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Elsevier

Libros en Química

  • Micromachining Using Electrochemical Discharge Phenomenon

    Fundamentals and Application of Spark Assisted Chemical Engraving
    • 1 Edición
    • Rolf Wuthrich + 1 más
    • Inglés
    This book explains the fundamentals of SACE, promotes the technology, and encourages researchers and engineers from industry to use it for their specific applications. Therefore, the book, after presenting in details the fundaments of SACE (in particular the Electrochemical Discharges), deals mainly with practical aspects of implementing the machining technology. The book is written so that researchers from fields other than micro-technology (e.g., from life science) will be able to build a simple machining set-up, together with his mechanical work-shop, for individual needs.

  • Chemical Methods in Gas Chromatography

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 24
    • V.G. Berezkin
    • Inglés

  • Environmental Problem Solving Using Gas and Liquid Chromatography

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 21
    • R.L. Grob + 1 más
    • Inglés

  • Modern Liquid Chromatography of Macromolecules

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 25
    • B.G. Belenkii + 1 más
    • Inglés

  • Applications

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 18B
    • Z. Deyl
    • Inglés

  • Microcolumn High-Performance Liquid Chromatography

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 28
    • P. Kucera
    • Inglés

  • Chromatography of Antibiotics

    • 2 Edición
    • Volumen 26
    • M.J. Weinstein + 1 más
    • Inglés

  • Isoelectric Focusing: Theory, Methodology and Application

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 11
    • Pier Giorgio Righetti
    • Inglés
    This book deals with theoretical and practical developments of IEF and offers detailed methodology for many of the commonly used procedures, such as IEF in gels. It is intended both as a reference guide and a practical manual.

  • Quantitative Column Liquid Chromatography

    A Survey of Chemometric Methods
    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 29
    • S.T. Balke
    • Inglés

  • Pyrolysis Mass Spectrometry of Recent and Fossil Biomaterials

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 3
    • H.L.C. Meuzelaar + 2 más
    • Inglés

  • Chemical Derivatization in Liquid Chromatography

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 7
    • J.F. Lawrence + 1 más
    • Inglés

  • Instrumental Liquid Chromatography

    A Practical Manual on High-Performance Liquid Chromatographic Methods
    • 2 Edición
    • Volumen 27
    • N.A. Parris
    • Inglés

  • Handbook of Non-Invasive Drug Delivery Systems

    Science and Technology
    • 1 Edición
    • Vitthal S. Kulkarni
    • Inglés
    With the improvements in formulation science and certain transdermal delivery technologies, the non-invasive mode of drug delivery is now ready to compete with traditional methods of oral and injectible routes of drug delivery. The Handbook of Non-Invasive Drug Delivery Systems encompasses the broad field of non-invasive drug delivery systems that include drug delivery via topical, transdermal-passive, transdermal-active (device- aided enhanced penetration), trans-mucosal membrane, trans-ocular membrane as well as delivery via alveolar membrane from inhaled medication. Patient compliance has been found to be much higher when administrated by non-invasive routes and therefore they are considered to be a preferred mode of drug delivery. The book includes both science and technological aspects of new drug delivery systems. Its unique focus is that it is on new drug delivery systems that are considered to be "non-invasive". Other unique features include a chapter on Regulatory Aspects of non-invasive systems and one on FDA guidance for topical nano-drug delivery. Two chapters covering market trends and perspectives, as well as providing guidance to those marketing such systems are also included.

  • Job$ in the Drug Indu$try

    A Career Guide for Chemists
    • 1 Edición
    • Richard J. Friary
    • Inglés
    This book is intended to help newly graduated chemists, particularly organic chemists, at all levels from bachelors to post-doctorates, find careers in the North American pharmaceutical industry. It will serve as a practical, detailed guiedbook for job seekers as well a reference work for faculty advisers, research supervisors, development officers, employment agents, and personnel managers in the industry. The book gathers in a single volume the fundamentals of getting an industrial job as a medicinal or process chemist, and covers all aspects of a chemist's job--scientific, financial, and managerial--within a pharmaceutical/biote... company. Other scientists looking for jobs as analytical or physical chemists and even biochemists and biologists will find the book useful. The valuable appendix is a unique compendium of 365 commercial, governmental, or non-profit institutions that comprise the North American pharmaceutical industry.

  • Bioactive Natural Products (Part B)

    V21
    • 1 Edición
    • Atta-ur Rahman
    • Inglés
    Natural products play an integral and ongoing role in promoting numerous aspects of scientific advancement, and many aspects of basic research programs are intimately related to natural products. The significance, therefore, of the Studies in Natural Product Chemistry series, edited by Professor Atta-ur-Rahman, cannot be overestimated. This volume, in accordance with previous volumes, presents us with cutting-edge contributions of great importance.

  • Sample Handling and Trace Analysis of Pollutants

    Techniques, Applications and Quality Assurance
    • 1 Edición
    • Damià Barceló
    • Inglés
    This book is an updated, completely revised version of a previous volume in this series entitled: ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS -- Techniques, applications and quality assurance. The book treats different aspects of environmental analysis such as sample handling and analytical techniques, the applications to trace analysis of pollutants (mainly organic compounds), and quality assurance aspects, including the use of certified reference materials for the quality control of the whole analytical process. New analytical techniques are presented that have been developed significantly over the last 6 years, like solid phase microextraction, microwave-assisted extraction, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometric methods, immunoassays, and biosensors. The book is divided into four sections. The first describes field sampling techniques and sample preparation in environmental matrices: water, soil, sediment and biota. The second section covers the application areas which are either based on techniques, like the use of gas chromatography-atomi... emission detection, immunoassays, or coupled-column liquid chromatography, or on specific application areas, like chlorinated compounds, pesticides, phenols, mycotoxins, phytotoxins, radionuclides, industrial effluents and wastes, including mine waste. Validation and quality assurance are described in the third section, together with the interpretation of environmental data using advanced chemometric techniques. The final section reports the use of somewhat advanced analytical methods, usually more expensive, less routinely used or less developed, for the determination of pollutants.

  • Advances in Supramolecular Chemistry

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 6
    • G.W. Gokel
    • Inglés
    In this volume, inorganic, organic, and bioorganic chemistry are represented in contributions from around the world. Pioneering work in self-assembled structures organized by the use of transition metals is described in chapter 1, followed by details of extensive studies of self-assembled structures formed from various biomolecules in chapter 2. The next two chapters describe the formation of spherical molecular containers and their understanding of such structures based on Platonic and Archimedean solids, and the fascinating family of synthetic peptide receptors and the interactions that can be explored using these host molecules. In chapter 5 a mixture of computational chemistry, drug design, and synthetic organic and inorganic chemistry in the development of superoxide dismutase mimics is described. The final two chapters discuss the bioorganic and supramolecular principles required for the design of synthetic artificial enzymes, and the supramolecular self-assembly and its possible role in the origin of life.It is hoped that this broad, international view of supramolecular chemistry and the many directions it leads will be of interest to those already in the field. It is also hoped that those outside the field may see extensions of their own work that will bring them into it.

  • Advances in Sulfur Chemistry

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 2
    • C.M. Rayner
    • Inglés
    This volume is a testament to the continuing importance of sulfur chemistry, and the tremendous progress that has been made in recent years.

  • Nucleation

    • 1 Edición
    • Dimo Kashchiev
    • Inglés
    This book represents a detailed and systematic account of the basic principles, developments and applications of the theory of nucleation.The formation of new phases begins with the process of nucleation and is, therefore, a widely spread phenomenon in both nature and technology. Condensation and evaporation, crystal growth, electrodeposition, melt crystallization, growth of thin films for microelectronics, volcano eruption and formation of particulate matter in space are only a few of the processes in which nucleation plays a prominent role.The book has four parts, which are devoted to the thermodynamics of nucleation, the kinetics of nucleation, the effect of various factors on nucleation and the application of the theory to other processes, which involve nucleation. The first two parts describe in detail the two basic approaches in nucleation theory - the thermodynamic and the kinetic ones. They contain derivations of the basic and most important formulae of the theory and discuss their limitations and possibilities for improvement. The third part deals with some of the factors that can affect nucleation and is a natural continuation of the first two chapters. The last part is devoted to the application of the theory to processes of practical importance such as melt crystallization and polymorphic transformation, crystal growth and growth of thin solid films, size distribution of droplets and crystallites in condensation and crystallization. The book is not just an account of the status quo in nucleation theory - throughout the book there are a number of new results as well as extensions and generalisations of existing ones.

  • Practical Capillary Electrophoresis

    • 2 Edición
    • Robert Weinberger
    • Inglés
    In the 1980s, capillary electrophoresis (CE) joined high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) as the most powerful separation technique available to analytical chemists and biochemists. Published research using CE grew from 48 papers in the year of commercial introduction (1988) to 1200 in 1997. While only a dozen major pharmaceutical and biotech companies have reduced CE to routine practice, the applications market is showing real or potential growth in key areas, particularly in the DNA marketplace for genomic mapping and forensic identification. For drug development involving small molecules (including chiral separations), one CE instrument can replace 10 liquid chromatographs in terms of speed of analysis. CE also uses aqueous rather than organic solvents and is thus environmentally friendlier than HPLC. The second edition of Practical Capillary Electrophoresis has been extensively reorganized and rewritten to reflect modern usage in the field, with an emphasis on commercially available apparatus and reagents. This authoritative and very comprehensible treatment builds on the author's extensive experience as an instructor of short courses for the American Chemical Society and for industry.

  • Alkaloids: Chemical and Biological Perspectives

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 14
    • S.W. Pelletier
    • Inglés
    Volume 14 of this series presents three interesting reviews of research on alkaloids. Chapter 1, by Paul L. Schiff, Jr., is a monumental effort, presenting a selective, comprehensive tabular review of research on the bisbenzylisoquinolin... alkaloids, with an analysis of the respective alkaloid types. The chapter should serve as a very useful tool for the bench research scientist who is involved in the isolation and elucidation of structures of bisbenzylisoquinolin... alkaloids. Moreover, the data in these tables provides the botanical distribution and occurrence (family, genus, species) of the various classes of these alkaloids. The alkaloids are also categorized by their molecular weights and structural types. Chapter 2, by Toh-Seok Kam, is a review of alkaloids derived from Malaysian flora. Malaysia's position near the Equator confers on it a tropical climate characterized by high temperatures, humidity, and rainfall, conditions favorable for plant life that has resulted in a rich flora of about 15,000 species of higher plants. This review concentrates on work published during the past twenty years and where appropriate compares the occurrence of alkaloids with studies of similar plants from countries neighboring to Malaysia, especially Thailand and Indonesia. Chapter 3, by Jie Jack Li, presents a collection of very interesting total syntheses of naturally occurring indole alkaloids where palladium chemistry plays a central role in the syntheses. Five different types of palladium-mediated reactions are treated: (1) oxidative cyclization reactions promoted by palladium (II) species; (2) transmetallation reactions with organoboranes, organostannanes, and organozinc reagents; (3) inter- and intramolecular Heck reactions; (4) reactions with &pgr;-allylpalla... as the intermediate; and (5) reactions using C-N bond formation as the key step for the synthesis.

  • Fundamentals of Equilibrium and Steady-State Thermodynamics

    • 1 Edición
    • N.W. Tschoegl
    • Inglés
    This book summarizes the salient features of both equilibrium and steady-state thermodynamic theory under a uniform postulatory viewpoint. The emphasis is upon the formal aspects and logical structure of thermodynamic theory, allowing it to emerge as a coherent whole, unfettered by much of those details which - albeit indispensable in practical applications - tend to obscure this coherent structure. Largely because of this, statistical mechanics and reference to molecular structure are, barring an occasional allusion, avoided. The treatment is, therefore, 'classical', or - using a perhaps more appropriate word - 'phenomenological'. The volume almost exclusively deals with 'ideal' systems, given that the treatment of 'real' systems properly belongs in the realm of applied, rather than theoretical thermodynamics. For these reasons, only selected ideal systems are covered. Ideal gases are discussed extensively. The ideal solution is treated as an example of a liquid system. The amorphous ideal rubber serves as an example of a solid. The formalism developed in these sections is a model for the treatment of other, more complex systems. This short structural overview is written in the hope that a knowledge of steady-state theory will deepen readers' understanding of thermodynamics as a whole.

  • The Chemistry and Technology of Furfural and its Many By-Products

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 13
    • K.J. Zeitsch
    • Inglés
    This book is a "world first", since the furfural industry has been traditionally secretive to the point of appearing shrouded in clouds of mystery. Even renowned encyclopedic works have published but scant and often erroneous information on the subject. Striking a healthy balance between theory and practice, the book leads the reader from reaction mechanisms and kinetics to the technology of making furfural by various old and new processes, using conventional raw materials or sulfite waste liquor. Detailed discussions of means of increasing the yield are of great chemical and technological interest as well as of immense economic importance.From furfural proper, the treatise shifts to the fascinating field of wanted and unwanted by-products ranging from largely unutilized carboxylic acids to troublesome impurities such as 5-methyl furfural and 2-furyl methyl ketone, and then to extremely valuable serendipitous flavor compounds such as diacetyl and 2,3-pentanedione. A wide variety of derivatives are discussed; considerable space is devoted to polytetrahydrofuran, an important building block of stretchable synthetic fibers, while furan resins from both furfural and furfuryl alcohol are given the attention commensurate with their industrial importance. Notable supplementary chapters cover the in-line measurement of furfural, the treatment of furfural waste water, and various aspects of corrosion. A chapter on the applications of furfural elaborates not only traditional uses in extracting petroleum and vegetable oils but also the sensational discovery that furfural is a highly effective "indirect nematocide". Without becoming toxic, it changes the microflora of the soil by stimulating bacteria antagonistic to nematodes, thereby reducing the nematode population to zero, at an unprecedented low price. It is believed that this application will be the principal outlet for furfural in the future.A comprehensive list of physical properties, some never published before, make the book an indispensable companion for producers, users and researchers alike.

  • Advances in Free Radical Chemistry

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 2
    • S.Z. Zard
    • Inglés
    This series is designed to provide a vehicle in which investigators, who have demonstrated a high degree of competence in some aspect of free radical chemistry, can present a particular area of interest. The series encompasses a wide variety of topics which are of current interest.

  • Dynamic Surface Tensiometry in Medicine

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 8
    • V.N. Kazakov + 4 más
    • Inglés
    Human biological liquids contain numerous low- and high-molecular weight surfactants. The human organism contains interfaces with enormous surfaces. The physicochemical and biochemical processes taking place at these interfaces are extremely important for the vital functions of the organism as a whole, and the interfacial properties may reflect peculiarities of age and sex, health and disease. The present book is the first attempt to systematically present the results of dynamic and equilibrium surface tensions measurements of serum and urine samples that were obtained from healthy humans of various sex and age, and to compare these results with measurements of biological liquids obtained from patients suffering from various diseases or with measurements of amniotic fluid obtained from women at various stages of pregnancy.Pulmonary medicine, especially neonatology, has systematically used interfacial tensiometry for studying pulmonary surfactant. In this particular area, significant progress was achieved in the treatment of diseases related to alterations of the lung surfactant system. We believe that, similar to the progress in pulmonary medicine attributed to surface chemical studies of lung surfactant, progress in other medical branches could be expected through studies of interfacial characteristics of other human biological liquids.For several years the authors of this book have been engaged in studies aimed at the improvement of the maximum bubble pressure method, resulting in the development of computer controlled tensiometers which are capable of measuring dynamic surface tensions within a wide range of surface lifetime. In addition to the measurement techniques, a correct interpretation and analysis of the tensiometric data obtained is extremely important. The kinetic theory of adsorption from solutions, and the theory of equilibrium adsorption layers of surfactant/protein mixtures provide the basis for both the choice of the most characteristic parameters of tensiograms and the analysis of the results. Some theoretical models describing the adsorption of proteins are presented in Chapter 1. The main theoretical and experimental issues related to the maximum bubble pressure technique as applied to biological liquids are presented in Chapter 2. A more detailed discussion of the differences of the various methods in use for measuring dynamic surface tension of biological fluids is provided in Chapter 3. Chapter 4 gives data from patients with kidney disease, Chapter 5 from patients with rheumatic diseases, Chapter 6 with pulmonary diseases, Chapter 7 with diseases of the central nervous system, and Chapter 8 with neoplasms.Dynamic interface tensiometry of human biological liquids is a fascinating new method which deserves a broad use for prospective studies of various diseases.

  • Advances in Atomic Spectroscopy

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 5
    • J. Sneddon
    • Inglés
    This fifth volume of the successful series Advances in Atomic Spectroscopy continues to discuss and investigate the area of atomic spectroscopy.It begins with a description of the use of various atomic spectroscopic methods and applications of speciation studies in atomic spectroscopy. The emphasis is on combining atomic spectroscopy with gas and liquid chromatography. In chapter two the authors describe new developments in tunable lasers and the impact they will have on atomic spectroscopy. The traditional methods of detection, such as photography and the photomultiplier, and how they are being replaced by new detectors is discussed in chapter three. The very active area of glow discharge atomic spectrometry is presented in chapter four where, after a brief introduction and historical review, the use of glow discharge lamps for atomic spectroscopy and mass spectrometry are discussed. Included in this discussion is geometry and radiofrequency power. The future of this source in atomic spectroscopy is also discussed. This comprehensive book is then completed with a look at the use of a laser-induced or laser-ablated plasma as a spectrochemical source for atomic emission spectrometry.

  • Advances in Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biochemistry

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 55
    • Inglés
    Since its inception in 1945, this serial has provided critical and integrating articles written by research specialists that integrate industrial, analytical, and technological aspects of biochemistry, organic chemistry, and instrumentation methodology in the study of carbohydrates. The articles provide a definitive interpretation of the current status and future trends in carbohydrate chemistry and biochemistry.

  • Advances in Cycloaddition

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 6
    • Michael Harmata
    • Inglés
    This volume presents work from six different groups working on various aspects of cycloaddition chemistry. José Mascareñas gives us a very interesting account of the chemistry of &Bgr;-alkoxy-&am... and related species. Al Padwa and Chris Staub discuss further advances in rhodium carbenoid chemistry and the unusual cycloaddition processes possible with these intermediates. Higher order cycloadditions mediated by transition metals highlight Jim Rigby's update on his group's efforts in this area. Lily Lee and John Snyder present us with a detailed account of the indole ring as a dienophile, challenging us to consider the untapped potential in this area. Brian Keay and Ian Hunt discuss the intramolecular Diels-Alder reactions of furan; a report that is both top-notch science, and what could be a great learning tool for students who need to see how fundamental chemical principles can and should be applied to synthetic problems. Finally, Kay Brummond introduces us to a new version of the Pauson-Khand reactions, one that will no doubt be further exploited in productive ways by her group well into the future.

  • The Physical Basis of Chemistry

    • 2 Edición
    • Warren S. Warren
    • Inglés
    If the text you're using for general chemistry seems to lack sufficient mathematics and physics in its presentation of classical mechanics, molecular structure, and statistics, this complementary science series title may be just what you're looking for. Written for the advanced lower-division undergraduate chemistry course, The Physical Basis of Chemistry, Second Edition, offers students an opportunity to understand and enrich the understanding of physical chemistry with some quantum mechanics, the Boltzmann distribution, and spectroscopy. Posed and answered are questions concerning everyday phenomena. Unlike other texts on this subject, however, Dr. Warren deals directly with the substance of the questions, avoiding the use of predigested material more appropriate for memorization exercises than for actual concrete learning. The only prerequisite is first-semester calculus or familiarity with one-variable derivatives. In this new edition, the entire text has been rewritten and keyed with an accompanying website, which contains instructive QuickTime movies on topics presented in the text to enhance student learning and participation.

  • Bioactive Natural Products (Part E)

    V24
    • 1 Edición
    • Atta-ur Rahman
    • Inglés
    Natural products play an integral and ongoing role in promoting numerous aspects of scientific advancement, and many aspects of basic research programs are intimately related to natural products. The significance, therefore, of the Studies in Natural Product Chemistry series, edited by Professor Atta-ur-Rahman, cannot be overestimated. This volume, in accordance with previous volumes, presents us with cutting-edge contributions of great importance.

  • Science and Engineering of Droplets

    Fundamentals and Applications
    • 1 Edición
    • Huimin Liu
    • Inglés
    This is the first book to encompass the fundamental phenomenon, principles, and processes of discrete droplets of both normal liquids and melts. It provides the reader with the science and engineering of discrete droplets, and provides researchers, scientists and engineers with the latest developments in the field. The book begins with a systematic review of various processes and techniques, along with their applications and associations with materials systems. This is followed by a description of the phenomena and principles in droplet processes. Correlations, calculations, and numerical modeling of the droplet processes provide insight into the effects of process parameters on droplet properties for optimization of atomizer design. Droplets are found in the areas of metallurgy, materials, automotive, aerospace, medicine, food processing, agriculture, and power generation, and encountered in a huge range of engineering applications.

  • Advances in Strained and Interesting Organic Molecules

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 8
    • B. Halton
    • Inglés
    The eighth volume of this series comprises six chapters and describes a variety of interesting strained and not so strained molecules and their use - or abuse - in the widest sense. This volume contains a position summary of planar carbon networks, the field of strained allenesis addressed by considering the five- to- nine-membered ring derivatives and this is followed by an introduction to the nature of carbene geometry and the use of ESR spectroscopy in deducing carbene structure. The use of strained molecules in the synthesis of important new compounds of a natural and non-natural nature is a main theme in the volume. Other areas that are discussed are strained carbohydrates, stereocontrolled access to natural products and polymer systems as well as a much sought after contribution to the series on small-ring nitrogen heterocycles.

  • Advances in Medicinal Chemistry

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 5
    • A.B. Reitz + 1 más
    • Inglés
    Volume 5 of Advances in Medicinal Chemistry contains four intriguing and detailed accounts of the close interface between synthetic chemistry, structure-activity relationships, biochemistry, and pharmacology. In Chapter 1, there is a comprehensive survey of the immunophilin area specifically focussing on neuroregenerative applications in the central nervous system. In Chapter 2, there is an overview of the development of a potent analgesic compound that works via modulation of neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. In Chapter 3, there is a description of dopamine D-2 autoreceptor partial agonists as potential therapy for the treatment of schizophrenia. In Chapter 4, there is a summary of the successful program in which potent non-peptide inhibitors of HIV protease from the AIDS virus were developed.

  • High-Resolution NMR Techniques in Organic Chemistry

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 19
    • T. Claridge
    • Inglés
    From the initial observation of proton magnetic resonance in water and in paraffin, the discipline of nuclear magnetic resonance has seen unparalleled growth as an analytical method. Modern NMR spectroscopy is a highly developed, yet still evolving, subject which finds application in chemistry, biology, medicine, materials science and geology.In this book, emphasis is on the more recently developed methods of solution-state NMR applicable to chemical research, which are chosen for their wide applicability and robustness. These have, in many cases, already become established techniques in NMR laboratories, in both academic and industrial establishments. A considerable amount of information and guidance is given on the implementation and execution of the techniques described in this book.

  • Advances in Amino Acid Mimetics and Peptidomimetics

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 2
    • A. Abell
    • Inglés
    Peptidomimetics have found wide application as bioavailable, and often potent mimetics of natural peptides. They form the basis of important classes of enzyme inhibitors, they act as receptor agonists and antagonists, and they have even been used to mimic DNA structure. Recent advances in the use of solid-phase organic synthesis have paved the way for the preparation of libraries of these structures to allow the rapid optimization of theri biological properties and hence therapeutic potential. We are also beginning to gain a greater understanding of the structural features of this class of compounds that influence their ability to permeate membranes, and their rate of clearance and metabolism. This volume brings together many of these critical issues by highlighting recent advances in a number of core peptidomimetic-based research.

  • Interlaboratory Studies and Certified Reference Materials for Environmental Analysis

    The BCR Approach
    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 22
    • E.A. Maier + 1 más
    • Inglés
    The participation in interlaboratory studies and the use of Certified Reference Materials (CRMs) are widely recognised tools for the verification of the accuracy of analytical measurements and they form an integral part of quality control systems used by many laboratories, e.g. in accreditation schemes. As a response to the need to improve the quality of environmental analysis, the European Commission has been active in the past fifteen years, through BCR activity (now renamed Standards, Measurements and Testing Programme) in the organisation of series of interlaboratory studies involving expert laboratories in various analytical fields (inorganic, trace organic and speciation analysis applied to a wide variety of environmental matrices). The BCR and its successor have the task of helping European laboratories to improve the quality of measurements in analytical sectors which are vital for the European Union (biomedical, agriculture, food, environment and industry); these are most often carried out in support of EC regulations, industrial needs, trade, monitoring activities (including environment, agriculture, health and safety) and, more generally, when technical difficulties hamper a good comparability of data among EC laboratories. The collaborative projects carried out so far have placed the BCR in the position of second world CRM producer (after NIST in the USA).Interlaboratory Studies and Certification of Reference Materials for Environmental Analysis gives an account of the importance of reference materials for the quality control of environmental analysis and describes in detail the procedures followed by BCR to prepare environmental reference materials, including aspects related to sampling, stabilization, homogenisation, homogeneity and stability testing, establishment of reference (or certified) values, and use of reference materials. Examples of environmental CRMs produced by BCR within the last 15 years are given, which represent more than 70 CRMs covering different types of materials (plants, biological materials, waters, sediments, soils and sludges, coals, ash and dust materials) certified for a range of chemical parameters (major and trace elements, chemical species, PAHs, PCBs, pesticides and dioxins).The final section of the book describes how to organise improvement schemes for the evaluation method and/or laboratory performance. Examples of interlaboratory studies (learning scheme, proficiency testing and intercomparison in support to prenormative research) are also given.

  • Protein Liquid Chromatography

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 61
    • M. Kastner
    • Inglés
    Protein Liquid Chromatography is a handbook-style guide to liquid chromatography as a tool for isolating and purifying proteins, consisting of 25 individual chapters divided into three parts: Part A covers commonly-used, classic modes of chromatography such as ion-exchange, size-exclusion, and reversed-phase; Part B deals with various target protein classes such as membrane proteins, recombinant proteins, and glycoproteins; and Part C looks at various miscellaneous related topics, including coupling reaction, buffer solution additives, and software. The text as a whole can be viewed as a systematic survey of available methods and how best to use them, but also attempts to provide an exhaustive coverage of each facet. How to solve a specific problem using a chosen method is the overall essence of the volume. The principle philosophy of this compilation is that practical application is everything; therefore, both classical and modern methods are presented in detail, with examples involving conventional, medium- and high-pressure techniques. Over-exposure to history, concept, and theory has deliberately been avoided. The reader will find a wealth of tips and tricks from users for users, including advice on the advantages and disadvantages of each method. Easy-to-read sections on "Getting started now" and "Where to go from here" attempt to provide hands-on, fool-proof detailed practical procedures with complete and even standard model runs for any scientist or technician at work in this area.

  • Handbook of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry

    From Macromolecules to Man
    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 4
    • Richard B. Kemp
    • Inglés
    The applications and interest in thermal analysis and calorimetry have grown enormously during the last half of the 20th century. These techniques have become indispensable in the study of processes such as catalysis, hazards evaluation etc., and in measuring important physical properties quickly, conveniently and with markedly improved accuracy. Consequently, thermal analysis and calorimetry have grown in stature and more scientists and engineers have become at least part-time, practitioners. People new to the field therefore need a source of information describing the basic principles and current state of the art. The last volume of this 4 volume handbook, devoted to many aspects of biological thermal analysis and calorimetry, completes a comprehensive review of this important area. All chapters have been prepared by recognized experts in their respective fields. The approach taken is "how and what to do and when to do it". The complete work is a valuable addition to the already existing literature.

  • Advances in Inorganic Chemistry

    Cumulative Subject and Author Indexes, and Tables of Contents for Volumes1-47
    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 48
    • Inglés
    Advances in Inorganic Chemistry presents timely and informative summaries of the current progress in a variety of subject areas within inorganic chemistry, ranging from bioinorganic to solid state. This acclaimed serial features reviews written by experts in the area and is an indispensable reference to advanced researchers. Each volume of Advances in Inorganic Chemistry contains an index, and each chapter is fully referenced.

  • Advances in Inorganic Chemistry

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 49
    • Inglés
    Advances in Inorganic Chemistry presents timely and informative summaries of the current progress in a variety of subject areas within inorganic chemistry, ranging from bio-inorganic to solid state. This acclaimed serial features reviews written by experts in the area and is an indispensable reference for advanced researchers. Each volume of Advances in Inorganic Chemistry contains an index, and each chapter is fully referenced.

  • Perspectives in Organopalladium Chemistry for the 21st Century

    • 1 Edición
    • J. Tsuji
    • Inglés
    Perspectives in Organopalladium Chemistry for the 21st Century is a monograph on modern organopalladium chemistry, with an emphasis on the use of palladium in organic synthesis. The collection of articles is reprinted from a special issue of the Journal of Organometallic Chemistry.The field of organopalladium chemistry is evolving rapidly, building on a growing catalogue of reactions that employ palladium-containing catalysts. This book should hold particular interest for those who apply palladium reagents and catalysts to organic synthesis; in fact, palladium is considered by many to be the most useful transition element employed for organic syntheses. This selection of articles by leading scientists, published as "Perspectives in Organopalladium Chemistry for the 21st Century", provides an impressive overview of the field that every chemist who works with organometallic palladium catalysts should read.

  • Writing Reaction Mechanisms in Organic Chemistry

    • 2 Edición
    • Philippa H. Solomon
    • Inglés
    Writing Reaction Mechanisms in Organic Chemistry, Second Edition, is an invaluable guide to charting the movements of atoms and electrons in the reactions of organic molecules. Miller and Solomon illustrate that understanding organic reactions is based on applying general principles rather than the rote memorization of unrelated processes, and, in turn, emphasize that writing mechanisms is a practical method of applying knowledge of previously encountered reactions and reaction conditions to new reactions. Students and research chemists alike will find this book useful in providing a method of organizing and synthesizing an oftentimes overwhelming quantity of information into a set of general principles and guidelines for determining and describing organic reaction mechanisms.

  • Analytical Determination of Nicotine and Related Compounds and their Metabolites

    • 1 Edición
    • J.W. Gorrod + 1 más
    • Inglés
    This book provides for the first time a single comprehensive source of information on the analytical chemistry of nicotine and related alkaloids. The editors have brought together scientists from academia and the tobacco industry to describe the state-of-the-art of the chemistry and analytical methods for measurement of nicotine. Both the scope and detail of the book are impressive. Chapters describe the history, pharmacology and toxicology of nicotine, the biosynthesis of nicotine and other alkaloids in the tobacco plant, the general chemistry of nicotine and the analytical methodologies that have been used to measure nicotine and related alkaloids in biological specimens, in tobacco and pharmaceutical products and in tobacco smoke. There is also a comprehensive review of the chemistry and toxicology of nicotine-derived nitrosamines, an important class of tobacco carcinogens.

  • Chemical Technology in the Pre-Treatment Processes of Textiles

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 12
    • S.R. Karmakar
    • Inglés
    Textile chemical processing today, particularly the pre-treatment processes require a highly sophisticated technology and engineering to achieve the well known concepts of "Right first time, Right everytime and Right on time" processing and production. Chemical pre-treatment may be broadly defined as a procedure mainly concerned with the removal of natural as well as added impurities in fabric to a level necessary for good whiteness and absorbency by utilising minimum time, energy and chemicals as well as water. This book discusses the fundamental aspects of chemistry, chemical technology and machineries involved in the various pre-treatment process of textiles before subsequent dyeing, printing and finishing. With the introduction of newer fibres, specialty chemicals, improved technology and sophisticated machineries developed during the last decade, this book fills a gap in this area of technology. However, its real strength is its clear perception of ample background description, which will enable readers to understand most current journals, thus staying abreast of the latest advances in the field.

  • Experimental Inorganic/Physical Chemistry

    An Investigative, Integrated Approach to Practical Project Work
    • 1 Edición
    • M A Malati
    • Inglés
    This extensive overview combines both instrumental and radiochemical techniques with qualitative and quantitative (volumetric and gravimetric) analyses, and also with preparation of compounds, thereby strengthening analytical and preparative skills. All the main elements and groups of the periodic table are covered, with emphasis on the transition metals. It is intended as a laboratory manual for undergraduate, Higher National Diploma and Certificate students and their tutors.

  • Annual Reports on NMR Spectroscopy

    Cumulative Subject and Author Indexes Part II
    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 40
    • Graham A. Webb
    • Inglés
    These indexes are valuable volumes in the serial, bringing together what has been published over the past 38 volumes. They include a preface by the editor of the series, an author index, a subject index, a cumulative list of chapter titles, and listings of contents by volume.

  • Chemistry and Biology

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 53
    • Inglés
    Alkaloids are a major group of natural products derived from a wide variety of organisms, which are used as medicinal and biological agents. This series is world-renowned as the leading compilation of current reviews of this vast field.Internationall... acclaimed for more than forty years, The Alkaloids , founded by the late Professor R.H.F. Manske, continues to provide outstanding coverage of the rapidly expanding field of the chemotaxonomy, structure elucidation, synthesis, biosynthesis, and biology of all classes of alkaloids from higher and lower plants, marine organisms, or various terrestrial animals. Each volume provides, through its distinguished authors, up-to-date and detailed coverage of particular classes or sources of alkaloids. Over the years, this series has become the standard in natural product chemistry to which all other book series aspire. The Alkaloids: Chemistry and Biology endures as an essential reference for all natural product chemists and biologists who have an interest in alkaloids, their diversity, and their unique biological profile.

  • Analytical Profiles of Drug Substances and Excipients

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 26
    • Inglés
    Although the official compendia define a drug substance as to identity, purity, strength, and quality, they normally do not provide other physical or chemical data, nor do they list methods of synthesis or pathways of physical or biological degradation and metabolism. Such information is scattered throughout the scientific literature and the files of pharmaceutical laboratories. Edited by the Associate Director of Analytical Research and Development for the American Association of Pharmaceutical Scientists, Analytical Profiles of Drug Substances and Excipients brings this information together into one source. The scope of the series has recently been expanded to include profiles of excipient materials.

  • Advances in Organometallic Chemistry

    Cumulative Subject and Contributor Indexes Including Tables of Contents, and a Comprehesive Keyword Index
    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 45
    • Inglés
    A widely-acclaimed serial, Advances in Organometallic Chemistry contains authoritative reviews that address all aspects of organometallic chemistry, a field which has expanded enormously since the publication of Volume 1 in 1964. Almost all branches of chemistry and material science now interface with organometallic chemistry--the study of compounds containing carbon-metal bonds. Organometallic compounds range from species which are so reactive that they only have a transient existence at ambient temperatures to species which are thermally very stable. Organometallics are used extensively in the synthesis of compounds on both large and small scales. Industrial processes involving plastics, polymers, electronic materials, and pharmaceuticals all depend on advancements in organometallic chemistry.

  • High Resolution NMR

    Theory and Chemical Applications
    • 3 Edición
    • Edwin D. Becker
    • Inglés
    High Resolution NMR provides a broad treatment of the principles and theory of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) as it is used in the chemical sciences. It is written at an "intermediate" level, with mathematics used to augment, rather than replace, clear verbal descriptions of the phenomena. The book is intended to allow a graduate student, advanced undergraduate, or researcher to understand NMR at a fundamental level, and to see illustrations of the applications of NMR to the determination of the structure of small organic molecules and macromolecules, including proteins. Emphasis is on the study of NMR in liquids, but the treatment also includes high resolution NMR in the solid state and the principles of NMR imaging and localized spectroscopy. Careful attention is given to developing and interrelating four approaches - steady state energy levels, the rotating vector picture, the density matrix, and the product operator formalism. The presentation is based on the assumption that the reader has an acquaintance with the general principles of quantum mechanics, but no extensive background in quantum theory or proficiency in mathematics is required. Likewise, no previous background in NMR is assumed, since the book begins with a description of the basic physics, together with a brief account of the historical development of the field. This third edition of High Resolution NMR preserves the "conversational" approach of the previous editions that has been well accepted as a teaching tool. However, more than half the material is new, and the remainder has been revised extensively. Problems are included to reinforce concepts in the book.

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