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Elsevier

Libros en Matemáticas

  • Advances in Computers

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 56
    • Marvin Zelkowitz
    • Inglés
    Advances in Computers remains at the forefront in presenting the new developments in the ever-changing field of information technology. Since 1960, Advances in Computers has chronicled the constantly shifting theories and methods of this technology that greatly shape our lives today. Volume 56 presents eight chapters that describe how the software, hardware and applications of computers are changing the use of computers during the early part of the 21st century: Software Evolution and the Staged Model of the Software Lifecycle; Embedded Software; Empirical Studies of Quality Models in Object-Oriented Systems; Software Fault Prevention by Language Choice; Quantum computing and communication; Exception Handling; Breaking the Robustness Barrier: Recent Progress on the Design of Robust Multimodal Systems; Using Data Mining to Discover the Preferences of Computer Criminals. As the longest-running continuous serial on computers, Advances in Computers presents technologies that will affect the industry in the years to come, covering hot topics from fundamentals to applications. Additionally, readers benefit from contributions of both academic and industry professionals of the highest caliber.

  • An Introduction to Differentiable Manifolds and Riemannian Geometry, Revised

    • 2 Edición
    • Volumen 120
    • William M. Boothby
    • William M. Boothby
    • Inglés
    The second edition of An Introduction to Differentiable Manifolds and Riemannian Geometry, Revised has sold over 6,000 copies since publication in 1986 and this revision will make it even more useful. This is the only book available that is approachable by "beginners" in this subject. It has become an essential introduction to the subject for mathematics students, engineers, physicists, and economists who need to learn how to apply these vital methods. It is also the only book that thoroughly reviews certain areas of advanced calculus that are necessary to understand the subject.

  • Pyramid Algorithms

    A Dynamic Programming Approach to Curves and Surfaces for Geometric Modeling
    • 1 Edición
    • Ron Goldman
    • Inglés
    Pyramid Algorithms presents a unique approach to understanding, analyzing, and computing the most common polynomial and spline curve and surface schemes used in computer-aided geometric design, employing a dynamic programming method based on recursive pyramids.The recursive pyramid approach offers the distinct advantage of revealing the entire structure of algorithms, as well as relationships between them, at a glance. This book-the only one built around this approach-is certain to change the way you think about CAGD and the way you perform it, and all it requires is a basic background in calculus and linear algebra, and simple programming skills.

  • Database and Data Communication Network Systems, Three-Volume Set

    Techniques and Applications
    • 1 Edición
    • Cornelius T. Leondes
    • Inglés
    Database and Data Communication Network Systems examines the utilization of the Internet and Local Area/Wide Area Networks in all areas of human endeavor. This three-volume set covers, among other topics, database systems, data compression, database architecture, data acquisition, asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) and the practical application of these technologies. The international collection of contributors was culled from exhaustive research of over 100,000 related archival and technical journals. This reference will be indispensable to engineering and computer science libraries, research libraries, and telecommunications, networking, and computer companies. It covers a diverse array of topics, including:* Techniques in emerging database system architectures* Techniques and applications in data mining* Object-oriented database systems* Data acquisition on the WWW during heavy client/server traffic periods* Information exploration on the WWW* Education and training in multimedia database systems* Data structure techniques in rapid prototyping and manufacturing* Wireless ATM in data networks for mobile systems* Applications in corporate finance* Scientific data visualization* Data compression and information retrieval* Techniques in medical systems, intensive care units

  • Nonlinear Partial Differential Equations and Their Applications

    College de France Seminar Volume XIV
    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 31
    • Doina Cioranescu + 1 más
    • Inglés
    This book contains the written versions of lectures delivered since 1997 in the well-known weekly seminar on Applied Mathematics at the Collège de France in Paris, directed by Jacques-Louis Lions. It is the 14th and last of the series, due to the recent and untimely death of Professor Lions. The texts in this volume deal mostly with various aspects of the theory of nonlinear partial differential equations. They present both theoretical and applied results in many fields of growing importance such as Calculus of variations and optimal control, optimization, system theory and control, operations research, fluids and continuum mechanics, nonlinear dynamics, meteorology and climate, homogenization and material science, numerical analysis and scientific computations The book is of interest to everyone from postgraduate, who wishes to follow the most recent progress in these fields.

  • Complex Numbers in n Dimensions

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 190
    • S. Olariu
    • Inglés
    Two distinct systems of hypercomplex numbers in n dimensions are introduced in this book, for which the multiplication is associative and commutative, and which are rich enough in properties such that exponential and trigonometric forms exist and the concepts of analytic n-complex function, contour integration and residue can be defined.The first type of hypercomplex numbers, called polar hypercomplex numbers, is characterized by the presence in an even number of dimensions greater or equal to 4 of two polar axes, and by the presence in an odd number of dimensions of one polar axis. The other type of hypercomplex numbers exists as a distinct entity only when the number of dimensions n of the space is even, and since the position of a point is specified with the aid of n/2-1 planar angles, these numbers have been called planar hypercomplex numbers.The development of the concept of analytic functions of hypercomplex variables was rendered possible by the existence of an exponential form of the n-complex numbers. Azimuthal angles, which are cyclic variables, appear in these forms at the exponent, and lead to the concept of n-dimensional hypercomplex residue. Expressions are given for the elementary functions of n-complex variable. In particular, the exponential function of an n-complex number is expanded in terms of functions called in this book n-dimensional cosexponential functionsof the polar and respectively planar type, which are generalizations to n dimensions of the sine, cosine and exponential functions.In the case of polar complex numbers, a polynomial can be written as a product of linear or quadratic factors, although it is interesting that several factorizations are in general possible. In the case of planar hypercomplex numbers, a polynomial can always be written as a product of linear factors, although, again, several factorizations are in general possible.The book presents a detailed analysis of the hypercomplex numbers in 2, 3 and 4 dimensions, then presents the properties of hypercomplex numbers in 5 and 6 dimensions, and it continues with a detailed analysis of polar and planar hypercomplex numbers in n dimensions. The essence of this book is the interplay between the algebraic, the geometric and the analytic facets of the relations.

  • Almost Free Modules

    Set-theoretic Methods
    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 65
    • P.C. Eklof + 1 más
    • Inglés
    This book provides a comprehensive exposition of the use of set-theoretic methods in abelian group theory, module theory, and homological algebra, including applications to Whitehead's Problem, the structure of Ext and the existence of almost-free modules over non-perfect rings. This second edition is completely revised and udated to include major developments in the decade since the first edition. Among these are applications to cotorsion theories and covers, including a proof of the Flat Cover Conjecture, as well as the use of Shelah's pcf theory to constuct almost free groups. As with the first edition, the book is largely self-contained, and designed to be accessible to both graduate students and researchers in both algebra and logic. They will find there an introduction to powerful techniques which they may find useful in their own work.

  • Mathematics

    A Second Start
    • 2 Edición
    • S. Page + 2 más
    • Inglés
    Provides less mathematically minded students with a gentle introduction to basic mathematics and some more advanced topics. Covering algebra, trigonometry, calculus and statistics, it manages to combine clarity of presentation with liveliness of style and sympathy for students’ needs. It is straightforward, pragmatic and packed full of illustrative examples, exercises and self-test questions. The essentials of formal mathematics are lucidly explained, with terms such as ‘integral’ or ‘differential equation’ fully clarified.

  • Mathematics Teaching Practice

    Guide for University and College Lecturers
    • 1 Edición
    • J H Mason
    • Inglés
    Mathematics; Clarifying the distinction between mathematical research and mathematics education, this book offers hundreds of suggestions for making small and medium sized changes for lectures, tutorials, task design, or problem solving. Here is guidance and inspiration for effective mathematics teaching in a modern technological environment, directed to teachers who are unhappy with results or experience, or those now in teacher training or new to the profession. Commencing with a range of student behaviours and attitudes that have struck and amazed tutors and lecturers, Professor Mason offers a wealth of partial diagnoses, followed by specific advice and suggestions for remedial actions.

  • Manifold Theory

    An Introduction for Mathematical Physicists
    • 1 Edición
    • D. Martin
    • Inglés
    This account of basic manifold theory and global analysis, based on senior undergraduate and post-graduate courses at Glasgow University for students and researchers in theoretical physics, has been proven over many years. The treatment is rigorous yet less condensed than in books written primarily for pure mathematicians. Prerequisites include knowledge of basic linear algebra and topology. Topology is included in two appendices because many courses on mathematics for physics students do not include this subject.

  • Handbook of Geometric Topology

    • 1 Edición
    • R.B. Sher + 1 más
    • Inglés
    Geometric Topology is a foundational component of modern mathematics, involving the study of spacial properties and invariants of familiar objects such as manifolds and complexes. This volume, which is intended both as an introduction to the subject and as a wide ranging resouce for those already grounded in it, consists of 21 expository surveys written by leading experts and covering active areas of current research. They provide the reader with an up-to-date overview of this flourishing branch of mathematics.

  • Mathematical Logic

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 4
    • R.O. Gandy + 1 más
    • Inglés
    Mathematical Logic is a collection of the works of one of the leading figures in 20th-century science. This collection of A.M. Turing's works is intended to include all his mature scientific writing, including a substantial quantity of unpublished material. His work in pure mathematics and mathematical logic extended considerably further; the work of his last years, on morphogenesis in plants, is also of the greatest originality and of permanent importance. This book is divided into three parts. The first part focuses on computability and ordinal logics and covers Turing's work between 1937 and 1938. The second part covers type theory; it provides a general introduction to Turing's work on type theory and covers his published and unpublished works between 1941 and 1948. Finally, the third part focuses on enigmas, mysteries, and loose ends. This concluding section of the book discusses Turing's Treatise on the Enigma, with excerpts from the Enigma Paper. It also delves into Turing's papers on programming and on minimum cost sequential analysis, featuring an excerpt from the unpublished manuscript. This book will be of interest to mathematicians, logicians, and computer scientists.

  • Mathematics for Chemistry and Physics

    • 1 Edición
    • George Turrell
    • Inglés
    Chemistry and physics share a common mathematical foundation. From elementary calculus to vector analysis and group theory, Mathematics for Chemistry and Physics aims to provide a comprehensive reference for students and researchers pursuing these scientific fields. The book is based on the authors many classroom experience. Designed as a reference text, Mathematics for Chemistry and Physics will prove beneficial for students at all university levels in chemistry, physics, applied mathematics, and theoretical biology. Although this book is not computer-based, many references to current applications are included, providing the background to what goes on "behind the screen" in computer experiments.

  • Numerical Analysis: Historical Developments in the 20th Century

    • 1 Edición
    • C. Brezinski + 1 más
    • Inglés
    Numerical analysis has witnessed many significant developments in the 20th century. This book brings together 16 papers dealing with historical developments, survey papers and papers on recent trends in selected areas of numerical analysis, such as: approximation and interpolation, solution of linear systems and eigenvalue problems, iterative methods, quadrature rules, solution of ordinary-, partial- and integral equations. The papers are reprinted from the 7-volume project of the Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics on '/homepage/sac/cam/n... Analysis 2000'. An introductory survey paper deals with the history of the first courses on numerical analysis in several countries and with the landmarks in the development of important algorithms and concepts in the field.

  • Modelling and Mathematics Education

    ICTMA 9 - Applications in Science and Technology
    • 1 Edición
    • J F Matos + 3 más
    • Inglés
    The articles included in this book are from the ICTMA 9 conference held in Lisbon, attended by delegates from about 30 countries. This work records the 1999 Lisbon Conference of ICTMA. It contains the selected and edited content of the conference and makes a significant contribution to mathematical modelling which is the significant investigative preliminary to all scientific and technological applications from machinery to satellites and docking of space-ships.

  • Stochastic Methods for Flow in Porous Media

    Coping with Uncertainties
    • 1 Edición
    • Dongxiao Zhang
    • Inglés
    Stochastic Methods for Flow in Porous Media: Coping with Uncertainties explores fluid flow in complex geologic environments. The parameterization of uncertainty into flow models is important for managing water resources, preserving subsurface water quality, storing energy and wastes, and improving the safety and economics of extracting subsurface mineral and energy resources. This volume systematically introduces a number of stochastic methods used by researchers in the community in a tutorial way and presents methodologies for spatially and temporally stationary as well as nonstationary flows. The author compiles a number of well-known results and useful formulae and includes exercises at the end of each chapter.

  • Recent Progress in Functional Analysis

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 189
    • K.D. Bierstedt + 3 más
    • Inglés
    This Proceedings Volume contains 32 articles on various interesting areas ofpresent-day functional analysis and its applications: Banach spaces andtheir geometry, operator ideals, Banach and operator algebras, operator andspectral theory, Frechet spaces and algebras, function and sequence spaces.The authors have taken much care with their articles and many papers presentimportant results and methods in active fields of research. Several surveytype articles (at the beginning and the end of the book) will be very usefulfor mathematicians who want to learn "what is going on" in some particularfield of research.

  • A Primer of Lebesgue Integration

    • 2 Edición
    • H. S. Bear
    • Inglés
    The Lebesgue integral is now standard for both applications and advanced mathematics. This books starts with a review of the familiar calculus integral and then constructs the Lebesgue integral from the ground up using the same ideas. A Primer of Lebesgue Integration has been used successfully both in the classroom and for individual study. Bear presents a clear and simple introduction for those intent on further study in higher mathematics. Additionally, this book serves as a refresher providing new insight for those in the field. The author writes with an engaging, commonsense style that appeals to readers at all levels.

  • Handbook of the Geometry of Banach Spaces

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 1
    • Inglés
    The Handbook presents an overview of most aspects of modernBanach space theory and its applications. The up-to-date surveys, authored by leading research workers in the area, are written to be accessible to a wide audience. In addition to presenting the state of the art of Banach space theory, the surveys discuss the relation of the subject with such areas as harmonic analysis, complex analysis, classical convexity, probability theory, operator theory, combinatorics, logic, geometric measure theory, and partial differential equations.The Handbook begins with a chapter on basic concepts in Banachspace theory which contains all the background needed for reading any other chapter in the Handbook. Each of the twenty one articles in this volume after the basic concepts chapter is devoted to one specific direction of Banach space theory or its applications. Each article contains a motivated introduction as well as an exposition of the main results, methods, and open problems in its specific direction. Most have an extensive bibliography. Many articles contain new proofs of known results as well as expositions of proofs which are hard to locate in the literature or are only outlined in the original research papers.As well as being valuable to experienced researchers in Banach space theory, the Handbook should be an outstanding source for inspiration and information to graduate students and beginning researchers. The Handbook will be useful for mathematicians who want to get an idea of the various developments in Banach space theory.

  • Advances in Computers

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 55
    • Inglés
    Volume 55 covers some particularly hot topics. Linda Harasim writes about education and the Web in "The Virtual University: A State of the Art." She discusses the issues that will need to be addressed if online education is to live up to expectations. Neville Holmes covers a related subject in his chapter "The Net, the Web, and the Children." He argues that the Web is an evolutionary, rather than revolutionary, development and highlights the division between the rich and the poor within and across nations. Continuing the WWW theme, George Mihaila, Louqa Raschid, and Maria-Esther Vidal look at the problems of using the Web and finding the information you want.Naren Ramakrishnan and Anath Grama discuss another aspect of finding relevant information in large databases in their contribution. They discuss the algorithms, techniques, and methodologies for effective application of scientific data mining.Returning to the Web theme, Ross Anderson, Frank Stajano, and Jong-Hyeon Lee address the issue of security policies. Their survey of the most significant security policy models in the literature shows how security may mean different things in different contexts.John Savage, Alan Selman, and Carl Smith take a step back from the applications and address how theoretical computer science has had an impact on practical computing concepts. Finally, Yuan Taur takes a step even further back and discusses the development of the computer chip.Thus, Volume 55 takes us from the very fundamentals of computer science-the chip-right to the applications and user interface with the Web.

  • General Theory of C*-Algebras

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 3
    • Inglés

  • Hilbert Spaces

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 4
    • Inglés
    This book has evolved from the lecture course on Functional Analysis I had given several times at the ETH. The text has a strict logical order, in the style of “Definition – Theorem – Proof - Example - Exercises”. The proofs are rather thorough and there many examples. The first part of the book(the first three chapters, resp. the first two volumes) is devoted to the theory of Banach spaces in the most general sense of the term. The purpose of the first chapter (resp. first volume) is to introduce those results on Banach spaces which are used later or which are closely connected with the book. It therefore only contains a small part of the theory, and several results are stated (and proved) in a diluted form. The second chapter (which together with Chapter 3 makes the second volume) deals with Banach algebras (and involutive Banach algebras), which constitute the main topic of the first part of the book. The third chapter deals with compact operators on Banach spaces and linear (ordinary and partial) differential equations - applications of the, theory of Banach algebras.

  • Partial Differential Equations

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 7
    • D. Sloan + 2 más
    • Inglés
    /homepage/sac/cam/na... Set now available at special set price !Over the second half of the 20th century the subject area loosely referred to as numerical analysis of partial differential equations (PDEs) has undergone unprecedented development. At its practical end, the vigorous growth and steady diversification of the field were stimulated by the demand for accurate and reliable tools for computational modelling in physical sciences and engineering, and by the rapid development of computer hardware and architecture. At the more theoretical end, the analytical insight into the underlying stability and accuracy properties of computational algorithms for PDEs was deepened by building upon recent progress in mathematical analysis and in the theory of PDEs.To embark on a comprehensive review of the field of numerical analysis of partial differential equations within a single volume of this journal would have been an impossible task. Indeed, the 16 contributions included here, by some of the foremost world authorities in the subject, represent only a small sample of the major developments. We hope that these articles will, nevertheless, provide the reader with a stimulating glimpse into this diverse, exciting and important field.The opening paper by Thomée reviews the history of numerical analysis of PDEs, starting with the 1928 paper by Courant, Friedrichs and Lewy on the solution of problems of mathematical physics by means of finite differences. This excellent survey takes the reader through the development of finite differences for elliptic problems from the 1930s, and the intense study of finite differences for general initial value problems during the 1950s and 1960s. The formulation of the concept of stability is explored in the Lax equivalence theorem and the Kreiss matrix lemmas. Reference is made to the introduction of the finite element method by structural engineers, and a description is given of the subsequent development and mathematical analysis of the finite element method with piecewise polynomial approximating functions. The penultimate section of Thomée's survey deals with `other classes of approximation methods', and this covers methods such as collocation methods, spectral methods, finite volume methods and boundary integral methods. The final section is devoted to numerical linear algebra for elliptic problems.The next three papers, by Bialecki and Fairweather, Hesthaven and Gottlieb and Dahmen, describe, respectively, spline collocation methods, spectral methods and wavelet methods. The work by Bialecki and Fairweather is a comprehensive overview of orthogonal spline collocation from its first appearance to the latest mathematical developments and applications. The emphasis throughout is on problems in two space dimensions. The paper by Hesthaven and Gottlieb presents a review of Fourier and Chebyshev pseudospectral methods for the solution of hyperbolic PDEs. Particular emphasis is placed on the treatment of boundaries, stability of time discretisations, treatment of non-smooth solutions and multidomain techniques. The paper gives a clear view of the advances that have been made over the last decade in solving hyperbolic problems by means of spectral methods, but it shows that many critical issues remain open. The paper by Dahmen reviews the recent rapid growth in the use of wavelet methods for PDEs. The author focuses on the use of adaptivity, where significant successes have recently been achieved. He describes the potential weaknesses of wavelet methods as well as the perceived strengths, thus giving a balanced view that should encourage the study of wavelet methods.Aspects of finite element methods and adaptivity are dealt with in the three papers by Cockburn, Rannacher and Suri. The paper by Cockburn is concerned with the development and analysis of discontinuous Galerkin (DG) finite element methods for hyperbolic problems. It reviews the key properties of DG methods for nonlinear hyperbolic conservation laws from a novel viewpoint that stems from the observation that hyperbolic conservation laws are normally arrived at via model reduction, by elimination of dissipation terms. Rannacher's paper is a first-rate survey of duality-based a posteriori error estimation and mesh adaptivity for Galerkin finite element approximations of PDEs. The approach is illustrated for simple examples of linear and nonlinear PDEs, including also an optimal control problem. Several open questions are identified such as the efficient determination of the dual solution, especially in the presence of oscillatory solutions. The paper by Suri is a lucid overview of the relative merits of the hp and p versions of the finite element method over the h version. The work is presented in a non-technical manner by focusing on a class of problems concerned with linear elasticity posed on thin domains. This type of problem is of considerable practical interest and it generates a number of significant theoretical problems.Iterative methods and multigrid techniques are reviewed in a paper by Silvester, Elman, Kay and Wathen, and in three papers by Stüben, Wesseling and Oosterlee and Xu. The paper by Silvester et al. outlines a new class of robust and efficient methods for solving linear algebraic systems that arise in the linearisation and operator splitting of the Navier-Stokes equations. A general preconditioning strategy is described that uses a multigrid V-cycle for the scalar convection-diffusion operator and a multigrid V-cycle for a pressure Poisson operator. This two-stage approach gives rise to a solver that is robust with respect to time-step-variation and for which the convergence rate is independent of the grid. The paper by Stüben gives a detailed overview of algebraic multigrid. This is a hierarchical and matrix-based approach to the solution of large, sparse, unstructured linear systems of equations. It may be applied to yield efficient solvers for elliptic PDEs discretised on unstructured grids. The author shows why this is likely to be an active and exciting area of research for several years in the new millennium. The paper by Wesseling and Oosterlee reviews geometric multigrid methods, with emphasis on applications in computational fluid dynamics (CFD). The paper is not an introduction to multigrid: it is more appropriately described as a refresher paper for practitioners who have some basic knowledge of multigrid methods and CFD. The authors point out that textbook multigrid efficiency cannot yet be achieved for all CFD problems and that the demands of engineering applications are focusing research in interesting new directions. Semi-coarsening, adaptivity and generalisation to unstructured grids are becoming more important. The paper by Xu presents an overview of methods for solving linear algebraic systems based on subspace corrections. The method is motivated by a discussion of the local behaviour of high-frequency components in the solution of an elliptic problem. Of novel interest is the demonstration that the method of subspace corrections is closely related to von Neumann's method of alternating projections. This raises the question as to whether certain error estimates for alternating directions that are available in the literature may be used to derive convergence estimates for multigrid and/or domain decomposition methods.Moving finite element methods and moving mesh methods are presented, respectively, in the papers by Baines and Huang and Russell. The paper by Baines reviews recent advances in Galerkin and least-squares methods for solving first- and second-order PDEs with moving nodes in multidimensions. The methods use unstructured meshes and they minimise the norm of the residual of the PDE over both the computed solution and the nodal positions. The relationship between the moving finite element method and L2 least-squares methods is discussed. The paper also describes moving finite volume and discrete l2 least-squares methods. Huang and Russell review a class of moving mesh algorithms based upon a moving mesh partial differential equation (MMPDE). The authors are leading players in this research area, and the paper is largely a review of their own work in developing viable MMPDEs and efficient solution strategies.The remaining three papers in this special issue are by Budd and Piggott, Ewing and Wang and van der Houwen and Sommeijer. The paper by Budd and Piggott on geometric integration is a survey of adaptive methods and scaling invariance for discretisations of ordinary and partial differential equations. The authors have succeeded in presenting a readable account of material that combines abstract concepts and practical scientific computing. Geometric integration is a new and rapidly growing area which deals with the derivation of numerical methods for differential equations that incorporate qualitative information in their structure. Qualitative features that may be present in PDEs might include symmetries, asymptotics, invariants or orderings and the objective is to take these properties into account in deriving discretisations. The paper by Ewing and Wang gives a brief summary of numerical methods for advection-dominated PDEs. Models arising in porous medium fluid flow are presented to motivate the study of the advection-dominated flows. The numerical methods reviewed are applicable not only to porous medium flow problems but second-order PDEs with dominant hyperbolic behaviour in general. The paper by van der Houwen and Sommeijer deals with approximate factorisation for time-dependent PDEs. The paper begins with some historical notes and it proceeds to present various approximate factorisation techniques. The objective is to show that the linear system arising from linearisation and discretisation of the PDE may be solved more efficiently if the coefficient matrix is replaced by an approximate factorisation based on splitting. The paper presents a number of new stability results obtained by the group at CWI Amsterdam for the resulting time integration methods.

  • Operator Theory and Numerical Methods

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 30
    • H. Fujita + 2 más
    • Inglés
    In accordance with the developments in computation, theoretical studies on numerical schemes are now fruitful and highly needed. In 1991 an article on the finite element method applied to evolutionary problems was published. Following the method, basically this book studies various schemes from operator theoretical points of view. Many parts are devoted to the finite element method, but other schemes and problems (charge simulation method, domain decomposition method, nonlinear problems, and so forth) are also discussed, motivated by the observation that practically useful schemes have fine mathematical structures and the converses are also true.

  • Ordinary Differential Equations and Integral Equations

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 6
    • C.T.H. Baker + 2 más
    • J.D. Pryce
    • Inglés
    /homepage/sac/cam/na... Set now available at special set price !This volume contains contributions in the area of differential equations and integral equations. Many numerical methods have arisen in response to the need to solve "real-life" problems in applied mathematics, in particular problems that do not have a closed-form solution. Contributions on both initial-value problems and boundary-value problems in ordinary differential equations appear in this volume. Numerical methods for initial-value problems in ordinary differential equations fall naturally into two classes: those which use one starting value at each step (one-step methods) and those which are based on several values of the solution (multistep methods).John Butcher has supplied an expert's perspective of the development of numerical methods for ordinary differential equations in the 20th century. Rob Corless and Lawrence Shampine talk about established technology, namely software for initial-value problems using Runge-Kutta and Rosenbrock methods, with interpolants to fill in the solution between mesh-points, but the 'slant' is new - based on the question, "How should such software integrate into the current generation of Problem Solving Environments?"Natali... Borovykh and Marc Spijker study the problem of establishing upper bounds for the norm of the nth power of square matrices.The dynamical system viewpoint has been of great benefit to ODE theory and numerical methods. Related is the study of chaotic behaviour.Willy Govaerts discusses the numerical methods for the computation and continuation of equilibria and bifurcation points of equilibria of dynamical systems.Arieh Iserles and Antonella Zanna survey the construction of Runge-Kutta methods which preserve algebraic invariant functions.Valeria Antohe and Ian Gladwell present numerical experiments on solving a Hamiltonian system of Hénon and Heiles with a symplectic and a nonsymplectic method with a variety of precisions and initial conditions.Stiff differential equations first became recognized as special during the 1950s. In 1963 two seminal publications laid to the foundations for later development: Dahlquist's paper on A-stable multistep methods and Butcher's first paper on implicit Runge-Kutta methods.Ernst Hairer and Gerhard Wanner deliver a survey which retraces the discovery of the order stars as well as the principal achievements obtained by that theory.Guido Vanden Berghe, Hans De Meyer, Marnix Van Daele and Tanja Van Hecke construct exponentially fitted Runge-Kutta methods with s stages.Differential-... equations arise in control, in modelling of mechanical systems and in many other fields.Jeff Cash describes a fairly recent class of formulae for the numerical solution of initial-value problems for stiff and differential-algebra... systems.Shengtai Li and Linda Petzold describe methods and software for sensitivity analysis of solutions of DAE initial-value problems.Again in the area of differential-algebra... systems, Neil Biehn, John Betts, Stephen Campbell and William Huffman present current work on mesh adaptation for DAE two-point boundary-value problems.Contrasting approaches to the question of how good an approximation is as a solution of a given equation involve (i) attempting to estimate the actual error (i.e., the difference between the true and the approximate solutions) and (ii) attempting to estimate the defect - the amount by which the approximation fails to satisfy the given equation and any side-conditions.The paper by Wayne Enright on defect control relates to carefully analyzed techniques that have been proposed both for ordinary differential equations and for delay differential equations in which an attempt is made to control an estimate of the size of the defect.Many phenomena incorporate noise, and the numerical solution of stochastic differential equations has developed as a relatively new item of study in the area.Keven Burrage, Pamela Burrage and Taketomo Mitsui review the way numerical methods for solving stochastic differential equations (SDE's) are constructed.One of the more recent areas to attract scrutiny has been the area of differential equations with after-effect (retarded, delay, or neutral delay differential equations) and in this volume we include a number of papers on evolutionary problems in this area.The paper of Genna Bocharov and Fathalla Rihan conveys the importance in mathematical biology of models using retarded differential equations.The contribution by Christopher Baker is intended to convey much of the background necessary for the application of numerical methods and includes some original results on stability and on the solution of approximating equations.Alfredo Bellen, Nicola Guglielmi and Marino Zennaro contribute to the analysis of stability of numerical solutions of nonlinear neutral differential equations.Koen Engelborghs, Tatyana Luzyanina, Dirk Roose, Neville Ford and Volker Wulf consider the numerics of bifurcation in delay differential equations.Evelyn Buckwar contributes a paper indicating the construction and analysis of a numerical strategy for stochastic delay differential equations (SDDEs).This volume contains contributions on both Volterra and Fredholm-type integral equations.Christophe... Baker responded to a late challenge to craft a review of the theory of the basic numerics of Volterra integral and integro-differential equations.Simon Shaw and John Whiteman discuss Galerkin methods for a type of Volterra integral equation that arises in modelling viscoelasticity.A subclass of boundary-value problems for ordinary differential equation comprises eigenvalue problems such as Sturm-Liouville problems (SLP) and Schrödinger equations.Liviu Ixaru describes the advances made over the last three decades in the field of piecewise perturbation methods for the numerical solution of Sturm-Liouville problems in general and systems of Schrödinger equations in particular.Alan Andrew surveys the asymptotic correction method for regular Sturm-Liouville problems.Leon Greenberg and Marco Marletta survey methods for higher-order Sturm-Liouville problems.R. Moore in the 1960s first showed the feasibility of validated solutions of differential equations, that is, of computing guaranteed enclosures of solutions.Boundary integral equations. Numerical solution of integral equations associated with boundary-value problems has experienced continuing interest.Peter Junghanns and Bernd Silbermann present a selection of modern results concerning the numerical analysis of one-dimensional Cauchy singular integral equations, in particular the stability of operator sequences associated with different projection methods.Johannes Elschner and Ivan Graham summarize the most important results achieved in the last years about the numerical solution of one-dimensional integral equations of Mellin type of means of projection methods and, in particular, by collocation methods.A survey of results on quadrature methods for solving boundary integral equations is presented by Andreas Rathsfeld.Wolfgang Hackbusch and Boris Khoromski present a novel approach for a very efficient treatment of integral operators.Ernst Stephan examines multilevel methods for the h-, p- and hp- versions of the boundary element method, including pre-conditioning techniques.George Hsiao, Olaf Steinbach and Wolfgang Wendland analyze various boundary element methods employed in local discretization schemes.

  • Advanced Engineering Mathematics

    • 1 Edición
    • Alan Jeffrey
    • Inglés
    Advanced Engineering Mathematics provides comprehensive and contemporary coverage of key mathematical ideas, techniques, and their widespread applications, for students majoring in engineering, computer science, mathematics and physics. Using a wide range of examples throughout the book, Jeffrey illustrates how to construct simple mathematical models, how to apply mathematical reasoning to select a particular solution from a range of possible alternatives, and how to determine which solution has physical significance. Jeffrey includes material that is not found in works of a similar nature, such as the use of the matrix exponential when solving systems of ordinary differential equations. The text provides many detailed, worked examples following the introduction of each new idea, and large problem sets provide both routine practice, and, in many cases, greater challenge and insight for students. Most chapters end with a set of computer projects that require the use of any CAS (such as Maple or Mathematica) that reinforce ideas and provide insight into more advanced problems.

  • Inherently Parallel Algorithms in Feasibility and Optimization and their Applications

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 8
    • D. Butnariu + 2 más
    • Inglés
    The Haifa 2000 Workshop on "Inherently Parallel Algorithms for Feasibility and Optimization and their Applications" brought together top scientists in this area. The objective of the Workshop was to discuss, analyze and compare the latest developments in this fast growing field of applied mathematics and to identify topics of research which are of special interest for industrial applications and for further theoretical study.Inherently parallel algorithms, that is, computational methods which are, by their mathematical nature, parallel, have been studied in various contexts for more than fifty years. However, it was only during the last decade that they have mostly proved their practical usefulness because new generations of computers made their implementation possible in order to solve complex feasibility and optimization problems involving huge amounts of data via parallel processing. These led to an accumulation of computational experience and theoretical information and opened new and challenging questions concerning the behavior of inherently parallel algorithms for feasibility and optimization, their convergence in new environments and in circumstances in which they were not considered before their stability and reliability. Several research groups all over the world focused on these questions and it was the general feeling among scientists involved in this effort that the time has come to survey the latest progress and convey a perspective for further development and concerted scientific investigations. Thus, the editors of this volume, with the support of the Israeli Academy for Sciences and Humanities, took the initiative of organizing a Workshop intended to bring together the leading scientists in the field. The current volume is the Proceedings of the Workshop representing the discussions, debates and communications that took place. Having all that information collected in a single book will provide mathematicians and engineers interested in the theoretical and practical aspects of the inherently parallel algorithms for feasibility and optimization with a tool for determining when, where and which algorithms in this class are fit for solving specific problems, how reliable they are, how they behave and how efficient they were in previous applications. Such a tool will allow software creators to choose ways of better implementing these methods by learning from existing experience.

  • The Infinite-Dimensional Topology of Function Spaces

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 64
    • J. van Mill
    • Inglés
    In this book we study function spaces of low Borel complexity.Technique... from general topology, infinite-dimensional topology, functional analysis and descriptive set theoryare primarily used for the study of these spaces. The mix ofmethods from several disciplines makes the subjectparticularly interesting. Among other things, a complete and self-contained proof of the Dobrowolski-Marcisze... Theorem that all function spaces of low Borel complexity are topologically homeomorphic, is presented.In order to understand what is going on, a solid background ininfinite-dimension... topology is needed. And for that a fair amount of knowledge of dimension theory as well as ANR theory is needed. The necessary material was partially covered in our previous book `Infinite-dimensiona... topology, prerequisites and introduction'. A selection of what was done there can be found here as well, but completely revised and at many places expanded with recent results. A `scenic' route has been chosen towards theDobrowolski-Marci... Theorem, linking theresults needed for its proof to interesting recent research developments in dimension theory and infinite-dimensional topology.The first five chapters of this book are intended as a text forgraduate courses in topology. For a course in dimension theory, Chapters 2 and 3 and part of Chapter 1 should be covered. For a course in infinite-dimensional topology, Chapters 1, 4 and 5. In Chapter 6, which deals with function spaces, recent research results are discussed. It could also be used for a graduate course in topology but its flavor is more that of a research monograph than of a textbook; it is thereforemore suitable as a text for a research seminar. The bookconsequently has the character of both textbook and a research monograph. In Chapters 1 through 5, unless statedotherwise, all spaces under discussion are separable andmetrizable. In Chapter 6 results for more general classes of spaces are presented.In Appendix A for easy reference and some basic facts that are important in the book have been collected. The book is not intended as a basis for a course in topology; its purpose is to collect knowledge about general topology.The exercises in the book serve three purposes: 1) to test the reader's understanding of the material 2) to supply proofs of statements that are used in the text, but are not proven there3) to provide additional information not covered by the text.Solutions to selected exercises have been included in Appendix B.These exercises are important or difficult.

  • Multivariate Polysplines

    Applications to Numerical and Wavelet Analysis
    • 1 Edición
    • Ognyan Kounchev
    • Inglés
    Multivariate polysplines are a new mathematical technique that has arisen from a synthesis of approximation theory and the theory of partial differential equations. It is an invaluable means to interpolate practical data with smooth functions. Multivariate polysplines have applications in the design of surfaces and "smoothing" that are essential in computer aided geometric design (CAGD and CAD/CAM systems), geophysics, magnetism, geodesy, geography, wavelet analysis and signal and image processing. In many cases involving practical data in these areas, polysplines are proving more effective than well-established methods, such as kKriging, radial basis functions, thin plate splines and minimum curvature.

  • Surface Topology

    • 3 Edición
    • P A Firby + 1 más
    • Inglés
    This updated and revised edition of a widely acclaimed and successful text for undergraduates examines topology of recent compact surfaces through the development of simple ideas in plane geometry. Containing over 171 diagrams, the approach allows for a straightforward treatment of its subject area. It is particularly attractive for its wealth of applications and variety of interactions with branches of mathematics, linked with surface topology, graph theory, group theory, vector field theory, and plane Euclidean and non-Euclidean geometry.

  • Dynamical Models in Biology

    • 1 Edición
    • Miklós Farkas
    • Inglés
    Dynamic Models in Biology offers an introduction to modern mathematical biology. This book provides a short introduction to modern mathematical methods in modeling dynamical phenomena and treats the broad topics of population dynamics, epidemiology, evolution, immunology, morphogenesis, and pattern formation. Primarily employing differential equations, the author presents accessible descriptions of difficult mathematical models. Recent mathematical results are included, but the author's presentation gives intuitive meaning to all the main formulae. Besides mathematicians who want to get acquainted with this relatively new field of applications, this book is useful for physicians, biologists, agricultural engineers, and environmentalists. Key Topics Include: Chaotic dynamics of populations The spread of sexually transmitted diseases Problems of the origin of life Models of immunology Formation of animal hide patterns The intuitive meaning of mathematical formulae explained with many figures Applying new mathematical results in modeling biological phenomena Miklos Farkas is a professor at Budapest University of Technology where he has researched and instructed mathematics for over thirty years. He has taught at universities in the former Soviet Union, Canada, Australia, Venezuela, Nigeria, India, and Columbia. Prof. Farkas received the 1999 Bolyai Award of the Hungarian Academy of Science and the 2001 Albert Szentgyorgyi Award of the Hungarian Ministry of Education.

  • An Introduction to Non-Harmonic Fourier Series, Revised Edition, 93

    • 2 Edición
    • Robert M. Young
    • Inglés
    An Introduction to Non-Harmonic Fourier Series, Revised Edition is an update of a widely known and highly respected classic textbook.Throughout the book, material has also been added on recent developments, including stability theory, the frame radius, and applications to signal analysis and the control of partial differential equations.

  • Banach Spaces

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 1
    • Inglés

  • Codes on Euclidean Spheres

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 63
    • T. Ericson + 1 más
    • Inglés
    Codes on Euclidean spheres are often referred to as spherical codes. They are of interest from mathematical, physical and engineering points of view. Mathematically the topic belongs to the realm of algebraic combinatorics, with close connections to number theory, geometry, combinatorial theory, and - of course - to algebraic coding theory. The connections to physics occur within areas like crystallography and nuclear physics. In engineering spherical codes are of central importance in connection with error-control in communication systems. In that context the use of spherical codes is often referred to as "coded modulation." The book offers a first complete treatment of the mathematical theory of codes on Euclidean spheres. Many new results are published here for the first time. Engineering applications are emphasized throughout the text. The theory is illustrated by many examples. The book also contains an extensive table of best known spherical codes in dimensions 3-24, including exact constructions.

  • Graphs of Groups on Surfaces

    Interactions and Models
    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 188
    • A.T. White
    • Inglés
    The book, suitable as both an introductory reference and as a text book in the rapidly growing field of topological graph theory, models both maps (as in map-coloring problems) and groups by means of graph imbeddings on sufaces. Automorphism groups of both graphs and maps are studied. In addition connections are made to other areas of mathematics, such as hypergraphs, block designs, finite geometries, and finite fields. There are chapters on the emerging subfields of enumerative topological graph theory and random topological graph theory, as well as a chapter on the composition of English church-bell music. The latter is facilitated by imbedding the right graph of the right group on an appropriate surface, with suitable symmetries. Throughout the emphasis is on Cayley maps: imbeddings of Cayley graphs for finite groups as (possibly branched) covering projections of surface imbeddings of loop graphs with one vertex. This is not as restrictive as it might sound; many developments in topological graph theory involve such imbeddings.The approach aims to make all this interconnected material readily accessible to a beginning graduate (or an advanced undergraduate) student, while at the same time providing the research mathematician with a useful reference book in topological graph theory. The focus will be on beautiful connections, both elementary and deep, within mathematics that can best be described by the intuitively pleasing device of imbedding graphs of groups on surfaces.

  • Handbook of Process Algebra

    • 1 Edición
    • J.A. Bergstra + 2 más
    • Inglés
    Process Algebra is a formal description technique for complex computer systems, especially those involving communicating, concurrently executing components. It is a subject that concurrently touches many topic areas of computer science and discrete math, including system design notations, logic, concurrency theory, specification and verification, operational semantics, algorithms, complexity theory, and, of course, algebra.This Handbook documents the fate of process algebra since its inception in the late 1970's to the present. It is intended to serve as a reference source for researchers, students, and system designers and engineers interested in either the theory of process algebra or in learning what process algebra brings to the table as a formal system description and verification technique. The Handbook is divided into six parts spanning a total of 19 self-contained Chapters. The organization is as follows. Part 1, consisting of four chapters, covers a broad swath of the basic theory of process algebra. Part 2 contains two chapters devoted to the sub-specialization of process algebra known as finite-state processes, while the three chapters of Part 3 look at infinite-state processes, value-passing processes and mobile processes in particular. Part 4, also three chapters in length, explores several extensions to process algebra including real-time, probability and priority. The four chapters of Part 5 examine non-interleaving process algebras, while Part 6's three chapters address process-algebra tools and applications.

  • Nonlinear Equations and Optimisation

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 4
    • L.T. Watson + 2 más
    • Inglés
    /homepage/sac/cam/na... Set now available at special set price !In one of the papers in this collection, the remark that "nothing at all takes place in the universe in which some rule of maximum of minimum does not appear" is attributed to no less an authority than Euler. Simplifying the syntax a little, we might paraphrase this as Everything is an optimization problem. While this might be something of an overstatement, the element of exaggeration is certainly reduced if we consider the extended form: Everything is an optimization problem or a system of equations. This observation, even if only partly true, stands as a fitting testimonial to the importance of the work covered by this volume.Since the 1960s, much effort has gone into the development and application of numerical algorithms for solving problems in the two areas of optimization and systems of equations. As a result, many different ideas have been proposed for dealing efficiently with (for example) severe nonlinearities and/or very large numbers of variables. Libraries of powerful software now embody the most successful of these ideas, and one objective of this volume is to assist potential users in choosing appropriate software for the problems they need to solve. More generally, however, these collected review articles are intended to provide both researchers and practitioners with snapshots of the 'state-of-the-art' with regard to algorithms for particular classes of problem. These snapshots are meant to have the virtues of immediacy through the inclusion of very recent ideas, but they also have sufficient depth of field to show how ideas have developed and how today's research questions have grown out of previous solution attempts.The most efficient methods for local optimization, both unconstrained and constrained, are still derived from the classical Newton approach.As well as dealing in depth with the various classical, or neo-classical, approaches, the selection of papers on optimization in this volume ensures that newer ideas are also well represented.Solving nonlinear algebraic systems of equations is closely related to optimization. The two are not completely equivalent, however, and usually something is lost in the translation.Algorith... for nonlinear equations can be roughly classified as locally convergent or globally convergent. The characterization is not perfect.Locally convergent algorithms include Newton's method, modern quasi-Newton variants of Newton's method, and trust region methods. All of these approaches are well represented in this volume.

  • Stochastic Processes: Theory and Methods

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 19
    • D N Shanbhag
    • Inglés
    J. Neyman, one of the pioneers in laying the foundations of modern statistical theory, stressed the importance of stochastic processes in a paper written in 1960 in the following terms: Currently in the period of dynamic indeterminism in science, there is hardly a serious piece of research, if treated realistically, does not involve operations on stochastic processes. Arising from the need to solve practical problems, several major advances have taken place in the theory of stochastic processes and their applications. Books by Doob (1953; J. Wiley and Sons), Feller (1957, 1966; J. Wiley and Sons) and Loeve (1960; D. van Nostrand and Col., Inc.) among others, have created growing awareness and interest in the use of stochastic processes in scientific and technological studies.The literature on stochastic processes is very extensive and is distributed in several books and journals.

  • Rudiments of Calculus

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 146
    • A. Arnold + 1 más
    • Inglés
    This book presents what in our opinion constitutes the basis of the theory of the mu-calculus, considered as an algebraic system rather than a logic. We have wished to present the subject in a unified way, and in a form as general as possible. Therefore, our emphasis is on the generality of the fixed-point notation, and on the connections between mu-calculus, games, and automata, which we also explain in an algebraic way. This book should be accessible for graduate or advanced undergraduate students both in mathematics and computer science. We have designed this book especially for researchers and students interested in logic in computer science, comuter aided verification, and general aspects of automata theory. We have aimed at gathering in a single place the fundamental results of the theory, that are currently very scattered in the literature, and often hardly accessible for interested readers. The presentation is self-contained, except for the proof of the Mc-Naughton's Determinization Theorem (see, e.g., [97]. However, we suppose that the reader is already familiar with some basic automata theory and universal algebra. The references, credits, and suggestions for further reading are given at the end of each chapter.

  • The Theory of Fractional Powers of Operators

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 187
    • C. Martinez + 1 más
    • Inglés
    This book makes available to researchers and advanced graduates a simple and direct presentation of the fundamental aspects of the theory of fractional powers of non-negative operators, which have important links with partial differential equations and harmonic analysis. For the first time ever, a book deals with this subject monographically, despite the large number of papers written on it during the second half of the century. The first chapters are concerned with the construction of a basic theory of fractional powers and study the classic questions in that respect. A new and distinct feature is that the approach adopted has allowed the extension of this theory to locally convex spaces, thereby including certain differential operators, which appear naturally in distribution spaces. The bulk of the second part of the book is dedicated to powers with pure imaginary exponents, which have been the focus of research in recent years, ever since the publication in 1987 of the now classic paper by G.Dore and A.Venni. Special care has been taken to give versions of the results with more accurate hypotheses, particularly with respect to the density of the domain or the range of the operator. The authors have made a point of making the text clear and self-contained. Accordingly, an extensive appendix contains the material on real and functional analysis used and, at the end of each chapter there are detailed historical and bibliographical notes in order to understand the development and current state of research into the questions dealt with.

  • Geometry with Trigonometry

    • 1 Edición
    • Patrick D Barry
    • Inglés
    This book addresses a neglected mathematical area where basic geometry underpins undergraduate and graduate courses. Its interdisciplinary portfolio of applications includes computational geometry, differential geometry, mathematical modelling, computer science, computer-aided design of systems in mechanical, structural and other engineering, and architecture. Professor Barry, from his long experience of teaching and research, here delivers a modern and coherent exposition of this subject area for varying levels in mathematics, applied mathematics, engineering mathematics and other areas of application. Euclidean geometry is neglected in university courses or scattered over a number of them. This text emphasises a systematic and complete build-up of material, moving from pure geometrical reasoning aided by algebra to a blend of analytic geometry and vector methods with trigonometry, always with a view to efficiency. The text starts with a selection of material from the essentials of Euclidean geometry at A level, and ends with an introduction to trigonometric functions in calculus.Very many geometric diagrams are provided for a clear understanding of the text, with abundant Problem Exercises for each chapter. Students, researchers and industrial practitioners would benefit from this sustained mathematisation of shapes and magnitude from the real world of science which can raise and help their mathematical awareness and ability.

  • A Matlab Companion for Multivariable Calculus

    • 1 Edición
    • Jeffery Cooper
    • Inglés
    Offering a concise collection of MatLab programs and exercises to accompany a third semester course in multivariable calculus, A MatLab Companion for Multivariable Calculus introduces simple numerical procedures such as numerical differentiation, numerical integration and Newton's method in several variables, thereby allowing students to tackle realistic problems. The many examples show students how to use MatLab effectively and easily in many contexts. Numerous exercises in mathematics and applications areas are presented, graded from routine to more demanding projects requiring some programming. Matlab M-files are provided on the Harcourt/Academic Press web site at http://www.harcourt-...

  • Homology

    The Hierarchical Basis of Comparative Biology
    • 1 Edición
    • Brian K. Hall
    • Inglés
    The application of homology varies depending on the data being examined. This volume represents a state-of-the-art treatment of the different applications of this unifying concept. Chapters deal with homology on all levels, from molecules to behavior, and are authored by leading contributors to systematics, natural history, and evolutionary, developmental, and comparative biology. This paperback reprint of the original hardbound edition continues to commemorate the 150th anniversary of Sir Richard Owen's seminal paper distinguishing homology from analogy.

  • Theory of Relations

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 145
    • R. Fraisse
    • Inglés
    Relation theory originates with Hausdorff (Mengenlehre 1914) and Sierpinski (Nombres transfinis, 1928) with the study of order types, specially among chains = total orders = linear orders. One of its first important problems was partially solved by Dushnik, Miller 1940 who, starting from the chain of reals, obtained an infinite strictly decreasing sequence of chains (of continuum power) with respect to embeddability. In 1948 I conjectured that every strictly decreasing sequence of denumerable chains is finite. This was affirmatively proved by Laver (1968), in the more general case of denumerable unions of scattered chains (ie: which do not embed the chain Q of rationals), by using the barrier and the better orderin gof Nash-Williams (1965 to 68).Another important problem is the extension to posets of classical properties of chains. For instance one easily sees that a chain A is scattered if the chain of inclusion of its initial intervals is itself scattered (6.1.4). Let us again define a scattered poset A by the non-embedding of Q in A. We say that A is finitely free if every antichain restriction of A is finite (antichain = set of mutually incomparable elements of the base). In 1969 Bonnet and Pouzet proved that a poset A is finitely free and scattered iff the ordering of inclusion of initial intervals of A is scattered. In 1981 Pouzet proved the equivalence with the a priori stronger condition that A is topologically scattered: (see 6.7.4; a more general result is due to Mislove 1984); ie: every non-empty set of initial intervals contains an isolated elements for the simple convergence topology.In chapter 9 we begin the general theory of relations, with the notions of local isomorphism, free interpretability and free operator (9.1 to 9.3), which is the relationist version of a free logical formula. This is generalized by the back-and-forth notions in 10.10: the (k,p)-operator is the relationist version of the elementary formula (first order formula with equality).Chapter 12 connects relation theory with permutations: theorem of the increasing number of orbits (Livingstone, Wagner in 12.4). Also in this chapter homogeneity is introduced, then more deeply studied in the Appendix written by Norbert Saucer.Chapter 13 connects relation theory with finite permutation groups; the main notions and results are due to Frasnay. Also mention the extension to relations of adjacent elements, by Hodges, Lachlan, Shelah who by this mean give an exact calculus of the reduction threshold.The book covers almost all present knowledge in Relation Theory, from origins (Hausdorff 1914, Sierpinski 1928) to classical results (Frasnay 1965, Laver 1968, Pouzet 1981) until recent important publications (Abraham, Bonnet 1999).All results are exposed in axiomatic set theory. This allows us, for each statement, to specify if it is proved only from ZF axioms of choice, the continuum hypothesis or only the ultrafilter axiom or the axiom of dependent choice, for instance.

  • Game Theory

    Mathematical Models of Conflict
    • 1 Edición
    • A. J. Jones
    • Inglés
    Written engagingly and with agreeable humour, this book balances a light touch with a rigorous yet economical account of the theory of games and bargaining models. It provides a precise interpretation, discussion and mathematical analysis for a wide range of “game-like” problems in economics, sociology, strategic studies and war.There is first an informal introduction to game theory, which can be understood by non-mathematicians, which covers the basic ideas of extensive form, pure and mixed strategies and the minimax theorem. The general theory of non-cooperative games is then given a detailed mathematical treatment in the second chapter. Next follows a “first class” account of linear programming, theory and practice, terse, rigorous and readable, which is applied as a tool to matrix games and economics from duality theory via the equilibrium theorem, with detailed explanations of computational aspects of the simplex algorithm.The remaining chapters give an unusually comprehensive but concise treatment of cooperative games, an original account of bargaining models, with a skillfully guided tour through the Shapley and Nash solutions for bimatrix games and a carefully illustrated account of finding the best threat strategies.

  • Topological Algebras

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 185
    • V.K. Balachandran
    • Inglés
    This book consists of nine chapters. Chapter 1 is devoted to algebraic preliminaries. Chapter 2 deals with some of the basic definition and results concerning topological groups, topological linear spaces and topological algebras. Chapter 3 considered some generalizations of the norm. Chapter 4 is concerned with a generalization of the notion of convexity called p-convexity. In Chapter 5 some differential and integral analysis involving vector valued functions is developed. Chapter 6 is concerned with spectral analysis and applications. The Gelfand representation theory is the subject-matter of Chapter 7. Chapter 8 deals with commutative topological algebras. Finally in Chapter 9 an exposition of the norm uniqueness theorems of Gelfand and Johnson (extended to p-Banach algebras) is given.

  • From Peirce to Skolem

    A Neglected Chapter in the History of Logic
    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 4
    • Geraldine Brady
    • Inglés
    This book is an account of the important influence on the development of mathematical logic of Charles S. Peirce and his student O.H. Mitchell, through the work of Ernst Schröder, Leopold Löwenheim, and Thoralf Skolem. As far as we know, this book is the first work delineating this line of influence on modern mathematical logic.

  • Handbook of Numerical Analysis

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 7
    • Philippe G. Ciarlet
    • Inglés
    These volumes cover all the major aspects of numerical analysis. This particular volume discusses the solution of equations in Rn, Gaussian elimination, techniques of scientific computer, the analysis of multigrid methods, wavelet methods, and finite volume methods.

  • Multigrid

    • 1 Edición
    • Ulrich Trottenberg + 2 más
    • Inglés
    Multigrid presents both an elementary introduction to multigrid methods for solving partial differential equations and a contemporary survey of advanced multigrid techniques and real-life applications.Multigr... methods are invaluable to researchers in scientific disciplines including physics, chemistry, meteorology, fluid and continuum mechanics, geology, biology, and all engineering disciplines. They are also becoming increasingly important in economics and financial mathematics.Readers are presented with an invaluable summary covering 25 years of practical experience acquired by the multigrid research group at the Germany National Research Center for Information Technology. The book presents both practical and theoretical points of view.

  • A Course in Probability Theory

    • 3 Edición
    • Kai Lai Chung
    • Inglés
    Since the publication of the first edition of this classic textbook over thirty years ago, tens of thousands of students have used A Course in Probability Theory. New in this edition is an introduction to measure theory that expands the market, as this treatment is more consistent with current courses. While there are several books on probability, Chung's book is considered a classic, original work in probability theory due to its elite level of sophistication.

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