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Elsevier

Libros en Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades

  • Labor, Class, and the International System

    • 1 Edición
    • Alejandro Portes + 1 más
    • Charles Tilly + 1 más
    • Inglés
    Labor, Class, and the International System explores the interface between the labor process, class structure, and the global requirements of accumulation as a necessary complement to the analysis of capital and dominant institutions and focus on this interaction to clarify some of the apparent contradictions and bring the general models in line with empirical reality. The book provides analysis of concepts and hypotheses derived from general theory with available empirical knowledge on each particular topic. Each chapter addresses problem areas namely, international migration; pre-capitalist modes of production and the reproduction of the urban labor force; and dominant ideologies of inequality and class structure. Sociologists, political scientists, economists, researchers, and students of international studies will find the book very interesting and insightful.

  • Introduction to Psychology for Medical Students

    • 1 Edición
    • R. R. Hetherington + 2 más
    • Inglés
    Introduction to Psychology for Medical Students deals with general psychology aimed for medical undergraduate students. The book discusses psychology and its relevance to medicine, particularly on the relation of the mind and the treatment of physical diseases. The authors explain perceiving and imagining; and how perception is dependent on past experience or learning, and the effects of motivation and of mood on perception. The authors also discuss abstract and concrete thinking, emotional use of words, unconscious thinking, creative thinking, learning, and remembering. The unconscious process of forgetting of unwelcome memories is repression, while consciously trying to forget them is suppression. The authors also explain normal conflict, frustration, and reaction to stress including the physical aspects of emotions causing increases in blood pressure, in adrenaline flow, or in blood glucose level. The authors also discuss the hypnotic states, individual susceptibility, the induction of hypnotic states, and their clinical applications. This book is intended for medical undergraduate students, as well as to general readers interested in psychology and human behavior.

  • Information Protection Playbook

    • 1 Edición
    • Greg Kane + 1 más
    • Inglés
    The primary goal of the Information Protection Playbook is to serve as a comprehensive resource for information protection (IP) professionals who must provide adequate information security at a reasonable cost. It emphasizes a holistic view of IP: one that protects the applications, systems, and networks that deliver business information from failures of confidentiality, integrity, availability, trust and accountability, and privacy. Using the guidelines provided in the Information Protection Playbook, security and information technology (IT) managers will learn how to implement the five functions of an IP framework: governance, program planning, risk management, incident response management, and program administration. These functions are based on a model promoted by the Information Systems Audit and Control Association (ISACA) and validated by thousands of Certified Information Security Managers. The five functions are further broken down into a series of objectives or milestones to be achieved in order to implement an IP framework. The extensive appendices included at the end of the book make for an excellent resource for the security or IT manager building an IP program from the ground up. They include, for example, a board of directors presentation complete with sample slides; an IP policy document checklist; a risk prioritization procedure matrix, which illustrates how to classify a threat based on a scale of high, medium, and low; a facility management self-assessment questionnaire; and a list of representative job descriptions for roles in IP. The Information Protection Playbook is a part of Elsevier’s Security Executive Council Risk Management Portfolio, a collection of real world solutions and "how-to" guidelines that equip executives, practitioners, and educators with proven information for successful security and risk management programs.

  • Applied Developmental Psychology

    Volume 1
    • 1 Edición
    • Frederick J Morrison + 2 más
    • Inglés
    Applied Developmental Psychology is a collection of papers from different experts in the field of psychology in an attempt to put forth a vision of psychology as a developmental science through its applications in different studies. The book covers topics such as the history, the “applied” perspective, and a research strategy for psychology; rationale for the focus and the status of studying, as well as societal and psychological trends related to studying; and the study of the cognitive process related to watching of television. Also covered are topics such as the development of peer relations in children with autism and the studies of stress-resistant children. The text is recommended to psychologists, especially those who would like to research on how the field can be viewed as a developmental science.

  • Work and the Family

    A Study in Social Demography
    • 1 Edición
    • Valerie Kincade Oppenheimer
    • Inglés
    Work and the Family: A Study in Social Demography reports on the investigation of a variety of economic squeezes hypothesized to be characteristic of postwar American society. One is the lower white-collar squeeze where the attainment of white-collar lifestyle aspirations may be impeded by an income equivalent to that of many manual workers. The others are the two life-cycle squeezes: the squeeze of early adulthood when the desire to set up a household is hampered by the relatively low earnings of young men; and the squeeze of middle adulthood when the cost of children is peaking but increases in the earnings of husbands may be slowing down with regard to those squeezes. The book is organized into four parts. Part I introduces the theoretical model to be used and the major objectives of the research. It also discusses important conceptual and methodological problems involved in life-cycle analysis and the use of occupation as a major analytical tool. Part II examines life-cycle squeezes—structured sources of economic stress arising out of the interaction of family and career cycles. Part III examines the nature of wives' socioeconomic contribution to the family. Part IV essentially sums up the theoretical implications of the analyses conducted in the preceding chapters and represents a more formal theoretical statement of the issues in terms of adaptive family strategies. This study is aimed at the wide audience of demographers, sociologists, economists, and historians who are interested in family socio economic and demographic behavior. It is also intended to appeal to readers at all levels of methodological sophistication—wheth... professionals or graduate students.

  • Strategic Perspectives on Social Policy

    Pergamon International Library of Science, Technology, Engineering and Social Studies
    • 1 Edición
    • John E. Tropman + 2 más
    • Inglés
    Strategic Perspectives on Social Policy is a collection of readings that provide insights into social policy processes, analysis, and implication. The goal is to locate social policy within a context that suggests the possibility of a wider array of choices for the policymakers. The distinction between social policy and social program is given emphasis. This book has 14 chapters divided into four sections. The first section deals with the relation between politics and policy, with emphasis on the link between social science and social policy as well as on the influence of social values on the direction of policy. The next section illustrates some of the critical skills and technologies that may be used to facilitate the process of making choices and decisions. Topics covered include policy research and analysis; the development and structuring of policy; policy purveyance and implementation; and assessment and evaluation of policy. The chapters that follow explore some of the more important contexts of the ""loci"" of social change, along with the kinds of mechanisms that may be used to make choices operational. This monograph is intended for policymakers and others interested in the policy-making process, as well as for students and teachers in the areas of political science, sociology, social work, public policy, and social planning.

  • Genetics, Environment, and Behavior

    Implications for Educational Policy
    • 1 Edición
    • Lee Ehrman + 2 más
    • Inglés
    Genetics, Environment, and Behavior: Implications for Educational Policy is a collection of papers from the "Genetic Endowment and Environment in the Determination of Behavior" workshop in New York in October 1971. The book discusses the relationships between genetic characteristics and behavior as being significant in understanding human behavior and learning. The text also considers the different approaches made by geneticists and psychologists on this subject. Several papers review, in terms of both quantitative and qualitative analysis, the role that genetics and the environment play in determining behavior. One paper explains the possible role of genetic determination in behaviors as found in mice and men that show high probabilities of heritabilities. Another paper tackles biochemical genetics and explains the evolution of human behavior by addressing the enzyme variations in human brains and the role of language and culture. The book also cites gene-environment interactions and the variability that can be found in behavior with references to the works of Ginsburg (1967) and Vale and Vale (1969). One paper comments on the future of human behavior genetics, highlighting the distinction between what should happen and what most probably will happen. This text is suitable for sociologists, behavioral scientists, geneticists, educators, and students in psychology, psychiatry, and related branches of medicine.

  • On Life and Sex

    Essays of Love & Virtue
    • 1 Edición
    • Havelock Ellis
    • Inglés
    On Life and Sex: Essays of Love and Virtue discusses the fundamental principles and practical application of love and virtue. This book contains two volume encompassing 16 chapters. The first volume deals first with the role of parents and grandparents in educating the children concerning love, sex, marriage, and virtues. This part also highlights marriage, the roles of husband and wife, and the play-function of sex. The second volume tackles topics such as family, taboos, obscenity, eugenics, and population control.

  • Fundamentals of Organizational Behavior

    An Applied Perspective
    • 2 Edición
    • Andrew J. DuBrin
    • Inglés
    Fundamentals of Organizational Behavior: An Applied Perspective, Second Edition examines the behavior of people in organizations. Topics covered range from political maneuvering in organizations (office politics) to the stresses facing people in managerial and professional positions. A conceptual framework for organizational behavior is presented, along with numerous case illustrations and examples from live organizational settings. This monograph consists of 14 chapters and opens with an introduction to organizational behavior and how it is influenced by principles of human behavior. The three main subareas or schools of management thought are discussed, together with the difference between knowledge work and non-knowledge work; how research and theory contribute to an understanding of organizational behavior; and the distinction between structure and process. The following chapters explore how the meaning of work relates to work motivation, as well as the link between work motivation and job performance; behavioral aspects of decision making; stresses in managerial and professional life; and political maneuvering in organizations. Small group behavior, leadership styles, and interpersonal communications are also considered, along with intergroup conflict and organizational effectiveness. This book will be of interest to students, managers, and staff specialists, as well as behavioral scientists and management theorists.

  • Feelings and Emotions

    The Loyola Symposium
    • 1 Edición
    • Magda B. Arnold
    • Inglés
    Feelings and Emotions: The Loyola Symposium covers knowledge in the field of emotion. The book discusses the theories of emotions based on biological considerations; the neural and physiological correlates of feeling and emotion; and cognitive theories of feeling and emotion. The text also describes the psychological approaches to the study of emotion; the mood theory and measurement; as well as the developments related to the search for significant relations between private events and both behavioral and physiological events. The role of feelings and emotions in personality is also encompassed. Psychologists, physiologists, anthropologists, sociologists, biochemists, psychiatrists, and students taking psychology courses will find the book useful.

  • Social Networks

    A Developing Paradigm
    • 1 Edición
    • Samuel Leinhardt
    • Inglés
    Social Networks: A Developing Paradigm contains studies of the nature and impact of social structure on behavior. It draws together readings from a variety of social science areas that share the basic premise that structure in social relationships can be fruitfully operationalized in terms of networks. It attempts to bring together classic works that opened new research areas and works that contain important statements of perspective, method, or empirical findings. The book is organized into four parts. Part I focuses on the cognitive organization of social relations and the effects of local social structure on individuals. In Part II the authors consider networks of ties in large social agglomerations, and treat a variety of different types of social relationships. The emphasis here is on empirical studies. Specific extant social networks are investigated to test a variety of structural hypotheses. Part III contains studies that address issues more common among social anthropologists than sociologists or social psychologists. The chapters in Part IV, while occasionally containing applications, are primarily methodological. These discuss mathematical and statistical ideas for modeling and analyzing social networks.

  • Managing Extreme Financial Risk

    Strategies and Tactics for Going Concerns
    • 1 Edición
    • Karamjeet Paul
    • Inglés
    Managing Extreme Financial Risk addresses the need for better management strategies in light of increased market risk and volatility in financial institutions' revenue models. Top officials from the financial and regulatory industries point to real corporate issues, showing how institutions react to financial crises. From first-hand experiences, they explain how effective sustainability management does not just prevent being blindsided; it also leads to proactive solutions that enhance an institution's strength to weather a sudden financial crisis, add significant shareholder value, and reduce systemic risk. Readable, coherent, and logical, Managing Extreme Financial Risk shows how extreme risk needs to be handled when the cost of being wrong means the difference between life and death of the institution.

  • Data Stewardship

    An Actionable Guide to Effective Data Management and Data Governance
    • 1 Edición
    • David Plotkin
    • Inglés
    Data stewards in business and IT are the backbone of a successful data governance implementation because they do the work to make a company’s data trusted, dependable, and high quality. Data Stewardship explains everything you need to know to successfully implement the stewardship portion of data governance, including how to organize, train, and work with data stewards, get high-quality business definitions and other metadata, and perform the day-to-day tasks using a minimum of the steward’s time and effort. David Plotkin has loaded this book with practical advice on stewardship so you can get right to work, have early successes, and measure and communicate those successes, gaining more support for this critical effort.

  • Handbook of the Economics of Art and Culture

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 2
    • Victor A. Ginsburgh + 1 más
    • Inglés
    This volume emphasizes the economic aspects of art and culture, a relatively new field that poses inherent problems for economics, with its quantitative concepts and tools. Building bridges across disciplines such as management, art history, art philosophy, sociology, and law, editors Victor Ginsburgh and David Throsby assemble chapters that yield new perspectives on the supply and demand for artistic services, the contribution of the arts sector to the economy, and the roles that public policies play. With its focus on culture rather than the arts, Ginsburgh and Throsby bring new clarity and definition to this rapidly growing area.

  • The Logic of Explanation in Psychoanalysis

    • 1 Edición
    • Michael Sherwood
    • Inglés
    The Logic of Explanation in Psychoanalysis is this is the first full-length study of a single case history written by a practicing psychiatrist from the standpoint of the philosophy of science. This book is a contribution to the growing dialogue between philosophers of science and psychiatrists. It ranges in scope from highly technical linguistic issues to problems concerning Freud's early theory of psychosexual development. The study's primary appeal will be, on the one hand, to those philosophers interested in logical problems in the behavioral sciences and, on the other, to those psychiatrists and psychoanalysts who are not content simply to worry about the very real difficulties of psychotherapy, but who also feel obliged to concern themselves with the scientific status of a psychodynamically oriented theory of human behavior. However, the importance and contemporary relevance of such an interdisciplinary approach will be apparent to a far wider audience. Therefore, an attempt has been made to present the material in a manner both appealing and comprehensible to readers who may lack the specialized knowledge required of either the philosopher or the psychiatrist. In so doing it is hoped that an even wider based dialogue can be established.

  • Groups in Contact

    The Psychology of Desegregation
    • 1 Edición
    • Norman S. Miller + 1 más
    • Inglés
    Groups in Contact: The Psychology of Desegregation uses the contact hypothesis as a point of departure and provides new data obtained in a variety of social contexts. The contact hypothesis states that attitudes toward a disliked social group will become more positive with increased interpersonal interaction. The various chapters provide a picture of the desegregation process as a complex interplay between the cognitive processes within the individual and the structural features of the social environment. What emerges is an expanded theory of contact based on social categorization and social comparison processes. The book is organized into three parts. The chapters in Part I deal with issues of intergroup contact in a wide range of cultures and settings, each focusing on a particular social or political factor that influences receptivity to intergroup interaction and affects its outcomes. The chapters in Part II review the effects of specific interventions that have been introduced into desegregation settings with the intent of improving intergroup acceptance in those settings. Part III provides a systematic integration of the preceding chapters within a common theoretical framework. Although this book is written primarily from the perspective of social psychology, it is intended for students of intergroup relations in all disciplines. It was also written with policymakers, as well as social science researchers, in mind.

  • Psychology

    Theoretical–Historical Perspectives
    • 1 Edición
    • R. W. Rieber + 1 más
    • Inglés
    Psychology: Theoretical-Historic... Perspectives offers analysis, provided by different contributors, of the theoretical traditions in psychology. The compilation provides articles that discuss topics on the influences in the development of American psychology; the development of the concept of the self in psychology; the groundwork for psychology before the Civil War; and the influence of Darwin's evolutionary theories on psychology. Psychologists and students will find the book invaluable.

  • Deviancy

    The Psychology of Being Different
    • 1 Edición
    • Jonathan L. Freedman + 1 más
    • Leon Festinger + 1 más
    • Inglés
    Deviancy: The Psychology of Being Different discusses the effects of deviancy on behavior. The book describes the effect of deviancy per se, in no reference to any particular deviant characteristic. The authors explain the methods they used in this study, as well as some checks made on the study to insure accuracy. Deviants prefer to associate with others of their kind due to fear of rejection, and they tended not to reveal their deviancy. The authors also discuss how deviants and non-deviants react and treat each other, and the degree of aggression that will be shown to a member of either group when some "fault" is assigned. They also note that 1) non-deviants choose deviants for punishment but not for reward and 2) deviants choose others like them for reward but not for punishment. The authors also show that as regards to a change in attitude, deviants are no different from non-deviants in this aspect. They also report other findings such as conformity (deviants conform less compared to non-deviants), attitude change (no effect), and compliance (depends on the circumstances). The text can prove useful for psychologists, counselors, educators, ministers, and social workers.

  • The Concept of Schizophrenia

    • 1 Edición
    • W. F. McAuley
    • Inglés
    The Concept of Schizophrenia considers the historical background, evolution, and genetic and environmental aspects of schizophrenia. This book is composed of eight chapters, and begins with a description of the dynamic concept of schizophrenia. The next chapters examine the role of heredity, and social and environmental conditions on human personality. The remaining chapters discuss the neurophysiology, metabolism, diagnosis, and treatment options of this condition. This book will be of value to neurologists, psychologists, psychiatrists, and general practitioners.

  • Sensory Restriction

    Effects on Behavior
    • 1 Edición
    • Duane P. Schultz
    • Inglés
    Sensory Restriction: Effects on Behavior focuses on the presentation of experimental findings on sensory deprivation and their connection to behavior. The book first offers information on the theoretical framework and physiological effects of sensory restriction. Discussions focus on arousal and the reticular activating system; cortical arousal as a function of level of stimulus variation; possible basis for individual differences in level of arousal; galvanic skin response; biological changes; and other physiological findings. The manuscript also ponders on perceptual and motor effects, affective changes, and differences in tolerance for sensory restriction. Topics include sensory restriction research, therapeutic effects of sensory restriction, and tolerance as a function of need for stimulation. The text also ponders on the effects of social isolation, including individual and small group social isolation. The book is a valuable source of data for readers interested on the effects of sensory restriction on behavior.

  • Homosexual Behaviour

    Therapy and Assessment
    • 1 Edición
    • M. P. Feldman + 1 más
    • H. J. Eysenck
    • Inglés
    Homosexual Behavior: Therapy and Assessment explores the extent to which principles derived from the experimental psychology of learning could be applied to the treatment of a variety of behaviors. This book provides a variety of sources of evidence to account for the development and maintenance of homosexual behavior treatment. Organized into eight chapters, this book begins with an overview of the comparisons made in the treatment of sexual deviations. This text then examines the application of learning techniques to the treatment of sexual deviations. Other chapters consider the results of the treatment by aversion therapy on a series of 43 homosexual patients. This book discusses as well assessment of changes in sexual orientation during the course of treatment, which is one of the problems in the treatment of homosexuality. The final chapter deals with the association between homosexual type and success in response to avoidance learning. This book is a valuable resource for psychotherapists, clinical psychologists, and clinical psychiatrists.

  • Land Reform in Mexico: 1910—1980

    • 1 Edición
    • Susan R. Walsh Sanderson
    • Charles Tilly + 1 más
    • Inglés
    Land Reform in Mexico: 1910–1980 presents the workings of the Mexican government by analyzing actual policies, their implementation, and their outcomes in a significant and central sector of the Mexican economy, agriculture. This book discusses the pattern of Mexican redistribution policy in agriculture over an extensive period of time, with emphasis on the causes and effects of these policy shifts. Organized into eight chapters, this book begins with an overview of the agricultural policy and modernization strategy of Mexico. This text then relates regional variations in the rural social structure of the late 19th century to the history of Mexico's unique agricultural policy. Other chapters consider the policy shifts reflected in agrarian legislation by presidential period. This book discusses as well the politics of land reform and its linkages to local, state, and national administrations. The final chapter deals with the status of agricultural policy in Mexico during the 1980s. This book is a valuable resource for scholar and students with interest in Mexican politics.

  • The Balance of Payments Adjustment Process in Developing Countries

    Pergamon Policy Studies on Socio-Economic Development
    • 1 Edición
    • Sidney Dell + 1 más
    • Inglés
    The Balance of Payments Adjustment Process in Developing Countries deals with the manner in which the burden of adjustment to balance of payments disequilibrium in the 1970s was distributed between developed and developing countries. The book discusses the evidence on changes in the volume of trade; the evidence on price changes and their effects on the accounts of various groups of countries; and the general considerations regarding the character of the deficits of developing countries. The text also describes the mechanisms through which external disturbances are transmitted to the domestic economy, as well as certain questions relating to the financing of the deficits of developing countries. The changes in the world economy; the ways in which changes in the world economy affected the external accounts of the countries; and the effects of changes in the external accounts on developments in the domestic economy are also considered. The book further tackles the policy measures adopted to counter the deterioration in external balance and in growth performance and prospects; as well as the main issues that arise in the course of the adjustment process, at both national and international levels.

  • Influencing Enterprise Risk Mitigation

    • 2 Edición
    • Francis J. D'Addario
    • Inglés
    In Influencing Enterprise Risk Mitigation, author Francis J. D’Addario draws on his many years of impressive security experience to describe business risk prevention and mitigation strategies. D’Addario, former security manager at Starbucks, Hardee’s, and Jerrico, shares stories of risk mitigation successes and failures—including natural disasters, a triple murder, and multimillion dollar fraud schemes—to help explain the need for an all-hazard risk mitigation approach. In this book, the author discusses the psychology of security, the geography of risk, and baseline identity authentication and access control measures. He also talks through the steps for making security a priority for the business, estimating return on investment for security services, and leveraging data to learn from the mistakes and successes of those who came before us. The ability to quantify the benefits of risk mitigation will influence business investment in prevention and response preparedness. Influencing Enterprise Risk Mitigation teaches us that both hazards and mitigation opportunities in the enterprise start at the individual and community level, and that recovery from a catastrophe hinges on individual and community resiliency. Influencing Enterprise Risk Mitigation is a part of Elsevier’s Security Executive Council Risk Management Portfolio, a collection of real world solutions and "how-to" guidelines that equip executives, practitioners, and educators with proven information for successful security and risk management programs.

  • Reinforcement and Behavior

    • 1 Edición
    • Jack T. Tapp
    • Inglés
    Reinforcement and Behavior brings together research findings and views of a number of investigators on the principles of learning and reinforcement. Their work has challenged the more traditional interpretations of the nature of the reinforcement process. Within the book, the chapters are organized from a molar level of analysis to a molecular one, not only to reflect the diversity of strategies that are being brought to bear on the problem, but also to show that the research on the nature of reinforcement transcends lines of scientific disciplines and that many different levels of analysis contribute to our understanding of the phenomenon. The first and last chapters give historical perspective to the remainder of the book by reviewing the contributions of a number of individuals who have dealt with the problem in their own work and by pointing out some of the major issues on the molar level that are still unresolved. The remaining chapters can be roughly divided into two categories. One examines the consequences of rewards on behavior in order to specify the limits of their operations and the variables which predispose organisms to be responsive to the consequences of rewards. The other deals with the neural mechanisms which underlie reinforcement and learning.

  • Developmental Follow-Up

    Concepts, Domains, and Methods
    • 1 Edición
    • Sarah L. Friedman + 1 más
    • Inglés
    Developmental Follow-Up: Concepts, Domains, and Methods is a compendium of papers that deals with developmental follow-up research, follow-up studies, criterion assessment variables and instruments, as well as analyses of developmental data. The book discusses the historical, theoretical, and methodological considerations in developmental follow-up strategies. Some papers review the history of developmental follow-up research from the early 1920s to the late 1980s, with some insights into future-oriented themes. The book also cites as an example the study of the effects of prenatal alcohol exposure on child development. Other papers address health surveillance and child development, including early cognitive development and the contribution of peer interaction. Some papers consider the experimental design and data analysis such as those concerning planning for follow-up studies that will involve finances, time and resources, as well as the career impact for the investigator. Another paper reviews the significance of the time when children in the United States received a significant amount of care from someone who was not their mother. The book also discusses the role of the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development propelled by societal change in a postindustrial age. The text can prove valuable for psychologists, developmental scientists, social workers, and practitioners involved in human behavioral sciences and policy studies.

  • Negotiation Behavior

    • 1 Edición
    • Dean G. Pruitt
    • Peter Warr
    • Inglés
    Negotiation Behavior is a theoretical synthesis of what is known about negotiation as a general phenomenon. The principles presented are illustrated with examples of negotiation from many specific realms. A great deal of attention is devoted to the motives, perceptions, and other microprocesses underlying the behavior of negotiators and to the results of laboratory experiments on negotiation. Comprised of seven chapters, this book begins by defining negotiation and contrasting it with other forms of multiparty decision making, along with its significance and the nature of research on the subject. Two fundamental theoretical notions are presented: the strategic choice model and the goal/expectation hypothesis. Subsequent chapters focus on where bargainers place their demands as well as the strategies they use to foster their interests while moving toward agreement. The reader is introduced to key concepts such as demand level and concession rate, competitive tactics, and coordinative behavior, together with integrative agreements and third-party intervention in negotiation (mediation and arbitration). This monograph will be of value to practitioners in the fields of organizational and occupational psychology, social psychology, economics, industrial relations, and international relations.

  • The Women's Liberation Movement

    Europe and North America
    • 1 Edición
    • Jan Bradshaw
    • Inglés
    The Women's Liberation Movement: Europe and North America is a collection of articles that tackle various issues concerning the Women's Liberation Movement in Europe and North America. Consists of nine chapters, the book covers the feminist movement in a specific geographical region, specifically the Netherlands, France, Germany, Italy, Spain, Portugal, and North America. The book will be of great interest to readers concerned with the condition of feminist movement in Western countries.

  • Advances in the Study of Aggression

    Volume 2
    • 1 Edición
    • Robert J. Blanchard + 1 más
    • Inglés
    Advances in the Study of Aggression, Volume 2 is a compendium of papers that discusses application of techniques and programs to human problems of aggression control. Papers evaluate interactive variables and phenomena in aggressive behavior: namely, the behavior of victims and perpetrators; the experience of the aggressive person before and after the aggressive event; pharmacological agents such as alcohol; and limitations on access to social opportunities for these same persons. A significant commonality of these papers is their recognition of the importance cognitive factors play in the control of aggression. One paper argues that a variety of emotional, physiological, situational, social, and cognitive antecedents regulate the expression of aggressive behavior. Another paper explains that in using punishment techniques, which can effectively control aggression, the inherent problems should be balanced against the benefits to victims, to the aggressor, and to society. One paper reviews studies that have examined the impact of television violence on children, as well as the attitude program designed by Huesmann et al. (1983) to mitigate these effects. The paper points out that though programs designed to mitigate the effects of sexual violence on young adults can be worthwhile, waiting until late adolescence or early adulthood is already waiting too long. The compendium can prove valuable for police administrators, criminologists, counselors, psychologists, lawyers, social workers, and parents of young and adolescent children.

  • Background to the English Civil War

    The Commonwealth and International Library: History Division
    • 1 Edición
    • Frank W. Jessup
    • G. M. D. Howat
    • Inglés
    Background to the English Civil War is a collection of literature that attempts to address various queries about the English civil war. The book is comprised 13 chapters that cover various concerns in the conflict. The text first covers the arrival of the Stuarts, and then proceeds to present materials about Charles I. Chapter 3 tackles the growing tension between the king and the population. The next chapter deals with early stages of the war. Next, the book details the execution of Charles I, the battle that comes after, and the eventual restoration of the Stuarts. The selection will be of great use to readers who have a keen interest in English history.

  • Population: Un Choix International

    Approche Multilatérale au Problème Démographique
    • 1 Edición
    • Rafael M. Salas
    • Inglés

  • Psychoprophylactic Preparation for Painless Childbirth

    • 1 Edición
    • Isidore Bonstein
    • Inglés
    Psychoprophylactic Preparation for Painless Chidlbirth covers the principles and physiological aspects of painless childbirth through psychoprophylactic technique. Painless childbirth by the psychoprophylactic method is the result of a psychical education of the pregnant woman, during the last weeks of pregnancy. This book is composed of 13 chapters, and begins with an introduction to the psycho-physiology of the brain and its role in childbirth, as well as the pain in childbirth. The succeeding chapter outlines the course of eight lectures presented at the psychoprophylactic preparation seminar. These lectures are followed by discussions on material requisites and the directions for labor and delivery. A chapter highlights the very important role of the husband in the psychoprophylactic method. This chapter also outlines eight lectures for husbands. The concluding chapters survey the three methods to evaluate painless childbirth, including the clinical observations of the general behavior and neuro-vegative changes of the parturient, as well as the testimony of the parturient herself. This book will prove useful to obstetrics, neuro-surgeons, gynecologists, and odontologists.

  • Sensory Processes at the Neuronal and Behavioral Levels

    • 1 Edición
    • G. V. Gersuni
    • Inglés
    Sensory Processes at the Neuronal and Behavioral Levels is a collection of papers dealing with problems of functional organization of the visual and auditory systems. One paper points out that neurophysiological and psychophysiological research in vision can be combined. The paper compares the cat's contrast stimulation by Hermann's grid that elicits neuronal responses of cells with concentric and simple fields as being similar to the subjective vision in man. Another paper addresses the sources of information in the perception of visual spatial relations. For example, eye movements as the source of information about visual spatial relations are refuted. The visual system already estimates accurately the spatial properties of an object before the onset of eye movements. Another paper discusses certain concepts about the mechanisms of the auditory system. One paper presents the results of an experiment involving some adult cats. They were lightly anesthetized and their responses were recorded when the inferior colliculus, or the left and right auditory cortex were stimulated electrically. Another paper analyzes the mechanism used by insect in recognizing species-specific songs. This book is suitable for neurophysiologists, neurochemists, and researchers dealing with physiological acoustics and the psychophysics of the visual system.

  • Economic Policy and the Great Stagflation

    • 1 Edición
    • Alan S. Blinder
    • Inglés
    Economic Policy and the Great Stagflation discusses the national economic policy and economics as a policy-oriented science. This book summarizes what economists do and do not know about the inflation and recession that affected the U.S. economy during the years of the Great Stagflation in the mid-1970s. The topics discussed include the basic concepts of stagflation, turbulent economic history of 1971-1976, anatomy of the great recession and inflation, and legacy of the Great Stagflation. The relation of wage-price controls, fiscal policy, and monetary policy to the Great Stagflation is also elaborated. This publication is beneficial to economists and students researching on the history of the Great Stagflation and policy errors of the 1970s.

  • Lifestyle and Social Structure

    Concepts, Definitions, Analyses
    • 1 Edición
    • Michael E. Sobel
    • Peter H. Rossi
    • Inglés
    Lifestyle and Social Structure: Concepts, Definitions, Analyses is devoted the relationship between lifestyle and social structure. The book begins by constructing a meaningful concept of lifestyle in order to understand and model this relationship. The general formulation of the concept hinges on the descriptive word style, defined as ""any distinctive, and therefore recognizable way in which an act is performed or an artifact made or ought to be performed and made."" After developing the implications of the definition, lifestyle is defined, by analogy, as ""any distinctive, and therefore recognizable mode of living."" The notion of social structure is then introduced, arguing that structural differentiation engenders lifestyle differentiation. The remainder of the work is concerned primarily with the modeling of this relationship using data from the 1972-1973 Survey of Consumer Expenditures, and with the concept of stylistic unity. Key topics discussed include the relationship between the theory of lifestyle differentiation and modern economic utility theory; psychographic notions of lifestyle; and the relationships between lifestyle and other key sociological concepts (stratification, alienation). The concept of lifestyle should be of interest to a broad range of applied and theoretical researchers.

  • The Abilities and Achievements of Orientals in North America

    • 1 Edición
    • Philip E. Vernon
    • David T. Lykken
    • Inglés
    The Abilities and Achievements of Orientals in North America is concerned with the study of the abilities, achievements, and personality characteristics of oriental immigrants and their descendants in North America. The book attempts to set a correlation between the cultural background from which the immigrants came and their history in North America, and to discover the implications for psychological theory. The text contains discussions on the problems of heredity, environment, and acculturation; racial and ethnic differences; and a comparison of biological, environmental and cultural differences between orientals and occidentals. Sociologists, psychologists, ethnologists, historians, and people who wish to study oriental character traits will find the book very insightful.

  • Positive Social Behavior and Morality

    Social and Personal Influences
    • 1 Edición
    • Ervin Staub
    • Inglés
    Positive Social Behavior and Morality: Social and Personal Influences, Volume I presents the broad range of influences that encourage or inhibit people to behave positively towards others and how varied forms of positive behavior are determined. The book examines the various aspects of positive social behavior. It starts by providing the definition, significance, and relationship of positive or prosocial behavior to morality. Topics on why people behave prosocially; the determinants of people helping other people in physical distress; effects of harm doing on prosocial behavior; the limitations of current methods; the goals for future study in the field of prosocial behavior; and a theoretical model for predicting prosocial behavior are presented as well. Psychologists, sociologists, researchers, and students in the field of sociology and psychology will find this book interesting.

  • Pattern Recognition by Humans and Machines

    Speech Perception
    • 1 Edición
    • Eileen C. Schwab + 1 más
    • Inglés
    Pattern Recognition by Humans and Machines, Volume 1: Speech Perception covers perception from the perspectives of cognitive psychology, artificial intelligence, and brain theory. The book discusses on the research, theory, and the principal issues of speech perception; the auditory and phonetic coding of speech; and the role of the lexicon in speech perception. The text also describes the role of attention and active processing in speech perception; the suprasegmental in very large vocabulary word recognition; and the adaptive self-organization of serial order in behavior. The cognitive science and the study of cognition and language are also considered. Psychologists will find the book invaluable.

  • Communication in Development

    • 1 Edición
    • W. P. Robinson
    • Inglés
    Communication in Development is composed of papers derived from two sources. An International Conference on Social Psychology and Language was held in Bristol in July 1979. Considerations of space rather than merit prevented some of the papers, given in supplementary sessions on language development, from being published in the proceedings. These papers are published in this volume. Also included are recent and hitherto unpublished papers from European researchers working in the field of language and cognitive development. The contents of this volume range from the early non-verbal communication to the emergence of the child's understanding about referential communication, and to between and within socio-economic status differences in maternal and child behavior. The kinds of verbal and non-verbal experience that promote intellectual development are considered within the frames of both observed changes within children and cross-sectional studies of individual differences in mother-child interaction. The idea that the child's performance is context sensitive is one of the general ideas that has been taken increasingly into account. Two chapters pay close attention to this issue; both treat it as a challenge to experimental and theoretical ingenuity, recognizing that the child is an active participant in situations where he is observed and that the challenge is to divine the principles regulating the child's behavior.

  • The Psychology of Human Memory

    • 1 Edición
    • Arthur Wingfield + 1 más
    • Inglés
    The Psychology of Human Memory presents a comprehensive discussion on the principles of human memory. The book is primarily concerned with theories and experiments on the acquisition and use of information. Topics on theoretical ideas that formed the basis for the earliest studies of memory; memory processes; aspects of association theory; capacity limitations; coding processes; types of memories; and applied memory research are also tackled. Psychologists, educators, psychiatrists, and students will find the book a good reference material.

  • Organizational Effectiveness

    A Comparison of Multiple Models
    • 1 Edición
    • Kim S. Cameron + 1 más
    • Inglés
    Organizational Effectiveness: A Comparison of Multiple Models directly addresses the issues of non-integration and non-comparability. This book not only provides well thought out approaches to effectiveness as a construct, but also practical suggestions for improving effectiveness in organizations. A set of integrating questions that raise theoretical, conceptual, empirical, research, practical, and managerial issues are also included. This text likewise compares and contrasts theoretical and philosophical roots of a particular perspective with other perspectives. This publication is intended for scholars and researchers seeking to understand and measure organizational effectiveness, as well as practitioners who are faced with the problem of managing and improving their own organization's effectiveness.

  • Instructional Practices

    • 1 Edición
    • D. L. Forrest-Pressley + 2 más
    • Inglés
    Metacognition, Cognition, and Human Performance, Volume 2: Instructional Practices is a collection of papers that deals with applied settings that develop and test instructional programs in the field of education. The book discusses some insights in understanding the processes involved in writing and reading. The text defines metacognition — as a mental function and the directing of this function — and reading, as well as the structure of narratives. One paper proposes a model for cognitive monitoring and early reading by developing for children three knowledge domains: function of print, form of print, and conventions of print or metacognitive constructs. Other papers analyze metacognition, instruction, the role of questioning activities, as well as the connection between metacognition and learning disabilities. One author evaluates a different perspective whether attention-related difficulties are a normal development in a young child or a disability in the older child. This author also explains meta-attention pertaining to task solving, selective attention to other stimuli, and visual search of the surrounding or for a target object. One research shows that methodologies designed to induce underachieving children to regulate their own academic behavior can improve their performance. The text can prove useful to child psychologists, behavioral scientists, and students and professors in child education.

  • The Psychology of Private Events

    Perspectives on Covert Response Systems
    • 1 Edición
    • Alfred Jacobs + 1 más
    • Inglés
    The Psychology of Private Events: Perspectives on Covert Response Systems provides evidence that the assessment and manipulation of private events such as thoughts, feelings, and images facilitates the prediction and control of human behavior. The individual contributions represent a variety of approaches to theorizing and research into private events, and to the clinical applications or potential applications which have been generated by such study. The authors have addressed themselves in creative and ingenious ways to such diverse topics as creating resistance to temptation; developing feelings of attraction to appropriate sex objects; training people to experience less pain; and having mental hospital patients practice being happier. This book will be of primary interest to students and teachers of psychology, particularly those interested in behaviorally oriented clinical research and practice. Other professionals and teachers in the social sciences may also find it useful to become aware of the newer trends in psychology.

  • Psychological Processes in Pattern Recognition

    • 1 Edición
    • Stephen K. Reed
    • E. C. Carterette + 1 más
    • Inglés
    Psychological Processes in Pattern Recognition describes information-processi... models of pattern recognition. This book is organized into five parts encompassing 11 chapters that particularly focus on visual pattern recognition and the many issues relevant to a more general theory of pattern recognition. The first three parts cover the representation, temporal effects, and memory codes of pattern recognition. These parts include the features, templates, schemata, and structural descriptions of information processing models. The principles of parallel matching, iconic storage, and the components and networks of memory codes are also considered. The remaining two parts look into the perceptual classification and response selection of pattern recognition. These parts specifically tackle the development of probability, distance, and recognition models. This book is intended primarily for psychologists, graduate students, and researchers who are interested in the problems of pattern recognition and human information processing.

  • Social Exchange in Developing Relationships

    • 1 Edición
    • Robert L. Burgess + 1 más
    • Inglés
    Social Exchange in Developing Relationships is a collection of papers that deals with the systematic study of the development of relationships. The papers discuss several theoretical perspectives, such as evolutionary theory, personality theory, cognitive developmental theory, equity theory, role theory, and attribution theory. One paper discusses romantic relationships—the evolution of first acquaintance to close or intimate commitment. Another paper presents the hypothesis that the factors causing a relationship to begin will also probably steer intermediate cognitive processes, eventually influencing the nature of the relationship. Commitment requires specific concepts such as input levels contributed to the relationship, duration of these inputs, and their consistency of occurrence. The equity theory suggests that equity principles determine the selection of one's mate and how they (the partners) will get along in the future. One paper analyzes the dynamic theories of social relationships and the resulting research strategies: that the conceptualization of a parameter of a social relationship can affect the choice of data collection techniques and other matters. Sociologists, psychologists, historians, students, and academicians doing sociological research, can benefit greatly from this collection.

  • Inequality in American Communities

    • 1 Edición
    • Richard F. Curtis + 1 más
    • Peter H. Rossi
    • Inglés
    Inequality in American Communities is an empirical study of inequality in U.S. communities and its impact on individual Americans. The data for this study come from sample surveys in six American cities differing in size and region. In each survey, male heads of households were asked about attributes that ranked them in the system of inequality and about a variety of attitudes and behaviors that might be affected by their ranks. The analyses seek to determine how social rank affects various attitudes and behaviors and compare these effects from community to community. Comprised of 12 chapters, this book begins with an overview of theoretical assumptions about community stratification, with particular reference to how a person's life is shaped by his position in a local structure of inequality. The discussion then turns to patterns of social stratification in six cities: Columbus (Ohio), Linton and Indianapolis (Indiana), and Yuma, Safford, and Phoenix (Arizona). The distributions of various rank variables, such as income and education, in these cities are described, along with the ways in which they are related to form systems of inequality. A basic model of the processes of stratification is also presented. The remaining chapters explore the consequences of social rank and cover topics ranging from social participation and political ideology to anomia and intolerance. This monograph will be of interest to sociologists.

  • Social Experimentation

    a Method for Planning and Evaluating Social Intervention
    • 1 Edición
    • Henry W. Riecken + 1 más
    • Inglés
    Social Experimentation: A Method for Planning and Evaluating Social Intervention summarizes the available knowledge about how randomized experiments might be used in planning and evaluating ameliorative social programs. The book presents various aspects of social experimentation - design, measurement, execution, sponsorship, and utilization of results. Chapters are devoted to topics on experimentation as a method of program planning and evaluation; experimental design and analysis; institutional and political factors in social experimentation; and aspects of time and institutional capacity. Sociologists will find the book a valuable piece of reference.

  • Psychiatric Emergencies and the Law

    The Impact of the Mental Health Act (1959)
    • 1 Edición
    • F. E. Kenyon
    • Inglés
    Psychiatric Emergencies and the Law: The Impact of the Mental Health Act (1959) presents the changes made before and after the implementation of the Mental Health Act of 1959. It discusses the procedures for admitting patients with mental disorder. It addresses the practical implications of such policy in the administration of psychiatric hospitals serving the City. Some of the topics covered in the book are the Lunacy Act of 1890 and 1845; the main provisions of the Mental Health Act of 1959; method of investigation; source of referral by legal status; legal status on admission; psychiatric history; readmission rate; and legal status of transfers to mental hospitals. Types of admission such as the informal admission, emergency admission, and police admission are fully covered. The admission of adolescent, geriatric, alcoholic, drug addict, and psychopathic patients are discussed in detail. The text describes in depth the subnormals, schizophrenics, and manic-depressives. The number of deaths in the psychiatric ward is presented completely. A chapter is devoted to the analysis of the statistical data on the number of patient base on gender, age, nationality, and social status. The book can provide useful information to psychologists, doctors, students, and researchers.

  • Labor Supply and Public Policy

    A Critical Review
    • 1 Edición
    • Michael C. Keeley
    • Inglés
    Labor Supply and Public Policy: A Critical Review deals with the theoretical and empirical econometric research done on the determinants of labor supply and with the effects of public policies on labor supply. This book reviews the various estimates made from studies concerning the economics of labor supply and evaluates the econometric methods that these studies have used. This text also analyzes the labor-supply phenomena, the costs of the different public programs, as well as, the implications of the empirical findings of these studies. The emphasis is on empirical research: many policies that are made depend on the scale of changes in the wage rates and non-market (household) income on hours of work. This book also focuses more on the determinants of the allocation of time between the market and household sectors. The text notes that by using the means of the estimates in the different studies under review, the labor-supply response to public policies involving net wages or income, shows a substantial (but not overwhelming) reaction. This book then correlates this finding with the tax and transfer programs, such as food stamps, unemployment insurance, AFDC (aid to families with dependent children), and NIT (negative income tax). This book is suitable for economists, social workers, and policy makers who are involved in social services, community development, welfare, taxation, labor, and employment.

  • Last Resorts

    Emergency Assistance and Special Needs Programs in Public Welfare
    • 1 Edición
    • Joel F. Handler + 1 más
    • Inglés
    Last Resorts: Emergency Assistance and Special Needs Programs in Public Welfare studies the implementation of emergencies and special needs programs in the United States welfare system. The book examines the balance that is reached between individualized and standardized treatment to meet emergencies and special needs, two simultaneously occurring countertrends in public welfare. The monograph discusses such topics as the balance between standardization and individualization in public welfare in the American context; the impact of standardization on basic welfare programs; relationship between emergency and special needs assistance and general welfare policies; and achieving adequate coverage of special needs and emergencies. Public administrators, social workers, lawyers, and policymakers will find the book interesting.

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