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Elsevier

Libros en Química

  • Photochromism: Molecules and Systems

    • 1 Edición
    • Heinz Dürr + 1 más
    • Inglés
    Photochromism is simply defined as the light induced reversible change of colour. The field has developed rapidly during the past decade as a result of attempts to improve the established materials and to discover new devices for applications.As photochromism bridges molecular, supramolecular and solid state chemistry, as well as organic, inorganic and physical chemistry, such a treatment requires a multidisciplinary approach and a broad presentation. The first edition (1990) provided an enormous amount of new concepts and data, such as the presentation of main families based on the pericyclic reaction mechanism, the review of new families, some bimolecular photocycloadditions and some promising systems. This new edition provides an efficient entry into this flourishing field, with the core content retained from the original work to provide a basic introduction into the different subjects.

  • Purification of Laboratory Chemicals

    • 5 Edición
    • W.L.F. Armarego
    • Inglés
    Now in its fifth edition, the book has been updated to include more detailed descriptions of new or more commonly used techniques since the last edition as well as remove those that are no longer used, procedures which have been developed recently, ionization constants (pKa values) and also more detail about the trivial names of compounds.In addition to having two general chapters on purification procedures, this book provides details of the physical properties and purification procedures, taken from literature, of a very extensive number of organic, inorganic and biochemical compounds which are commercially available. This is the only complete source that covers the purification of laboratory chemicals that are commercially available in this manner and format.

  • Experimental Methods in Kinetic Studies

    • 1 Edición
    • Bohdan Wojciechowski + 1 más
    • Inglés
    This book is a guide to kinetic studies of reaction mechanisms. It reviews conventional reactor types and data collection methods, and introduces a new methodology for data collection using Temperature Scanning Reactors (TSR). It provides a theoretical and practical approach to temperature scanning (TS) methodology and supports a revival of kinetic studies as a useful approach to the fundamental understanding of chemical reaction mechanisms and the consequential reaction kinetics.

  • Advances in Clinical Chemistry

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 37
    • Herbert E. Spiegel
    • Inglés
    This volume, edited for the last time by H.E. Spiegel, continues the objective of expanding the intellectual horizon of clinical chemistry. The fields of analytical, anatomical, sub-cellular and molecular sciences are all represented in this volume.

  • Crystal Growth Technology

    • 1 Edición
    • Kullaiah Byrappa + 1 más
    • Inglés
    Crystals are the unacknowledged pillars of modern technology. The modern technological developments depend greatly on the availability of suitable single crystals, whether it is for lasers, semiconductors, magnetic devices, optical devices, superconductors, telecommunication, etc. In spite of great technological advancements in the recent years, we are still in the early stage with respect to the growth of several important crystals such as diamond, silicon carbide, PZT, gallium nitride, and so on. Unless the science of growing these crystals is understood precisely, it is impossible to grow them as large single crystals to be applied in modern industry. This book deals with almost all the modern crystal growth techniques that have been adopted, including appropriate case studies. Since there has been no other book published to cover the subject after the Handbook of Crystal Growth, Eds. DTJ Hurle, published during 1993-1995, this book will fill the existing gap for its readers.The book begins with ""Growth Histories of Mineral Crystals"" by the most senior expert in this field, Professor Ichiro Sunagawa. The next chapter reviews recent developments in the theory of crystal growth, which is equally important before moving on to actual techniques. After the first two fundamental chapters, the book covers other topics like the recent progress in quartz growth, diamond growth, silicon carbide single crystals, PZT crystals, nonlinear optical crystals, solid state laser crystals, gemstones, high melting oxides like lithium niobates, hydroxyapatite, GaAs by molecular beam epitaxy, superconducting crystals, morphology control, and more. For the first time, the crystal growth modeling has been discussed in detail with reference to PZT and SiC crystals.

  • Cavity-Enhanced Spectroscopies

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 40
    • Roger van Zee + 1 más
    • Inglés
    "Cavity-Enhanced Spectroscopy" discusses the use of optical resonators and lasers to make sensitive spectroscopic measurements. This volume is written by the researcchers who pioneered these methods. The book reviews both the theory and practice behind these spectroscopic tools and discusses the scientific discoveries uncovered by these techniques. It begins with a chapter on the use of optical resonators for frequency stabilization of lasers, which is followed by in-depth chapters discussing cavity ring-down spectroscopy, frequency-modulated, cavity-enhanced spectroscopy, intracavity spectroscopies, microresonators and cavity-enhanced comb filters. This book is aimed towards a reader with a background in optics and spectroscopy, but who is unfamiliar with the methods discussed in the book.

  • Advances in Quantative Structure - Property Relationships

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 3
    • Marvin Charton
    • Inglés
    The object of this series is to provide interesting and timely reviews covering all aspects of the field. It is our hope that this will encourage the transfer of new methods, techniques, and parameterizations from the field in which they were developed to other areas that can make good use of them.

  • Studies in Natural Products Chemistry

    Bioactive Natural Products, Part H
    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 27
    • Atta-ur- Rahman
    • Inglés
    Natural products play an integral and ongoing role in promoting numerous aspects of scientific advancement, and many aspects of basic research programs are intimately related to natural products. The significance, therefore, of the 28th volume in the Studies in Natural Product Chemistry series, edited by Professor Atta-ur-Rahman, cannot be overestimated.This volume, in accordance with previous volumes, presents us with cutting-edge contributions of great importance. The first paper presents over 100 compounds obtained from Broussonetia spp., and discusses biological activities. This is followed by similar contributions dealing with the genus Licania and Ginkgo biloba. Additional papers describe in detail a number of interesting and important natural compounds or structural classes: retinoids, tetramic acid metabolites, isoprenylated flavonoids, plant polyphenols, crocin, marcfortine and paraherquamide, acaricides, podolactones, triterpene glycosides and sulfur-containing marine compounds. An additional paper focuses on the antitumor activities of lipids, and a final contribution deals with natural product amelioration of cancer chemotherapy-induced adverse reactions.

  • Handbook of Infrared Detection Technologies

    • 1 Edición
    • M. Henini + 1 más
    • Inglés
    The use of lasers which emit infra-red radiation and sophisticated detectors of IR radiation is increasing dramatically: they are being used for long-distance fibre-optic communications and remote environmental monitoring and sensing. Thus they are of interest to the telecommunications industry and the military in particular. This book has been designed to bring together what is known on these devices, using an international group of contributors.

  • The Essence of Chromatography

    • 1 Edición
    • Colin F. Poole
    • Inglés
    The knowledge base of chromatography continued to expand throughout the 1990s owing to its many applications to problems of contemporary interest in industry, life and environmental sciences. Organizing this information into a single text for a diverse group of scientists has become increasingly difficult. The present book stemmed from the desire to revise Chromatography Today, written by the same author with Salwa K. Poole, and published in 1991. This title is considered to be one of the definitive texts on chromatography. It was soon realized however, that a simple revision would not provide the desired result of a contemporary picture of the practice of chromatography at the turn of the century. The only workable solution was to start afresh, maintaining the same general philosophy and concept for Chromatography Today where possible, while creating essentially a new book. The format of the new book is modular, with extensive cross-references to permit rapid location of related material using different separation concepts. Important features are extensive tabulation of essential data for performing separations and an extensive bibliography to the most recent literature. This title is intended as a suitable text for graduate level courses in the separation sciences and as a self-study guide for professional chromatographers wishing to refresh their background in this rapidly expanding field. The Essence of Chromatography presents a comprehensive survey of modern chromatography and is an effective replacement for Chromatography Today.

  • Dislocations in Solids

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 11
    • Frank R.N. Nabarro + 1 más
    • Inglés
    Dislocations are lines of irregularity in the structure of a solid analogous to the bumps in a badly laid carpet. Like these bumps, they can be easily moved, and they provide the most important mechanism by which the solid can be deformed. They also have a strong influence on crystal growth and on the electronic properties of semiconductors.

  • Analytical Profiles of Drug Substances and Excipients

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 29
    • Harry G. Brittain
    • Inglés
    Although the official compendia define a drug substance as to identity, purity, strength, and quality, they normally do not provide other physical or chemical data, nor do they list methods of synthesis or pathways of physical or biological degradation and metabolism. Such information is scattered throughout the scientific literature and the files of pharmaceutical laboratories. Analytical Profiles of Drug Substances and Excipients brings the latest information together in one source.

  • Nonequilibrium Thermodynamics

    Transport and Rate Processes in Physical & Biological Systems
    • 1 Edición
    • Yasar Demirel
    • Inglés
    The book begins with a brief review of equilibrium systems and transport and rate processes, then covers the following areas: theory of nonequilibrium thermodynamics; dissipation function; entropy and exergy; analysis and case studies on using the second law of thermodynamics; economic impact of the nonequilibrium thermodynamics theory; analysis of transport and rate processes; membrane transport; dissipative structures and biological systems; and other thermodynamic approaches and extended nonequilibrium thermodynamics.

  • Microscopy Techniques for Materials Science

    • 1 Edición
    • A Clarke + 1 más
    • Inglés
    This comprehensive reference work provides an overview of, and practical guide to, the various computer-aided microscopical techniques used in materials science today. After introducing the reader to the basic concepts of optics, the interactions between light and matter, and image processing, the book goes on to discuss in depth both 2D reflection microscopy and confocal laser scanning microscopy. The application of these techniques to the characterisation of materials is abundantly illustrated by hundreds of photographs and illustrations, and through specific case studies. There is also discussion of other modern optical imaging techniques and of non-optical ones such as x-ray micrography. This reference text is essential both for beginners looking for an introduction to the subject as well as advanced materials researchers in the fields where optical microscopy is used.

  • Progress in Heterocyclic Chemistry

    A Critical Review of the 2001 Literature Preceded by Two Chapters on Current Heterocyclic Topics
    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 14
    • G.W. Gribble + 1 más
    • Inglés
    This volume of Progress in Heterocyclic Chemistry (PHC) is the fourteenth annual review of the literature, covering the work published on important heterocyclic ring systems during 2001. In this volume there are two specialized reviews. The first, by Jan Bergman and Tomasz Janosik, covers their work on sulfur-containing indoles. The second, by David Knight, discusses 5-endo-trig iodocyclisations. The subsequent chapters, arranged by increasing heterocycle ring size, review recent advances in the field of heterocyclic chemistry with emphasis on synthesis and reactions.

  • Countercurrent Chromatography

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 38
    • A. Berthod
    • Inglés
    Countercurrent chromatography (CCC) is a separation technique in which the stationary phase is a liquid. The mobile phase is also a liquid, so biphasic liquid systems with at least two solvents are used. Centrifugal fields are used to hold the liquid stationary phase while pushing the liquid mobile phase through it.This comprehensive reference covers recent advancements in the two types of CCC machines: the high speed CCCs without rotary seals and with coiled spools and centrifugal partition chromatographs (CPC) with rotary seals and interconnected channels. Written by leading international experts in the CCC field, the book focuses on the liquid nature of the stationary phase: giving newcomers the basis to do CCC efficiently and rapidly; explaining the art of obtaining a biphasic liquid system; describing the flow patterns in both CPC and high speed CCC machines; showing possible other uses of a liquid stationary phase; presenting a wealth of applications in the separation of organic, pharmaceutical and inorganic mixtures; and demonstrating that even supercritical fluids can be used in CCC.

  • Concise Chemistry of the Elements

    • 1 Edición
    • S C Siekierski + 1 más
    • Inglés
    The Periodic Table of the Elements is the most widely used basis for systematic discussion of inorganic chemistry. Two experienced chemists encapsulate their knowledge and teaching experience in this succinct text, suitable for both undergraduate and post-graduate courses. Part one explains how fundamental properties of atoms determine the chemical properties of elements, and how and why these properties change in the Periodic Table. The main properties discussed include radii and energies, ionization potentials, and electron affinities. Particular emphasis is placed on unique properties of the first s, p, and d shells, on the effects of filled 3d and 4d shells on the properties of p and d elements, and on relativistic effects in the heavy elements. The overall treatment will clarify many complex concepts. Part two presents an outline of inorganic chemistry within the framework of the Periodic Table, detailing the application and relevance of the principles set out in part one.

  • Clathrochelates

    Synthesis, Structure and Properties
    • 1 Edición
    • Y.Z. Voloshin + 2 más
    • Inglés
    Clathrochelates are compounds which contain a metal ion encapsulated within a three dimensional cage of macrobicyclic ligand atoms. Within this cage the metal has unique properties and is to a great extent isolated from environmental factors. Such complexes are suitable as models of the most essential biological systems, membrane transport, electron carriers, highly selective and sensitive analytical reagents, catalysts for photochemical and redox processes, cation and anion receptors, etc. The aim of this monograph is to generalize and analyze experimental and theoretical data on clathrochelates in order to promote further research in this promising field of chemistry.Chapter 1 gives general concepts of complexes with encapsulated metal ions, discusses basic specific features of these compounds, considers and characterizes the main types of compounds with encapsulated metal ions and the main classes of clathrochelates, and includes the current nomenclature. Chapter 2 deals with the pathways of clathrochelate synthesis and the general procedures for the synthesis of macrobicyclic tris-dioximates, phosphorus-containin... tris-diiminates, sepulchrates, sarcophagi-nates, and polyene and other types of clathrochelate complexes. Chapter 3 concerns studies of the electronic and spatial structure of clathrochelate complexes. In Chapter 4, the kinetics and mechanism of synthesis and decomposition reactions of macrobicyclic tris-dioximates, sarcophaginates, and sepulchrates in solution and gas phases are discussed. Chapter 5 considers the electrochemical, photochemical, and some other characteristics of clathrochelates and their applications associated with these characteristics. Finally, the practical applications of the unique properties of clathrochelates and perspectives on the synthesis of new clathrochelates are described in Chapters 6 and 7, respectively.

  • Comprehensive Organometallic Chemistry II, Volume 7

    Iron, Ruthenium and Osmium: A Review of the Literature 1982-1994
    • 1 Edición
    • D.F. Schriver + 1 más
    • Inglés
    The section devoted to iron in this volume reflects the tremendous progress in the area. Specifically cluster chemistry, ligand transformations and detailed structural results are more prominent in COMC II. The organic chemistry of ruthenium and osmium is an area which has burgeoned during the period since the publication of COMC. This is especially true for the cluster chemistry of these elements, which have provided most of the advances in this important field. Consequently, this volume will include an update (1981-1993) of the chemistry of mono- and bi-nuclear complexes of ruthenium and osmium, with a rather more extensive treatment of tri- and tetra-nuclear complexes. This is because many of the early results in ruthenium and osmium cluster chemistry described in COMC are now much better understood and can thus be placed in a more general context. In the case of complexes containing clusters with five or more metal atoms, the coverage is essentially complete, again because this chemistry has developed during the 1980s.

  • Comprehensive Organometallic Chemistry II, Volume 14

    Comprehensive Organometallic Chemistry II: A Review of the Literature 1982-1994: Cumulative Indexes
    • 1 Edición
    • Edward W. Abel
    • Inglés
    Since the publication Comprehensive Organometallic Chemistry in 1982, studies on the chemistry of moleculeswith carbon-metal bonds have continued to expand rapidly. This is due to many factors, ranging from the sheer intellectual challenge and excitement provided by the continuing production of novel results, which demand new ideas, through to the successful application of organometallic species in organic syntheses, the generation of living catalysts for polymerization, and the synthesis of precursors for materials employed in the electronic and ceramic industries. These factors led to the publication of the updated Comprehensive Organometallic Chemistry II. The original work serves as a basis for new volumes, focusing on organometallic chemistry reported since 1982, with reference back to the original work when necessary. For ease of use the new volumes maintain the same general structure as employed previously but reflect the changes in substance and direction the field has undergone in the last ten years. This book will serve as a pivotal reference point for new work and will function to generate new ideas and perceptions for the continued advance of what will surely continue as a vibrant area of chemistry.

  • Characterization of Liquids, Nano- and Microparticulates, and Porous Bodies using Ultrasound

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 24
    • Andrei S. Dukhin + 1 más
    • Inglés
    Two key words define the scope of this book: 'ultrasound' and 'colloids'. Historically, there has been little real communication between disciples of these two fields. Although there is a large body of literature devoted to ultrasound phenomenon in colloids, there is little recognition that such phenomena may be of real importance for both the development, and application, of Colloid Science. From the other side, colloid scientists have not embraced acoustics as an important tool for characterizing colloids. The lack of any serious dialogue between these scientific fields is the biggest motivation behind this book. For colloidal systems, ultrasound provides information on three important areas of particle characterization: Particle sizing, Rheology, and Electrokinetics. This book primarily targets scientists who consider colloids as their major object of interest. As such we emphasize those aspects of acoustics that are important for colloids, and thereby neglect many others. On the other hand, scientists working with ultrasound who are already familiar with the subject will find several important new developments.

  • Surface Alloys and Alloy Surfaces

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 10
    • Inglés
    DescriptionSurface Alloys and Alloy Surfaces is concerned with the structural, compositional, electronic and chemical properties of the surfaces of solids in which the surface layers, at least are alloyed. Two different categories of system are covered - the surfaces of bulk alloys (alloy surfaces) and surface phases in which one or more outermost atomic layers are alloyed, while the underlying bulk involves no such intermixing (surface alloys).Importance of TopicThe surfaces of bulk alloys have long been known to be of practical interest for their chemical properties. It has also long been known that the surface composition of such alloys commonly differs from that of the underlying bulk. However, our understanding of these chemical and physical phenomena is far from complete and the application of surface science methods to investigate these phenomena is a manifestation of a general trend to study the surfaces of increasing complexity. Surface alloy formation, as a much more recently recognized phenomenon deserves more attention.Why This TitleThis title is important as it provides new insights into a mixture of new and old problems. It is the first to cover the important mixture of material on surface alloys and alloy surfaces. Each chapter is written by experts in different areas of these two interrelated topics, covering theory and experiment, physics and chemistry, geometrical and electronic structure. The coverage of the surface alloy topic is especially novel as it is relatively newly-recognised as quite a common phenomenon.

  • Modelling in Transport Phenomena

    • 1 Edición
    • Ismail Tosun
    • Inglés
    Modelling in Transport Phenomena: A Conceptual Approach aims to show students how to translate the inventory rate equation into mathematical terms at both the macroscopic and microscopic levels. The emphasis is on obtaining the equation representing a physical phenomenon and its interpretation. The book begins with a discussion of basic concepts and their characteristics. It then explains the terms appearing in the inventory rate equation, including ""rate of input"" and ""rate of output."" The rate of generation in transport of mass, momentum, and energy is also described. Subsequent chapters detail the application of inventory rate equations at the macroscopic and microscopic levels. This book is intended as an undergraduate textbook for an introductory Transport Phenomena course in the junior year. It can also be used in unit operations courses in conjunction with standard textbooks. Although it is written for students majoring in chemical engineering, it can also serve as a reference or supplementary text in environmental, mechanical, petroleum, and civil engineering courses.

  • Acceleration and Automation of Solid Sample Treatment

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 24
    • J.L. Luque García + 1 más
    • Inglés
    This book aims to provide scientists with information about a series of techniques that can be used with a view to facilitating the transformation of the sample to an appropriate state for subsequent detection or quantitation of its components of interest. The techniques dealt with range from the very simple ones (e.g. freeze-drying) to other more complex ones (e.g. glow discharge and laser-induced breakdown sampling). This is the first compilation ever on the subjects of acceleration of solid sample pretreatment; automation of solid sample pretreatment; and integration of solid sample pretreatment and detection. Readers will find here the information required to compare and select the best choice for each sample treatment need and ways to facilitate or automate the most complex and time-consuming step of the analytical process when solid samples are involved.

  • The Porphyrin Handbook

    Chlorophylls and Bilins: Biosynthesis, Synthesis and Degradation
    • 1 Edición
    • Karl Kadish + 2 más
    • Inglés
    The Porphyrin Handbook, Volume 13: Chlorophylls and Bilins: Biosynthesis, Synthesis, and Degradation provides information pertinent to every aspect of the chemistry, synthesis, spectroscopy, and structure of phthalocyanines. This book examines the biology and medical implications of porphyrin systems. Organized into eight chapters, this volume begins with an overview of magnesium chelatase as a complex enzyme involved in the biosynthesis of chlorophyll and bacteriochlorophyll. This text then provides an accurate historical review of the two enzymes involved in photosynthetic pigment production. Other chapters consider the processes that take place in darkness in all plants including angiosperms as the early steps of chlorophyll biosynthesis. This book discusses as well the reactivity and structures of the known chlorophyll catabolites from vascular plants, synthetic sources, and microorganisms. The final chapter deals with the methodologies used for the synthesis of bile pigments. This book is a valuable resource for research scientists, engineers, and clinicians.

  • The Porphyrin Handbook

    The Iron and Cobalt Pigments: Biosynthesis, Structure and Degradation
    • 1 Edición
    • Karl Kadish + 2 más
    • Inglés
    The Porphyrin Handbook, Volume 12: The Iron and Cobalt Pigments: Biosynthesis, Structure, and Degradation provides information pertinent to every aspect of the chemistry, synthesis, spectroscopy, and structure of phthalocyanines. This book presents the biochemical and clinical aspects of genetically transmitted or drug-induced diseases associated with errors in heme metabolism. Organized into eight chapters, this volume begins with an overview of the comparison of regulatory principles in animal and plant tetrapyrrole biosynthesis. This text then examines the biology and medical implications of porphyrin systems. Other chapters consider the transformation of hemes into bile pigments, the organic synthesis of bilins, and the pathways of degradation of chlorophyll in senescent plants. This book discusses as well the biosynthesis of porphyrins, vitamin B12, and chlorophylls. The final chapter deals with genome sequencing projects that provide sources of genes encoding the enzymes needed for the synthesis of the intermediates. This book is a valuable resource for research scientists, engineers, and clinicians.

  • The Porphyrin Handbook

    Phthalocyanines: Synthesis
    • 1 Edición
    • Karl Kadish + 2 más
    • Inglés
    The Porphyrin Handbook, Volume 15: Phthalocyanines: Synthesis provides information pertinent to every aspect of the chemistry, synthesis, spectroscopy, and structure of phthalocyanines. This book examines the biology and medical implications of porphyrin systems. Organized into five chapters, this volume begins with an overview of the importance of compounds such as heme and chlorophyll that play vital roles in the biological systems responsible for the transportation of oxygen to cells in the body. This text then explores the different methods used for the preparation of phthalocyanine and its metallated derivatives. Other chapters consider the detailed survey of phthalocyanine formation, characterization, and purification. This book discusses as well the synthesis of low-symmetry phthalocyanines and related compounds. The final chapter deals with a survey of the structure, synthesis, and physiochemical properties of porphyrazines with annulated heterocycles. This book is a valuable resource for research scientists, engineers, and clinicians.

  • The Porphyrin Handbook

    Medical Aspects of Porphyrins
    • 1 Edición
    • Karl Kadish + 2 más
    • Inglés
    The Porphyrin Handbook, Volume 14: Medical Aspects of Porphyrins provides information pertinent to every aspect of the chemistry, synthesis, spectroscopy, and structure of phthalocyanines. This book examines the biology and medical implications of porphyrin systems. Organized into 12 chapters, this volume begins with an overview of the underlying diagnostic features, mechanisms, and available treatments of erythropoietic disorders due to defective heme biosynthesis. This text then examines the physiopathology of acute intermittent porphyria, which is transmitted as autosomal dominant disorders with incomplete penetrance. Other chapters consider the main characteristics of congenital erythropoietic porphyria, which includes an increased synthesis, accumulation, ad excretion of porphyrins. This book discusses as well the biochemistry, pathophysiology, and clinical features of variegate porphyria in the light of several essential advances in the understanding, management, and diagnosis of variegate porphyria. The final chapter deals with the legal use of herbal and complementary medicines. This book is a valuable resource for research scientists, engineers, and clinicians.

  • The Porphyrin Handbook

    Phthalocyanines: Structural Characterization
    • 1 Edición
    • Karl Kadish + 2 más
    • Inglés
    The Porphyrin Handbook, Volume 20: Phthalocyanines: Structural Characterization provides information pertinent to every aspect of the chemistry, synthesis, spectroscopy, and structure of phthalocyanines. This book examines the biology and medical implications of porphyrin systems. Organized into one chapter, this volume begins with an overview of the molecular and crystal structures of phthalocyanine and related complexes followed by a database section. This text then examines the crystallographic data that provided many researchers with the foundation to conduct their own research on phthalocyanine crystal structures. This book considers the structural basis for the prediction or calculation of the phthalocyanine physical properties. This book discusses as well the fundamental structure of a phthalocyanine molecule that consists of four isoindole units, circularly linked via azamethine bridges. This book is a valuable resource for research scientists, engineers, and clinicians.

  • The Porphyrin Handbook

    Multporphyrins, Multiphthalocyanines and Arrays
    • 1 Edición
    • Karl Kadish + 2 más
    • Inglés
    The Porphyrin Handbook, Volume 18: Multiporphyrins, Multiphthalocyanines and Arrays provides information pertinent to every aspect of the chemistry, synthesis, spectroscopy, and structure of phthalocyanines. This book examines the biology and medical implications of porphyrin systems. Organized into five chapters, this volume begins with an overview of the results obtained in the research concerning the properties and formation of a class of metal phthalocyanine derivatives containing of two macrocyclic units. This text then examines the luminescence and photophysical data of multiporphyrin systems in which the chromophore centers are held together by weak, medium, or strong bonding interactions. Other chapters consider the intensive electronic absorption and circular dichroism properties of chiral phthalocyanines. This book discusses as well the chemistry porphyrin and corrin systems. The final chapter deals with geoporphyrins or sedimentary porphyrins, which are the most abundant porphyrin derivatives on earth. This book is a valuable resource for research scientists, engineers, and clinicians.

  • The Porphyrin Handbook

    Bioinorganic and Bioorganic Chemistry
    • 1 Edición
    • Roger Guilard + 2 más
    • Inglés
    The Porphyrin Handbook, Volume 11: Bioinorganic and Bioorganic Chemistry presents the fundamental aspects of the synthesis, structure, chemistry, and spectroscopy of phthalocyanines. This book discusses the biology and medical implications of porphyrin systems. Organized into seven chapters, this volume begins with an overview of the design, synthesis, and study of the structural and functional models of heme/copper terminal oxidases. This text then examines the proteins containing iron-protoporphyrin IX (heme), which play key roles in photosynthesis and respiration. Other chapters consider the syntheses of chiral porphyrin derivatives and summarize the uses of such compounds in enantioselective control. This book discusses as well the reactivity and synthesis of synthetic carbine metalloporphyrins. The final chapter deals with the B12-coenzymes, which is the most complex and physiologically important organometallic enzymatic reactions that directly depend on the reactivity of metal coordinated organic ligands. This book is a valuable resource for research scientists, clinicians, and engineers.

  • The Porphyrin Handbook

    Phthalocyanines: Properties and Materials
    • 1 Edición
    • Karl Kadish + 2 más
    • Inglés
    Approx.284 pages

  • The Porphyrin Handbook

    Phthalocyanines: Spectroscopic and Electrochemical Characterization
    • 1 Edición
    • Karl Kadish + 2 más
    • Inglés
    The Porphyrin Handbook, Volume 16: Phthalocyanines: Spectroscopic and Electrochemical Characterization provides information pertinent to every aspect of the chemistry, synthesis, spectroscopy, and structure of phthalocyanines. This book examines the biology and medical implications of porphyrin systems. Organized into five chapters, this volume begins with an overview of the photophysical properties of phthalocyanines that are important in relation to photosensitizers in photodynamic therapy, photoconductor, solar cells, and artificial photosynthesis. This text then describe how the data obtained from magnetic circular dichroism spectroscopy has provided the critical information required to describe the excited and ground state degeneracies of main group metallophthalocyanin... complexes. Other chapters consider the electrocatalysis by electrodes modified with phthalocyanine sensors and complexes. This book discusses as well the properties of phthalocyanines and of their complexes. The final chapter deals with the experiments with organic pigment thin films. This book is a valuable resource for research scientists, engineers, and clinicians.

  • The Porphyrin Handbook

    Applications of Phthalocyanines
    • 1 Edición
    • Karl Kadish + 2 más
    • Inglés
    The Porphyrin Handbook, Volume 19: Applications of Phthalocyanines provides information pertinent to every aspect of the chemistry, synthesis, spectroscopy, and structure of phthalocyanines. This book examines the biology and medical implications of porphyrin systems. Organized into five chapters, this volume begins with an overview of the basic photobiology of phthalocyanines, their structure–activity relationships, mechanisms of action in a variety of biological systems, and their potential applications for various medical purposes. This text then examines the type of organization of the molecules in the solid state and the intensity of the intermolecular interactions. Other chapters consider the applications of phthalocyanines as decorative and functional materials, with emphasis on properties and structures of phthalocyanines with industrial relevance. This book discusses as well the enzyme-like catalytic functions of metal complexes derivatives and their practical applications as odor-removing systems and bacterial systems based on their effective catalytic activities. This book is a valuable resource for research scientists, engineers, and clinicians.

  • Spectral Imaging of the Atmosphere

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 82
    • Gordon G. Shepherd
    • Inglés
    Optical instruments are routinely employed to obtain a wealth of information about the atmosphere, including its composition, temperature, and winds. A bewildering variety of optical instruments have been proposed over the years, making it difficult to decide which instrument should be chosen to make a specific measurement. Spectral Imaging of the Atmosphere traces the historical development of both spectral and imaging methods and places them in a unified framework relevant to observations of the troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere and thermosphere. The underlying concepts of various measurement methodologies are presented and paired with appropriate applications. A selection of specific spectral imaging instruments, appropriate to illustrate each conceptual type, is described in detail.Shepherd's work provides both scientists and engineers with an in-depth understanding of the fundamental concepts they need to know in order to plan a program of atmospheric measurements. Expected future methods and developments are also presented. Problems designed to test and enhance the reader's understanding of the material are included in each chapter.

  • Organic Syntheses Based on Name Reactions

    • 2 Edición
    • Volumen 22
    • C Stumer + 1 más
    • Inglés

  • Organolithiums: Selectivity for Synthesis

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 23
    • Jonathan Clayden
    • Inglés
    This volume, number 23 in the "Tetrahedron Organic Chemistry" series, presents organolithium chemistry from the perspective of a synthetic organic chemist, drawing from the synthetic literature to present a unified overview of how organolithiums can be used to make molecules. The development of methods for the regioselective synthesis of organolithiums has replaced their image of indiscriminate high reactivity with one of controllable and subtle selectivity. Organolithium chemistry has a central role in the selective construction of C-C bonds in both simple and complex molecules, and for example has arguably overtaken aromatic electrophilic substitution as the most powerful method for regioselective functionalisation of aromatic rings. The twin themes of reactivity and selectivity run through the book, which reviews the ways by which organolithiums may be formed and the ways in which they react. Topics include advances in directed metallation, reductive lithiation and organolithium cyclisation reactions, along with a discussion of organolithium stereochemistry and the role played by ligands such as (-)-sparteine.

  • Organolithiums: Selectivity for Synthesis

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 23
    • Jonathan Clayden
    • Inglés
    This volume, number 23 in the "Tetrahedron Organic Chemistry" series, presents organolithium chemistry from the perspective of a synthetic organic chemist, drawing from the synthetic literature to present a unified overview of how organolithiums can be used to make molecules. The development of methods for the regioselective synthesis of organolithiums has replaced their image of indiscriminate high reactivity with one of controllable and subtle selectivity. Organolithium chemistry has a central role in the selective construction of C-C bonds in both simple and complex molecules, and for example has arguably overtaken aromatic electrophilic substitution as the most powerful method for regioselective functionalisation of aromatic rings. The twin themes of reactivity and selectivity run through the book, which reviews the ways by which organolithiums may be formed and the ways in which they react. Topics include advances in directed metallation, reductive lithiation and organolithium cyclisation reactions, along with a discussion of organolithium stereochemistry and the role played by ligands such as (-)-sparteine.

  • Organic Syntheses Based on Name Reactions

    • 2 Edición
    • Alfred Hassner + 1 más
    • Inglés

  • EPR in the 21st Century

    • 1 Edición
    • Asako Kawamori + 2 más
    • Inglés
    The Proceedings in this volume are a refereed selection of presentations from The Third Asia-Pacific EPR/ESR Symposium (APES'01), held in Kobe, Japan from October 29 to November 1, 2001. Participants from 20 countries from Asia, Australia, Europe, North and South America presented 210 papers, of which 132 are included here.These Proceedings are also a blueprint for development of electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) / electron spin resonance (ESR) in the Asia-Pacific region in the 21st century. The Symposium reflected a variety of research fields developed over half a century and focuses especially on the most recent developments, such as high-field and high-frequency EPR, which are envisaged to be further developed and applied to various fields in the 21st century.All sessions consisted of Plenary, Invited and Contributed presentations. The Plenary presentations aimed at summarizing the overall developments. Invited presentations, reviewing the most recent developments, and Contributed ones, dealing with original research recently carried out in the EPR/ESR area, were given in one of three parallel sessions. The unique research works presented cover various fields and reflect the existing diversity of applications of the EPR/ESR techniques.

  • Phytochemistry in the Genomics and Post-Genomics Eras

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 36
    • John Romeo + 1 más
    • Inglés
    This monograph series is commissioned by the Phytochemical Society of North America (PSNA). The volumes in this series contain articles on developing topics of interest to scientists, students and individuals interested in recent developments in the biochemistry, chemistry and molecular biology of plants. Volume 36 centers on the role of phytochemistry in the rapid developments in biology brought about by the application of large-scale genomics approaches. Several functional genomic approaches discussed in this volume address plant gene function on a large scale. Plants are combinatorial chemists par excellence, and understanding the principles that relate enzyme structure to function will open up unlimited possibilities for the rational design of new enzymes to generate novel biologically active natural products. Knowledge of the molecular genetics of plant natural product pathways will also facilitate the engineering of these pathways for plant improvement and human benefit. Phytochemistry truly has a great future in the genomics and post-genomics eras.

  • Macrolide Antibiotics

    Chemistry, Biology, and Practice
    • 2 Edición
    • Satoshi Omura
    • Inglés
    Macrolide Antibiotics: Chemistry, Biochemistry, and Practice, Second Edition explores the discovery of new macrolide antibiotics, their function, and their clinical use in diseases such as cancer, AIDS, cystic fibrosis and pneumonia. This book discusses the creation of synthetic macrolides and the mechanisms of antibiotic activity. The uses for antimicrobial macrolides in clinical practice are also covered. This book is designed to appeal to both the basic and applied research communities interested in microbiology, bacteriology, and antibiotic/antifunga... research and treament.

  • Valence Bond Theory

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 10
    • David Cooper
    • Inglés
    Valence bond (VB) theory, which builds the descriptions of molecules from those of its constituent parts, provided the first successful quantum mechanical treatments of chemical bonding. Its language and concepts permeate much of chemistry, at all levels. Various modern formulations of VB theory represent serious tools for quantum chemical studies of molecular electronic structure and reactivity. In physics, there is much VB-based work (particularly in semi-empirical form) on larger systems. Importance of TopicThe last decade has seen significant advances in methodology and a vast increase in the range of applications, with many new researchers entering the field.Why This TitleValence Bond Theory succeeds in presenting a comprehensive selection of contributions from leading valence bond (VB) theory researchers throughout the world. It focuses on the vast increase in the range of applications of methodology based on VB theory during the last decade and especially emphasizes recent advances.

  • Biodiversity and Natural Product Diversity

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 21
    • F Pietra
    • Inglés

  • Biodiversity and Natural Product Diversity

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 21
    • F Pietra
    • Inglés
    This, the most recent contribution to the Tetrahedron Organic Chemistry series, provides an integrated evaluation of the diversity of natural products in relation to biodiversity. The ongoing exploitation of biological resources, while maintaining an effective equilibrium on Earth, depends much on the conservation of biodiversity. To this end, parts one and two focus on biodiversity from all viewpoints, while explaining the link with natural products. The third section concentrates on the molecular-shape level, as a link to ecosystem and biodiversity, while the fourth section tackles actual functionalization, as a link to biodiversity at species level. Part five addresses the diversification of these resources from biotechnology and chemical technology, while the final part is concerned with maintaining natural product diversity on Earth.

  • Sample Preparation in Chromatography

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 65
    • S.C. Moldoveanu + 1 más
    • Inglés
    Sample preparation is an essential step in many analyses. This book approaches the topic of sample preparation in chromatography in a methodical way, viewing it as a logical connection between sample collection and analytical chromatography. Providing a guide for choosing the appropriate sample preparation for a given analysis, this book describes various ways to process the sample, explaining the principle, discussing the advantages and disadvantages, describing the applicability to different types of samples, and showing the fitness to specific chromatographic determinations.The first part of the book contains an overview of sample preparation showing its relation to sample collection and to the core chromatographic analysis. The second part covers procedures that do not use chemical modifications of the analyte and includes methods for sample dissolution, concentration and cleanup designed mainly for modifying the initial matrix of the sample. This part starts with conventional separations such as filtration and distillation and finishes with more advanced techniques such as solid phase extraction and electroseparations. The third part gives a description of the chemical modifications that can be performed on a sample either for fractionation purposes or to improve a specific property of the analyte. This part includes derivatizations, polymer chemical degradations, and pyrolysis.

  • Advances in Heterocyclic Chemistry

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 82
    • Alan R. Katritzky
    • Inglés
    Established in 1960, Advances in Heterocyclic Chemistry is the definitive serial in the area-one of great importance to organic chemists, polymer chemists, and many biological scientists. Written by established authorities in the field, the comprehensive reviews combine descriptive chemistry and mechanistic insight and yield an understanding of how the chemistry drives the properties.

  • Topology in Chemistry

    Discrete Mathematics of Molecules
    • 1 Edición
    • D H Rouvray + 1 más
    • Inglés
    This volume addresses a number of topological themes of direct relevance to chemists. Topological concepts are now regularly applied in wide areas of chemistry including molecular engineering and design, chemical toxicology, the study of molecular shape, crystal and surface structures, chemical bonding, macromolecular species such as polymers and DNA, and environmental chemistry. Currently, the design and synthesis of new drugs and agrochemicals are of especial importance. The book's prime focus is on the role played by topological indices in the description and characterisation of molecular species. The Wiener index along with a variety of other major topological indices, are discussed with particular reference to the powerful and much used connectivity indices. In this book an international team of leading experts review their respective fields and present their findings.The considerable benefits offered by topological indices in the investigation of chemical problems in science, medicine, and industry are highlighted. The volume records proceedings of the Harry Wiener Memorial Conference on the Role of Topology in Chemistry, held at the University of Georgia in March 2001, and serves as a fitting tribute to the chemical contributions of the late Harry Wiener.

  • Absorbent Technology

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 13
    • P.K. Chatterjee + 1 más
    • Inglés
    This publication discusses the theoretical aspects of absorbency as well as the structure, properties and performance of materials. The chapters are arranged in an approach for the reader to advance progressively through fundamental theories of absorbency to more practical aspects of the technology. Topics covered include scientific principles of absorbency and structure property relationships; material technology including super absorbents, non-woven, natural and synthetic fibres and surfactants; absorbency measurement techniques and technology perspective. The reader is provided with current status information on technology and is also informed on important developments within the field.

  • Studies in Natural Products Chemistry

    Bioactive Natural Products (Part G)
    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 26
    • Atta-ur Rahman
    • Inglés

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