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Elsevier

Libros en Ciencias Ambientales

  • Atmospheric Deposition

    In Relation to Acidification and Eutrophication
    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 63
    • J.W. Erisman + 1 más
    • Inglés
    In this book the research on atmospheric deposition of the Dutch Priority Programme on Acidification Research is summarised. Although most research described is of Dutch origin, it has been put into a broader perspective by outlining the state of knowledge on the process affecting atmospheric deposition in Europe. This has resulted in detailed deposition maps for the Netherlands and Europe. The volume is intended for those who measure or model atmospheric deposition and ecologists interested in exposure from atmospheric deposition, as well as policy-makers and students.

  • Kuwaiti Oil Fires: Regional Environmental Perspectives

    • 1 Edición
    • T. Husain
    • Inglés
    Just before the end of the 1990-1991 Gulf War, more than 700 wells in Kuwaiti oil fields were set on fire. Several international companies and scientific organisations were involved in extinguishing the fires and in assessing the impact of this major environmental incursion. Kuwaiti Oil Fires: Regional Environmental Perspectives summarises these effects. The topics covered include the application of remote sensing techniques to determine the location of wells on fire and plume movement; air quality and particulate monitoring by ground stations and aircraft measurements; organic and inorganic constituents in the air; use of modeling techniques to study dispersion characteristics of pollutants and deposition of soot; and the efforts by the fire fighters in extinguishing fires and capping the wells. A brief overview of the causes of the crisis and the role of regional and international groups in resolving the dispute is presented as well as some basic and useful statistics of the region covering general information on economic aspects and exploitation of oil resources in both Iraq and Kuwait. Problems faced by the fire fighting teams, the preparations made to overcome the problems, and technology used in extinguishing the well fires are also discussed. Numerous colour photographs are used to illustrate the problems encountered and the techniques involved in their solution.

  • Storm Water Management and Technology

    • 1 Edición
    • US Environmental Protection Agency
    • Inglés
    This book provides industrial facilities with comprehensive guidance on the development of storm water pollution prevention plans and identification of Best Management Practices (BMPs). It provides technical assistance and support to all facilities suibject to pollution prevention requirements established under National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permits for storm water point discharge discharges. In addition to providing guidance for facilities that are subject to storm water permit requirements, this book contains information that is generally useful for controlling storm water problems. Guidelines and accompanying worksheets will walk the reader through the process.

  • Landfill Waste Pollution and Control

    • 1 Edición
    • K Westlake
    • Inglés
    This book addresses a pollution hazard prevalent in most cities and large towns world-wide by providing an understanding of the scientific and technical control of the landfill method of domestic and non-domestic waste disposal, considered within the framework of integrated waste management. Landfill disposal is practised world-wide, and is cheap and convenient but, if poorly managed, poses a serious threat to the environment. This pollution threat is a source of concern to regulating authorities and environmental pressure groups. This comprehensive text reflects the authority of the author’s considerable experience in assessment and remediation of landfill sites, which he has taught in post-graduate courses on hazardous waste management, and in running international programmes on waste and contaminated land-related subjects for industry. Dr. Westlake’s expertise also reflects his work in association with the Environmental Safety Centre at the Harwell Laboratory.Featuring the microbial degradation of waste within landfills, with an understanding of hazards associated with the production, migration and control of landfill gas and leachate, the book also points to the benefits to be obtained from gas production. There is important discussion on the monitoring of potentially dangerous dormant sites, and much helpful advice on trouble shooting.The text is set in the context of regulatory controls and assesses their impact, while at the same time looking at the way forward for waste disposal by landfill. There is coverage of legislative requirements and constraints including those from the European Union reflecting official attitudes. There is growing international consensus that EU regulations can be interpreted and applied as a benchmark in relation to legal practices and attitudes in all countries throughout the world

  • Risk Assessment

    Principles and Applications for Hazardous Waste and Related Sites
    • 1 Edición
    • Peter LaGoy
    • Inglés
    Site-specific risk assessment is the process of evaluating whether or not a site poses a risk to human health or the environment. The purpose of all hazardous waste site remediation is ultimately to render a site safe for human or ecological populations. Consequently, risk assessment, as the process used to measure the effectiveness of the remediation process, is critical to all hazardous waste-site work.Risk assessment at hazardous waste sites involves the use of standard approaches and assumptions in a reasoned, common sense manner. The purpose of this book is to provide practical guidance to people wishing to learn about, conduct, or use risk assessment procedures in evaluating hazardous waste sites. Critical issues, standard formulas and assumptions, and guidance on characterizing risk results in a useable manner are presented. The use of risk assessment as a key tool in selecting appropriate remedial options at hazardous waste sites is also described. Most attention is given to human health risks associated with exposure to toxic chemicals, but descriptions of the strategies used to estimate radiation health risks and to evaluate risks to the environment are also provided. Although most commonly applied to hazardous waste site remediation, the procedures outlined in this book are generally applicable to any situation involving a potential for health risks to an exposed population.This book provides guidance on the mechanics of risk assessment preparation and illustrates these approaches with examples. However, the focus of the book is on the subjective nature of risk assessment, the art rather than the science.The actual risk (i.e., the right answer) can never be known. Consequently, while it is valuable to attempt to obtain the best numeric solution, reasonableness and the application of common sense are equally important. The book therefore devotes a substantial amount of space to issues of uncertainty that are inherent in risk assessment, and the need to address this uncertainty.

  • Unit Operations in Environmental Engineering

    • 1 Edición
    • Robert Noyes
    • Robert Noyes
    • Inglés
    This book discusses the practical aspects of environmental technology organized into eight chapters relating to unit operations as follows: 1. Biological Technology2. Chemical Technology3. Containment and Barrier Technology4. Immobilization Technology5. Membrane Technology6. Physical Technology7. Radiation and Electrical Technology8. Thermal Destruction TechnologyTraditiona... technologies have been included, as well as those that can be considered innovative and emerging. The traditional approaches have been the most successful, as contractors are careful about bidding on some of the newer technologies. However, as regulatory requirements increase, markets will open for the innovative and emerging processes. There will be increasing pressure to break down complex waste streams, with each subsequent stream demanding separate treatment. In addition, a number of technologies have been developed by combining processes directly, or in a treatment train, and these developments are expected to assume increasing importance. However, such concerns as uncertainties due to liability, regulatory approval, price competition, and client approval have limited the application of some of these newer technologies.

  • Approaches to Implementing Solid Waste Recycling Facilities

    • 1 Edición
    • Marc J. Rogoff + 1 más
    • Inglés
    This book illustrates practical approaches to recycling solutions, and will provide needed guidance to public officials and other interested parties. This book addresses both art and science aspects of recycling. Many communities are faced with difficult choices when it comes to expanding or maintaining current recycling efforts.

  • Advanced Cleaning Product Formulations, Vol. 2

    • 1 Edición
    • Ernest W. Flick
    • Inglés
    This book (Volume 2) presents several hundred advanced cleaning product formulations for household, industrial and automotive applications. All formulations are completely different from those in other volumes, so there is no repetition between volumes.

  • Product Life Cycle Assessment to Reduce Health Risks and Environmental Impacts

    • 1 Edición
    • Gregory A. Keoleian
    • Inglés
    Life cycle design is a proactive approach for integrating pollution prevention and resource conservation strategies into the development of more ecologically and economically sustainable product systems. Cross media pollutant transfer and the shifting of other impacts can be avoided by addressing the entire life cycle, which includes raw materials acquisition, materials processing, manufacturing and assembly, use and service, retirement, disposal and the ultimate fate of residuals.The goal of life cycle design is to minimize aggregate risks and impacts over this life cycle. This goal can only be attained through the balancing of environmental, performance, cost, cultural, legal, and technical requirements of the product system. Concepts such as concurrent design, total quality management, cross- disciplinary teams, and multi-attribute decision making are essential elements of life cycle design that help meet these goals. The framework for life cycle design was developed to be applicable for all product domains. It was written to assist not only design professionals but all other constituents who have an important role in life cycle design including corporate executives, product managers, production workers, distributors, environmental health and safety staff, purchasers, accountants, marketers, salespersons, legal staff, consumers, and government regulators. A coordinated effort is required to institute changes needed for successful implementation of life cycle design.Part I seeks to promote the reduction of environmental imparts and health risks through a systems approach to design. The approach is based on the product life cycle, which includes raw materials acquisition and processing, manufacturing, use/service, resource recovery, and disposal. A life cycle design framework was developed to provide guidance for more effectively conserving resources and energy, preventing pollution, and reducing the aggregate environmental impacts and health risks associated with a product system. This framework addresses the product, process, distribution, and management/informati... components of each product system.Part II describes the three components of a life cycle assessment (inventory analysis, impact analysis, and improvement analysis) as well as scoping activities, presents a brief overview of the development of the life cycle assessment process, and develops guidelines and principles for implementation of a product life cycle assessment. The major states in a life cycle are raw materials acquisition, manufacturing, consumer use/reuse/maintenanc... and recycle/waste management. The basic steps of performing a life cycle inventory (defining the goals and system boundaries, including scoping; gathering and developing data; presenting and reviewing data; and interpreting and communicating results) are presented along with the general issues to be addressed. The system boundaries, assumptions, and conventions to be addressed in each stage of the inventory are presented.

  • Advances in Chemical Engineering

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 19
    • James Wei
    • Inglés
    Advances in Chemical Engineering, Volume 19 reflects the major impact of chemical engineering on medical practice, with chapters covering polymer systems for controlled release, receptor binding and signaling,and transport phenomena in tumors. Other key topics include oil refining, pollution prevention in engineering design, and atmospheric dynamics.

  • Encyclopedia of Environmental Control Technology: Volume 7

    High-Hazard Pollutants
    • 1 Edición
    • Paul Cheremisinoff
    • Inglés
    This volume focuses on the effects of various toxic agents on human health. It covers advances in research, testing, remediation, and removal methods.

  • Environmental Ecology

    The Ecological Effects of Pollution, Disturbance, and Other Stresses
    • 2 Edición
    • Bill Freedman
    • Inglés
    Thoroughly revised and significantly expanded, the Second Edition of Environmental Ecology provides new case studies and in-depth treatment of the effects of pollution and other disturbances on our oceans, lakes, forests, and air. New chapters on biological resources and ecological applications have been added, including material on environmental economics, import assessments, ecological monitoring, and environmental ethics. Extensive indexes, a glossary, and a bibliography are included.

  • Advances in Marine Biology

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 30
    • Inglés
    Advances in Marine Biology contains up-to-date reviews of all areas of marine science, including fisheries science and macro/micro fauna. Each volume contains peer-reviewed papers detailing the ecology of marine regions.

  • Nordic Radioecology

    The Transfer of Radionuclides through Nordic Ecosystems to Man
    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 62
    • H. Dahlgaard
    • Inglés
    The present treatise is the final milestone in the radioecology programme, RAD, carried out from 1990 to 1993 under the Nordic Committee for Nuclear Safety Research, NKS. The book, one of the few in its field to have achieved international publication, is centred on the contamination of Nordic environments with radionuclides from the Chernobyl accident. It contains 30 contributions mainly describing the flow of radiocaesium through aquatic, agricultural, forest, and alpine ecosystems, as well as quality assurance and doses to man. A series of original papers on various aspects of Nordic post-Chernobyl radioecology by leading Nordic scientists is also included, along with terms & units definitions, indexes, and an executive summary.The volume will be invaluable to all scientists and professionals in radioecology, radiation protection, trace element cycling and environmental contamination. It will also be relevant to general evironmental management/human contamination/civil defence officials.

  • Characterization and Control of Odours and VOC in the Process Industries

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 61
    • S. Vigneron + 2 más
    • Inglés
    The purpose of the symposium was to present recent advances in characterization and control of odour and volatile organic compound emissions in the atmosphere, and to contribute to the state-of-the-art of measurement and sampling tools, impact prediction methods and abatement techniques. Topics covered were:Legislative aspectsEmission characterizationAbat... technologies, both recuperative and destructive andReduction methods.Apart from the global problems of climate, all aspects relating to the workplace environment and official regulations were discussed.

  • Phylogenetics and Ecology

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 17
    • Inglés
    The relationship between systematics and ecology has recently been invigorated, and developed a long way from the "old" field of comparative biology. This change has been two-fold. Advances in phylogenetic research have allowed explicit phylogenetic hypotheses to be constructed for a range of different groups of organisms, and ecologists are now more aware that organism traits are influenced by the interaction of past and present. This volume discusses the impact of these modern phylogenetic methods on ecology, especially those using comparative methods.Although unification of these areas has proved difficult, a number of conclusions can be drawn from the text. These include the need for a "working" bridge between evolutionary biologists using logic-based cladistic methods and those using probability-based statistical methods, for care in the selection of tree types for comparative studies and for systematists to attempt to analyse ecologically important groups.Comparative ecologists and systematists need to come together to develop these ideas further, but this volume presents a very useful starting point for all those interested in systematics and ecology.

  • Ecological Understanding

    The Nature of Theory and the Theory of Nature
    • 1 Edición
    • Steward T.A. Pickett + 2 más
    • Inglés
    Ecology is an historical science in which theories can be as difficult to test as they are to devise. This volume, intended for ecologists and evolutionary biologists, reviews ecological theories, and how they are generated, evaluated, and categorized. Synthesizing a vast and sometimes labyrinthine literature, this book is a useful entry into the scientific philosophy of ecology and natural history. The need for integration of the contributions to theory made by different disciplines is a central theme of this book. The authors demonstrate that only through such integration will advances in ecological theory be possible. Ecologists, evolutionary biologists, and other serious students of natural history will want this book.

  • Environmental Oriented Electrochemistry

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 59
    • C.A.C. Sequeira
    • Inglés
    This book concentrates on the electrochemistry/env... relationship including, among others, chapters on design and operation of electrochemical reactors and separators, process simulation, development and scale-up, optimization and control of electrochemical processes applied to environmental problems, also including economic analysis, description of unique current and future applications, in addition to basic research into developing new technologies. It is hoped that this volume will be considered interesting and extremely timely to specialists in electrochemistry and environmental sciences.

  • Environmental Aspects of Construction with Waste Materials

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 60
    • Th.G. Aalbers + 2 más
    • Inglés
    The concept of Sustainable Development, implicating the protection of soil and groundwater, the limitation of waste production and the re-use of soild waste materials is still the leading theme of WASCON '94. Although it is clearly recognized in most countries that products derived from solid waste materials can be applied as construction materials, research is still needed to assess various environmental problems.

  • Trace Element Analysis in Biological Specimens

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 15
    • R.F.M. Herber + 1 más
    • Inglés
    The major theme of this book is analytical approaches to trace metal and speciation analysis in biological specimens. The emphasis is on the reliable determination of a number of toxicologically and environmentally important metals. It is essentially a handbook based on the practical experience of each individual author. The scope ranges from sampling and sample preparation to the application of various modern and well-documented methods, including quality assessment and control and statistical treatment of data. Practical advice on avoiding sample contamination is included.In the first part, the reader is offered an introduction into the basic principles and methods, starting with sampling, sample storage and sample treatment, with the emphasis on sample decomposition. This is followed by a description of the potential of atomic absorption spectrometry, atomic emission spectrometry, voltammetry, neutron activation analysis, isotope dilution analysis, and the possibilities for metal speciation in biological specimens. Quality control and all approaches to achieve reliable data are treated in chapters about interlaboratory and intralaboratory surveys and reference methods, reference materials and statistics and data evaluation.The chapters of the second part provide detailed information on the analysis of thirteen trace metals in the most important biological specimens. The following metals are treated in great detail: Aluminium, arsenic, cadmium, chromium, copper, lead, selenium, manganese, nickel, mercury, thallium, vanadium and zinc.The book will serve as a valuable aid for practical analysis in biomedical laboratories and for researchers involved with trace metal and species analysis in clinical, biochemical and environmental research.

  • Fullerenes

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 48
    • Inglés
    Fullerenes or "buckyballs,"a new carbon-based family of materials, have fascinated the scientific community for the past few years. These materials are likely to find applications ranging from lubricants to batteries to biological magic bullets, which will be of great importance in the science and technology of the next century. This carefully edited volume, the first to include Frans Spaepen as co-editor, summarizes our present understanding in a series of didacticarticles, which take the reader from the fundamentals to the present cutting-edge research. A general overview is followed by chapters devoted to synthesis and characterization of fullerenes and their derivatives, the novel structural properties of buckyballs, tubes, and buckyonions, a theoretical and experimental view of electrons and phonons, and finally to the fascinating superconducting properties of these materials.

  • Quantitative Ecology

    Spatial and Temporal Scaling
    • 1 Edición
    • David C. Schneider
    • Inglés
    Quantitative Ecology reviews the manifold ways that scale influences the interpretation of ecological variation. Ecologists recognize the significance of scale and magnitude in providing a context for resolution of ecological problems. Written for advanced undergraduates, graduate students, and faculty researchers, this book synthesizes a burgeoning literature on the influences of scale.As scale, magnitude, quantity, and measurement occupy an expanding role in ecology, Quantitative Ecology will be an indispensable addition to individual and institutional libraries.

  • Time Series Modelling of Water Resources and Environmental Systems

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 45
    • K.W. Hipel + 1 más
    • Inglés
    This is a comprehensive presentation of the theory and practice of time series modelling of environmental systems. A variety of time series models are explained and illustrated, including ARMA (autoregressive-movi... average), nonstationary, long memory, three families of seasonal, multiple input-single output, intervention and multivariate ARMA models. Other topics in environmetrics covered in this book include time series analysis in decision making, estimating missing observations, simulation, the Hurst phenomenon, forecasting experiments and causality. Professionals working in fields overlapping with environmetrics - such as water resources engineers, environmental scientists, hydrologists, geophysicists, geographers, earth scientists and planners - will find this book a valuable resource. Equally, environmetrics, systems scientists, economists, mechanical engineers, chemical engineers, and management scientists will find the time series methods presented in this book useful.

  • Water and Peace in the Middle East

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 58
    • J. Isaac + 1 más
    • Inglés
    The volume serves as an important mile-stone in the process called "second track" dialogue and cooperation between Israeli and Palestinian academics on crucial shared problems, the resolution of which is vital to the peace process. The book contains forty-one original papers dealing with almost all aspects of the Middle-Eastern water problems, and should serve as a useful reference to students, scholars and policy makers all over the world interested in understanding the complexities of the Middle-Eastern water conflicts.

  • Advances in Ecological Research

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 25
    • Inglés
    Concerns about the increasing greenhouse gases in our atmosphere and the resulting global effects have received high visibility in the general media as well as scientific journals. These concerns have been translatedinto several projects from the international scientific community-projects aimed to better understand the processes of climate and how these changes impact the ecosystem.The lively selection of articles in this issue of Advances in Ecological Research cover a wide spectrum of ecology and provide something of interest to all ecologists. Topics include temperature and organism size, carbon allocation in trees, and the role of morphological plasticity in resource acquisition.

  • Waste Minimisation

    A Chemist’s Approach
    • 1 Edición
    • K Martin + 1 más
    • Inglés
    This book looks at the technical advances in the limitation of waste such as that produced by computing processes and the various industrial practices employed by major companies for waste disposal and minimisation.

  • The Removal of Nitrogen Compounds from Wastewater

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 54
    • B. Halling-Sørensen + 1 más
    • Inglés
    This volume gives an overview of the wide spectrum of nitrogen removal processes available today. Part A gives a brief outline of nitrogen pollution sources, the global nitrogen cycle and the treatment methods; part B presents details of all biological methods for nitrogen removal; and part C describes the physico-chemical nitrogen removal methods. Design examples relating to parts B and C are given in appendices.Design equations are given in the text, but more emphasis has been placed on the profound understanding of the biological and chemical processes and the basic factors that influence these. Parameters and regression equations for a quantitive description of these factors and their influence on the key processes are presented in several tables. This feature makes the volume a very useful handbook; it will be of great value to those environmentalists who require a record of the available nitrogen removal methods from both biological and chemical viewpoints.

  • Environmental Contamination

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 55
    • J.-P. Vernet
    • Inglés
    This book deals with various aspects of environmental contamination.One of the fields considered in this work is atmospheric pollution. This has become a major problem of our time, and could soon develop into a scandal through the overestimation of the impact of greenhouse gases such as ozone, NOx or SO2, which allows their use as political instruments. Another growing field of importance covers the fundamental questions posed by the problem of soils and their interaction with waste from human activities, eg. sterile mining waste, sewage sludge, and contaminated dredged material. How do these different elements react and how tolerant can our system be towards them?This publication, containing a selection of the most important work presented at the 5th International Conference on Environmental Contamination, reflects some aspects of the present state of research and our society's dominant preoccupations.

  • Air Filtration

    An Integrated Approach to the Theory and Applications of Fibrous Filters
    • 1 Edición
    • R.C. Brown
    • Inglés
    The need for clean air has probably never been greater. Many industrial employees need to avoid exposure to airborne particulates, while certain industrial processes demand clean air of exceptional quality. Medical and biological fields rely on sterile air, while filtration can improve air quality in offices, homes and all types of transport.Filters act in a variety of complex and subtle ways. Each chapter introduces its subject matter simply, before tackling the problem in greater depth. The book therefore provides an excellent basis for detailed study, but is also invaluable to anyone needing an overview of the subject.

  • Introduction to Ecological Biochemistry

    • 4 Edición
    • J. B. Harborne
    • Inglés
    Ecological biochemistry concerns the biochemistry of interactions between animals, plants and the environment, and includes such diverse subjects as plant adaptations to soil pollutants and the effects of plant toxins on herbivores. The intriguing dependence of the Monarch butterfly on its host plants is chosen as an example of plant-animal coevolution in action. The ability to isolate trace amounts of a substance from plant tissues has led to a wealth of new research, and the fourth edition of this well-known text has consequently been extensively revised. New sections have been provided on the cost of chemical defence and on the release of predator-attracting volatiles from plants. New information has been included on cyanogenesis, the protective role of tannins in plants and the phenomenon of induced defence in plant leaves following herbivory. Advanced level students and research workers aloke will find much of value in this comprehensive text, written by an acknowledged expert on this fascinating subject.

  • The Reclamation of Former Coal Mines and Steelworks

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 56
    • I.G. Richards + 2 más
    • Inglés
    This book, the result of studies undertaken on behalf of the European Commission, examines the current 'state of the art' techniques for the restoration of despoiled lands arising from the coal and steel industries. It provides technical guidance to aid the process of the regeneration of the coal and steel communities of Europe. The chapters are fully cross referenced in the text, and where more technical or specific detail is provided, this has been placed into boxes rather than in the main text.The book will be of great interest to environmental scientists and engineers, and to all those who are involved in mining, mineral waste, soil pollution and waste management and disposal.

  • The Ecology of Fishes on Coral Reefs

    • 1 Edición
    • Peter F. Sale
    • Inglés
    This book provides a comprehensive and up-to-date review of the ecology of coral reef fishes presented by top researchers from North America and Australia. Immense strides have been made over the past twenty years in our understanding of ecological systems in general and of reef fish ecology in particular. Many of the methodologies that reef fish ecologists use in their studies will be useful to a wider audience of ecologists for the design of their ecological studies. Significant among the impacts of the research on reef fish ecology are the development of nonequilibrium models of community organization, more emphasis on the role of recruitment variability in structuring local assemblages, the development and testing of evolutionary models of social organization and reproductive biology, and new insights into predator-prey and plant-herbivore interactions.

  • Earth System Responses to Global Change

    Contrasts Between North and South America
    • 1 Edición
    • Harold A. Mooney + 2 más
    • Inglés
    This book examines the differences and similarities in the earth system components - the ocean, atmosphere, and the land - between western portions of the northern and southern Western Hemispheres, past, present, and projected. The book carefully examines the physical and biological patterns and responses of given biomes, or ecological communities in the two regions. Special emphasis is placed on the relationship of physicial and biotic systems to biogeochemistry and the evolving biota patterns of land margins and surfaces. The text concludes with an assessment of the direct impact on humans on these biomes, giving full consideration to the land-use drivers of global change.

  • Advances in Ecological Research

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 24
    • Inglés
    The six articles in this issue of Advances in Ecological Research cover a wide spectrum of ecology to ecology to munities, the discussion of vegetation change on a longer time scale, and the significance of conservation, especially in the industrialized world.S.J. Hall and D.G. Raff provide something of interest to all ecologists. Several common themes are presented in this volume including the dynamics of communities with such examples as Glacier Bat and Mount St.Helens.

  • Advances in Marine Biology

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 29
    • Inglés
    This volume features two papers on plankton, a vital component of the marine ecosystem and one that has featured often in this series in the past. Kiorboe takes a fresh look at water turbulence and its effect on food web structure and the size of individual plankton cells. Kuparinen and Kuosa describe the plankton populations of the Baltic Sea. Subramoniam looks at the morphology and use of spermatophores in crustacean reproduction. Finally, Horwood documents the status of and future prospects for the Bristol Channel Sole fishery. State-of-the-art reviews in marine biology. Particular focus on plankton, fisheries and crustacea.

  • Handbook of Natural Resource and Energy

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 3
    • Inglés
    The Handbook of Natural Resource and Energy Economics examines the current theory and sample current application methods for natural resource and energy economics. This third volume deals primarily with non-renewable resources. It analyzes the economics of energy and minerals, and includes chapters on the economics of environmental policy. The Handbook provides a source, reference and teaching supplement for use by professional researchers and advanced graduate students. The surveys summarize not only received results but also newer developments from recent journal articles and discussion papers.

  • Chemistry and Biology of Water, Air and Soil

    Environmental Aspects
    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 53
    • J. Tölgyessy
    • Inglés
    Environmental pollution is a universal problem which threatens the continued existence of mankind, rendering it one of the primary concerns of society. This book provides a comprehensive view of the chemistry and biology of water, air and soil, particularly those aspects connected with the protection of the environment.The first part of the book presents fundamental information on the chemistry and biology of water in its natural state, and the effects of water pollution from industry, traffic, agriculture and urbanization. It covers the composition of natural, service and wastewaters as well as methods of chemical and biological water analysis and water treatment. The second part deals with atmospheric problems, particularly the basic composition of atmosphere and the different sources of its pollution, methods of restriction, and air analysis. The final part of the volume focuses on the characteristics of soil and soil components, natural and anthropogenous soil processes, the chemistry, biology and microbiology of soil, and soil analysis.This book will be of great value to chemists, biologists, physicians, pharmacists, farmers, veterinarians and university students, as well as to those engaged in the sphere of environmental protection.

  • Natural Grasslands

    Eastern Hemisphere and Resume
    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 8B
    • R.T. Coupland
    • Inglés
    This volume is concerned with those parts of the earth's surface where semiarid to subhumid climate determines that the potential vegetation is characterized by a more or less continuous layer of grasses and other associated herbs. These grasslands have been modified to a very considerable degree by the activities of man and his domesticated animals. The authors of the various chapters have evaluated the effect of these stresses in modifying ecosystem structure and activities of organisms.The book provides an intensively referenced and indexed synthesis and review of knowledge concerning the natural grasslands of the world in as uniform a style as possible. Because of its length, it is published in two parts. The first part deals with the grasslands of the Western Hemisphere, and the Eastern Hemisphere and the resumé compose this second volume.

  • Environmental Science Theory

    Concepts and Methods in a One-World, Problem-Oriented Paradigm
    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 52
    • W.T. de Groot
    • Inglés
    Having no competitive works, this unique publication presents a single structure for the analysis, explanation and solution of environmental problems, regardless of their location, nature or scale.In this problem-oriented approach, a coherent framework interconnects the study of facts and values, environmental systems, social causes and ethical premises. Counterbalancing current biases, the author emphasizes the fundamental, normative, economic and social-scientific aspects of truly interdisciplinary environmental science. For instance, the normative side of environmental problems are often neglected, resulting in policy designs and evaluations containing inefficient mixtures of sophisticated models and poorly grounded normative premises; this is the first major study to enrich the field with more normative consistency and groundedness. It is also the first text to consistently identify the social causes of environmental problems, rather than focusing on the physical-scientific aspects, and thus design deeper and more effective policies. Furthermore, a tinge of post-modern thinking runs throughout the book, with special care being taken, however, to constantly keep in view the practical relevance of theory for problem-oriented work.The book will be of interest to environmental scientists and managers wishing to improve the consistency and depth of their work, to social scientists and geographers wishing to connect their discipline to the environmental problems field, and to general scientists interested in the connections between philosophy and practice.

  • Advances in Ecological Research

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 23
    • Inglés

  • Advances in Marine Biology

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 28
    • Inglés

  • Acidification Research: Evaluation and Policy Applications

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 50
    • T. Schneider
    • Inglés
    A large number of nationwide research programmes in the field of acidification have been carried out in the last decade. Especially in Western Europe, extensive programmes have resulted in a good overview of all the effects - mostly negative - caused by acidifying substances. There is now consensus that types of acidification damage relate to the unique geography of an area: air pollution affects vegetation; acid aerosol the ozone layer. New in this volume, is the relation between scientific results of integrated research programmes and policy actions to prevent, reduce and limit the widespread damage caused by acidification. The results of many different national research programmes are evaluated and compared to present a unique compilation for the research scientist and policy maker. In this volume thematic reviews on specific topics of acidification research are presented, followed by overviews of acidification policy plans and actual abatement plans. The result is the best review of acidification research carried out worldwide during the last decade and presentation of the critical relation between research results and policy actions.

  • Hazardous Metals in the Environment

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 12
    • M. Stoeppler
    • Inglés
    The execution of detailed studies on the fate and levels of hazardous elements in the environment, foodstuffs and in human beings has become a major task in environmental research and especially in analytical chemistry. This has led to a demand to develop new methodology and optimize that already in use. The book offers the reader a general introduction to the problem areas that are currently being tackled, followed by chapters on sampling and sample preservation, strategies and applications of the archiving of selected representative specimens for long-term storage in environmental specimen banks. This is supplemented by the example of wine as a preserved - frequently, already historical - specimen which clearly reflects technological changes over time. The following chapters review sample treatment, present an overview on the most frequently and successfully applied trace analytical methods for metals and metal compounds, and introduce the increasingly important methods for identifying and quantifying metal species in sediments and soils (speciation). The chapters in the second part of the book provide data on analytical methods for determining the levels of toxicologically, ecotoxicologically and ecologically important elements in environmental and biological materials, including information on the separation and quantification of chemical and organomatallic species. The elements treated are aluminium, arsenic, cadmium, chromium, cobalt, lead, mercury, nickel, selenium and thallium. The final chapter treats quality assurance and the importance of the continuous use of appropriate reference materials to avoid erroneous results.

  • Integrated Resource Management

    Agroforestry for Development
    • 1 Edición
    • Charles V. Kidd + 1 más
    • Inglés
    Written to help bring agriculture's "Green Revolution" to the third world, Integrated Resource Management includes overviews of current agricultural production systems and their alternatives, demographics on mortality and population growth, soils, erosion, water availability, sustainable integrated agroforestry systems and behavioral adaptations.

  • Marine Physics

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 53
    • J. Dera
    • Inglés
    In trying to discover as much as possible about the marine environment, oceanography has split into many subdisciplines, each represented by innumerable publications. To date however, there has been no concise synthesis introducing readers to the whole array of physical processes in the sea, and showing how these processes are related to one another and to other natural phenomena. The author of Marine Physics aims to fill this gap.The volume presents energy and mass transfer processes in the marine environment together with an explanation of their effects on other processes. Starting with a general introduction to the thermodynamics of ocean waters, there follow chapters on radiation transfer processes; the molecular exchange of mass, heat and momentum; the turbulent exchange of mass, heat and momentum; small-scale air-sea interactions; modelling the surface boundary layer; and the propagation of acoustic waves in the sea. The discussions begin with physical principles and culminate in a presentation of current research problems. The volume is completed with the presentation of basic quantities, equations, formulas and diagrams, as well as indexes and 576 literature references. This volume should be an invaluable resource to post-graduates and scientists in the fields of engineering and oceanography, and for those interested in the protection or exploitation of the marine environment.

  • Risk Management of Chemicals

    • 1 Edición
    • M. L. Richardson
    • Inglés
    This volume of proceedings reviews the status of risks entailed in the manufacture, handling, use and disposal of the chemicals on which we all depend and suggests further action for the protection of both the workplace and the natural environment.

  • Handbook of Radioactive Contamination and Decontamination

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 47
    • J. Severa + 1 más
    • Inglés
    The objective of this book is to present a comprehensive picture, first of the fundamentals of general contamination of solid surfaces and water, and in the second part, to review the main practical procedures and means of applied decontamination used in the fields of activity. The most emphasis on radioactive contamination deals with decontamination of the operational facilities in nuclear power plants. Other special decontamination branches of current interest are also dealt with briefly.The art of decontamination is being enriched by the progress achieved in relevant scientific disciplines and employs these relative advances. The current volume discusses in detail the following trends in decontamination: Firstly, the development and use of new decontamination methods that are highly efficient, non-agressive to decontaminated materials, and economically feasible; secondly, the utilization of progressive elements of automation and robotics; thirdly, the development and use of such decontamination formulations that would minimize the volume of wastes and would produce wastes in a form in which they could be either easily further treated or safely disposed of without risk to human health or the environment; finally, the choice of suitable materials used both for the structural and the technological parts of nuclear installations with regard to their minimal contaminability and ease of decontamination.

  • Waste Materials in Construction

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 48
    • Th.G. Aalbers + 2 más
    • Inglés
    Waste Materials in Construction contains papers from the first international conference on the environmental implications of construction with waste materials held in Maastricht in November, 1991. The three key themes of the conference are technical options for the application of waste materials in products for the construction industry, the resulting chemical and environmental aspects thereof, and legislation policies as they pertain to waste management. There has been a great deal of laboratory testing carried out in several countries on the impact of waste-derived products on the environment since most of these products are used in close contact with the soil ( eg. road construction). There is however, no consensus as to the methodologies possible for assessing the environmental behaviour of waste residue and the consequences of using them nor for developing standards to ensure environmentally safe re-use. The first half of the conference addresses this problem of lack of consensus. The second half deals with technical solutions and procedures to use waste materials for the production of construction materials.

  • Freight Transport and the Environment

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 45
    • M. Kroon + 2 más
    • Inglés
    In the past few decades, freight transport on roads has grown considerably because of the quick and flexible movement of goods. With an expanding market due to product specialization, there will be an increase in the demand for freight transport. There are however, several negative implications for the environment (air and noise pollution), human health and other more far-reaching phenomena such as acidification, photochemical air pollution and the greenhouse effect. Solutions to this problem are probed in this book including the stimulation of technological breakthroughs, new transport policies and better traffic management. The book provides a survey of present and potential approaches to reconcile the strong need for increasing transport and the necessity to stop the current destruction of natural resources and harm to human health.

  • Forensic Engineering

    Environmental Case Histories for Civil Engineers and Geologists
    • 1 Edición
    • James E. Slosson + 1 más
    • Inglés
    This book explores these and many other related subjects. This book will be of great value to expert witnesses in liability suits resulting from flood, erosion, landslide, mudslide, or other types of natural hazard-related damage. It clearly explains the needs of an expert, the relationship of the expert to the client and the attorney, the challenges to face, and the proper orientation as an expert. Through a variety of case studies, the book illustrates investigative techniques, case and data presentation to prove "reasonableness" or "unreasonableness" of conduct and "causation."

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