Saltar al contenido principal
Elsevier

Libros en Química

  • Nonaqueous Electrolytes Handbook

    • 1 Edición
    • G.J. Janz
    • Inglés
    Nonaqueous Electrolytes Handbook, Volume II, is an authoritative and updated information source for nonaqueous solvent systems. The information in this handbook covers literature to 1973 and includes data for some 310 solvent systems. This volume has been organized to include 11 well-defined areas: Solubilities of Electrolytes; EMF and Potentiometric Titrations; Vapor Pressures; Cryoscopy; Heats of Solution Calorimetry; Polarography; Ligand Exchange Rates and Electrode Reactions; Electrical Double Layer; Spectroscopy and Structure of Electrolytes; Organic Electrolyte Battery Systems; and Additional References and Data Sources. The section on polarography is divided further according to inorganic electrolytes, organic electrolytes, and organometallic compounds, in order to present the wealth of data in a concise and orderly manner. As in Volume I, the last section covers additional data sources, reviews, and data and references that were received too late to include in the earlier sections. The method of presentation of material is briefly described in the introduction to each section to facilitate the use of the tabulated information and bibliographies are given at the end of each section. A Compound Index is included.

  • Methods for Oxidation of Organic Compounds V1

    Alcohols, Alcohol Derivatives, Alky Halides, Nitroalkanes, Alkyl Azides, Carbonyl Compounds Hydroxyarenes and Aminoarenes
    • 1 Edición
    • Alan Haines
    • Inglés
    Methods for the Oxidation of Organic Compounds: Alkanes, Alkenes, Alkynes, and Arenes is an account of the different methods used for the controlled oxidation of alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, and arenes. Most of the oxidative techniques considered are illustrated with detailed experimental procedures taken from the literature. This book is comprised of five chapters and begins with a discussion on alkanes, alkyl groups, and hydrocarbon residues. The formation of alkenes, alcohols, hydroperoxides, dialkyl peroxides, cyclic peroxides, ethers, and esters as well as aldehydes, ketones, and carboxylic acids is described, together with the aromatization of cyclic systems. The following chapters are devoted to alkenes, alkynes, and arenes and focus on the formation of compounds ranging from 1,2-diols and oxiranes (1,2-epoxides) to 1,2-dicarbonyl compounds, phenols and their derivatives, and quinones. The formation of dialkynes by oxidative coupling of 1-alkynes is described, along with the oxidative cleavage of arenes and oxidative coupling of phenols. This monograph should be of interest to organic chemists and research students.

  • Isonitrile Chemistry

    • 1 Edición
    • Ivar Ugi
    • Inglés
    Organic Chemistry, Volume 20: Isonitrile Chemistry discusses the fundamental aspects of the chemistry of isonitriles. This book provides an introduction to as well as a thorough coverage of isonitrile chemistry. Organized into 10 chapters, this volume begins with an overview of the general properties and structure of isonitriles. This text then examines the quantitative study of the kinetics of isonitrile rearrangement as well as the principal resonance structure of the isonitrile molecule. Other chapters consider the experimental and theoretical findings on the fall-off behavior of the unimolecular rate constants of different isonitriles with pressure. This book discusses as well the behavior of isonitriles toward a center of low electron density, which is particularly manifested in the reactivity of alkyl and aryl isonitriles toward diborane and alkyl or arylboranes. The final chapter deals with the inorganic coordination chemistry of isonitriles. This book is a valuable resource for organic chemists.

  • Fourier Transform Infrared Spectra

    Applications to Chemical Systems
    • 1 Edición
    • John R. Ferraro + 1 más
    • Inglés
    Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy: Applications to Chemical Systems presents the chemical applications of the Fourier transform interferometry (FT-IR). The book contains discussions on the applications of FT-IR in the fields of chromatography FT-IR, polymers and biological macromolecules, emission spectroscopy, matrix isolation, high-pressure interferometry, and far infrared interferometry. The final chapter is devoted to the presentation of the use of FT-IR in solving national technical problems such as air pollution, space exploration, and energy related subjects. Research and analytical chemists will find the book insightful.

  • Chemisorption and Magnetization

    • 1 Edición
    • P. W. Selwood
    • Inglés
    Chemisorption and Magnetization focuses on particle size determination and on the number of adsorbent atoms affected when any molecule is adsorbed on a surface. This book examines the adsorption of a molecule on the surface of a ferromagnetic solid that produces a change in the magnetization of the solid. Organized into 12 chapters, this book starts with an overview of the experimental methods used for studying chemisorption and magnetization, which are applicable in granulometry. This text then discusses the measurement of saturation magnetization in a ferromagnetic substance in the form of small particles. Other chapters consider the conditions in a typical nickel silica hydrogenation catalyst. This text examines as well the magnetization at moderate fields and near room temperature. The final chapter deals with the properties and complexities of palladium, platinum, and nickel. Students and researchers interested in heterogeneous catalysis and related areas will find this book extremely useful.

  • Ozonation in Organic Chemistry V1

    • 1 Edición
    • Philip S. Bailey
    • Inglés
    Ozonation in Organic chemistry, Volume I: Olefinic Compounds covers the historical background of ozone reactions with organic substances and the mechanisms of these reactions. Composed of 12 chapters, this book first deals with the development of the available theory of all ozone reactions, such as the Harries and Staudinger theories, particularly the Criegee mechanism of ozonolysis. This text then describes the step-by-step mechanism of the classical ozonolysis reaction of olefins and how it evolved. Considerable chapters are devoted to the reactions that compete with ozonolysis, such as epoxidation and other partial cleavage reactions. Both liquid- and gas-phase ozone reactions are explored in other chapters. This volume will appeal to those who are interested in exploring the frontiers of ozone-organic chemistry.

  • Silica Glass and Binary Silicate Glasses

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 15A
    • Inglés
    Physical Sciences Data, Volume 15: Handbook of Glass Data: Silica Glass and Binary Silicate Glasses, Part A presents information on the systems capable of forming glasses by cooling melts. This book provides data on the crystallization rates of glasses. Organized into six chapters, this volume begins with an overview of the melt properties for the glass-forming systems. This text then examines the notion of a component that is very significant for determining the number of components in each investigated glass. Other chapters consider the contents of several oxides of the same element but in different valent state as the reason to transfer a glass to the category of the increased number of components. This book discusses as well the analytical composition of glass. The final chapter deals with flotation method using tetrabromoethane and benzene mixture. This book is a valuable resource for glass specialists, chemists, engineers, scientists, and information science workers.

  • Cyclophanes

    • 1 Edición
    • Philip Keehn
    • Inglés
    Cyclophanes, Volume I is a collection of papers that reviews cyclophane chemistry. One paper describes the genesis of the cyclophane concept, covering its past, present, and future possible applications. The results of experimental and theoretical studies show the interrelationships between the structure and energetics in the class of compounds known as cyclophanes. Another paper relates the X-ray crystal structure determinations of cyclophanes to set the crystallographic and structural data of these systems in such a form that will enable comparisons, lead to an understanding of the geometries and deviations, and open the application of data to other areas of cyclophane chemistry. One paper reviews the methods by which nuclear magnetic resonance is applied to assign stereochemistry in the fixed phanes to show the conformational effects that have been observed in the mobile phanes. Another paper explains the synthesis, chemical, and physical properties of [n]cyclophanes, including systems with benzene, naphthalene, anthracene rings, heteroaromatics pyridine, furan, pyrrole, and thiophene. This collection can greatly profit researchers and academicians in the fields of organic chemistry, physical chemistry, and other scientists whose works revolve around aromatic compounds and cyclophanes.

  • Photochemical Synthesis

    • 1 Edición
    • I. Ninomiya + 1 más
    • Inglés
    The Best Synthetic Methods Series is aimed at practising organic chemists who require up-to-date details of working methods for the synthesis of organic compounds. This volume concentrates on the synthesis of compounds with specifictypes of structures which has not been possible by standard thermal methods. For ease of use the photochemical reactions covered have been presented by their functional groups.

  • Handbook of Preparative Inorganic Chemistry V2

    • 2 Edición
    • Georg Brauer
    • Inglés
    Handbook of Preparative Inorganic Chemistry, Volume 2, Second Edition focuses on the methods, mechanisms, and chemical reactions involved in conducting experiments on inorganic chemistry. Composed of contributions of various authors, the second part of the manual focuses on elements and compounds. Included in the discussions are copper, silver, and gold. Numerical calculations and diagrams are presented to show the properties, compositions, and chemical reactions of these materials when exposed to varying laboratory conditions. The manual also looks at other elements such as scandium, yttrium, titanium, zirconium, hafnium, and thorium. Lengthy discussions on the characteristics and nature of these elements are presented. The third part of the guidebook discusses special compounds. The manual also provides formula and subject index, including an index for procedures, materials, and devices. Considering the value of information presented, the manual can best serve the interest of readers and scientists wanting to institute a system in the conduct of experiments in laboratories.

  • Photochemistry and Photobiology of Nucleic Acids

    • 1 Edición
    • Shih-Yi Wang
    • Inglés
    Photochemistry and Photobiology of Nucleic Acids, Volume I: Chemistry covers the historical developments in the study of photobiology and photochemistry of nucleic acid components. This volume is divided into 12 chapters that deal with the isolation and characterization of ultraviolet photoproducts of pyrimidines. After briefly covering the concepts of photochemistry of nucleic acids, this volume goes on describing the UV-induced physical and chemical alterations in nucleic acid components, such as pyrimidines, purines, their nucleosides and nucleotides, and related compounds. Significant chapters are devoted to mass and nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry and crystal and molecular structure determinations by X-ray diffraction. Together with the pertinent examples, a short discussion on the theory and techniques is also presented in each chapter. This volume also includes a chapter on radiation chemistry to examine the close relationship between the chemical effects of UV-light and X- or gamma-radiation. This volume is of value to researchers who are active in the study of photochemistry and photobiology in nucleic acids as well as to advanced undergraduate and graduate students interested in this field.

  • The Chemical Physics of Solid Surfaces

    • 1 Edición
    • D.A. King
    • Inglés
    The Chemical Physics of Solid Surfaces, Volume 6: Coadsorption, Promoters, and Poisons focuses on the processes, reactions, and approaches involved in coadsorption and the functions of promoters and poisons in synthesis and reactions. The selection first offers information on adsorbate-adsorbate interactions on metal surfaces and interaction between alkali metal adsorbates and adsorbed molecules. Discussions focus on coadsorption of alkali metals and other molecules; model experiments of catalyst promotion; effective medium theory; direct and indirect hybridization effects; and elastic interaction between adsorbates. The publication then ponders on coadsorption of carbon monoxide and hydrogen on metal surfaces and adsorption on bimetallic surfaces. The manuscript examines the chemical properties of alloy single crystal surfaces and promotion in ammonia synthesis. Topics include substrate dependence of nitrogen adsorption and ammonia synthesis; effects of promotion on nitrogen dissociation and ammonia synthesis; and theoretical modeling. The text then elaborates on promotion in the Fischer-Tropsch hydrocarbon synthesis, promoters and poisons in the water-gas shift reaction, and strong metal-support interactions. The selection is a recommended reference for physicists and readers interested in coadsorption, promoters, and poisons.

  • Orbital Symmetry

    A Problem - Solving Approach
    • 1 Edición
    • Roland Lehr
    • Inglés
    Orbital Symmetry: A Problem-Solving Approach reviews the methods of analyzing pericyclic reactions. Problem solving is the foundation of this book, providing problems in introductory and theory sections to prepare readers for the more extensive chapters that follow. All problems, except those in Chapter VIII, are answered in this text and are fully referenced where appropriate. Many of the problems require the use of molecular models, while Prentice-Hall's “Framework Molecular Models” and Benjamin's “Maruzen Models” are best suited for the construction of the highly strained molecules. This publication is addressed primarily to advanced undergraduate and beginning graduate students concerned with analyzing pericyclic reactions.

  • Elastomers and Rubber Compounding Materials

    • 1 Edición
    • I Franta
    • Inglés
    Elastomers and Rubber Compounding Materials reviews the properties of elastomers and particular groups of ingredients and chemicals mixed into the basic elastomer to form a rubber compound. After introducing the history of rubber industry and the general properties of rubber, the book discusses the properties, classification, concentration, stabilization, modification, application, transport, and storage of latex. It presents as well the methods of production, composition, physical properties, and chemical reactions of dry rubber. The book then focuses on the production and classification of different synthetic rubbers, such as styrene-butadiene, isoprene, butadiene, ethylene-propylene, and chloroprene. It also discusses the production, properties, and applications of elastomers, vulcanization chemicals, fillers, stabilizers, plasticizers, blowing agents, and textile reinforcing materials used in formulating rubber compounds. This book will be of great value not only to those who are in the rubber industry, but also to students of polymer science and rubber technology.

  • Organochromium compounds

    • 1 Edición
    • R Sneeden
    • Inglés
    Organochromium Compounds is a three-chapter text that covers the major developments in the preparation, characterization, and reaction of the five main classes of organochromium compounds. These classes include the chromium π and solvated sodium and lithium poly(organo)chromate... and (II) complexes, carbenoid-chromium, solvated σ-bonded organochromium(III) and (II), solvated sodium and lithium poly(organo)chromate... and (II) complexes, and unsolvated σ-bonded tetra(organo)chromiu... compounds. This book will be of value to organic chemists and researchers who are interested in organotransition metal chemistry.

  • Photochemistry of Air Pollution

    • 1 Edición
    • Philip Leighton
    • Inglés
    Photochemistry of Air Pollution provides information pertinent to air pollution and atmospheric chemistry. This book discusses the photochemical reactions produced by sunlight may convert relatively harmless pollutants into substances that constitute a nuisance, create possible health hazard, and cause economic problem to humans. Organized into 10 chapters, this book starts with an overview of the problem of air pollution, particularly photochemical smog. This text then discusses the factors that collectively determine the amount and spectral distribution of the radiation entering a surface layer of the atmosphere. Other chapters compare the specific absorption rates of several absorbers that are present in the air during periods of photochemical smog, including oxygen, ozone, nitrogen dioxide, sulfur dioxide, ketones, peroxides, and particulate matter. The final chapter deals with the process of formation of the substances responsible for the physiological effects of eye irritation and plant damage. This book is a valuable resource for photochemists and air pollution scientists.

  • Metabolomics Coming of Age with its Technological Diversity

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 67
    • Inglés
    Advances in Botanical Research publishes in-depth and up-to-date reviews on a wide range of topics in plant sciences. Currently in its 67th volume, the series features several reviews by recognized experts on all aspects of plant genetics, biochemistry, cell biology, molecular biology, physiology and ecology. This thematic volume features reviews on metabolomics coming of age with its technological diversity.

  • Survey of Progress in Chemistry

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 7
    • Arthur Scott
    • Inglés
    Survey of Progress in Chemistry, Volume 7 provides information pertinent to the essential developments in chemistry. This book discusses the several topics related to chemistry, including thermodynamics, electron transfer, photochemical reaction pathways, and cosmochemistry. Organized into five chapters, this volume begins with an overview of the physical and chemical properties of the moon. This text then examines the art of applying chemical principles to studies of the nature and origins of extraterrestrial objects. Other chapters consider the photochemistry of coordination compounds. This book discusses as well the study of the kinetics and mechanisms of inorganic compounds, particularly coordination complexes, which comprises an essential part of the total effort in inorganic chemistry. The final chapter deals with some general features of the second law of thermodynamics, which is well known to be expressible by a number of various statements. This book is a valuable resource for chemists, cosmochemists, and chemistry teachers.

  • Organometallic Polymers

    • 1 Edición
    • Charles E. Jr. Carraher
    • Inglés
    Organometallic Polymers focuses on the synthesis, characterization, and potential applications of organometallic polymers. The discussion is organized around seven themes: vinyl polymerization of organometallic monomers; condensation polymerization of organometallic monomers; polymer-bound catalysts; applications of organotin polymers; developments in organosilicon polymers; phosphonitrile and sulfur nitride polymers; and coordination polymers. This book is comprised of 33 chapters and begins with a general review of polymerized vinyl monomers containing transition metals, as well as the reactivity of such monomers in addition to homo- and copolymerizations. The following chapters explore the participation of the ferrocene nucleus in the polymerization of vinylferrocene and its effect on polymer properties; thermomechanical transitions of ferrocene-containing polymers; photocrosslinkable organometallic polyesters; and supported catalysts for ethylene polymerization. The remaining sections discuss antifouling applications of various tin-containing organometallic polymers; structure and applications of polyphosphazenes and polymeric sulfur nitride; and coordination of inorganic ions to polymers. This monograph will be a useful resource for organic chemists and research workers in the field.

  • Colloid and Interface Science V2

    Aerosols, Emulsions, And Surfactants
    • 1 Edición
    • Milton Kerker
    • Inglés
    Colloid and Interface Science, Vol. II: Aerosols, Emulsions, and Surfactants presents papers from the International Conference on Colloids and Surfaces held in San Juan, Puerto Rico on June 21-25, 1976. The book discusses topics on aerosols, emulsions, and surfactants. The text includes papers on the evaluation of the classical theory of nucleation using expansion chamber measurements of the homogeneous nucleation rate of water from the vapor; and the effect of friction-reducing substances on the droplet size distribution from spray nozzles. The rotational relaxation of the Brownian motion; the calculations of unipolar aerosol charging; and the electrochemical measurements in nonionic microemulsions are also encompassed. The book further discusses the structure of microemulsions containing nonionic surfactants; the interactions of surfactants with proteins; and the solubilization of vitamin K and folic acid by micelle-forming surfactants.

  • Inorganic Complexes

    • 1 Edición
    • C.K. Jorgensen
    • Inglés
    Inorganic Complexes describes the particular features of inorganic complex chemistry, as it has developed since 1950. The chemical information recorded in this book is intimately connected with the theoretical approach applying M.O. theory, which is also called ligand field theory in the special case of transition group complexes with a partly filled shell, for classification of the energy levels and rationalization of the absorption spectra. This text also discusses the aqua, hydroxo, oxo, fluoro, chloro, bromo, and iodo complexes; nitrogen-, oxygen-, and sulfur-containing ligands; amino acids and other N,O-containing ligands; and intermetallic bonding and co-operative effects. This publication is a good source for chemists and students conducting work on inorganic complex chemistry.

  • Automatic Titrators

    • 1 Edición
    • J Philips
    • Inglés
    Automatic Titrators focuses on the contributions and effects of modern automation on volumetric analysis. The book presents titration as a modern instrumental method in this kind of analysis. Divided into nine chapters, the book proceeds by defining the value of automatic titration methods. The text also outlines the general considerations of titrate design wherein instrumental indicators, recorders, and controllers are given emphasis. Automatic potentiometric titrates are also discussed. A historical tracing of these titrators is presented as well as the trends and kinds of modern automatic titrators. The book also touches on automatic photometric and automatic coulometric titrators. Supporting discussions focus on photosensitive devices; photometric titration curves; coulometric circuits; instruments with potentiometric, amperometric, and photometric indication; and multipurpose coulometric titrators. The book ends by fully discussing automatic and continuous titrators, commercially available titrators, and applications of automatic titration methods. The selection can best serve those wanting to explore the function of titrators in volumetric analysis.

  • Environmental Chemistry

    • 1 Edición
    • John Moore
    • Inglés
    Environmental Chemistry concerns with the broad interpretation on what environmental chemistry is and discusses chemistry in relation to environmental topics. The book is divided into seven parts. Part I discusses the origins of different elements and interstellar molecules; the development of the earth; and the chemical evolution of life. Part II talks about energy and its theoretical treatment; the origin, development, and problems related to fossil fuels; and the developing energy sources, including storage, distribution, and conservation. Part III discusses the air; the structure and properties of the atmosphere; and air pollution in relation to different industries and transportation. Mineral resources and solid wastes are tackled in Part IV, and the principles and treatment of water are explained in Part V. Part VI discusses the sustenance of life, amino acids, and the control of toxins, and Part VII studies the relationship of science, ethics, and ecology. The text is good for those in the field of chemistry and wish to understand the importance of their field to the environment, and for environmentalists and ecologists who want to know the relationship of chemistry with their studies.

  • Reduced Density Matrices in Quantum Chemistry

    • 1 Edición
    • Ernest Davidson
    • Inglés
    Reduced Density Matrices in Quantum Chemistry is from a special topics course of the author to graduate students at the Ohio State University. The focus of the book is on the structure of the density matrix as reference to the electronic structure of atoms and molecules. Chapters 1 and 2 discuss and differentiate in detail the ensemble density matrix and reduced density matrices. Ensemble density matrix is discussed in the context of different states, while the energy expressions of reduced density matrices are highlighted together with some examples. Chapter 3 accordingly follows through with a description of the properties of reduced density matrices. The succeeding chapters focus on the first-order and second-order reduced density matrices in terms of their analytic and physical properties. The final chapter discusses and interprets the two-body density matrix. The book is intended for graduate students and researchers in the study of quantum chemistry.

  • Gas-Solid Reactions

    • 1 Edición
    • Julian Szekely
    • Inglés
    Gas-Solid Reactions describes gas-solid reaction systems, focusing on the four phenomena—external mass transfer, pore diffusion, adsorption/desorptio... and chemical reaction. This book consists of eight chapters. After the introduction provided in Chapter 1, the basic components of gas-solid reactions are reviewed in Chapter 2. Chapter 3 describes the reactions of individual nonporous solid particles, while Chapter 4 elaborates the reaction of single porous particles. Solid-solid reactions proceeding through gaseous intermediates are considered in Chapter 5. Chapter 6 deals with the experimental approaches to the study of gas-solid reaction systems. How information on single-particle behavior may be used for the design of multiparticle, large-scale assemblies, and packed- and fluidized-bed reaction systems is deliberated in Chapter 7. The last chapter covers the specific gas-solid reaction systems, including some statistical indices indicating the economic importance of the systems and processes it’s based on. This publication is recommended for practicing engineers engaged in process research, development, and design in the many fields where gas-solid reactions are important.

  • Higher Excited States of Polyatomic Molecules V2

    • 1 Edición
    • Melvin Robin
    • Inglés
    Higher Excited States of Polyatomic Molecules, Volume II focuses on a higher level of activity in vacuum ultraviolet spectroscopy. This book explores the Rydberg states in atoms and molecules. Comprised of five chapters, this volume starts with an overview of the two-center unsaturated molecules that usually display sharp Rydberg transitions originating with the pi electrons. This book then discusses the unsaturated double bond that adds another dimension to the spectrum. Other chapters explore the optical spectrum of the amide group, which is the basic chromophoric unit in polypeptides. This text further discusses the all-electron calculations of the electronic structure of the amide group that is performed in Gaussian orbital basis sets. This book considers as well the prominent characteristic of Rydberg excitations in benzene. The final chapter deals with the biological molecules that are polyfunctional in general. Analytical chemists, photochemists, molecular spectroscopists, and researchers will find this book extremely useful.

  • Methods in Immunology and Immunochemistry

    • 1 Edición
    • Curtis Williams
    • Inglés
    Methods in Immunology and Immunochemistry, Volume I: Preparation of Antigens and Antibodies is aimed to bring together detailed procedures in the preparation of antigens and antibodies. The text also provides a presentation and discussion of these methods. The book covers topics in immunology such as antigens, its kinds, and the preparation and testing of lipids for immunological study. The production of antiserum; the preparation of immunogens; collecting and handling of serum; and immunization procedures are also explained. The book also discusses the purification of antibodies; methods of labeling antigens and antibodies; and the methods used in the studies of the structure of immunoglobulins. The text is recommended for immunologists who would like to know the different procedures and methods involved in immunology as well as the principles behind it. The book will also serve as a guide for medical staff who prepare products related to immunology.

  • Physical Methods in Heterocyclic Chemistry V5

    • 1 Edición
    • P Wheatley
    • Inglés
    Physical Methods in Heterocyclic Chemistry, Volume V: Handbook of Molecular Dimensions focuses on bond lengths and angles from X-ray crystallography. This book provides a list of known X-ray structure determinations of molecules and ions that contain heterocyclic rings. Comprised of one chapter, this volume starts with an overview of the use of X-ray diffraction for the study of the geometry of molecules of all types. This text then discusses the three primary reasons for the lack of accuracy in bond lengths and angles determined by X-ray diffraction. This book discusses as well the effect of substitution on the bond lengths and angles in a heterocyclic ring system. The reader is also introduced to the various factors influencing the magnitudes of bond lengths and angles in molecules, which include the degree of hybridization, bond orders, electronegativity, interelectronic repulsion, or the equivalent concepts in terms of which these factors may be expressed. Heterocyclic chemists, biochemists, molecular biologists, and researchers will find this book useful.

  • Conformational Properties of Macromolecules

    • 1 Edición
    • A Hopfinger
    • Inglés
    Conformational Properties of Macromolecules provides information about the molecular parameters and spatial and thermodynamic properties of macromolecules and the application of theoretical conformational energy calculations. The book covers topics such as macromolecular geometry, the classification of macromolecular structure, and the generation of macromolecular conformations and configurations; conformational energies and potential functions, induced dipole and polymer-solvent interactions; and conformational transition in molecules. Also covered are topics such as absorption and optical rotation spectroscopies, epitaxial crystallization of macromolecules, and conformational fluctuation in macromolecules. The text is recommended for structural chemists, X-ray crystallographers, biophysicists, physical chemists, and macromolecular scientists who would like to know more about this particular area of knowledge.

  • Advances in Standards and Methodology in Spectrophotometry

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 2
    • C. Burgess + 1 más
    • Inglés
    These conference proceedings form a worthy contribution to the literature on spectrometry reviving the tradition begun at the U.S. National Bureau of Standards conferences in the 1970's of holding interdisciplinary conferences on advances in the standardisation and methodology of spectrometry. The papers and poster abstracts presented in this volume maintain the high professional standards of these earlier NBS conferences, providing a basis for further progress in this discipline.

  • Chemistry of The Environment

    • 1 Edición
    • R.A. Bailey
    • Inglés
    Chemistry of the Environment provides a basic level of chemical knowledge on the principles of environmental chemistry and a general understanding of environmental problems. Organized into 17 chapters, this book is developed from the notes for a course in “Chemistry of the Environment” for juniors, seniors, and graduate students in Science and Engineering at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute. The opening chapters of this book discuss the problems related to waste disposal and energy production and the principles of atmospheric circulation and photochemical reactions, with an emphasis on the effects of human activities on the atmosphere and climate. Considerable chapters are devoted to various industries, including petroleum chlorinated hydrocarbons, pesticides, heavy metals, and nuclear chemistry, and the contributions of these industries to environmental problems. General topics on both natural and technological processes that impinge on the environment are explored. Other chapters discuss the principles of atmospheric photochemistry and the natural and artificial photochemical processes occurring in the biosphere. This book also examines the chemistry of some of the most important elements and how they relate to the properties of the environment and to biological effects. The concluding chapter provides insights into the nature, as well as the sources and the hazards of ionizing radiation in the environment, with particular emphasis on naturally occurring and artificial nuclear sources of ionizing radiation. This book is of great benefit to environmental chemists and researchers, biochemists, and elementary organic chemists.

  • Catalysis in Micellar and Macromoleular Systems

    • 1 Edición
    • Janos Fendler
    • Inglés
    Catalysis in Micellar and Macromolecular Systems provides a comprehensive monograph on the catalyses elicited by aqueous and nonaqueous micelles, synthetic and naturally occurring polymers, and phase-transfer catalysts. It delineates the principles involved in designing appropriate catalytic systems throughout. Additionally, an attempt has been made to tabulate the available data exhaustively. The book discusses the preparation and purification of surfactants; the physical and chemical properties of surfactants and micelles; solubilization in aqueous micellar systems; and the principles of micellar catalysis. Separate chapters cover micellar catalysis of hydrolyses, solvolyses, aminolyses, and miscellaneous ionic reactions; micellar effects on organic equilibria and nucleophilic substitution reactions, and on hydrophobic interactions and protein structure; and radical and excited state reactions in micellar systems. The final chapters deal with interactions in and catalysis by micelles in nonaqueous solvents and in liquid crystalline phases; and catalysis in macromolecular and related systems. This book is aimed at the industrial and academic researcher regardless of his arbitrarily defined subfield, be it organic, inorganic, biological, colloid, etc. The treatment provides guidance and stimulus to bioorganic, inorganic, pharmaceutical, colloid, physical, and polymer chemists as well as to those who seek novel and unique catalysts in industrial processes. It can also serve as the basis of a graduate course.

  • The Chemistry of Synthetic Dyes V7

    • 1 Edición
    • K Venkataraman
    • Inglés
    The Chemistry of Synthetic Dyes, Volume VII covers the synthesis and application of dyes, fluorescent brightening agents, color and electronic states of organic molecules, photochemistry of dyes, and physical chemistry of dyeing. This book is organized into five chapters—sulfur dyes; Bunte salt dyes; state of dye in dyebath and substrate; kinetics, equilibrium, dye-fiber affinity, and mechanisms; and applications of synthetic dyes to biological problems. This compilation specifically discusses the sulfur dyes of known constitution, analysis of sulfur dyes, and chemistry of Bunte salts. The chemical modification of proteins and dyes as antibacterial and therapeutic agents is also treated. This volume is recommended for organic chemists and technologists interested in the synthesis of dyes and their applications.

  • Applied Atomic Collision Physics

    Atmospheric Physics and Chemistry
    • 1 Edición
    • H.S.W. Massey
    • Inglés
    Applied Atomic Collision Physics, Volume 1: Atmospheric Physics and Chemistry focuses on the applications of atomic collision physics in atmospheric physics and chemistry. The emphasis is on the physics of the upper atmospheres of the earth and planets as well as astrophysics, including solar physics, the physics of planetary nebulae, and reactions in interstellar space. Comprised of 12 chapters, this volume begins with an overview of the structure of the earth's atmosphere and its environment in interplanetary space, along with the structure of the terrestrial atmosphere at middle latitudes. The discussion then turns to the photochemistry of the midlatitude ionosphere; the thermal balance in the thermosphere at middle latitudes; atomic collisions in the lower ionosphere at midlatitudes; and airglow and auroras. Subsequent chapters explore the high latitude ionosphere, the exosphere, and the magnetosphere; the ionospheres of the planets and other bodies of the solar system; atmospheric processes involved in the stratospheric ozone problem; and solar physics. The final two chapters are concerned with applications to the physics of planetary nebulae and interstellar space. This book will be of interest to physicists and chemists.

  • Cell Culture in Phytochemistry

    • 1 Edición
    • Indra Vasil
    • Inglés
    Cell Culture and Somatic Cell Genetics of Plants, Volume 4: Cell Culture in Phytochemistry reviews phytochemistry by employing plant cell cultures. This book discusses the realization of industrial plant cell culture for the production of phytochemicals and molecular biological approach to understand the regulation of product synthesis. The topics covered include the accumulation of secondary metabolites, phenolic production in cultured tissues, and stability of clones and subclones. The somatic hybridization by protoplast fusion, various techniques for continuous culture of plant cells, and methodology of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) are also deliberated. This volume provides intensive information on all aspects of plant cell and tissue culture and is recommended to both experienced researchers and to those newly entering the field.

  • Multidimensional Pharmacochemistry

    Design of Safer Drugs
    • 1 Edición
    • Peter Mager
    • Inglés
    Multidimensional Pharmacochemistry: Design of Safer Drugs deals with techniques based on the theory of simultaneous statistical inference and the qualitative rules that can be applied in solving problems of high toxicity. This book points out that the multidimensional view of data analysis can be applied to solve problems in medicinal chemistry. Investigators use different approaches; a certain procedure can prove to be the most beneficial for a specific drug design. This text presents the theoretical assumptions that mathematicians make to derive the basis for their multivariate techniques. This book also describes, in nonmathematical terms, a set of methods that are valuable, as well as explain the different designs by using numerical examples. According to E.J. Ariens, drug action involves the pharmaceutical, pharmacokinetic-toxo... and pharmacodynamics-tox... phases. The multivariate structure-activity analysis (MASCA) Model of Pharmacochemistry is a highly unified multivariate approach to drug design. To develop a multidimensionally oriented pharmacology, the book notes that the investigator can use the "dynamic structure-activity analysis." This entails the experimentalist and chemist using quantitative approaches and intuitive elements from a small number of compounds toward larger groups, with successive changes being inputted in the desired biological activity. This book is strongly recommended for toxicologists, pharmacologists, applied mathematicians, medicinal and agricultural chemists.

  • Liquid Crystals

    • 1 Edición
    • L Liebert
    • Inglés
    Liquid Crystals provides information pertinent to the characterization and understanding of the liquid crystalline or ordered fluid. This book presents the important developments in the understanding of liquid crystals. Organized into seven chapters, this book begins with an overview of the various relations between liquid crystals and polymers. This text then examines the synthesis of very simple families of liquid crystals of the types required by the laboratory physicists. Other chapters consider the process of reorientation of the permanent dipole moments connected with changes in the field, which requires a definite time interval. This book discusses as well the lyotropic liquid crystals that can be formed by amphiphilic molecules as different as lipids and copolymers. The final chapter deals with the aspect of molecular pattern, which seems to be the most underestimated in the consideration of biological phenomena found in liquid crystal. This book is a valuable resource for scientists, physicists, and chemists.

  • Structure and Bonding in crystals

    • 1 Edición
    • Michael O'Keeffe
    • Inglés
    Structure and Bonding in Crystals presents a new understanding of the older topics such as bond length, bond strength, and ionic radii. These concepts have been used by geochemists and geophysicists to systematize and predict phase transitions at high pressure. The final group of chapters deals with the problems of classifying complex solids and with systematic descriptions of the relationships between their structures. This book comprises 13 chapters, with the first presenting a historical perspective by Linus Pauling. The following chapters then go on to discuss quantum theory and crystal chemistry; pseudopotentials and crystal structure; quantum-defect orbital radii and the structural chemistry of simple solids; and a pseudopotential viewpoint of the electronic and structural properties of crystals. Other chapters cover elementary quantitative theory of chemical bonding; the role and significance of empirical and semiempirical correlations; theoretical probes of bonding in the disiloxy group; a comparison of experimental and theoretical bond length and angle variations; the role of nonbonded forces in crystals; molecules within infinite solids; charge density distributions; and some aspects of the ionic model of crystals. This book will be of interest to practitioners in the fields of chemistry, physics, and geology.

  • The Chemistry of Catalytic Hydrocarbon Conversions

    • 1 Edición
    • Herman Pines
    • Inglés
    The Chemistry of Catalytic Hydrocarbon Conversions covers the various chemical aspects of catalytic conversions of hydrocarbons. This book is composed of eight chapters that include catalytic synthesis of hydrocarbons from carbon monoxide, hydrogen, and methanol. The opening chapters examine various acid- and base-catalyzed reactions, such as isomerization, polymerization, oligomerization, alkylation, catalytic cracking, reforming, hydrocracking, and hydrogenation. The subsequent chapters are devoted to specific catalytic reactions, including heterogeneous hydrogenation, dehydrogenation, aromatization, and oxidation. Other chapters describe the homogeneous catalysis by transition metal organometallic catalysts and the metathesis of unsaturated hydrocarbons. The concluding chapter deals with the synthesis of liquid hydrocarbon fuels from carbon monoxide, hydrogen, methanol, and dimethyl ether. This book is of great benefit to petroleum chemists, engineers, and researchers.

  • Quantum Chemistry

    • 2 Edición
    • John P. Lowe
    • Inglés
    Praised for its appealing writing style and clear pedagogy, Lowe's Quantum Chemistry is now available in its Second Edition as a text for senior undergraduate- and graduate-level chemistry students. The book assumes little mathematical or physical sophistication and emphasizes an understanding of the techniques and results of quantum chemistry, thus enabling students to comprehend much of the current chemical literature in which quantum chemical methods or concepts are used as tools. The book begins with a six-chapter introduction of standard one-dimensional systems, the hydrogen atom, many-electron atoms, and principles of quantum mechanics. It then provides thorough treatments of variation and perturbation methods, group theory, ab initio theory, Huckel and extended Huckel methods, qualitative MO theory, and MO theory of periodic systems. Chapters are completed with exercises to facilitate self-study. Solutions to selected exercises are included.

  • Physical Principles and Techniques of Protein Chemistry Part C

    • 1 Edición
    • Sydney Leach
    • Inglés
    Physical Principles and Techniques of Protein Chemistry, Part C focuses on the effects of intermolecular interactions that are transmitted between ligands and proteins and from protein to protein. This book discusses the density and volume change measurements; direct volume change; osmotic pressure; and small-angle X-ray scattering. The theory of particulate scattering; pulsed nuclear magnetic resonance; absorption of water by diamagnetic molecules; and use of least squares in data analysis are also elaborated. This text likewise covers the iteration process; optical rotatory dispersion and the main chain conformation of proteins; and basic relations for optically active molecules. Other topics include the circular dichroism, secondary structure of proteins, visible rotatory dispersion, and peptide cotton effects. This publication is intended for protein chemists, but is also useful to biologists, medical practitioners, and students researching on protein chemistry.

  • Colloid and Interface Science V3

    Adsorption, Catalysis, Solid Surfaces, Wetting, Surface Tension, And Water
    • 1 Edición
    • Milton Kerker
    • Inglés
    Colloid and Interface Science, Volume III: Adsorption, Catalysis, Solid Surfaces, Wetting, Surface Tension, and Water covers the proceedings of the International Conference on Colloids and Surfaces, held in San Juan, Puerto Rico on June 21-25, 1976. The conference is sponsored jointly by the Division of Colloid and Surface Chemistry of the American Chemical Society and the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry in celebration of the 50th Anniversary of the Division and the 50th Colloid and Surface Science Symposium. This volume contains 56 chapters that cover the subjects of adsorption, catalysis, solid surfaces, wetting, surface tension, and water. Other topics discussed include chemisorption; analytical methods for surface analysis; reaction kinetics; polymeric colloid systems; hydrogel-water interface; and the effect of various parameters, such as temperature and pressure. The concluding chapters explore surface and interfacial tension measurement, capillarity, thermal expansion of water, and heat capacity of vicinal water.

  • Computer Programs for Chemistry

    • 1 Edición
    • DeLos DeTar
    • Inglés
    Computer Programs for Chemistry, Volume 4, aims to make available a useful collection of tested programs, which may be expected to have a long useful life. Since the programs in each volume are represented by considerably over 10,000 source cards, arrangements have been made to provide a master tape for each volume. The programs in the series fall into two broad classes: complete packages and subroutines. ANSI FORTRAN has been chosen as the language since it provides adequate flexibility and excellent compatibility. But where departures are needed for efficiency, the editors have not hesitated to allow use of small subroutines in nonstandard FORTRAN or in assembly language, with careful documentation. The programs discussed in this volume include LSKIN2, FRS3, GENLSS, CDORD, EQCENT, EDITQ and EDITID, LORAK, and INDEX. Anyone who intends to use computer techniques will have to learn about computer hardware and computer software. To use effectively even the stand-alone programs in these volumes requires some understanding of FORTRAN. This volume also contains a number of converting subroutines that are useful primarily to the serious programmer. These have proved especially useful as parts of programs presented in previous volumes.

  • Ylid Chemistry

    • 1 Edición
    • A.W. Johnson
    • Inglés
    Organic Chemistry, Volume 7: Ylid Chemistry focuses on the physical and chemical properties of ylids. This book discusses the Wittig synthesis of olefins, which involves the reaction between carbonyl compounds and phosphonium ylids. Organized into two parts encompassing nine chapters, this book starts with an overview of the definition of ylids as a substance in which a carbanion is attached directly to a heteroatom transporting a high degree of positive charge. This text then examines the unique stabilization that afforded the carbanions by the presence of the adjacent 'onium atom group, which is the special characteristic of ylids. Other chapters consider the general structure of phosphonium ylids, which virtually has no limitation on the nature of the X groups on phosphorus. This book discusses as well the Wittig reaction involving a condensation-elimina... between a phosphonium ylid and ketone. The final chapter deals with the various aspects of the chemistry of sulfur ylids. This book is a valuable resource for chemists.

  • Oxocarbons

    • 1 Edición
    • Robert C. West
    • Inglés
    Oxocarbons is a 10-chapter text that covers chemical-physical aspects, reaction chemistry, and spectroscopic investigations of oxocarbons. This book starts with a discussion on the early history of the oxocarbons. The subsequent seven chapters are devoted to the reactions, synthesis, and chemistry of substituted derivatives of cyclic polycarbonyls, called ""pseudooxocarbons""... The remaining chapters describe the structural phase transition and dielectric properties of squaric acid. This book will be of value to organic chemists and researchers who are interested in the synthesis of oxocarbons and related derivatives.

  • Adsorption From Solution

    • 1 Edición
    • R. H. Ottewill + 2 más
    • Inglés
    Adsorption From Solution discusses the significance of adsorption behavior in thermodynamic terms, with emphasis on the interplay between enthalpic and entropic contributions to the free energy. This book examines the role of simple models and of elementary thermodynamic and statistical mechanical arguments in relation to the concept of surface phase. Organized into 22 chapters, this book starts with an overview of the theoretical model for the solid/liquid interface. This text then proceeds with a discussion of the general thermodynamic treatment of adsorption from mixed solvents, which is designed to apply in situations where adsorbed species may be regarded as distinct from their bulk counterparts. Other chapters discuss the adsorption from solutions of various interfaces of liquid/gas, liquid/liquid, or liquid/solid. The final chapter deals with the roles of adsorption from solution in controlling other phenomena, such as liquid–liquid displacement, wetting, and the forces between colloidal particles. Physicists, chemists, and materials scientists will find this book extremely useful.

  • Living Chemistry

    • 1 Edición
    • David Ucko
    • Inglés
    Living Chemistry is a 23-chapter textbook that provides a thorough, systematic coverage of the chemical information related to health. The opening chapters cover the basic concepts required for understanding the ""language"" and principles of chemistry. These chapters also introduce the International System of units followed by the studies of carbon compounds based on functional groups. The discussions then shift to the study of biologically important molecules, such as the chemistry of carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins, as well as the individual reaction steps for important complex metabolic pathways. The remaining chapters explore the chemistry of vitamins, hormones, body fluids, drugs and poisons. Optional topics, including a mathematics review, scientific notation, the unit-factor and proportion methods, metric conversion with practice problems, atomic orbitals, hybridization, metabolic pathways, and the cell, are provided in the supplementary texts. This book is of great value to undergraduate chemistry students.

  • Chemistry

    With Inorganic Qualitative Analysis
    • 1 Edición
    • Therald Moeller
    • Inglés
    Chemistry with Inorganic Qualitative Analysis is a textbook that describes the application of the principles of equilibrium represented in qualitative analysis and the properties of ions arising from the reactions of the analysis. This book reviews the chemistry of inorganic substances as the science of matter, the units of measure used, atoms, atomic structure, thermochemistry, nuclear chemistry, molecules, and ions in action. This text also describes the chemical bonds, the representative elements, the changes of state, water and the hydrosphere (which also covers water pollution and water purification). Water purification occurs in nature through the usual water cycle and by the action of microorganisms. The air flushes dissolved gases and volatile pollutants; when water seeps through the soil, it filters solids as they settle in the bottom of placid lakes. Microorganisms break down large organic molecules containing mostly carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, sulfur, or phosphorus into harmless molecules and ions. This text notes that natural purification occurs if the level of contaminants is not so excessive. This textbook is suitable for both chemistry teachers and students.

  • Nonaqueous Electrolytes Handbook

    • 1 Edición
    • G.J. Janz
    • Inglés
    Nonaqueous Electrolytes Handbook, Volume I, is an authoritative and updated information source for nonaqueous solvent systems. The information in this handbook covers the literature to 1972 and includes data for some 210 solvents. The book has been organized into eight well-defined areas: Physical Properties o f Solvents, Solvent Purification, Electrical Conductance, Diffusion, Density, Viscosity, Transference Numbers, and Additional References and Data Sources. The latter section covers additional data sources and reviews not adequately described in the preceding sections; recent data and references are also found in this section. The method of presentation of material is briefly described in the introduction to each section to facilitate the use of the tabulated information. Bibliographies are given at the end of each section. A Compound Index is included. Electrical conductance is the property most widely investigated. In view of the wealth of data, this section has been organized by solutes as follows: acids and alkali metal compounds, including ammonium compounds; quaternary ammonium salts and amines; solvent systems, electrolyte systems, and finally, all other solutes. For each, the data are reported not only for single component nonaqueous solvents but also for mixed solvents.

  • Newer Methods of Preparative Organic Chemistry V3

    • 1 Edición
    • Wilhelm Foerst
    • Inglés
    Newer Methods of Preparative Organic Chemistry, Volume III focuses on the improved methods in preparative organic chemistry. This book presents a variety of topics, including the synthesis of acetylenes, methods for the preparation of pyrylium salts, and the use of phosphoric acid chlorides in the preparation of esters of phosphoric acids. Organized into 11 chapters, this volume starts with an overview of the reaction between methylene and sulfur involving dehydrogenation or oxidation. This text then examines the chemistry of pyridine, which exhibits different reaction characteristics than benzene. Other chapters consider the cyclic derivatives of carboxylic acids, such as lactams, lactones, or thiolactones, which can be converted by partial reduction into heterocycles of the same ring size. The final chapter outlines the fundamental reactions of diazoketones and discusses the preparative significance of the diazoketones. This book is a valuable resource for synthetic organic chemists involved in research institutions and industrial laboratories.

Temas relacionados