical Actions of Hormones V12

    • 1 Edición
    • Gerald Litwack
    • Inglés
    Biochemical Actions of Hormones, Volume XII is a compendium of papers discussing aspects of molecular biology with regard to hormone action and to certain hormone receptors. One paper discusses the different approaches and strategies that are used in determining the amino acid sequence. The paper also describes the structural organization of polyprotein precursors such as the peptide chemistry approach or the nucleic acid approach. Another paper investigates the regulation of prolactin biosynthesis by peptide hormones as a model for peptidergic regulation of gene expression. The paper defines in detail which components of the biosynthetic machinery are being regulated by the polypeptide hormones. One paper also analyzes the molecular biology of the metallothioneins, focusing on the glucocorticoid regulation of metallothioneins genes. Experiments show that when the mouse MT-I gene is activated in lymphoid cells, or transferred to other cells, it still retains information needed in metal-regulated expression, though glucocorticoids can no longer regulate the same gene. Other papers discuss the purification and properties of the nerve growth factor receptor, and the thyrotropin receptor. Micro-biologists, biochemists, molecular biologists, cellular biologists, endocrinologists, and scientists involved in cell research will find this collection valuable.

  • Aerosols

    An Industrial and environmental science
    • 1 Edición
    • George Hidy
    • Inglés
    Aerosols: An Industrial and Environmental Science is a comprehensive account of the science and technology of aerosols as well as their aerodynamic and physico-chemical properties. Measurement techniques and results are presented in terms of a framework of classical mechanics and macroscopic chemistry. This book is comprised of 10 chapters and begins with a discussion on the foundations of modern aerosol science and technology, followed by a review of the dynamic theory of aerosols as rigid spheres. The production of particle suspensions, the methods of particle sampling and measurement, and physical or chemical characterization are then considered, along with particle diffusion by Brownian motion, particle formation and growth, and coagulation processes. The formation of particle clouds is described by means of molecular agglomeration (condensation) processes, breakup and disintegration, and chemical reactions. The remaining chapters focus on several major applications of aerosol science in areas such as combustion, agriculture, and medicine. This monograph is intended to serve scientists and engineers who are concerned with the underlying principles of aerodynamic and physical chemical behavior of aerosols, and could also be used as a text for graduate students in specialized courses on aerosol or colloid chemistry, atmospheric processes, and chemical, mechanical, or environmental engineering.

  • Chemical and Biochemical Applications of Lasers V5

    • 1 Edición
    • C. Bradley Moore
    • Inglés
    Chemical and Biological Applications of Lasers, Volume V focuses on the laser applications in photochemistry and spectroscopy. This book examines the spectroscopic detection of single atoms and explores the purification of industrial chemicals. Organized into seven chapters, this volume starts with an overview of the methods developed for laser detection of single atoms, including fluorescence, photoionization, photodeflection, and their combinations. This text then discusses the methods of high resolution spectroscopy, which provide detailed information on molecular structure and reaction kinetics studies. Other chapters review several laser photodissociation studies, which explain dissociation dynamics. This book discusses as well the possibilities for selective photochemical reactions and examines the potential of lasers for practical application in chemical processing. The final chapter considers the various metals that can undergo a photochemical change in oxidation state in ordinary solvents. This book is a valuable resource for physicists, chemists, electrochemists, photochemists, electrical engineers, and chemical engineers.

  • Flavor of Foods and Beverages

    Chemistry and Technology
    • 1 Edición
    • George Charalambous
    • Inglés
    Flavor of Foods and Beverages Chemistry and Technology covers the proceedings of an international conference sponsored by the Agricultural and Food Chemistry Division of the American Chemical Society held in Athens, Greece on June 27-29, 1978. It presents information on the flavor of foods and beverages. This book discusses wide ranging subjects, such as flavor of meat, meat analogs, chocolate and cocoa substitutes, cheese aroma, beverages, baked goods, confections, tea, citrus and other fruits, olive oil, and sweeteners. It also examines new analytical methodology on taste and aroma, as well as flavor production, stability, and composition. This book will be useful for students, chemists, technologists, and manufacturers involved in any facet of producing foods and beverages.

  • NMR of Chemically Exchanging Systems

    • 1 Edición
    • Jerome Kaplan
    • Inglés
    NMR of Chemically Exchanging Systems presents an integrated density matrix formalism for calculating NMR lineshapes for all types of exchanging systems. This book explores a variety of conditions, which is applicable to both liquids and liquid crystals. Organized into nine chapters, this book begins with an overview of the derivation of the absorption due to a single spin utilizing the classical Bloch equation as a means for introducing some of the concepts concerned in obtaining the absorption lineshape. This text then examines the derivation of the total density matrix equation. Other chapters consider the density matrix equation for a general exchanging system at high rf power and illustrate how one has to solve for all the elements of the density matrix. The final chapter presents some remarks on transients as applied to chemically exchanging systems. This book is a valuable resource for scientists and researchers who are interested in NMR spectroscopy.

  • Mixing V3

    Theory and Practice
    • 1 Edición
    • Vincent W. Uhl
    • Inglés
    Mixing: Theory and Practice, Volume III is a five-chapter text that covers the significant improvements in the theoretical aspects and knowledge in mixing related to industrial-scale operations. The introductory chapters deal with the agitation of particulate solid-liquid mixtures and the turbulent radial mixing in pipes, with particular emphasis on the effects of jets and baffles on such mixing. The following chapter presents the theoretical analysis and experimental confirmation for predicting hydrodynamic characteristics and some process results in mechanically agitated vessels. Another chapter provides a comprehensive development of approaches and recommended practices for scale-up of agitated liquid equipment. The methods considered serve as a useful guide for reducing the risk of scale-up and scale-down catastrophes. The last chapter discusses the fundamental concepts and measures of the quality of mixing and the mechanisms of mixing and segregation. This chapter also introduces the process of continuous mixing of solids.

  • The Porphyrins V5

    Physical Chemistry, Part C
    • 1 Edición
    • David Dolphin
    • Inglés
    The Porphyrins, Volume V: Physical Chemistry, Part C explores the physical chemistry of porphyrins, their precursors, catabolic derivatives, and related compounds. The book covers photochemical, electrochemical, and routes of electron transfer, as well as primary redox reactions of porphyrins and metalloporphyrins; oxygenation of hemoglobin and the interactions of metalloporphyrins with dioxygen; the kinetics of porphyrin metalation; and solid state phenomena. This volume is organized into 11 chapters and begins with an overview of electron transfer and the mechanisms of oxidation and reduction. The discussion then turns to porphyrin photochemical reactions and reversible electron transfer reactions of metalloporphyrins. Selected examples in which the oxidized or reduced complexes have been shown to play a biochemical role are provided. The following chapters focus on the isolation and characterization of the photosynthetic pigments and their aggregation and coordination properties, along with those of the porphyrins and metalloporphyrins. The book concludes with an analysis of solid state phenomena in porphyrins and related materials, paying particular attention to semiconduction, photoconduction, and superconduction. This book will be of value to inorganic, organic, physical, and biochemists interested in the physical chemistry of porphyrins.

  • Colloidal Gold

    Principles, Methods, and Applications
    • 1 Edición
    • Inglés
    Since its introduction in 1971, the development and application of colloidal gold as a marker in electron microscopy has been phenomenal. This state-of-the art, multi-volume treatise provides researchers, technicians, teachers, and students with the most comprehensive coverage of the principles and methodology of colloidal gold microscopy available today. Colloidal gold allows high and low resolution studies, enzyme and nucleic acid labeling, study of dynamic cellular processes, and virus detection. This third volume completes Hayat's coverage of the principles and methodology of colloidal gold in microscopy. The three-volume set should become the standard reference in the field.

  • Biochemical Actions of Hormones V1

    • 1 Edición
    • Gerald Litwack
    • Inglés
    Biochemical Actions of Hormones, Volume I explores the significant developments toward understanding the primary effects of hormones in cellular receptors at the molecular level. This book is composed of 12 chapters that survey the molecular and biochemical approaches bearing on the problem of hormone mechanism. The opening chapters discuss the thyroid hormonal responses during metamorphic process in Amphibia; the primary role of hormones in biochemical differentiation; the influence of hormones on protein synthesis and the importance of protein synthesis mechanism; and the biochemical rhythms within the pineal gland and the rhythm in hepatic tyrosine transaminase activity. The subsequent chapters examine the effects of a number of hormones on transport systems in the cell membranes, the protein interaction with steroids, and the influence of insulin on protein and nucleic acid metabolism. The remaining five chapters deal with the physiology, mechanism of action, and biological effects of various hormones, such as mineralocorticoids, parathyroid hormone, calcitonin, thyrotropin, and plant hormones. This book is an invaluable source for endocrinologists.

  • Silica Glass and Binary Silicate Glasses

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 15A
    • Inglés
    Physical Sciences Data, Volume 15: Handbook of Glass Data: Silica Glass and Binary Silicate Glasses, Part A presents information on the systems capable of forming glasses by cooling melts. This book provides data on the crystallization rates of glasses. Organized into six chapters, this volume begins with an overview of the melt properties for the glass-forming systems. This text then examines the notion of a component that is very significant for determining the number of components in each investigated glass. Other chapters consider the contents of several oxides of the same element but in different valent state as the reason to transfer a glass to the category of the increased number of components. This book discusses as well the analytical composition of glass. The final chapter deals with flotation method using tetrabromoethane and benzene mixture. This book is a valuable resource for glass specialists, chemists, engineers, scientists, and information science workers.

  • Electron Transfer Reactions of Complex Ions in Solution

    • 1 Edición
    • Henry Taube
    • Inglés
    Electron Transfer Reactions of Complex Ions in Solution covers the significant development of some important area of electron transfer reactions of complex ions. This four-chapter book emerged from a series of lectures at the Polytechnic Institute of Brooklyn in November and December 1967. Chapter I presents research studies in cation hydration. This chapter describes principal methods for composition determination of the first coordination spheres of the aquo ions. Chapter II examines the distinction between reactions in which electron transfer takes place from one primary bond system to another. Chapter III discusses some aspects of ligand effects in electron-transfer reactions. This chapter demonstrates that differences in the behavior of systems can be expected at least in the extremes of mechanisms. Chapter IV deals with the history, principles and applications of the induced electron-transfer effect. This book is of great value to electrochemists, students, and researchers.

  • Biochemical and Clinical Aspects of Oxygen

    • 1 Edición
    • Winslow Caughey
    • Inglés
    Biochemical and Clinical Aspects of Oxygen contains the proceedings of a symposium held on the Pingree Park Campus of Colorado State University on September 24-29, 1978. Contributors discuss the biochemical and clinical aspects of oxygen, focusing on reactions and areas relating to heme, flavin, copper and nonheme iron proteins, organ transplants, carbon monoxide formation and detoxification, oxidant drugs and pollutants, oxygen toxicity, enzyme inactivation, lipid peroxidation, membrane destruction, antioxidants, cataractogenesis, mutagen and carcinogen formation, malaria and trypanosome parasites, and inflammation. This volume is organized into 51 chapters and begins with a discussion of bonding and reactions of dioxygen bound to hemeproteins, along with the pathophysiology of hemolysis due to unstable hemoglobins. The focus then turns to the reactivity and function of leghemoglobin, reduction of oxygen and five redox forms of horseradish peroxidase, and acid-base catalysis and hydrogen bonding in reactions mediated by peroxidases. The reader is methodically introduced to the ligands of cytochrome P-450 and their role in the activation of dioxygen, oxygen and catabolite regulation of hemoprotein biosynthesis in yeast, and factors controlling hemoprotein reactivity. A chapter describing the spectroscopic mapping of oxygen supply and demand in the heart concludes the book. This book will be of interest to biochemists, biophysicists, physicians, toxicologists, immunologists, physiologists, parasitologists, radiologists, and environmentalists.

  • Analysis of Engineering Cycles

    Power, Refrigerating and Gas Liquefaction Plant
    • 4 Edición
    • R. W. Haywood
    • Inglés
    Extensively revised, updated and expanded, the fourth edition of this popular text provides a rigorous analytical treatment of modern energy conversion plant. Notable for both its theoretical and practical treatment of conventional and nuclear power plant, and its studies of refrigerating and gas-liquefaction plant. This fourth edition now includes material on topics of increasing concern in the fields of energy 'saving' and reduction of environmental pollution. This increased coverage deals specifically with the following areas: CHP (cogeneration) plant, studies of both gas and coal burning plant designed to reduce toxic emissions, and the study of PWR plant in the nuclear industry, which has been extended to cover conceptual designs aimed at greater inherent safety. With over 20 new sections plus new appendices and more problems this text not only retains its value but also enhances its usefulness to the reader, covering areas of current interest and importance.

  • Stereo-Differentiating reactions

    The nature of asymmetric reactions
    • 1 Edición
    • Yoshiharu Izumi
    • Inglés
    Stereo-Differentiati... Reactions: The Nature of Asymmetric Reactions provides an introduction to asymmetric reactions. It brings together synthetic organic chemistry, stereochemistry, group theory, the theory of optical rotation, experimental methods, etc., all of which are basic to the study of stereo-differentiati... reactions, to form a unified approach based on the new concept of "differentiation." The authors hope that the value of the new concept, which is rather more complex than conventional treatments of asymmetric reactions, will become clear in the present book. This new concept should be useful in many fields of study, not only the development of stereo-differentiati... reactions, but also in the study of general reaction mechanisms in organic chemistry. The book contains nine chapters and begins with a historical background of studies on asymmetric reactions. This is followed by separate chapters on molecular symmetry and chirality; nomenclature for chirality, prochirality, and stereo-differentiati... reactions; the mechanisms of stereo-differentiati... reactions; methods for studying stereo-differentiati... reactions; and the basic principle of optical activity.

  • Chemical Ecology

    • 1 Edición
    • Ernest Sondheimer
    • Inglés
    Chemical Ecology contains a series of lectures presented in the fall of 1968 at State University of New York College of Forestry at Syracuse University. This book is composed of 11 chapters that deal with the salient facts and theories that are encompassed by chemical ecology and the possible application of fundamental research in this area to pressing problems of ecological importance. After briefly describing the distribution pattern of microorganisms in the soil, this book goes on exploring the coordination and regulation of sexual processes between cells and between individuals in lower and higher plants. These topics are followed by discussions on the aspects of the chemical environment; the diverse associations between insects and their host plants; the self-defense mechanisms of plants against insect predation; and the chemical communication systems within animal species. The subsequent chapters examine the chemical defense and ecology in arthropods and fish. The concluding chapters consider the biochemistry of terpenoid and steroid metabolism and the chemical aspects of juvenile and steroidal molting hormone interactions. This book will be of value to chemical ecologists and researchers and biochemists.

  • Vapor-Liquid Equilibria Using Unifac

    A Group-Contribution Method
    • 1 Edición
    • Aage Fredenslund
    • Inglés
    Vapor-Liquid Equilibria Using UNIFAC: A Group-Contribution Method focuses on the UNIFAC group-contribution method used in predicting quantitative information on the phase equilibria during separation by estimating activity coefficients. Drawing on tested vapor-liquid equilibrium data on which UNIFAC is based, it demonstrates through examples how the method may be used in practical engineering design calculations. Divided into nine chapters, this volume begins with a discussion of vapor and liquid phase nonidealities and how they are calculated in terms of fugacity and activity coefficients, respectively. It then introduces the reader to the UNIFAC method and how it works, the procedure used in establishing the parameters needed for the model, prediction of binary and multicomponent vapor-liquid equilibria for a large number of systems, the potential of UNIFAC for predicting liquid-liquid equilibria, and how UNIFAC can be used to solve practical distillation design problems. This book will benefit process design engineers who want to reliably predict phase equilibria for designing distillation columns and other separation processes.

  • Mechanisms of Saccharide Polymerization and Depolymerization

    • 1 Edición
    • J Marshall
    • Inglés
    Mechanisms of Saccharide Polymerization and Depolymerization focuses on the role that various enzymes connected with sucrose play in controlling its concentration in the plant cell. This book discusses the reactions involved in the formation of lipid-linked saccharides. Organized into 30 chapters, this book starts with an overview of the effect of amphomycin on the transfer of radioactivity from mannosyl-phosphoryl-... to lipid-linked oligosaccharides and from lipid-linked oligosaccharides to glycoproteins. This text then presents the properties of sucrose synthetase and sucrose phosphate synthetase. Other chapters consider the mechanism for the acceptor reactions of dextransucrase. This book discusses as well the factors involved in the digestion of raw starch by black Aspergillus amylase and other fungal enzymes with strong raw starch digesting activity. The final chapter describes the reaction between reducing sugars and amino compounds whereby it is usually termed the Maillard reaction. This book is a valuable resource for biochemists, biophysicists, microbiologists, and pharmacologists.

  • Maize

    Recent Progress in Chemistry and Technology
    • 1 Edición
    • George Inglett
    • Inglés
    Maize: Recent Progress in Chemistry and Technology covers the proceedings of a symposium on the progress in chemistry and technology of maize. The symposium is held at the Seventh World Cereal and Bread Congress in Prague, Czechoslovakia on June 28–July 2, 1982. This book is composed of 16 chapters that focus on considerable progress in the composition and processing of maize. This text initially covers the composition of lipids in maize starches and the hemicelluloses content of corn seed. It goes on discussing corn bran as a source of dietary fiber; extrusion cooking of corn flours and starches; and use of debranching enzymes in dextrose production. Other chapters examine the effect of composition and structure of maize on double enzyme processing; the utilization of maize flour in breadmaking; the energy preservation in maize drying; and the drying conditions related to wet-milling of maize. A chapter also examines the biochemical and microbiological changes in stored maize. Moreover, this book also describes the effect of mycotoxin contamination in the maize field. Finally, moisture determinations in maize and maize germ flour prepared by supercritical carbon dioxide extraction are considered. This book will be a useful reference for students, scientists, technologists, and manufacturers who are involved in any facet of maize production and utilization.

  • Kinetic and Thermodynamic Lumping of Multicomponent Mixtures

    • 1 Edición
    • G. Astarita + 1 más
    • Inglés
    Information necessary to solve scientific or engineering problems is often so vast, that the need arises to lump information together into a more manageable subset in order to proceed. The idea of lumping is one which is used, more or less consciously, in a large variety of fields. The thermodynamics and kinetic behavior of multicomponent mixtures is an area where the requirements of lumping have been clearly identified and the techniques and results of lumping have been analyzed in considerable detail. This book comprises the proceedings of a Symposium on Kinetic and Thermodynamic Lumping of Multicomponent Mixtures which was held at the American Chemical Society Meeting in Atlanta, GA, in April 1991. Papers presented at the symposium consisted of both invited and contributed papers. Each invited paper was a review of a subfield within the landscape of the symposium while the contributed papers contain detailed analyses of specific problems. The symposium brought together active researchers in this field to report on and discuss the progress which has been made in the lumping of mixtures of very many components for a number of different applications, and to identify the important problem areas which still remain. This volume will serve both as an introduction to anyone entering the field, and as a reference work for more experienced researchers.

  • Poly (Ethylene Oxide)

    • 1 Edición
    • F.E. Jr. Bailey
    • Inglés
    Poly (ethylene oxide) discusses the molecular characteristics of a crystalline, thermoplastic, water-soluble polymer. The book presents the preparation of ethylene oxide; the synthesis of high and low molecular weight polymer; and the complexes with acrylic and methacrylic acid polymers. The text describes the radiation crosslinking of solutions and discusses the electrical conduction of saturated organic polymers. Another topic of interest is the surface tension and density of polyethylene glycol. The section that follows describes the reactivity and comonomer structure of copolymers. The book will provide valuable insights for chemists, students, and researchers in the field of organic chemistry.

  • The Elements of Polymer Science and Engineering

    An Introductory Text for Engineers and Chemists
    • 1 Edición
    • Alfred Rudin
    • Inglés
    This introductory text is intended as the basis for a two or three semester course in synthetic macromolecules. It can also serve as a self-instruction guide for engineers and scientists without formal training in the subject who find themselves working with polymers. For this reason, the material covered begins with basic concepts and proceeds to current practice, where appropriate.

  • Artificial Intelligence in Process Engineering

    • 1 Edición
    • Michael Mavrovouniotis
    • Inglés
    Artificial Intelligence in Process Engineering aims to present a diverse sample of Artificial Intelligence (AI) applications in process engineering. The book contains contributions, selected by the editors based on educational value and diversity of AI methods and process engineering application domains. Topics discussed in the text include the use of qualitative reasoning for modeling and simulation of chemical systems; the use of qualitative models in discrete event simulation to analyze malfunctions in processing systems; and the diagnosis of faults in processes that are controlled by Programmable Logic Controllers. There are also debates on the issue of quantitative versus qualitative information. The control of batch processes, a design of a system that synthesizes bioseparation processes, and process design in the domain of chemical (rather than biochemical) systems are likewise covered in the text. This publication will be of value to industrial engineers and process engineers and researchers.

  • Control System Design Guide:

    Using your Computer to Develop and Diagnose Feedback Controllers
    • 1 Edición
    • George Ellis
    • Inglés
    This is a practical approach to control techniques. The author covers background material on analog controllers, digital controllers, and filters. Commonly used controllers are presented. Extended use of PSpice (a popular circuit simulation program) is used in problem solving. The book is also documented with 50 computer programs that circuit designers can use.

  • Analytical Methods for Coal and Coal Products

    • 1 Edición
    • Clarence Jr. Karr
    • Inglés
    Analytical Methods for Coal and Coal Products, Volume I presents the analytical problems and methods for coal and its numerous products. This book discusses the technological importance of the measurement of the physical properties of coal. Organized into four parts encompassing 19 chapters, this volume starts with an overview of the petrographic analysis of coal wherein it involves two distinctive methods, namely, the reflected light and the transmitted light techniques. This text then discusses the means and methods of reflectance determination and proceeds to outline some of the results obtained and conclusions derived from them about the nature of coal. Other chapters explain the mechanical properties of coal, which are measured in order to predict its behavior in coal mines, coal winning, coal storage, coal comminution, coal handling, briquetting and agglomeration, and several other situations. The final chapter deals with the characterization of the liquid products of coal conversion. This book is a valuable resource for engineers, scientists, chemists, and researchers.

  • Polyacetylene

    Chemistry, Physics, and Material science
    • 1 Edición
    • James C.W. Chien
    • Inglés
    Polyacetylene: Chemistry, Physics, and Material Science reviews the chemistry, physics, and material science of polyacetylene. Topics covered include polymerization and crystal structure of polyacetylene, isomerization, neutral defects, and solitons. Globular morphology and the effect of heat of polymerization on polyacetylene are also discussed, along with doping and chemical reactions of polyacetylene. This book is comprised of 12 chapters and begins with an introduction to a few basic principles of polymer chemistry and solid-state physics, followed by an overview of charge-transfer salts and conducting polymers other than polyacetylene and a historical background on polyacetylene and a general description of its properties. The next chapter gives a detailed treatment of polymerization, with particular reference to the mechanisms and kinetics of acetylene polymerization and direct determination of polyacetylene molecular weight by radioquenching. The remaining chapters focus on the crystal structures and morphology of undoped polyacetylenes; methods of isomerization; spectroscopic, physical, and mechanical properties of undoped polyacetylene; and various chemical reactions of polyacetylene and polymethylacetylene. The probable mechanisms of doping are proposed and theoretical models for polyacetylene are presented. The final chapter considers a few technical applications of polyacetylene. This monograph will be of interest to chemists, physicists, and polymer scientists and engineers.

  • Biochemical and Photosynthetic Aspects of Energy Production

    • 1 Edición
    • Anthony San Pietro
    • Inglés
    Biochemical and Photosynthetic Aspects of Energy Production describes the biological processes that may serve to provide alternative energy sources. This book contains nine chapters that specifically tackle the utilization of biological and agricultural wastes, energy farming, and leaf protein. The introductory chapters deal with the dynamics of seaweed growth, the physical properties controlling them, and the elements of algal-bacterial systems. These topics are followed by a discussion on the potential for the production of meaningful amounts of gaseous and liquid fuels, as well as selected organic chemicals from residues and biomass. The following chapters examine the fundamentals and principles of nitrogen fixation, the factors that affect the possibilities of success in energy farming projects, and the development and atmospheric consequences of oxygen and carbon dioxide cycles. The concluding chapters explore the mechanism of glycerol production in the Dunaliella alga and the energy analysis in biofuel production. Biochemists, biologists, and researchers in the fields of alternative fuels will find this book of great value.

  • Biochemical Actions of Hormones V7

    • 1 Edición
    • Gerald Litwack
    • Inglés
    Biochemical Actions of Hormones, Volume VII is a nine-chapter text that covers a broad range of subjects representing research efforts on hormone action. This book deals first with the developments on hormones of the thymus and the evidence on the regulation of liver steroid and drug metabolism by the hypothalamus and anterior pituitary. These topics are followed by discussions on the regulation by neurotransmitters in the hypothalamus of LHRH and somatostatin; the hormonal regulation of protein degradation in liver and in isolated cells; and the hormonal regulation of lipid mobilization from adipose tissue. Considerable chapters are devoted to steroid hormone mechanisms and the cell genetics of glucocorticoid responsiveness. The remaining chapters explore the mero-receptor and androgenic regulation in male accessory tissue. These chapters also highlight the molecular biological aspects of thyroid hormone action. This volume is an ideal source for biologists, biochemists, and researchers working in the subject and in related fields.

  • Automated Stream Analysis for Process Control V1

    • 1 Edición
    • Dan Manka
    • Inglés
    Automated Stream Analysis for Process Control, Volume 1 provides information pertinent to stream analyzers and its elements, including the system, construction, control, and operation. This book examines the results of the analysis, which must be used properly by the computer in order to regulate the process controls so that the process stream will obtain its ultimate goal. Organized into 12 chapters, this volume starts with an overview of the uses of liquid flow-injection analytical devices in process control applications within the chemical production plant. This text then examines the initial two techniques, namely, ion chromatography and ion exclusion chromatography that are used to analyze over 90 varieties of ions down to part-per-billion in aqueous streams in laboratory applications in academic, government, and industrial laboratories. Other chapters consider monitoring of gas streams generated from process development units. Chemists, chemical engineers, analytical chemists, as well as laboratory and plant managers will find this book extremely useful.

  • Redistribution Reactions

    • 1 Edición
    • J.C. Lockhart
    • Inglés
    Redistribution Reactions is a comprehensive coverage of redistribution phenomena for the entire Periodic Table. This book is organized into two sections encompassing 10 chapters that tackle the concepts of structural reorganization. Part I provides first an overview of redistribution reactions, followed by a discussion on a series of techniques capable of detecting all compounds in a redistribution reaction, including electronic, vibrational, and nuclear magnetic spectroscopy, X-ray crystallography, mass spectroscopy, polarography, chromatography, and the use of phase diagram. Part II is devoted to the redistribution reactions of the elements under Periodic Group headings with available kinetics or thermodynamics information. This part also presents valuable structural information of the group elements, such as their vibrational frequencies and chemical shifts. This work will be of convenient reference for researchers already working on redistribution and for a more general range of research workers in inorganic chemistry who require information on scrambling for a specific element.

  • Biochemical Correlates of Brain Structure and Function

    • 1 Edición
    • A.N. Davison
    • Inglés
    Biochemical Correlates of Brain Structure and Function deals with the biochemical correlates of brain structure and function, providing some examples of contemporary work interrelating structure with function of the nervous system. The developing brain provides a system for this kind of study, but broad correlates are also drawn between changing biochemistry and increasing physiological activity. This book is organized into nine chapters and begins with an overview of biochemical, morphological, and functional changes in the developing brain, as well as the underlying molecular basis of nerve differentiation and growth of the developing brain. An account of the concept of the cell cycle and its control is also given. The reader is methodically introduced to the properties of the developing retina and its functional biochemistry, with specific reference to the cyclic nucleotides; the use of selective lesioning to delineate GABA-ergic and cholinergic tracts as well as the catecholamine pathways; and cerebral blood flow alteration in concert with mental activity. The remaining chapters explore regions of the brain with altered glucose utilization in response to changes in local functional activity; the physiologically important factors regulating the supply of oxygen and glucose and the relation of metabolic rate to the metabolic state of the brain; and varying aspects of behavioral neurochemistry. This book is intended for chemists and biologists as well as students of biochemistry.

  • Principles of Desalination

    • 1 Edición
    • K Spiegler
    • Inglés
    Principles of Desalination focuses on the principles of the developing technology of large-scale desalting. This book presents the principal desalting methods and explores the process of hyperfiltration or reverse osmosis. Comprised of 11 chapters, this book starts with an overview of the water use and the problem of a potential water shortage. This text then discusses the fundamentals of the major desalting methods in use and explores the basic scientific and design principles that underlie the methods. Other chapters consider the method of vapor reheat distillation, which incorporates the liquid–liquid heat exchange principle. This book discusses as well the various aspects of ion exchange and explores the mechanisms in dual-purpose plants producing both distilled water and steam-turbine raised power. The final chapter considers the cost of conventional water supplies. This book is a valuable resource for technologists and scientists. Students in the graduate courses of engineering will also find this book useful.

  • Phosphorimetry

    • 1 Edición
    • M Zander
    • Inglés
    Phosphorimetry presents the various aspects of the spectro-analytical method known as phosphorimetry. The monograph provides an introduction to the theoretical and experimental foundations of the phosphorescence of organic compounds; techniques and instrumentation used in phosphorimetry; and applications to different fields of analysis. Organic and inorganic chemists, biochemists, pharmacologists, and analysts whose work involves spectroscopic relationships and techniques will find the book very interesting.

  • Coordination polymerization

    A Memorial to Karl Ziegler
    • 1 Edición
    • James C.W. Chien
    • Inglés
    Coordination Polymerization contains the proceedings of a symposium sponsored by the American Chemical Society and held at the University of California-Los Angeles on April 3, 1974. The papers explore developments in coordination polymerization and cover topics ranging from stereoselection and stereoelection in α-olefin polymerization to heterogeneous Ziegler-Natta polymerization; transition metal alkyl polymerization catalysts; chain transfer in Ziegler-type polymerization of ethylene; and stereospecific polymerization of diolefins by h3-allylic coordination complexes. This book is comprised of 13 chapters and begins with a discussion on Karl Ziegler's major contributions to the chemistry of free radicals, organo-alkali metal compounds, many-membered rings, and organotransition metallic compounds. The next two chapters focus on the origin of steric control in the polymerization of α-olefins, with emphasis on steroselection and stereoelection as well as the influence of the chirality of the transition metal on the stereoregularity of the resulting polymer. The problem of counting active sites is then addressed, and results obtained with various methods are compared. The mechanisms of initiation, propagation, termination, and transfers in polymerizations by (π-C5H5)2 TiCl2 catalysts are also considered, along with polymerizations by allyl, benzyl, trimethylsilmethyl, and other derivatives of Ti and Zr. The last three chapters examine the kinetics of Ziegler-Natta polymerization; the Langmuir adsorption mechanism; supported Ziegler-Natta catalysts; factors that affect the stereoregularity of polymerization of propylene by supported catalysts; and polymerizations of diolefins to equibinary polymers by h3-allylic coordination complexes. This monograph will be of interest to chemists as well as polymer scientists and engineers.

  • Food And Energy Resources

    • 1 Edición
    • David Pimentel
    • Inglés
    Food and Energy Resources provides an understanding of the influence of energy, land, and water resources on food production. Future supplies of energy resources will have a major impact on the ability of humans to provide themselves with food. A better understanding of these issues will help society make sound choices and enable government leaders to develop and organize the necessary programs for the effective use of energy and food resources. The book begins with a discussion of the energy flow in the food system. This is followed by chapters that examine alternatives for the use of the external solar energy; the role of energy in world agriculture and food supply; the energy, land, and labor inputs in several major crop systems in northeastern China; and energy and food relationships in developing countries. Subsequent chapters deal with issues such as the use of renewable energy sources and the extent to which agricultural resources are used to produce food or fuel. This book will provide engineers, economists, agriculturists, geographers, ecologists, nutritionists, sociologists, and natural resource specialists a perspective that will help solve the problem of providing food for people while protecting natural resources.

  • Mixing V1

    Theory and Practice
    • 1 Edición
    • Vincent Uhl
    • Inglés
    Mixing: Theory and Practice, Volume 1 focuses on the mechanisms and applications of mixing in turbulent flow. This book discusses the theoretical and empirical methods that provide a basis for predicting the process as well as the mechanical performance characteristics of equipment used in different types of mixing operations. Comprised of five chapters, this volume starts with an overview of the mixing process, which tends to reduce gradients or nonuniformities in properties, composition, or temperature of materials in bulk. This text then explores the mixing operations that involve the transfer of a component to or from an equipment surface or boundary. Other chapters discuss the kinds of problems that occur in the design and use of mixing equipment, including the selection of size, type, and operating conditions. The final chapter deals with heat transfer where agitation is provided by mechanical devices. Development, design, and operating engineers will find this book extremely useful.

  • Experiences in Biochemical Perception

    • 1 Edición
    • L Ornston
    • Inglés
    Experiences in Biochemical Perception discusses the breadth of contributions of I. C. Gunsalus, a versatile biochemist, in the field of biochemistry. This book explores the mechanism of electron transport to protein structure and documents the interface between the Gunsalus laboratory and the physicists. Organized into five parts encompassing 27 chapters, this book starts with a description of metabolic processes and the study of pyruvate oxidation. This text then illustrates how studies of microbial respiration led to the discovery of pyridoxl phosphate. Other chapters review dehydrogenases that participate in the dissimilation of branch-chain aromatic acids. This book further discusses the phosphorus–nitrogen bond in phosphorylated proteins and the inactivation of glutamine synthetase. The final chapter describes the elucidation of the function of the coenzyme biotin and generalizes about the use of bacteria in nutritional studies. This book is a valuable resource for readers and researchers engaged in the study of genetics, enzymology, microbiology, chemistry, and spectroscopy.

  • Catalytic Hydrogenation in Organic Syntheses

    • 1 Edición
    • Rylander
    • Inglés
    Catalytic Hydrogenation in Organic Syntheses focuses on the process of catalytic hydrogenation in organic synthesis. This book gives the reader easy access to catalytic history, to show what can be done and how to do it. A variety of working generalities and common sense guides are given as aids in selecting catalytic metal, catalyst support, concentration of metal and catalyst, solvent, and reaction conditions. All manner of hydrogenation catalysts are considered and mechanisms of hydrogenation are presented at a level that is useful to the synthetic organic chemist. This volume is comprised of 15 chapters and begins with an overview of catalytic hydrogenation and heterogeneous hydrogenation catalysts, along with hydrogenation reactors and reaction conditions. The discussion then shifts to the hydrogenation of compounds such as acetylenes, olefins, aldehydes, ketones, nitriles, oximes, acids, esters, lactones, anhydrides, and nitro compounds as well as carbocyclic aromatics and heterocyclic compounds. The reader is also introduced to reductive alkylation, catalytic dehydrohalogenation, and hydrogenolysis of small rings. A chapter on miscellaneous hydrogenolyses concludes the book. This book will be of interest to organic chemists working in the field of catalytic hydrogenation.

  • Duplex Systems

    Hot-dip Galvanizing Plus Painting
    • 1 Edición
    • J.F.H. van Eijnsbergen
    • Inglés
    This book is unique in several aspects.• It is the first comprehensive text ever written on the subject of duplex systems, which is the generic term for painted hot-dip galvanized steel.• Both the traditional batch hot-dip galvanizing process and the modern sheet galvanizing processes are covered.• The author offers a combination of practical information, which will enable the engineer to select the proper materials, and scientific background information.• The practical guidelines are backed up and supported by an impressive amount of technical and scientific discussions and justifications.• Modern surface analysis tools and recent applications are described.• The world literature on the subject matter is covered and is up to date.Duplex systems, which are based on the synergistic effect of galvanizing and painting, offer maximum protection against corrosion of steel surfaces in environments where galvanized steel alone cannot offer a sufficiently long resistance against rust formation. Since adhesion problems can be eliminated by the correct application of special paint products, and by sophisticated surface pretreatment and modern surface analyzing methods, duplex systems are nowadays used in a large number of industrial and domestic applications. Major savings can thus be achieved on materials and maintenance cost. Duplex systems serve also where colour is required, e.g. for aesthetic reasons, for enhancing visibility or for camouflaging.The author of this book has an unsurpassed experience in this field and the many case histories of successful (and unsuccessful) use of duplex systems for corrosion prevention provide a wealth of practical information. Including 108 colour illustrations, the book will be useful to a large group of industries, such as the paint, metallurgical, galvanizing, building, automotive, electrical and chemical industries.

  • Advanced Technical Ceramics

    • 1 Edición
    • Shigeyuki Somiya
    • Inglés
    Advanced Technical Ceramics provides a thorough overview of technical ceramics. This book is divided into three parts encompassing 13 chapters that cover all aspects of technical ceramics, including definitions, raw materials, electronic and mechanical materials and processes, and biomaterials. Part I deals with the classification of ceramics by their chemical composition, mineral content, processing and production methods, properties, and uses. This part also includes the synthetic raw materials, production processes, and thermo-mechanical properties of ceramics. Part II describes the electrical, electronic, magnetic, thermal, chemical, and optical properties of ceramics, as well as their biomedical applications. Part III focuses on several precision machining methods for ceramics, such as cutting, grinding, lapping, polishing, and laser processing. Ceramics scientists, engineers, and researchers will find this text invaluable.

  • Colloidal Gold

    Principles, Methods, and Applications
    • 1 Edición
    • Inglés
    Since its introduction in 1971, the development and application of colloidal gold as a marker in electron microscopy has been phenomenal. Colloidal gold has become the method of choice in immunocytochemistry and many areas of cell biology. This universal method is applicable to most microscopical systems including optical microscopy; scanning, transmission, and high voltage electron microscopy; photoelectron, photon, fluorescent darkfield, and epipolarization microscopy. Colloidal gold allows high and low resolution studies, enzyme and nucleic acid labeling, study of dynamic cellular processes, and virus detection. This book is among the first available to cover the principles and methodology of colloidal gold in microscopy.

  • Polymer Solutions

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 9
    • H. Fujita
    • Inglés
    Remarkable progress has been made in the last two decades in the study of concentrated polymer solutions leading to many new concepts, theories, and techniques in the field of polymer science. Any description of the theory of polymer solutions is now insufficient unless both concentrated and dilute solutions are given equal attention. This book reviews recent developments in the study of dilute and concentrated polymer solutions, emphasizing mainly the typical equilibrium and steady-state dynamic properties of linear homopolymers. The author strives to clarify the gap which still remains open between current theories and well-documented experimental results, thereby stimulating further efforts toward a more accurate understanding of polymer solutions.The book contains a collection of typical experimental data and their comparison with current theories, molecular or phenomenological, a summary of recent advances in the physics of concentrated polymer solutions and melts, and an elementary account of the renormalization group theory as applied to dilute solutions. Polymer Solutions should prove invaluable as a reference work for graduate students and specialists in this field.

  • Solvent Crazing of Polymers

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 13
    • A.L. Volynskii + 1 más
    • Inglés
    The problems related to crazing in polymers are of special interest to polymer scientists since only polymers display this universal phenomenon and no analogues are available for low-molecular-mass compounds. The important problems of solvent crazing and the development of a universal description of polymer structure and properties have received much attention from many leading scientists. Nevertheless, some aspects of polymer crazing are still unclear, and scientific activities in this area are in progress.This work provides an up-to-date account of scientific advances in the area of solvent crazing. The principal features and stages of solvent crazing (craze nucleation, craze tip advance, craze thickening, and craze collapse at high strains) are described. Additionally, the authors present information concerning the activities of Russian scientists in this area, which might have escaped the attention of their colleagues because of the language barrier.

  • Biochemical Actions of Hormones V9

    • 1 Edición
    • Gerald Litwack
    • Inglés
    Biochemical Actions of Hormones, Volume IX is an 11-chapter text that provides the developments in the theoretical and experimental understanding of hormonal actions and regulation. After presenting an overview of research on peptide and steroid hormones, this volume goes on exploring the lipotropins and their active degradation products, as well as the adenylate cyclase enzyme regulation by adrenergic receptors. These topics are followed by discussions on the potassium ion conductance in the pancreatic beta cell; the concept of the insulin sensitive chemoreceptor of the central nervous system; the estrogen-induced growth factors and their role in tumor cell growth; and the nuclear acceptors for the avian progesterone receptor. Other chapters consider the structural aspects of steroid hormones and their receptors, with an emphasis on the importance of pyridoxal phosphate research studies on a better understanding of the steroid receptors function. This book also looks into an affinity label for glucocorticoid receptors and the development of a polyclonal antibody for this receptor. The concluding chapter emphasizes the regulation of the steroid sulfotransferases. This volume will be of great value to biologists, biochemists, and researchers who are interested in the biochemical aspects of hormones.

  • Fragrance Chemistry

    The Science of the Sense of Smell
    • 1 Edición
    • Ernst T. Theimer
    • Inglés
    This book has been prepared as an introduction to the chemistry of odorous molecules. While there exist a number of works of an encyclopedic nature which cover this field, there is none which treats the subjectin an instructional fashion. To fill this gap, a group of scientists, types from the chemical point of view, to present to the reader the panorama of those molecules that stimulate the sense of smell. To make the picture complete, the chapters that are strictly chemical in content are preceded by several that introduce the topics of the physiology of the olfactory system, the current hypotheses on the mechanism of the sense of smell, and the structure-odor relationships in odorous molecules. There is also a treatment of analytical techniques which have become important to fragrance chemical research and testing.

  • Chemical and Biochemical Applications of Lasers V3

    • 1 Edición
    • C. Bradley Moore
    • Inglés
    Chemical and Biochemical Applications of Lasers, Volume III presents the fundamental principles and methods of selective photophysical and photochemical processes. The book discusses isotopic separations and related research for each eight classes of laser methods, and their applications in chemistry, biology, and materials science. The experimental results on multiphoton infrared processes and their theoretical interpretation are likewise thoroughly discussed and described. Organic and inorganic chemists, physical chemists, and optical physicists will find the text a valuable reference material.

  • Biochemical Actions of Hormones V14

    • 1 Edición
    • Gerald Litwack
    • Inglés
    Biochemical Actions of Hormones, Volume XIV is a compendium of papers dealing with DNA regulatory elements, leukotriene receptors, hormonal regulation of sodium-proton exchange activity, the structure of the mammalian progesterone receptor, stimulus-response, and signaling systems. One paper analyzes the hormonal factors that regulate the kinetic properties of the plasma membrane Na+ -H+ exchanger in epithelia and relates the control mechanisms to specific physiological function. Aqueous two-phase partitioning is a method that can be used in the study of steroid receptor activation and other conversions or interactions of steroid receptors. Using the two-phase partitioning, one can form a model of molecular changes during activation based on changes in the steroid receptor physico-chemical properties associated with the activation in vitro-phase. Another paper investigates the hypothesis that early androgenic modulation of nuclear effector-independent PKs is intimately related to the initial events in androgenic control of gene expression in the prostate. One paper describes the interaction between the estrogen receptor with DNA and the mechanism of transcription regulation by steroid receptors. Another paper reviews the role of GTP-binding proteins in receptor-mediated activation of phospholipase C, the formation and metabolism of novel inositol phosphates, as well as the possible role of protein kinase C in signal modulation. Micro-biologists, biochemists, molecular biologists, cellular biologists, and investigators in the field of cell research will find this collection useful.

  • Chemical and Biochemical Applications of Lasers V2

    • 1 Edición
    • C. Bradley Moore
    • Inglés
    Chemical and Biochemical Applications of Lasers, Volume II illustrates the current and potential applications of lasers in new fields of research in chemistry, biology, and other important fields. The book covers the laser spectroscopy of molecular jets; methods of high-resolution spectroscopy; vibrational relaxation in condensed phases; the distributions of quantum states encountered in chemical lasers and laser-induced chemical reactions; the hydrodynamics of biological systems; and developments in lasers such as the rare gas halide ultraviolet laser, which will find important new applications in chemistry and biology. Chemists, biologists, and physicists will find the book educational and insightful.

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