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Elsevier

Libros en Química

  • Chemistry Of Marine Natural Products

    • 1 Edición
    • Poul Schever
    • Inglés
    Chemistry of Marine Natural Products explores the marine environment and its chemical composition. This book discusses the factors that contribute to the increasing interest in the study of marine environment. Organized into five chapters, this text starts with a discussion on the organic compound isoprenoids. This book then examines the sterol composition in several species, including crustaceans, echinoderms, mollusks, and invertebrates. This text also discusses phenols and its derivatives, including bromophenols and dibrophenol. Amino acids, carbohydrates, and polymers are also presented in this book. Other chapters explain the secondary metabolites, particularly amino acids and simple amines. This book further discusses the chemistry of fatty acids and determines whether marine animals and plants elaborate any distinct fatty acids. The final chapter explores the biogenetic relationship of hydrocarbons to fatty acids. This book is intended for chemists with an interest in the marine environment. Oceanographers, marine biologists, marine scientists, pharmacologists, researchers, teachers, and students will find this book extremely useful.

  • Simple Dense Fluids

    • 1 Edición
    • H.L. Frisch
    • Inglés
    Simple Dense Fluids is a nine-chapter text that explores the chemistry and physics of simple fluid systems. Simple systems primarily include the noble gases, the homonuclear diatomic molecules, and a select group of some polyatomic but spherically symmetrical molecules. The opening chapter describes the change of thermodynamic functions along the saturation line and how these functions can best be obtained from sets of measurements that are often in conflict, with an emphasis on the functions of three simple liquids: argon, nitrogen, and oxygen. The following chapter outlines the basic thermodynamic and statistical mechanical ideas that have been applied to the liquid-vapor interface, followed by a summary of surface tension data of simple fluids. Considerable chapters are devoted to X-ray, light, and neutron scattering measurements on simple dense fluids. This book further discusses the use of electromagnetic data, especially the dielectric constant and refractive index, in the interpretation of molecular interactions and molecular structure. The available experimental data on several nonpolar liquids and liquid mixtures are also provided. The final chapters survey the nuclear relaxation and spectroscopic data in simple liquids. These chapters also present experimental data relevant to transport phenomena in simple fluids. Workers and researchers in the field of simple dense fluids will find this book of great value.

  • Conformational Properties of Macromolecules

    • 1 Edición
    • A Hopfinger
    • Inglés
    Conformational Properties of Macromolecules provides information about the molecular parameters and spatial and thermodynamic properties of macromolecules and the application of theoretical conformational energy calculations. The book covers topics such as macromolecular geometry, the classification of macromolecular structure, and the generation of macromolecular conformations and configurations; conformational energies and potential functions, induced dipole and polymer-solvent interactions; and conformational transition in molecules. Also covered are topics such as absorption and optical rotation spectroscopies, epitaxial crystallization of macromolecules, and conformational fluctuation in macromolecules. The text is recommended for structural chemists, X-ray crystallographers, biophysicists, physical chemists, and macromolecular scientists who would like to know more about this particular area of knowledge.

  • Transparency Masters for Basics for Chemistry

    • 1 Edición
    • David Ucko
    • Inglés
    Transparency Masters for Basics for Chemistry consists of 47 figures, tables, and charts illustrating concepts in basic chemistry, including energy levels, molecular formation and characteristics, the periodic table of elements, and much more.

  • Aerosols and Atmospheric Chemistry

    The Kendall Award Symposium Honoring Professor Milton Kerker
    • 1 Edición
    • Milton Kerker
    • Inglés
    Aerosols and Atmospheric Chemistry is a collection of papers presented at the American Chemical Society Kendall Award Symposium honoring Professor Milton Kerker, held in Los Angeles, California, on March 28-April 2, 1971. Contributors focus on the physical chemistry of aerosols and their relationship to atmospheric chemistry. Topics covered range from the optical and dynamical properties of aerosols to the kinetics of growth of an aerosol in a flow reactor. The formation and chemical reactions of atmospheric particles are also discussed. This book is comprised of 30 chapters and begins with an overview of some of the optical and dynamical properties of aerosols, along with the preparation of submicron aerosols by condensation. The discussion then turns to the formation and properties of neutral ultrafine particles and small ions conditioned by gaseous impurities of the air; preparation of ultrafine metal oxide particles in a hydrogen-oxygen flame; production of aerosols by X-rays; and condensational growth of atmospheric aerosols. A comparison of synthetic and smog aerosols is also presented. The final section is devoted to the Los Angeles (Pasadena) Smog Project—its genesis, objectives, and scope—and provides a detailed description of the Minnesota Aerosol Analyzing System used in the project. This monograph will be a useful resource for chemists as well as students and researchers interested in aerosol and atmospheric chemistry.

  • Atmospheric Oxidation and Antioxidants

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen II
    • Bozzano G Luisa
    • Inglés
    This volume examines the oxidation chemistry of carbon-based materials in more detail with emphasis on the technological phenomena that result from the attack of oxygen and the practical procedures developed to prevent them.

  • Instruments and Measurements

    Chemical Analysis, Electric Quantities, Nucleonics and Process Control
    • 1 Edición
    • Helge Von Koch
    • Inglés
    Instruments and Measurements: Chemical Analysis, Electric Quantities, Nucleonics and Process Control, Volume I covers the proceedings of the Fifth International Instruments and Measurements Conference, held in Stockholm, Sweden on September 13-16, 1960. Separating 120 lectures into 49 chapters, this book is divided into five sections. The first section discusses the advances in automatic process control instrumentation, including developments in pneumatic, electropneumatic, and electrohydraulic control. This section deals also with the stability, optimization, and use of fast digital computer for process control applications. The subsequent two sections consider the physical methods of chemical analysis and nuclear instrumentation. These sections survey the developments in gas chromatography, mass spectrometry, and quadrupole mass filter for chemical analysis. These topics are followed by discussions on some structural and analytical applications of high resolution nuclear magnetic resonance. The remaining sections explore the measurements of electric and magnetic quantities, as well as the reactor control. These sections are devoted to X-ray methods, UV spectroscopy, turbidimeter, and infrared techniques. Analytical chemists, process and instrumentation engineers, and researchers in instruments, chemical analysis, and process control fields will find this book invaluable.

  • Control Methods in Polymer Processing

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 10
    • L. Halász
    • Inglés
    This book discusses the process theories and automation levels of the most important polymer processes which are necessary to achieve product quality and process economy. The book describes mixing, calendering, screw plastications, sheet and tube extrusion, film blowing, blow moulding and injection moulding. The control methods employed for each of these individual processes are presented in detail. The book is designed to provide information on static and dynamic processes and viable control systems.

  • Applied Atomic Collision Physics

    Atmospheric Physics and Chemistry
    • 1 Edición
    • H.S.W. Massey
    • Inglés
    Applied Atomic Collision Physics, Volume 1: Atmospheric Physics and Chemistry focuses on the applications of atomic collision physics in atmospheric physics and chemistry. The emphasis is on the physics of the upper atmospheres of the earth and planets as well as astrophysics, including solar physics, the physics of planetary nebulae, and reactions in interstellar space. Comprised of 12 chapters, this volume begins with an overview of the structure of the earth's atmosphere and its environment in interplanetary space, along with the structure of the terrestrial atmosphere at middle latitudes. The discussion then turns to the photochemistry of the midlatitude ionosphere; the thermal balance in the thermosphere at middle latitudes; atomic collisions in the lower ionosphere at midlatitudes; and airglow and auroras. Subsequent chapters explore the high latitude ionosphere, the exosphere, and the magnetosphere; the ionospheres of the planets and other bodies of the solar system; atmospheric processes involved in the stratospheric ozone problem; and solar physics. The final two chapters are concerned with applications to the physics of planetary nebulae and interstellar space. This book will be of interest to physicists and chemists.

  • Reaction In Condensed Phases

    • 1 Edición
    • Henry Eyring
    • Inglés
    Physical Chemistry: An Advanced Treatise: Reactions in Condensed Phases, Volume VII, deals with reactions in condensed phases. The purpose of this treatise is to present a comprehensive treatment of physical chemistry for advanced students and investigators in a reasonably small number of volumes. An attempt has been made to include all important topics in physical chemistry together with borderline subjects which are of particular interest and importance. The book begins by discussing the basic principles of reaction rates in solution. This is followed by separate chapters on estimating the rate parameters of elementary reactions; the use of correlation diagrams to interpret organic reactions; perturbation of reaction rates by substituents; and inorganic reactions. Subsequent chapters cover the important field of free radicals, including chain reactions and solvent effects; heterogeneous catalysis; various types of surface reactions; surface annealing; electron reactions; nucleation; and radiation chemistry. The book presents a broad picture of current developments in reaction rates in condensed phases in a form accessible to all students of chemical kinetics. This treatment, by experts in widely different areas, will hopefully meet many student needs and provide a useful overview for all.

  • Theoretical Chemistry Advances and Perspectives V3

    • 1 Edición
    • Henry Eyring
    • Inglés
    Theoretical Chemistry: Advances and Perspectives, Volume 3 compiles studies that review all aspects of theoretical chemistry. This book begins by discussing the developments which have made the ab initio investigation of molecular ions feasible, followed by a treatment on classical equilibrium thermodynamics. The significant structure theory of liquids, structure of fluid 4He by means of zero and nonzero temperatures, and radial distribution function are also considered. This volume concludes with a description on various types of proton transfer reactions in water, explaining how the great speed of such reactions are intimately associated with the unusual hydrogen-bond structure that characterizes liquid water. This publication is valuable to theoretical chemists and students concerned with the mathematical description of chemistry.

  • Carboxylic Ortho Acid Derivatives: Preparation and Synthetic Applications

    Preparation and Synthetic Applications
    • 1 Edición
    • Robert H. Dewolfe
    • Inglés
    Carboxylic Ortho Acid Derivatives: Preparation and Synthetic Applications discusses the principal classes of ortho acid derivatives and their preparation, properties, and reactions. The book is a critical survey and attempts to collate literature regarding the wide array of information on ortho acid derivatives to be of use to chemists studying different sorts of problems. The text is divided into seven chapters, where Chapter 1 begins with a discussion of the general concepts of carboxylic ortho esters, their synthesis, and properties. Chapters 2 to 4 tackle reactions of ortho esters that result to different bonds and bond formations such as (a) carbon-oxygen and carbon-halogen bond, (b) carbon-nitrogen or carbon-phosphorus, and (c) carbon-carbon or carbon-hydrogen bond formation. Chapter 5 discusses the synthesis, properties, and applications of carbohydrate ortho esters. Related compounds and their properties, preparation, and chemical transformations are the topic of Chapters 6 and 7. Some of these compounds are trithioorthocarboxyl... tetrathioorthocarbon... and amide acetals. The book is a valuable reference to students or anyone else interested in chemistry.

  • Surface Physics of Materials V2

    • 1 Edición
    • J.M. Blakely
    • Inglés
    Surface Physics of Materials: Volume II provides an account of the physical properties of solid surfaces. It examines the status of work on a number of aspects of solid surfaces and predicts the most profitable avenues for future research. The book contains a set of papers carefully selected to give broad coverage of the field of surface physics. The individual chapters deal with topics of current research interest and emphasize surface properties rather than the applicability of experimental techniques. This volume focuses on the transport of matter and interaction between surfaces through adhesion and friction. It provides a chemical analysis of surfaces and surface vibrations. This volume caters to research workers, teachers, and graduate students in surface physics and serves as reference texts for the materials scientist specializing in other branches of the subject.

  • Organic Syntheses with Noble Metal Catalysts

    • 1 Edición
    • Paul N. Rylander
    • Inglés
    Organic Chemistry, Volume 28: Organic Syntheses with Noble Metal Catalysts provides information pertinent to the catalysis by noble metals, which is presented in a form as to be of use to those interested in organic synthesis. This book discusses the mechanistic aspects of reactions. Organized into nine chapters, this volume begins with an overview of catalytic dehydrogenation over platinum metals, which provides a convenient method for synthesis of organic compounds. This text then examines the mechanisms and kinetics of homogeneous hydrogenation. Other chapters consider the oxidation of organic compounds in the presence of noble metal catalysts that may affect a variety of changes, including introduction of alcohol, epoxide, carbonyl, and halogen functions into the molecule. This book discusses as well the differences between osmium tetroxide and ruthenium tetroxide in their reactions with organic compounds. The final chapter deals with noble metal catalysts. This book is a valuable resource for synthetic organic chemists.

  • Chemistry and Technology of Silicones

    • 1 Edición
    • Walter Noll
    • Inglés
    Chemistry and Technology of Silicones retains the nature of a monograph despite its expanded scope, giving the reader in condensed form not only a wide-ranging but also a thorough review of this rapidly growing field. In contrast to some other monographs on organosilicon compounds that have appeared in the interim, the silicones occupy in this edition the central position, and the technological part of the work is entirely devoted to them. This book comprises 12 chapters, and begins with a general discussion of the chemistry and molecular structure of the silicones. The following chapters then discuss preparation of silanes with nonfunctional organic substituents; monomeric organosilicon compounds RnSiX4-n; and organosilanes with organofunctional groups. Other chapters cover preparation of polyorganosiloxanes; the polymeric organosiloxanes; other organosilicon polymers; production of technical silicone products from polyorganosiloxanes; properties of technical products; applications of technical silicone products in various branches of industry; esters of silicic acid; and analytical methods. This book will be of interest to practitioners in the fields of molecular chemistry.

  • Physical Methods in Heterocyclic Chemistry V5

    • 1 Edición
    • P Wheatley
    • Inglés
    Physical Methods in Heterocyclic Chemistry, Volume V: Handbook of Molecular Dimensions focuses on bond lengths and angles from X-ray crystallography. This book provides a list of known X-ray structure determinations of molecules and ions that contain heterocyclic rings. Comprised of one chapter, this volume starts with an overview of the use of X-ray diffraction for the study of the geometry of molecules of all types. This text then discusses the three primary reasons for the lack of accuracy in bond lengths and angles determined by X-ray diffraction. This book discusses as well the effect of substitution on the bond lengths and angles in a heterocyclic ring system. The reader is also introduced to the various factors influencing the magnitudes of bond lengths and angles in molecules, which include the degree of hybridization, bond orders, electronegativity, interelectronic repulsion, or the equivalent concepts in terms of which these factors may be expressed. Heterocyclic chemists, biochemists, molecular biologists, and researchers will find this book useful.

  • Fundamentals of Chemistry Laboratory Studies

    • 1 Edición
    • Frank Brescia
    • Inglés
    Fundamentals of Chemistry: Laboratory Studies focuses on the techniques involved in chemical laboratory operations. Divided into 13 parts, the manual gives information on weights and measures; the different states of matter; atomic and molecular weights; and electron charge. Giving support to these discussions are experiments that show the changes in weight and electron charge of metals, gases, and other materials when exposed to different conditions. The text also looks at experiments on the gravimetric and volumetric stoichiometry of chlorides, sulfates, acids, antimony, and oxalates. The manual also highlights studies conducted on potassium nitrate and chlorate, oxygen, hydrogen, and polymers. The guidebook ends with discussions on molecular geometry, kinetics, and chemical equilibrium. Experiments and illustrations of chemical reactions are presented. Taking into consideration the value of data presented, the manual is a great find for readers wanting to introduce an organized system in conducting laboratory experiments.

  • Physical Methods in Chemical Analysis

    • 2 Edición
    • Walter Berl
    • Inglés
    Physical Methods in Chemical Analysis, Volume II discusses analytical procedures that deal primarily with nonchemical methods and techniques useful in establishing the qualitative nature of unknowns. This book discusses electrical, magnetic, and miscellaneous techniques, including a number of methods that only measure non-specific properties to obtain quantitative information on relatively simple systems such as conductometric titration and radioactive tracer methods. This volume emphasizes two major tasks that analysts need to do in order to perform analysis. First is to conduct preliminary operations that bring the system under investigation into physical states suitable for analysis. Second is to measure physical constants that can be compared with known systems for identity or can be interpreted in terms of structure and organization. This publication is a recommended reference for students and chemists working on chemical analysis.

  • A Practical Guide to HPLC Detection

    • 1 Edición
    • Donald Parriott
    • Inglés
    This guide for the practicing chromatographer who wants a ready source of information on HPLC detection explores and compares existing detection systems and detectors, outlines the common problems associated with a given detector, and offers proven approaches to avoiding such problems.

  • Dehydrobenzene and Cycloalkynes

    • 1 Edición
    • Reinhard W. Hoffmann
    • Inglés
    Dehydrobenzene and Cycloalkynes deals with the problems associated with the production and reactions of dehydrobenzene and of the related fields of dehydroheterocycles and cycloalkynes. This book also describes the various synthetic applications of dehydrobenzene and provides a list of reactions in which dehydrobenzene occurs as an intermediary. The text explains the generation of dehydrobenzene by cleavage of cyclic systems, by photolytic methods, and by free radical reactions. Nucleophilic and electrophilic monodentate attacks on dehydrobenzene, as well as, bidentate additions to dehydrobenzene yielding cycloadducts. The book also notes that dehydrobenzene is not only a transition state but can be an intermediate of characteristic selectivity and lifetime. The reactions of dehydrobenzene in the gaseous phase affirm that the existence of dehydrobenzene is not restricted to the presence of a solvation shell. The researcher can then study the molecular structure of dehydrobenzene when its existence has been fully established. The text also extends the principle that the dehydroaromatic intermediates can be obtained by abstracting two adjacent hydrogen atoms from an aromatic substrate different from the 1- and 2- positions to arrive at a 1,3- and 1,4-dehydrobenzene. Researchers and scientists whose works are associated with organic chemistry, analytical chemistry, molecular physics or physical chemistry will find this book valuable.

  • Thermodynamic Properties of Nonelectrolyte Solutions

    • 1 Edición
    • William Acree
    • Inglés
    Thermodynamic Properties of Nonelectrolyte Solutions reviews several of the more classical theories on the thermodynamics of nonelectrolyte solutions. Basic thermodynamic principles are discussed, along with predictive methods and molecular thermodynamics. This book is comprised of 12 chapters; the first of which introduces the reader to mathematical relationships, such as concentration variables, homogeneous functions, Euler’s theorem, exact differentials, and method of least squares. The discussion then turns to partial molar quantities, ideal and nonideal solutions, and empirical expressions for predicting the thermodynamic properties of multicomponent mixtures from binary data. The chapters that follow explore binary and ternary mixtures containing only nonspecific interactions; the thermodynamic excess properties of liquid mixtures and ternary alcohol-hydrocarbon systems; and solubility behavior of nonelectrolytes. This book concludes with a chapter describing the use of gas-liquid chromatography in determining the activity coefficients of liquid mixtures and mixed virial coefficients of gaseous mixtures. This text is intended primarily for professional chemists and researchers, and is invaluable to students in chemistry or chemical engineering who have background in physical chemistry and classical thermodynamics.

  • Multiplets of Transition-Metal Ions in Crystals

    • 1 Edición
    • Satoru Sugano
    • Inglés
    Multiplets of Transition-Metal Ions in Crystals provides information pertinent to ligand field theory. This book discusses the fundamentals of quantum mechanics and the theory of atomic spectra. Comprised of 10 chapters, this book starts with an overview of the qualitative nature of the splitting of the energy level as well as the angular behavior of the wavefunctions. This text then examines the problem of obtaining the energy eigenvalues and eigenstates of the two-electron systems, in which two electrons are accommodated in the t2g and eg shells in a variety of ways. Other chapters discuss the ligand-field potential, which is invariant to any symmetry operation in the group to which symmetry of the system belongs. This book discusses as well the approximate method of expressing molecular orbitals (MO) by a suitable linear combination of atomic orbitals (AO). The final chapter discusses the MO in molecules and the self-consistent field theory of Hartree–Fock. This book is a valuable resource for research physicists, chemists, electronic engineers, and graduate students.

  • Multiphase Flow in Polymer Processing

    • 1 Edición
    • Chang Han
    • Inglés
    Multiphase Flow in Polymer Processing focuses on dispersed and stratified multiphase flow in polymer processing. This book explores the rheological behavior of multiphase (or multicomponent) polymeric systems as they are involved in various fabrication operations. It also outlines the importance of the morphological states of multiphase polymeric systems to explain the systems, rheological behavior in the fluid state, and mechanical behavior in the solid state. This monograph consists of eight chapters divided into two parts. After discussing dispersed and stratified multiphase flow in polymer processing, it introduces the reader to the fundamentals of rheology. The following chapters focus on the rheological behavior of particulate-filled polymeric systems and heterogeneous polymeric systems; the phenomenon of droplet breakup in dispersed flow; and gas-charged polymeric systems. The role of the discrete phase (that is, solid particles, liquid droplets, gas bubbles) in determining the bulk rheological properties of the multiphase system is highlighted, along with some representative polymer processing operations (namely, fiber spinning and injection molding) of the multiphase (or multicomponent) polymeric systems. Coextrusion in cylindrical, rectangular, and annular dies is also considered. The final chapter is devoted to the phenomenon of interfacial instability in coextrusion. This text will be a useful resource for chemists, chemical engineers, and those in the polymer processing industry.

  • Carboranes

    • 1 Edición
    • Russell Grimes
    • Inglés
    Carboranes offers a comprehensive treatment of carborane chemistry and covers topics ranging from structures and chemical bonding to the degradation of the icosahedral cage. Carborane polymers as well as small nido- and closo-carboranes, intermediate closo-carboranes, and o-, m-, and p-carboranes are also discussed. This book is comprised of nine chapters and begins with an overview of the chemistry and properties of carboranes. The discussion then turns to the molecular structures of polyhedral carboranes and open-cage carboranes, along with the isomerism and rearrangement of carboranes; nomenclature and numbering systems used for carboranes; and chemical bonding in boranes and carboranes. The following chapters explore the synthesis, reactions, structures, and properties of small nido- and closo-carboranes, intermediate closo-carboranes, and o-, m-, and p-carboranes. The reactions of boranes and alkylboranes with alkynes as well as the degradation of icosahedral carboranes are also described. This monograph will be a useful resource for organic and inorganic chemists.

  • Cycloaddition Reactions of Heterocumulenes

    • 1 Edición
    • Henri Ulrich
    • Inglés
    Cycloaddition Reactions of Heterocumulenes reviews cycloaddition reactions, particularly on hetercocumulenes having "four-electron" bonds. This book discusses the chemical relationship among the various classes of heterocumulenes, including their chemical reactivity which ranges from highly reactive species to nearly inert compounds. This text also investigates the nucleophilic reactions of ketenes and isocyanates with suitable substrates, and if possible, correlates available data with the reactivity of these species in cycloaddition reactions. This book also investigates the cycloaddition reactions of carbon suboxide and other aspects of its chemistry due to the presence of many other interrelated reactions. The synthetic organic chemist should also investigate the application of isocyanate reactions associated with the cumulative double bonds. This text investigates carbodiimides as useful reagents for peptide synthesis, and notes that the stability of carbodiimides increases significantly with sterical hindrance around the cumulative double bond system. This book discusses three compounds that have a central electrophilic carbon atom, namely, carbon dioxide, carbonyl sulfide, and carbon disulfide. The book also describes the cycloaddition reactions of sulfenes, of N-sulfinylamines, of N-sulfinylsulfonamid... and of sulfurdiimides. This book can prove useful for researchers, technicians, and scientists whose works involve organic chemistry, analytical chemistry, and other related fields of chemistry.

  • Vinyl Cations

    • 1 Edición
    • Peter Stang
    • Inglés
    Vinyl Cations provides a comprehensive and detailed treatment of the reactive intermediate in which the electron-deficient carbon is an integral part of a ? unsaturation. This book emphasizes that the reaction through vinyl cations is a viable pathway among the multitude of mechanistic routes for vinylic substitution. The aryl, ethynyl, and allenyl cations from the viewpoint of direct solvolytic generation from appropriate allenyl precursors are briefly discussed. Other topics include the preparative aspects of electrophilic additions to alkynes, participation of allenyl bonds in solvolyses, and vinyl cations generated through diazonium ions. The nature of the cationic intermediates, migrations across the double bond, thiirenium ions, and species related to vinyl cations are likewise elaborated. This publication is beneficial to chemists and researchers concerned with vinyl cations.

  • The Chemistry of Synthetic Dyes V8

    • 1 Edición
    • K Venkataraman
    • Inglés
    The Chemistry of Synthetic Dyes, Volume VII stresses the relation between the chemistry of synthetic dyes and their application properties. This book describes the dyes for leather, synthetic carotenoids as food colorants, and solvent dyes. The phenomenal progress made in transfer printing, which the first commercial process became available as recently as 1968, is also discussed. This text likewise considers the influence of structural factors on the lightfastness of dyed fibers and structures of dyes with their technical properties. This volume is a good reference for organic chemists and technologists working on the synthesis of dyes and their applications.

  • Preparative Methods in Solid State Chemistry

    • 1 Edición
    • Paul Hagenmuller
    • Inglés
    Preparative Methods in Solid State Chemistry deals with the preparative methods used in solid state chemistry and highlights the importance of the chemist's role in preparing materials of desired quality as well as obtaining materials according to the requirements of the user such as the physicist. Topics covered range from high-pressure techniques in preparative chemistry to methods of growing single crystals of high-melting-point oxides. This book is comprised of 14 chapters and begins with an overview of possibilities for high-pressure synthesis, as well as the methods used to obtain high pressures, including transmission by gaseous or liquid fluids or in the solid state. The method of shock waves is then considered both from the point of view of thermodynamics and thermoelasticity, along with the possibility of using superpressures for evidently revolutionary applications. Subsequent chapters focus on the synthesis of single crystals of refractory oxides either at high temperatures (essentially liquid-solid transformations) or at lower temperatures in the presence of a solvent or a chemical reagent. The production of single crystals by electrolytic reduction in molten salts is also described. Numerous examples of vapor transport reactions in a temperature gradient are presented. This monograph should be of interest to chemists and students of solid state chemistry.

  • Chromatographic Systems

    Maintenance And Troubleshooting
    • 2 Edición
    • John Q. Walker
    • Inglés
    Chromatographic Systems: Maintenance and Troubleshooting, Second Edition provides a clear and concise guide for chromatographic maintenance. This book covers troubleshooting and repair procedures that can be utilized by both experienced and inexperienced chemists and technicians to reduce instrument down-time. This edition is divided into two parts. Part I focuses on liquid chromatography, which consists of an introductory chapter on principles, techniques, and utility, followed by specific chapters devoted to the individual systems comprising the total liquid chromatographic makeup. Gas chromatography is emphasized in Part II, introducing the basic theory and analyzing the systematic progression through possible malfunctions in various parts of the gas chromatograph. This publication is a good source for chromatographers, scientists, chemists, and technicians interested in the maintenance and troubleshooting of chromatographic systems.

  • Interacting Macromolecules

    The Theory and Practice of Their Electrophoresis, Ultracentrifugation, and Chromatography
    • 1 Edición
    • John Cann
    • Inglés
    Interacting Macromolecules: The Theory and Practice of Their Electrophoresis, Ultracentrifugation, and Chromatography reviews advances in theory and practice concerning the electrophoresis, ultracentrifugation, and chromatography of interacting macromolecules. The principles of mass transport of non-interacting systems are discussed, along with the weak electrolyte moving-boundary theory and analytical solution of approximate transport equations for certain types of interactions. Computer computations on ligand-mediated association-dissocia... reactions are also presented. This book is comprised of six chapters and begins with a survey of the principles of electrophoresis and ultracentrifugation of non-reacting systems before proceeding with a detailed treatment of the mass transport of reversibly reacting macromolecules. A conservation equation is derived for a solution containing a single macromolecular ion. The following chapters explore the weak-electrolyte moving-boundary theory; the analytical Solution of approximate conservation equations; and numerical solution of exact conservation equations. The formulation of the numerical computation for ligand-mediated association-dissocia... reactions is described, together with a code for sedimentation calculations. The final chapter summarizes the procedures and precautions required to assure accurate interpretation of sedimentation and electrophoretic patterns in terms of the thermodynamic and molecular parameters characterizing the reactions exhibited by biological macromolecules. The more common analytical applications of ultracentrifugation, electrophoresis, and chromatography are also outlined. This monograph is intended for molecular biologists and graduate students.

  • Methods in Immunology and Immunochemistry

    • 1 Edición
    • Curtis Williams
    • Inglés
    Methods in Immunology and Immunochemistry, Volume I: Preparation of Antigens and Antibodies is aimed to bring together detailed procedures in the preparation of antigens and antibodies. The text also provides a presentation and discussion of these methods. The book covers topics in immunology such as antigens, its kinds, and the preparation and testing of lipids for immunological study. The production of antiserum; the preparation of immunogens; collecting and handling of serum; and immunization procedures are also explained. The book also discusses the purification of antibodies; methods of labeling antigens and antibodies; and the methods used in the studies of the structure of immunoglobulins. The text is recommended for immunologists who would like to know the different procedures and methods involved in immunology as well as the principles behind it. The book will also serve as a guide for medical staff who prepare products related to immunology.

  • Stereochemical and Stereophysical Behaviour of Macrocycles

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 2
    • Bozzano G Luisa
    • Inglés
    Stereochemical and Stereophysical Behavior of Macrocycles deals with the stereochemical and stereophysical properties of macrocyclic ligands and their coordination compounds. More specifically, the stereochemistry of metallic macrocyclics is discussed, along with the relationship between the thermodynamics and stereochemistry of macrocyclics and cryptates. The stereochemical aspects of the macrocycles of second and third row transition elements are also examined. Comprised of three chapters, this volume begins with an introduction to the stereochemistry of metallic macrocyclics as well as their structure, together with the conformation of their chemical rings and the steric effects of their coordination geometry. The next chapter considers the relationship between the thermodynamics and stereochemistry of macrocyclics and cryptates, with particular reference to the macrocyclic and cryptate effect. Cation-ligand interactions and solvent effects upon complex formation are described, along with macrocyclic and macrobicyclic ligands having different donor atoms. The final chapter is devoted to the stereochemical aspects of the macrocycles of transition metal ions, with additional comments on the stereochemistry of copper and nickel in unusual oxidation states. This book will be of interest to inorganic chemists.

  • The Chemistry of Synthetic Dyes V6

    Reactive Dyes
    • 1 Edición
    • K Venkataraman
    • Inglés
    The Chemistry of Synthetic Dyes, Volume VI: Reactive Dyes is devoted solely to the reactive dyes, emphasizing their outstanding technical importance and development. This compilation is divided into three chapters. Chapter I focuses on the reactive group, while Chapter II describes the methods of preparation of typical and technically important reactive dyes. The technology and basic chemistry of the application of reactive dyes to textile fibers are covered in the last chapter. This compilation specifically discusses the reactive groups bound to the colorant, synthesis of reactive dyes, and establishment of the dye-fiber linkage. This volume is intended primarily for organic chemists and technologists concerned with the synthesis of dyes and their applications.

  • Molecular Conformation and Dynamics of Macromolecules in Condensed Systems

    A Collection of Contributions Based on Lectures Presented at the 1st Toyota Conference, Inuyama City, Japan, 28 September - 1 October 1987
    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 2
    • M. Nagasawa
    • Inglés
    Macromolecular materials possess some remarkable features arising from the fact that their molecules are made up of more or less flexible chains which can have various conformations. The study of molecular conformations and dynamics of macromolecules is important in polymer science and technology from both basic and practical viewpoints. In practice, these studies have concentrated on dilute solutions but more recently there has been a clear trend towards studying molecular properties in condensed systems in order to understand the entire macromolecular system based on a unified concept.Based on lectures presented by an internationally recognized group of polymer scientists at a meeting held in Japan in October 1987 (plus two additional contributions), this volume summarises present knowledge of molecular conformations and dynamics of macromolecules from dilute solutions to various condensed systems. The book is not a random collection of papers of the usual conference proceedings type. Authors prepared their contributions in line with an overall plan for the work, were able to discuss the content with colleagues at the meeting, and finalised their text after the conference. It is thus a comprehensive, integrated overview of the field. Current developments in both theory and experiment are discussed in a well-balanced way. The behaviour of macromolecules at phase transition and interface is discussed in relation to their behaviour in bulk systems.The book offers a particularly up-to-date and authoritative picture of the current state of the art, and will be of interest to all research and professional workers concerned with polymer science in universities, industry, and government institutions.

  • Chain Structure and Conformation of Macromolecules

    • 1 Edición
    • Frank Bovey
    • Inglés
    Chain Structure and Conformation of Macromolecules provides an introduction to the chain structures of synthetic polymers and their determination in solution and in the solid state. This book discusses the synthetic methods and polymerization mechanisms. Organized into eight chapters, this book begins with an overview of the brief history of the macromolecular concept and of stereochemical and geometrical isomerism in synthetic polymer chains. This text then introduces vibrational spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Other chapters consider the geometric isomerism in diene copolymers as well as the rotational isomeric state method of calculation of polymer chain dimensions. This book discusses as well copolymerization and the measurement of copolymer structure. The final chapter deals with the NMR observation of polymers in the solid state by the method of magic angle spinning, by which both dynamic measurements and high resolution structural information are possible. This book is a valuable resource for organic chemists, chemical engineers, and research workers.

  • Introductory Organic Chemistry

    • 1 Edición
    • J.T. Gerig
    • Inglés
    Introductory Organic Chemistry provides a descriptive overview of organic chemistry and how modern organic chemistry is practiced. Organic compounds such as alkanes, cycloalkanes, alkenes, cycloalkenes, and alkynes are covered, along with aromatic hydrocarbons, compounds derived from water and hydrogen sulfide, and compounds derived from ammonia. This book also explores organic reaction mechanisms and describes the use of molecular spectroscopy in studying the chemical structure of organic complexes. This text consists of 15 chapters and begins with a discussion on some fundamental ideas about organic chemistry, from the electronic structure of atoms to molecular structure, molecular orbitals, hybridization of atomic orbitals in carbon, chemical equilibrium, enthalpy, and acids and bases. The chapters that follow focus on the compounds of carbon such as alkanes and cycloalkanes; benzene and other aromatic hydrocarbons; amines and other heterocyclic molecules; aldehydes and ketones; carboxylic acids and their derivatives; nucleic acids; amino acids; peptides; and proteins. The use of instrumentation methods in organic chemistry, particularly mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, is also considered. An account of the mechanisms of an organic reaction is presented, paying particular attention to displacement and elimination reactions. This book concludes with a commentary on how most of the amino acids, sugars, heterocyclic molecules, and fatty acids necessary for life processes could have been formed on Earth. This book is intended for nonmajors taking an introductory organic chemistry course of two quarters or one semester in length.

  • Chemistry

    Imagination and Implication
    • 1 Edición
    • A. Truman Schwartz
    • Inglés
    Chemistry: Imagination and Implication focuses on the importance and impact of chemistry on daily living. This book discusses the essential concepts of chemistry and its application. Organized into 16 chapters, this book starts with an overview of the experimental facts, principles, and methods of chemistry as an aid in exercising intelligent and informed judgment in instances where controversy surrounds the interaction of chemistry with society or the individual. This text then explores the practical arts of metallurgy, which achieved a considerable degree of sophistication long before they were scientifically understood. The reader is then introduced to the atomic concept, the conservation of mass, as well as to the substances that constitute the living things. Other chapters consider the polymerization of amino acids into peptides and proteins. The final chapter examines the various applications of radioactive isotopes produced in particle accelerators. This book is intended for students and teachers who are involved in a chemistry course.

  • Mathematical Methods XIA

    • 1 Edición
    • Douglas Henderson
    • Inglés
    Physical Chemistry: An Advanced Treatise: Mathematical Methods, Volume XIA, is devoted to mathematical techniques of interest to chemists. The purpose of this treatise is to present a comprehensive treatment of physical chemistry for advanced students and investigators in a reasonably small number of volumes. An attempt has been made to include all important topics in physical chemistry together with borderline subjects which are of particular interest and importance. The book begins with discussions of elementary concepts such as linear vector spaces; generalized function theory; complex variable theory; boundary-value problems; approximating functions and their applications in numerical differentiation, integration, and the solution of differential equations; and group theory. These are followed by more advanced and specialized chapters that emphasize chemical applications rather than mathematical rigor. This book provides the student of physical chemistry with a basic understanding of those additional mathematical techniques which are important in chemistry and should enable him to read the current literature in theoretical chemistry.

  • Physical Chemistry and Its Biological Applications

    • 1 Edición
    • Wallace Brey
    • Inglés
    Physical Chemistry and Its Biological Applications presents the basic principles of physical chemistry and shows how the methods of physical chemistry are being applied to increase understanding of living systems. Chapters 1 and 2 of the book discuss states of matter and solutions of nonelectrolytes. Chapters 3 to 5 examine laws in thermodynamics and solutions of electrolytes. Chapters 6 to 8 look at acid-base equilibria and the link between electromagnetic radiation and the structure of atoms. Chapters 9 to 11 cover different types of bonding, the rates of chemical reactions, and the process of adsorption. Chapters 12 to 14 present molecular aggregates, magnetic resonance spectroscopy and photochemistry, and radiation. This book is useful to biological scientists for self-study and reference. With modest additions of mathematical material by the teacher, the book should also be suitable for a full-year major's course in physical chemistry.

  • The Proton: Applications to Organic Chemistry

    • 1 Edición
    • Ross Stewart
    • Inglés
    The Proton: Applications to Organic Chemistry deals with several aspects of the proton drawn from organic chemistry. This book begins with an introductory chapter, followed by discussions on the strengths of neutral organic acids and neutral organic bases. The mode of transfer of hydrogen in its three forms—H+, H•, and H-, alternative sites of protonation or deprotonation of organic compounds, and acid-base chemistry of unstable and metastable species are also elaborated. This text concludes with a presentation of the activation induced in organic molecules by proton addition or removal and its catalytic effects. This publication is intended for practicing organic chemists and researchers conducting work on protons.

  • Hydrophobic Surfaces

    • 1 Edición
    • Frederick Fowkes
    • Inglés
    Hydrophobic Surfaces reviews the studies of solid/liquid interfaces by measurements of heats of immersion, focusing on the important phenomena controlling liquid/solid interactions. This book discusses the effect of dipole moment, hydrogen-bonding, and acidic or basic character of liquid, including the role of adsorbable species. The nature of the solid surface, electric field, acidic or basic properties, and ability to form hydrogen bonds are likewise elaborated in detail. This text also stresses that polytetrafluoroethyl... surfaces have a few hydrophilic sites that carbon blacks vary widely and significantly in the relative number of hydrophobic and hydrophilic sites. This publication is beneficial to students and researchers conducting work on hydrophobic solid/liquid interfaces.

  • Phytochemicals in Plant Cell Cultures

    • 1 Edición
    • Indra K. Vasil
    • Inglés
    Cell Culture and Somatic Cell Genetics of Plants, Volume 5: Phytochemicals in Plant Cell Cultures provides comprehensive coverage of the wide variety of laboratory procedures used in plant cell culture, fundamental aspects of cell growth and nutrition, and plant regeneration and variability. This book consists of five main topics—phenylpropano... naphthoquinones, and anthraquinones; mevalonates; alkaloids; glucosinolates, polyacetylenes, and lipids; and biologically active compounds. This publication specifically discusses the coumarins in crown gall tumors, natural occurrence of bufadienolides, and accumulation of protoberberine alkaloids. The flavor production in tissue cultures of allium species and callus cultures derived from carrot root explants is also reviewed. This volume is valuable to experienced researchers and those newly entering the field of plant cell and tissue culture.

  • Spectroscopic Analysis of Gas Mixtures

    • 1 Edición
    • O Bochkova
    • Inglés
    Spectroscopic Analysis of Gas Mixtures presents the methods applied in spectral analysis of gas mixtures. The book is concerned primarily with emission analysis. It offers an extensive description of photoelectric procedures and quantitative methods of fast gas analysis; spectroscopic procedures based on absorption in the ultraviolet and infrared regions of the spectrum; and the optico-acoustic method. Physicists will find the text very informative.

  • Anti-inflammatory Agents Part II

    Chemistry and Pharmacology
    • 1 Edición
    • Robert Scherrer
    • Inglés
    Medicinal Chemistry: A Series of Monographs, Volume 13–II presents the context of inflammation and the therapeutic interventions in debilitating chronic inflammatory diseases. This book discusses the progress of therapeutics in the field of medicine with less cost but with the same degree of benefit. Comprised of 10 chapters, this volume begins with a discussion on the pathophysiological context of chronic inflammatory diseases. This book then explores the local hormones that act as alarm signals following a local injury, which includes serotonin, histamine, kinins, heparin, prostaglandin, adenylates, lysolecithins, and catecholamines. Other chapters feature contributors who have active research on the clinical evaluation and treatment of severely debilitating chronic inflammatory diseases, including gout, arthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, psoriasis, and systemic lupus erythematosus. The final chapter explores the metabolism of anti-inflammatory drugs that are organized around chemical classes of compounds. This book is a valuable source of information for physicians, chemists, and experimental biologists.

  • Fundamentals of Chemistry: Laboratory Studies

    • 3 Edición
    • Frank Brescia
    • Inglés
    Fundamentals of Chemistry: Laboratory Studies, Third Edition is a manual that provides instruction on techniques of chemical laboratory operations. Each experiment is discussed in terms of the major objective; the experimental approach to the objective; the measurements or observations to be made; and the calculation and interpretation of results. Topics covered include manipulation, weights, and measures; molecular weight; acids and bases; gravimetric and volumetric stoichiometry; and thermochemistry. This book is comprised of 43 chapters divided into 14 sections and begins by presenting general information on metric and other units, common laboratory equipment, and chemical laboratory methods. The first chapter introduces the reader to the Bunsen burner and the principles of glass working, followed by a discussion on mass and volume measurements, including the determination of density. The following chapters focus on states of matter, molecular weight, stoichiometry, and intermolecular forces. Preparations and syntheses are also considered, along with chemical equilibrium and electrochemistry. The final section is devoted to qualitative analysis, particularly of cations and anions. This monograph is intended primarily for students of chemistry.

  • Superionic Solids And Solid Electrolytes Recent Trends

    • 1 Edición
    • Amulya Laskar
    • Inglés
    Superionic Solids and Solid Electrolytes: Recent Trends describes the fundamental aspects, unique properties, and potential applications of superionic solids and solid electrolytes. These materials significantly contribute to the development of the solid state ionics technology. This book is divided into 17 chapters, and begins with an overview of various materials, such as glasses, heterogeneous or dispersed phase conductors, proton conductors, Nasicon, and fluorites. These topics are followed by a discussion on the problems related with entropy effects, subsurface space charge, and defect formation parameters. Significant chapters deal with the phenomenological, fractal, molecular dynamics, fluctuations, and correlations in superionic solid and solid electrolyte materials. A chapter tackles the solid state battery applications of solid electrolytes. This text ends with a chapter on the prediction of the potentials of activity in superionics. This book will be of value to graduate students and researchers who are interested in the solid state ionics technology.

  • Contemporary Practice of Chromatography

    • 1 Edición
    • C.F. Poole + 1 más
    • Inglés
    Written for all those who use chromatography as an analytical tool, this book covers all areas of gas, liquid, and thin-layer chromatography; no other book offers the same scope. The authors have had considerable experience in teaching graduate-level courses and the material presented here has been tried and tested, having formed the basis for short courses taught to groups of industrial chemists. Emphasis is on the practice of chromatographic methods, including ``how to'' sections and numerous examples of calculation methods. Extensively illustrated, the book contains numerous tables of all useful constants, materials and formulas frequently used by chromatographers. Valuable features are the chapters on sample preparation for chromatographic analysis, on instrumental methods for sample identification, and the comprehensive literature review.

  • Photochemical Synthesis

    • 1 Edición
    • I. Ninomiya + 1 más
    • Inglés
    The Best Synthetic Methods Series is aimed at practising organic chemists who require up-to-date details of working methods for the synthesis of organic compounds. This volume concentrates on the synthesis of compounds with specifictypes of structures which has not been possible by standard thermal methods. For ease of use the photochemical reactions covered have been presented by their functional groups.

  • The Exciplex

    • 1 Edición
    • Michael Gordon
    • Inglés
    The Exciplex contains the proceedings of the International Exciplex Conference held at the University of Western Ontario, on May 28-31, 1974. The papers explore various aspects of exciplex behavior and cover topics ranging from singlet- and triplet-state exciplexes to the photophysics of aromatic excimers. Electron-transfer reactions in multicomponent systems are also considered, along with intramolecular triplet-state charge-transfer interactions in aminoketones. Comprised of 15 chapters, this book opens with an overview of the photochemistry of excimers and exciplexes, followed by a discussion on singlet- and triplet-state exciplexes and the photophysics of aromatic excimers. Experimental results on intersystem crossing and ionic recombination processes are then presented, and electronic structures as well as dynamical behavior of some exciplex systems are described. The next chapters focus on excimers of hydrogen and acetone; complexes of dipolar excited states and small polar molecules; electron transfer and exciplex formation from triplet states of anthracene and metalloporphyrins; and exciplexes in electrogenerated chemiluminescence. The final chapter is devoted to intramolecular triplet-state charge-transfer interactions in aminoketones. This monograph will be of interest to chemists and physicists.

  • Reaction Mechanisms in Sulphuric Acid and other Strong Acid Solutions

    • 1 Edición
    • M Liler
    • Inglés
    Reaction Mechanisms in Sulfuric Acid and other Strong Acid Solutions covers the reactivity in sulfuric acid and other strongly acid solutions. This book is composed of five chapters that emphasize the measure of acidity of sulfuric acid and other acid solutions. Chapters 1 and 2 discuss the physical, thermodynamic, spectroscopic properties, and acidity functions of sulfuric acid/water mixtures. Chapters 3 and 4 examine the protonation and more complex modes of ionization of compounds in these acidic media. Chapter 5 outlines first the possible mechanisms of reactions in acid solutions followed by a discussion of mechanistic criteria that have been developed in order to distinguish between kinetically indistinguishable alternatives. This chapter also presents some methods of kinetic investigation, which are specific to concentrated sulfuric acid solutions. Inorganic chemists and researchers, teachers, and students will find this book invaluable.

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