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Elsevier

Libros en Química

  • Art in Biosynthesis

    The Synthetic Chemist's Challenge
    • 1 Edición
    • Darshan Ranganathan + 1 más
    • Inglés
    Art in Biosynthesis: The Synthetic Chemists Challenge, Volume 1 presents representative examples whose biosynthetic pathways are known on the basis of experimentation. This book is divided into 44 chapters that demonstrate the creativity associated with the construction of molecular frameworks. It is a work of appreciation and criticism of the complexity of biosynthetic processes and of the interaction between man, the organic chemist, and Nature. This text describes an established biosynthetic sequence which is a challenge to the synthetic organic chemist to imitate and to equal Nature. The aim of each chapter is to enable a quick comparison of the specific synthetic strategies. This work covers the biosynthesis of natural antibiotics, amino acids, enzymes, fatty acids, and vitamins. This book will prove useful to organic chemists and researchers.

  • Annual Reports in Organic Synthesis–1984

    Annual Reports in Organic Synthesis
    • 1 Edición
    • Martin J. O'Donnell + 1 más
    • Inglés
    Annual Reports in Organic Synthesis—1984 is a bibliography of papers on organic synthesis from primary chemistry journals. Topics covered range from carbon-carbon bond forming reactions to oxidations, reductions, synthesis of heterocycles, and synthetic preparations. This book consists of seven chapters and begins with a list of papers on carbon-carbon bond forming reactions, including carbon-carbon single, double, and triple bonds. The chapters that follow focus on oxidations and reductions, methods of synthesizing heterocyclic systems, and the use of protecting groups. Synthetically useful transformations that do not fit easily into the first three chapters are considered next, with emphasis on functional group synthesis, ring expansion and contraction, and useful multistep transformations. The final chapter deals with miscellaneous reviews on topics ranging from cycloadditions to asymmetric catalysis, metalation, electrophilic substitutions, and pyrylium-mediated transformations of primary amino groups into other functional groups. This monograph will be of value to organic chemists, both specialist and nonspecialist in synthesis.

  • Chemistry for the Welfare of Mankind

    Plenary and Session Lectures Presented at the Twentysixth International Congress of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Tokyo, Japan, 4-10 September 1977
    • 1 Edición
    • T. Tsuruta + 2 más
    • Inglés
    Chemistry for the Welfare of Mankind covers the plenary and session lectures presented at the 26th International Congress of Pure and Applied Chemistry, held in Tokyo, Japan on September 4–10, 1977. The book deals with the applications of chemistry, including clinical chemistry, energy resource, toxicity evaluation, and effects of compounds on the environment. The selection first discusses chemistry, macromolecules, and the needs of human; analysis of naturally occurring waters for toxic metals using combined ion exchange-solvent extraction procedures; and pure and applied photochemistry. The book also takes a look at automated analysis in clinical chemistry and behavior of trace chemical constituents in estuarine waters, including early discrete automation, changing challenges for the clinical laboratory, and studies on the Solent estuarine system. The book reviews the presence of lead in the hydrosphere; chemistry, population, and resources; and progress in biomedical materials. The text also focuses on gas phase diffusion and surface reactions in the chemical vapor deposition of silicon, reverse osmosis, liquid crystals and cell membranes, biopolymer synthesis on solid supports, and biological activities of toxic natural products. The selection is a dependable source for readers interested in applied chemistry.

  • Selected Constants

    Oxidation–Reduction Potentials of Inorganic Substances in Aqueous Solution
    • 1 Edición
    • G. Charlot + 2 más
    • Inglés
    Selected Constants: Oxidation-reduction Potentials of Inorganic Substances in Aqueous Solution presents tables that will aid chemists in finding the best or most probable value of the normal or formal oxidation-reduction potential of oxidation-reduction systems. The book first presents numerical calculations that show the degree of oxidation and real oxidation-reduction systems, including the value of the potential, temperature, nature and composition of the medium, and the method of determination used. The text then takes a look at the choice of data, as well as intensity/potential curves and potentiometric determinations. The table of oxidation-reduction potentials showing the redox system, medium, method, and references is presented. The literature references starting from 1900 until 1967 are also tabulated. The publication is a dependable reference for chemists and readers interested in the oxidation-reduction potentials of inorganic substances in aqueous solutions.

  • Alkaline Earth Hydroxides in Water and Aqueous Solutions

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 52
    • I. Lambert + 1 más
    • Inglés
    This volume contains evaluated data on the solubility of beryllium hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, strontium hydroxide and barium hydroxide in water and in a number of electrolyte and nonelectrolyte solutions in water. The alkaline earth hydroxides can be divided into two groups depending on the hydration of the solid. First, the sparingly soluble anhydrous beryllium, magnesium and calcium hydroxides, whose freshly precipitated solids are poorly crystalline and show decreasing solubility with aging, and whose solubility in water decreases with increasing temperature. Second, the soluble strontium and barium hydroxide octahydrates that form crystalline precipitates which do not show changes in solubility on aging, and whose solubility in water increases with increasing temperature.

  • Carbon Dioxide, Climate and Society

    Proceedings of a IIASA Workshop cosponsored by WMO, UNEP, and SCOPE, February 21 - 24, 1978
    • 1 Edición
    • Jill Williams
    • Inglés
    Carbon Dioxide, Climate and Society contains the proceedings of a workshop organized by the International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis on February 21- 24, 1978. The papers explore the potential consequences of carbon dioxide for climate and society and considers the biogeochemical carbon cycle as a background for predicting future atmospheric concentrations of CO2. The state of knowledge regarding the impacts of increased atmospheric CO2 concentrations on climate and environment is also discussed, along with the implications of such knowledge (and lack thereof) for decision-making on energy strategies. This book consists of 36 chapters and opens with an overview of energy systems and CO2 as well as the global carbon cycle. The reader is then introduced to the dynamics of the carbon cycle based on the findings of isotope studies; biotic interactions with atmospheric CO2; cryospheric responses to global temperature increase; and the effects of doubling the CO2 concentration on radiative-convective equilibrium. The following chapters focus on the influence of the greenhouse effect of the atmosphere on climate; CO2 disposal in the ocean; the link between climate and economic development; and how energy strategies are affected by the CO2 question. This monograph will be a valuable resource of information for climatologists and energy policymakers.

  • Practical Polarography

    An Introduction for Chemistry Students
    • 1 Edición
    • J. Heyrovský + 1 más
    • Inglés
    Practical Polarography: An Introduction for Chemistry Students provides information pertinent to the fundamental aspects of practical polarography. This book presents the developments in polarography and provides descriptions and procedures that should be readily available for use with any available polarograph. Organized into eight chapters, this book begins with an overview of polarography that is widely employed in chemical analysis because the current-voltage curves show both the quantitative and qualitative composition of the solution. This text then explains the electrode in polarographic electrolysis, which consists either of a mercury pool at the bottom of the electrolytic cell that contains the solution under test, or of a special type of electrode of known potential. Other chapters consider the polarographic reduction of some metal ions and of some organic substances. The final chapter deals with the tables containing selected data of half-wave potentials measured against a saturated calomel electrode at 20-25°C. This book is a valuable resource for students, technicians, and chemists.

  • Organic Thin Films and Surfaces: Directions for The Nineties

    Directions for the Nineties
    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 20
    • Abraham Ulman
    • Inglés
    Physics of Thin Films has been one of the longest running continuing series in thin film science consisting of 20 volumes since 1963. The series contains some of the highest quality studies of the properties ofvarious thin films materials and systems.In order to be able to reflect the development of todays science and to cover all modern aspects of thin films, the series, beginning with Volume 20, will move beyond the basic physics of thin films. It will address the most important aspects of both inorganic and organic thin films, in both their theoretical as well as technological aspects. Therefore, in order to reflect the modern technology-oriented problems, the title has been slightly modified from Physics of Thin Films to Thin Films.Edited by Abraham Ulman, Organic Thin Films and Surfaces: Directions for the Nineties will be the first volume to link two dynamic areas in the physical sciences--organic thin films and surface science. Contributions from leading experts in the field cover a range of important topics on the processing, characterization, and applications of organic thin films.

  • Annual Reports in Inorganic and General Syntheses-1976

    • 1 Edición
    • Hans Zimmer
    • Inglés
    Annual Reports in Inorganic and General Syntheses-1976 presents an annual review of synthetically useful information that would prove beneficial to nearly all organic chemists, both specialist and nonspecialist in synthesis. It should help relieve some of the information storage burden of the specialist and should aid the nonspecialist who is seeking help with a specific problem to become rapidly aware of recent synthetic advances. This is the fifth volume of ARIGS and is organized along the lines developed for the preceding volumes. The authors were encouraged to use synthetic aspects as their primary guideline for the arrangement and preservation of the information. An occasional deviation to include structural or mechanistic features seemed to be justified in order to reflect particular characteristics of a given element's chemistry. Complex hydrides of the groups IA-IIIA are dealt with in a special chapter rather than described under the particular elements. As in previous issues of ARIGS, this volume again presents contributions of timely subjects of special interest. This year's special features are "Recent Advances in S-N-Inorganic Heterocycles" and "Synthesis and Properties of Optically Active Organotin Compounds."

  • Viscous Flows

    The Practical Use of Theory
    • 1 Edición
    • Howard Brenner
    • Inglés
    Representing a unique approach to the study of fluid flows, Viscous Flows demonstrates the utility of theoretical concepts and solutions for interpreting and predicting fluid flow in practical applications. By critically comparing all relevant classes of theoretical solutions with experimental data and/or general numerical solutions, it focuses on the range of validity of theoretical expressions rather than on their intrinsic character.This book features extensive use of dimensional analysis on both models and variables, and extensive development of theoretically based correlating equations. The range of applicability of most theoretical solutions is shown to be quite limited; however, in combination they are demonstrated to be more reliable than purely empirical expressions, particularly in novel applications.

  • Alkali Metal Halates, Ammonium Iodate and Iodic Acid

    Solubility Data Series
    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 30
    • H. Miyamoto + 1 más
    • Inglés
    This volume presents compilations and critical evaluations of reported solubility data for the title compounds published up to mid-1984. These compounds have an important place in the history of analytical chemistry; practical applications include their use in pyrotechnics and the paper pulp industry. Also included are two BASIC computer programs which allow the calculation of solubilities at any temperature.

  • Boron Fluoride and Its Compounds as Catalysts in Organic Chemistry

    International Series of Monographs on Organic Chemistry
    • 1 Edición
    • A. V. Topchiev + 2 más
    • W. Doering + 1 más
    • Inglés
    Boron Fluoride and Its Compounds as Catalysts in Organic Chemistry deals with the concerns associated with the utilization of boron fluoride as a catalyst. The title provides a comprehensive account of boron fluoride, such as its properties, compounds, and related methodologies. The coverage of the text includes the preparation and recovery of boron fluoride, along with the physical and chemical properties. The selection also covers various boron fluoride compounds and their respective reaction to various processes, such as alkylation, polymerization, and nitration. The book will be of great interest to students, researchers, and practitioners of organic chemistry.

  • Mode of Action, Metabolism and Toxicology

    Pesticide Chemistry: Human Welfare and the Environment
    • 1 Edición
    • S. Matsunaka + 2 más
    • Inglés
    Pesticide Chemistry: Human Welfare and the Environment, Volume 3: Mode of Action, Metabolism and Toxicology covers the proceeding of the Fifth International Congress of Pesticide Chemistry. This book is organized into three parts that tackle relevant issues regarding the use of pesticide. The opening part tackles topics relevant to the biochemistry of pests and mode of action of pesticides, such as influence of chlorinated and parathyroid insecticide on cellular calcium regulatory mechanisms; behavioral and lethal actions of amidines on invertebrates; and insect chitin synthetase as biochemical probe for insecticidal compounds. The second part encompasses metabolism and degradation of pesticides and xenobiotics and includes topics on propesticides; selective toxicity conferred by activation; and comparative biochemistry of animal, plant, and microorganism oxidases. The last part covers the toxicology of pesticides and xenobiotics, including the role of biochemical studies in modern toxicological assessment of pesticides; neurophysiological and behavioral assessment of pesticide toxicity; and genetic toxicology applied to the assessment of mutagenic, carcinogenic, and teratogenic action of pesticides and related compounds. This book will be of great interest to chemists, biologists, botanists, and entomologists or professionals whose line of work involves the use of pesticides and who are concerned with pesticide side-effects to the users and the environment.

  • Applied Complexometry

    Pergamon Series in Analytical Chemistry
    • 1 Edición
    • Rudolf Přibil
    • Robert A. Chalmers
    • Inglés
    Applied Complexometry tackles complexometry from a practical perspective. The book discusses more applications, and theories are reduced to the most important ones. Comprised of 22 chapters, this book deals first with volumetric reagents in complexometry, and then tackles detection of the titration end-point. Chapter 3 covers masking (screening) reagents. Chapter 4 discusses separation methods, and Chapter 5 covers apparatus and solutions. Chapter 6 talks about the classification of EDTA complexes, while Chapter 7 discusses the complexometry anions. Chapter 8 discusses the analytical applications; Chapters 9 to 21 explain the analysis of several materials and solutions, such as alloys, silicates and rocks, cement, ores and concentrates, semiconductors, pigments, and electroplating solutions. The last chapter discusses further applications of complexometry. This book will be of great interest to researchers, especially for chemists whose work involves various chemical techniques such as complexometry.

  • Reaction Kinetics

    Homogeneous Gas Reactions
    • 1 Edición
    • Keith J. Laidler
    • Robert Robinson + 2 más
    • Inglés
    Reactions Kinetics: Volume I: Homogeneous Gas Reactions presents a general introduction to the subject of kinetics, including the basic laws of kinetics and the theoretical treatment of reaction rates. This four-chapter book deals mainly with homogeneous reactions in the gas phase. Chapter 1 presents the kinetic laws based on experimental results in terms of their simple concepts, with a special consideration of the way in which rates depend on concentration, while Chapter 2 deals with the interpretation of rates in terms of more fundamental theories. Chapter 3 covers the overall reactions that are believed to be elementary, such as the reaction between hydrogen and iodine, the reverse decomposition of hydrogen iodide, the corresponding reactions involving deuterium instead of hydrogen, and the dimerizations of butadiene and cyclopentadiene, as well as a few elementary termolecular reactions, all involving nitric oxide. This chapter also includes a general account of some of the elementary reactions that occur as steps in more complex mechanisms. Chapter 4 examines the reaction rates of numerous complex gas reactions. Undergraduate physical chemistry and chemical kinetics students, as well as advanced students in other fields, such as biology and physics, will find this book invaluable.

  • An Introduction to the Chemistry of Complex Compounds

    • 1 Edición
    • Aleksander Abramovich Grinberg
    • D. H. Busch + 1 más
    • Inglés
    An Introduction to the Chemistry of Complex Compounds discusses the fundamental concepts that are essential in understanding the underlying principles of complex compounds. The coverage of the book includes the compounds of the hexa, penta, and tetrammine type; compounds of the tri, dl, monoamine and hexacido types for the coordination number of 6; and complex compounds with a coordination number of 4. The text also covers the effects and chemical properties of complex compounds, such as the nature of the force of complex formation; the mutual effects of coordinated groups; and acid-base properties, oxidation-reduction properties, and solution equilibriums of complex compounds. The book will be of great use to chemists and chemical engineers.

  • Small Peptides

    Chemistry, Biology and Clinical Studies
    • 1 Edición
    • A.S. Dutta
    • H. Timmerman
    • Inglés
    Pharmacochemistry Library, Volume 19: Small Peptides: Chemistry, Biology, and Clinical Studies focuses on the processes, reactions, properties, and characteristics of peptides, including analogues and proteases. The publication first takes a look at angiotensin II and bombesin/gastrin-rel... peptide. Topics include conformationally restricted analogues of bombesin, non-peptide antagonists of angiotensin II, receptor subtypes of angiotensin II, and bombesin/GRP antagonists and cancer. The text then elaborates on bradykinin, cholecystokinin, and enkephalin analogues. The manuscript examines luteinizing hormone releasing hormone and somatostatin. Topics include enzymic degradation of somatostatin and analogues, clinical applications of somatostatin analogues, and pharmacological and clinical studies with LHRH agonists and antagonists. The formulation of peptides and inhibitors of aspartyl proteases are also mentioned. The book is a valuable source of information for chemists, biologists, and readers interested in small peptides.

  • Annual Reports in Organic Synthesis-1973

    • 1 Edición
    • R. Bryan Miller + 1 más
    • Inglés
    Annual Reports in Organic Synthesis—1973 presents an annual review of synthetically useful information that would prove beneficial to nearly all organic chemists, both specialist and nonspecialist in synthesis. It should help relieve some of the information storage burden of the specialist and should aid the nonspecialist who is seeking help with a specific problem to become rapidly aware of recent synthetic advances. In producing this volume the editors abstracted 47 primary chemistry journals, selecting useful synthetic advances. All reactions and methods which are new, synthetically useful, and reasonably general are included. Each entry is comprised primarily of structures accompanied by very few comments. The purpose of this is to aid the reader in rapidly scanning the book. Chapters I-III are organized by reaction type and constitute the major part of the book. Chapter IV deals with methods of synthesizing heterocyclic systems. Chapter V covers the use of new protecting groups. Chapter VI is divided into three main parts and covers those synthetically useful transformations which do not fit easily into the first three chapters. The first part deals only with functional group synthesis. The second part covers ring expansion and contraction, and the third part involves useful multistep sequences.

  • Annual Reports in Organic Synthesis — 1976

    • 1 Edición
    • R. Bryan Miller + 1 más
    • Inglés
    Annual Reports in Organic Synthesis—1976 presents an annual review of synthetically useful information that would prove beneficial to nearly all organic chemists, both specialist and nonspecialist in synthesis. It should help relieve some of the information storage burden of the specialist and should aid the nonspecialist who is seeking help with a specific problem to become rapidly aware of recent synthetic advances. In producing this volume the editors abstracted 47 primary chemistry journals, selecting useful synthetic advances. All reactions and methods which are new, synthetically useful, and reasonably general are included. Each entry is comprised primarily of structures accompanied by very few comments. The purpose of this is to aid the reader in rapidly scanning the book. Chapters I-III are organized by reaction type and constitute the major part of the book. Chapter IV deals with methods of synthesizing heterocyclic systems. Chapter V covers the use of new protecting groups. Chapter VI is divided into three main parts and covers those synthetically useful transformations that do not fit easily into the first three chapters. The first part deals only with functional group synthesis. The second part covers ring expansion and contraction, and the third part involves useful multistep sequences.

  • Structure and Crystallization of Glasses

    • 1 Edición
    • Werner Vogel
    • Inglés
    Structure and Crystallization of Glasses details glass structural analysis from an experimental perspective. The book is comprised of eight chapters that cover various structural concepts. The text first introduces the basic elements of glass structures, and then proceeds to discussing the development of classical structure theories. The next chapter presents research that deals with structure of prototype and original glasses. Next, the book details the position of the structural conceptions resulting from the studies. Chapter 5 talks about the crystallization behavior of glasses according to the classical studies of G. Tammann and their development. Chapter 6 deals with the effects of the composition of glass on the resulting form of a crystal phase in the course of growth. The seventh chapter discusses the microphases in glass and their relations to crystallization, and the last chapter details the directed crystallization in glass. The text will be of great use to individuals involved in the research, development, and application of glass technology, such as materials engineers and inorganic chemists.

  • Chemical Evolution of the Giant Planets

    • 1 Edición
    • Cyril Ponnamperuma
    • Inglés
    Chemical Evolution of the Giant Planets is a compilation of papers on the chemical evolution of giant planets, presented at a colloquium sponsored by the Laboratory of Chemical Evolution in October, 1974. The compendium focuses on the interpretation of data provided by the Pioneer 10 and 11 missions, which conducted explorations of the outer planets. Scientists from various disciplines tackle the various aspects of the study of the chemical environment of the giant planets and their satellites. Subjects such as the atmosphere of Jupiter and Saturn; chemical abundances in the atmospheres of the giant planets and their satellites; possibility of growth of airborne microbes in outer planetary atmospheres; and the biology on the outer planets are covered in the book. Astronomers, chemists, geologists, and biologists will find the book interesting.

  • The Effect of Molecular Orientation on the Mechanical Properties of Polystyrene

    Macromolecular Division
    • 1 Edición
    • T. T. Jones
    • Inglés
    The Effect of Molecular Orientation on the Mechanical Properties of Polystyrene presents the results of a study that investigated the effect of molecular orientation on the mechanical properties of polystyrene. Oriented sheets of two commercial homopolystyrenes (PSA and PSB) differing in molecular weight, rheological and glass transition temperature properties were prepared by sheet extrusion and drawing. The properties of the resulting sheets were examined at seven different laboratories in Europe. The study focused on length reversion ratio, birefringence, orientation stress, shrinkage stress, and various mechanical properties such as rupture stress and strain, the specific energy of rupture, and sonic modulus and relaxation modulus. Impact behavior and environmental stress cracking behavior were also evaluated. One of the findings was that oriented polymers subjected to lateral strains can develop catastrophic crack growth when immersed in an active liquid. The onset of the cracks depends on the lateral strain imposed as well as the degree of orientation. PSB was more resistant than PSA. This monograph should be a useful resource for chemists.

  • Infrared Detectors

    Papers Presented at a Meeting of the U.S. Speciality Group on Infrared Detectors
    • 1 Edición
    • T. S. Moss
    • Inglés
    Infrared Detectors is a collection of papers presented at a meeting of the U.S. Speciality Group on Infrared Detectors and deals with a variety of topics related to infrared detectors, such as PbSnTe diodes and detectors, charge coupled devices (CCD), photodiodes, and HgCdTe photoconductive detectors. This text has 11 chapters; the first of which investigates the effects of ionizing radiation on CCDs in order to assess their signal processing advantages in a high natural (Van Allen belt) or artificially induced radiation environment. Attention then turns to defects suffered by n-type HgCdTe due to electron irradiation; thermal recovery processes in HgCdTe and PbSnTe photovoltaic detectors; and thermal limitations in PbSnTe detectors. The following papers present experiments that examine the performance of PbSnTe diodes at moderately reduced backgrounds; preparation of vapor grown lead-tin telluride for 8–14 micrometer photodiodes; and detectivity limits for diffused junction PbSnTe detectors. The optical immersion of HgCdTe photoconductive detectors and far infrared atmospheric transmission measurements conducted in North-Norway are also addressed. This book will be of interest to researchers and students who want to have a better understanding of how infrared detectors work.

  • Analytical Elements of Mechanics

    • 1 Edición
    • Thomas R. Kane
    • Inglés
    Analytical Elements of Mechanics, Volume 1, is the first of two volumes intended for use in courses in classical mechanics. The books aim to provide students and teachers with a text consistent in content and format with the author’s ideas regarding the subject matter and teaching of mechanics, and to disseminate these ideas. The book opens with a detailed exposition of vector algebra, and no prior knowledge of this subject is required. This is followed by a chapter on the topic of mass centers, which is presented as a logical extension of concepts introduced in connection with centroids. A theory of moments and couples is constructed without reference to forces, these being mentioned only in illustrative examples. This is done because it eventually becomes necessary to apply the theory to systems of vectors which are not forces, such as momenta and impulses. Equilibrium is discussed in the final chapter, preceded by extended examination of the concept of force.

  • Computing Methods in Crystallography

    • 1 Edición
    • J. S. Rollett
    • Inglés
    Computing Methods in Crystallography is a collection of lectures given at a two-week Summer School held in Oxford, UK in August 1962. About forty-five crystallographers focused on advances in the use of computing methods in crystallography. The discussions are organized around four themes: algebra, statistics, phase determination, and programming. This book is comprised of 20 chapters and begins with an introduction to the algebra required for the fundamental operations of transformation of coordinates, interpolation, and approximation of trigonometric and exponential functions, as well as solution of linear equations and derivation of latent roots and vectors. Methods for calculation of structure factors, least-squares adjustment, Fourier series evaluation, and a number of other operations are described. The statistical properties of reciprocal space are also considered, along with probability methods for centrosymmetric crystals. The final chapter looks at some crystallographic programs in FORTRAN. This monograph will be a valuable resource for crystallographers as well as physics students and researchers interested in the application of computing methods to crystallography.

  • Chemical Induction of Cancer

    Structural Bases and Biological Mechanisms
    • 1 Edición
    • Joseph C. Arcos + 1 más
    • Inglés
    Chemical Induction of Cancer: Structural Bases and Biological Mechanisms Volume IIB deals with the organic and biochemical principles behind cancer. This volume includes Part III of the work, which covers structure-activity relationships of chemical carcinogens, the effect of chemical reactivity, molecular geometry, and metabolism on carcinogenic activity. Under this is Chapter 5, which tackles conjugated aromatic systems. The text is recommended for doctors, organic chemists, and biochemists with an advanced knowledge in biochemistry and organic chemistry and would like to know more the biochemical processes of cancer.

  • Organic Sulfur Compounds

    • 1 Edición
    • N. Kharasch
    • Inglés
    Organic Sulfur Compounds, Volume I deals with the chemistry of organic sulfur compounds such as disulfides, polysulfides, olefins, acetylenes, and chloroethylenes. Topics covered range from the inorganic acids of sulfur and the thermodynamics of organic sulfur compounds to some applications of isotopic sulfur and the stereochemistry of disulfides and polysulfides. The mechanism of oxidation of thiols to disulfides is also discussed. Comprised of 40 chapters, this volume first considers the precise structures of elemental sulfur in relation to the reactions of sulfur compounds, followed by an analysis of the inorganic acids of sulfur. The reader is then introduced to the thermodynamics of organic sulfur compounds and the bonding characteristics of the sulfur atom, as well as the infrared spectra of organosulfur compounds. Subsequent chapters focus on the ionic scission of the sulfur-sulfur bond; nucleophilic reactions of thiols with acetylene and chloroethylene; reactions of sulfur with olefins; and the chemistry of isothiocyanates. This book should prove useful to advanced students, practitioners, and research workers in the field of organic chemistry.

  • Advances in Magnetic Resonance

    Volume 5
    • 1 Edición
    • John S. Waugh
    • Inglés
    Advances in Magnetic Resonance, Volume 5 deals with the interpretation of ESR spectra and provides descriptions of experimental apparatus. This book discusses the halogen hyperfine interactions; organic radicals in single crystals; pulsed-Fourier-trans... nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometer; and inhomogenizer and decoupler. The spectrometers for multiple-pulse NMR; weak collision theory of relaxation in the rotating frame; and spin Hamiltonian for the electron spin resonance of irradiated organic single crystals are also deliberated. This text likewise covers the NMR in helium three and magnetic susceptibility measurements. This publication is valuable to physics and chemistry students, including those interested in ESR spectra in irradiated single crystals.

  • Introductory Titrimetric and Gravimetric Analysis

    The Commonwealth and International Library: Chemistry Division
    • 1 Edición
    • Evelyn M. Rattenbury
    • Inglés
    Introductory Titrimetric and Gravimetric Analysis is an introductory course to the general principles of titrimetric and gravimetric analysis of chemical solutions and substances. The book is divided in two parts. Part I focuses on the principles of titrimetric analysis, covering topics on acid-base, argentometric, oxidation-reduction, iodometric, and complexometric titrations. Part II covers the principles of gravimetric analysis, discussing gravimetric process and methods; and the gravimetric determinations of several chemical solutions and substances. Chemists and students of chemistry will find the book a good reference material.

  • Survey of Progress in Chemistry

    Volume 2
    • 1 Edición
    • Arthur F. Scott
    • Inglés
    Survey of Progress in Chemistry, Volume 2 covers the principles common to all chemistry that undergo major developments and modifications, including substitution reactions of metal complexes, salt chemistry, and photochemical reactions. This volume is composed of six chapters, and begins with an examination of the reaction mechanisms of substitution reactions of metal complexes. The succeeding chapters deal with the methods of measurement of fast reactions in solution and the general chemistry of fused salt, acids, and bases. These topics are followed by a presentation of several examples of displacement reactions at the sulfur-sulfur bond based on the basic mechanistic concepts. The concluding chapter considers the progress in the mechanistic aspects of photochemical reactions, with emphasis on the processes that occur in the interval between absorption of light and formation of products. This book will prove useful to general chemistry teachers and students.

  • Recommended Reference Materials for Realization of Physicochemical Properties

    Pressure–Volume–Temperature Relationships
    • 1 Edición
    • E. F. G. Herington
    • Inglés
    Recommended Reference Materials for Realization of Physicochemical Properties presents recommendations of reference materials for use in measurements involving physicochemical properties, namely, vapor pressure; liquid-vapor critical temperature and critical pressure; orthobaric volumes of liquid and vapor; pressure-volume-temp... properties of the unsaturated vapor or gas; and pressure-volume-temp... properties of the compressed liquid. This monograph focuses on reference materials for vapor pressures at temperatures up to 770 K, as well as critical temperatures and critical pressures; reference materials for vapor pressures at temperatures above 600 K; reference materials for orthobaric volumes (or densities) and critical volume (or density); reference materials for pressure-volume-temp... behavior (gases); and reference materials for pressure-volume-temp... behavior (liquids). The orthobaric volumes are typically related through their reciprocals, the orthobaric densities, by the well-known ""law of rectilinear diameters."" Carbon dioxide is recommended as a test substance for vapor-pressure measurements on relatively high-boiling gases. This book will be of interest to physicists and chemists.

  • Biogenesis of Natural Compounds

    • 2 Edición
    • Peter Bernfeld
    • Inglés
    Biogenesis of Natural Compounds, Second Edition is released to provide updated information on the biogenesis of natural compounds. Most of the chapters in this book are rewritten, and new author contributes a paper on the biogenesis of proteins. This edition also includes a new chapter that deals with the formation of carcinogenic polynuclear hydrocarbons. However, all other chapters are maintained; some of which have modified headings. This edition will help those studying the biogenesis of natural compounds and in need of more updated information compared to those presented in the previous edition.

  • Wills' Biochemical Basis of Medicine

    • 2 Edición
    • J. Hywel Thomas + 1 más
    • Inglés
    Wills' Biochemical Basis of Medicine, Second Edition provides a basic understanding of the structure and metabolic processes in the context in which they occur in the cell or in the tissues. This book provides groundwork of academic biochemistry and demonstrations of the application of biochemistry to medicine. Organized into five parts encompassing 43 chapters, this edition begins with an overview of the biochemistry of the subcellular organelles. This text then examines the functions of the nucleus, mitochondria, and the endoplasmic reticulum. Other chapters consider the biochemistry of the hormones and the regulation of the metabolic fuels. This book discusses as well the biochemistry of environmental hazards and examines the treatment of viral carcinogenesis. The final chapter deals with the results of the application of recombinant DNA technology to the diagnosis of genetic disorder. This book is a valuable resource for biochemists, biologists, physicians, clinical researchers, and medical students.

  • The Chemistry of Fluorine and Its Compounds

    • 1 Edición
    • H. J. Emeléus
    • Louis Meites
    • Inglés
    The Chemistry of Fluorine and Its Compounds is an expanded and updated treatment of the material presented in a series of five lectures given by Professor Emeleus while in residence at the Polytechnic Institute of Brooklyn in November and December, 1966. This book is one of a series of monographs made possible by a Science Center Development Grant from the National Science Foundation that enabled the Institute's Department of Chemistry to establish a Distinguished Visiting Lectureship that is held successively by a number of eminent chemists, each of whom has played a leading part in the development of some important area of chemical research. The book opens with an introductory chapter on the chemistry of fluorine. This is followed by separate chapters on halogen fluorides, oxygen fluorides, hypofluorites, fluorides of Group III, carbon fluorides; and perfluoro organometallic compounds fluorides of silicon, germanium, tin, and lead. Subsequent chapters deal with fluorides of nitrogen and related compounds; fluorides of phosphorus, arsenic, antimony, and bismuth; and fluorides of sulfur, selenium, and tellurium.

  • Surface Active Chemicals

    • 1 Edición
    • H. E. Garrett
    • Inglés
    Surface Active Chemicals resents a number of applications of surface activity. This book provides a discussion of bulk solution phase properties, which is important for proper understanding of surface phenomena. Organized into seven chapters, this book begins with an overview of the works of cohesion of some organic liquids and their woks of adhesion to water. This text then describes the properties of ordinary soaps, which consist of blends of alkali–metal or organic base salts of fatty acids of from eight to eighteen carbon atoms. Other chapters consider the characteristic of soapy lather by the addition of excess fatty acid to soap, which raises its proportion in the surface layer still further and tends to make the lather even creamier. This book discusses as well the processes for the extraction of bone glue. The final chapter deals with the statistics of production and sales for soaps and detergents. This book is a valuable resource for chemists and senior students.

  • Inorganic Hydrides

    The Commonwealth and International Library: Chemistry Division
    • 1 Edición
    • B. L. Shaw
    • L. A. K. Stavely
    • Inglés
    Inorganic Hydrides focuses on the hydrides of chemical elements. The hydrides discussed in this book are classified into four principal categories — ionic, covalent, transition metal hydrides, and metallic hydrides. Hydrides that do not fit into general classification, such as hydrides of copper and zinc, can be described as borderline hydrides and form a transition in type between the covalent hydrides of the later elements of the periodic table and the metallic hydrides of the transition elements. This text begins with an introduction to the classes of hydrides and hydrides of hydrogen, discussing element by element through frequent comparisons. The transition metal hydrides and metallic hydrides are also elaborated. This selection concludes with the chapter on bonding and bond strengths in hydrides, followed by the applications of infrared, Raman, and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The general chemistry of water and its solvent properties are also briefly deliberated. This publication is suitable for undergraduates, particularly on covering the developments and chemistry of inorganic hydrides.

  • Synthesis of Pesticides Chemical Structure and Biological Activity Natural Products with Biological Activity

    Symposia Papers Presented at the Fourth International Congress of Pesticide Chemistry, Zurich, Switzerland, July 24-28, 1978
    • 1 Edición
    • H. Geissbühler + 2 más
    • Inglés
    Advances in Pesticide Science, Part 2: Synthesis of Pesticides, Chemical Structure and Biological Activity, Natural Products with Biological Activity is a collection of papers presented at the Fourth International Congress of Pesticide Chemistry, held in Zurich, Switzerland on July 24-28, 1978. This book is composed of forty eight chapters, and begins with the synthesis of pesticides. The succeeding chapters deal with heterocyclic synthesis by rearrangement, synthesis and transformations of nitrogen and sulphurcontaining bicyclic heterocyclic systems. These topics are followed by discussions on synthesis of bmc-analogous n-heterocycles from 1,2-, 1,3-, 1,4-, and 1,5- diamines. Other chapters describe the synthesis and herbicidal activity of 4-acylpyrazole derivatives, the synthesis and properties of plant growth regulators, the carboxyphenyl derivatives of five and six membered heterocycles and potential phosphorus-containin... intermediates for the synthesis of pesticides. The final chapters consider the influence of antagonistic fungi on the spore-formation of rust fungi. This book will prove useful to agriculturists and organic chemists.

  • The Tetracyclic Diterpenes

    • 1 Edición
    • J. R. Hanson
    • D. H. R. Barton + 1 más
    • Inglés
    International Series of Monographs in Organic Chemistry, Volume 9: The Tetracyclic Diterpenes covers the physico-chemical properties, stereochemistry, reactions, and synthesis of various tetracyclic diterpene compounds. Each chapter of this eight-chapter book describes specific tetracyclic diterpene. The opening chapters focus on the members of the kaurene-phyllocladen... class, which are best known and most widely distributed of the tetracyclic diterpenes. The subsequent chapters deal with other classes, including gibberellins, the stachene class, tetracyclic diterpenes alkanoids, and aconite alkaloids. The final chapters consider the synthesis and biosynthesis of tetracyclic diterpenes. This book will prove useful to organic chemists.

  • Intestinal Absorption of Metal Ions, Trace Elements and Radionuclides

    • 1 Edición
    • S. C. Skoryna + 1 más
    • Inglés
    Intestinal Absorption of Metal Ions, Trace Elements, and Radionuclides focuses on the transport of metal ions across biological membranes. The selection first discusses fundamental considerations of ion transport across biological membranes, including passage of ions through the pores of gels or membranes; mobilities of organic and inorganic ions in water; and complexing of alkali metal ions. The text then focuses on ion transport across membranes of high ionic selectivity and transmissivity and their uses in model studies; model systems for transcellular active transport; and detection and implications of active salt transport across biological membranes. The book takes a look at the intestinal absorption of sodium, calcium, and potassium, including sodium and potassium transport in the intestines; use of radioisotopes to assess intestinal flux of calcium in humans; and calcium and structure of cell membranes. The intestinal absorption of zinc, cobalt, and strontium and absorption of copper from the gastrointestinal tract are underscored. The selection is a recommendable source of data for readers interested in the transport of metal ions across biological membranes.

  • Synthesis of Feedback Systems

    • 1 Edición
    • Isaac M. Horowitz
    • Inglés
    Synthesis of Feedback Systems presents the feedback theory which exists in various feedback problems. This book provides techniques for the analysis and solution of these problems. The text begins with an introduction to feedback theory and exposition of problems of plant identification, representation, and analysis. Subsequent chapters are devoted to the application of the feedback point of view to any system; the principal useful properties of feedback; the feedback control system synthesis techniques; and the class of two degree-of-freedom feedback configurations and synthesis procedures appropriate for such configurations. The final chapter considers how to translate specifications from their typical original formulation, to the language appropriate for detailed design. The book is intended for engineers and graduate students of engineering design.

  • Molecular Photobiology

    Inactivation and Recovery
    • 1 Edición
    • Kendric C. Smith + 1 más
    • Bernard Horecker + 2 más
    • Inglés
    Molecular Photobiology: Inactivation and Recovery describes the deleterious photochemical reactions occurring in biological systems. This book is composed of 10 chapters that specifically tackle light interactions in the ultraviolet region of the spectrum resulting to damaged proteins and nucleic acids in living systems. This book deals first with the kinds of photochemical reactions that can occur and the possible effects of photochemistry on molecular, cellular, and organismal levels. The succeeding chapters highlight the principle of recovery mechanisms, wherein evidence shows that cells can repair their damaged genetic material, and thus recover from the otherwise inactivating effects of light. The remaining chapters are devoted to the comparison and contrast of some biological effects of ionizing radiation and those of ultraviolet radiation. This book is of value to molecular photobiologists, photochemists, biochemists, and radiation scientists and researchers.

  • Annual Reports in Organic Synthesis — 1974

    • 1 Edición
    • Louis S. Hegedus + 1 más
    • Inglés
    Annual Reports in Organic Synthesis – 1974 presents a collection of 45 abstracted chemistry journals that cover organic synthesis. This book is comprised of eight chapters that cover different aspects of organic synthesis, such as reaction types and methods. The first three chapters tackle carbon–carbon bond forming reactions, oxidations, and reductions. Chapter IV discusses synthesis of heterocycles, and Chapter V covers the use of protecting groups. Chapter VI talks about useful synthetic preparations. Chapters VII and VIII cover the miscellaneous reactions and reviews. The information provided by this text will be most useful to organic chemists.

  • The Conservation of Orbital Symmetry

    • 1 Edición
    • R. B. Woodward + 1 más
    • Inglés
    The Conservation of Orbital Symmetry examines the principle of conservation of orbital symmetry and its use. The central content of the principle was that reactions occur readily when there is congruence between orbital symmetry characteristics of reactants and products, and only with difficulty when that congruence does not obtain—or to put it more succinctly, orbital symmetry is conserved in concerted reaction. This principle is expected to endure, whatever the language in which it may be couched, or whatever greater precision may be developed in its application and extension. The book opens with a review of the elementary aspects of the molecular orbital theory of bonding. This is followed by separate chapters on correlation diagrams, the conservation of orbital symmetry, theory of electrocyclic reactions, theory of cycloadditions and cycloreversions, and theory of sigmatropic reactions. Subsequent chapters deal with group transfers and eliminations; secondary conformational effects in concerted cycloaddition reactions; and generalized selection rules for pericyclic reactions.

  • Rapid Mixing and Sampling Techniques in Biochemistry

    • 1 Edición
    • Britton Chance + 2 más
    • Inglés
    Rapid Mixing and Sampling Techniques in Biochemistry focuses on the applications of rapid reaction techniques to biochemical problems, including mechanical disturbance, cavitation, and spectroscopic evaluation. The selection first offers information on flash photographs of jet collision phenomena, curved coaxial mixer with two circular inlet channels, and ten jet mixers. Topics include cavitation and mechanical disturbance, efficiency of mixing, operation of the flow apparatus, and mixing tests. The book also ponders on cavitation in rapid flow apparatuses, as well as avoidance of cavitation and description of the flow apparatus. The publication takes a look at ball mixers, multiple rapid mixing of micro-samples by a gun-type projection system and its rapid spectroscopic evaluation, and thermal stopped-flow apparatus. The book also elaborates on pulsed flow apparatus, photochemical activation apparatus using flash tubes, and experimental evaluation of the Bray rapid freezing- technique. The selection is a valuable source of data for readers interested in rapid mixing and sampling techniques.

  • Non-Aqueous Solutions – 5

    Plenary and Section Lectures Presented at the Fifth International Conference on Non-Aqueous Solutions, Leeds, England, 5-9 July 1976
    • 1 Edición
    • J. B. Gill
    • Inglés
    Non-Aqueous Solutions — 5 is a collection of lectures presented at the Fifth International Conference on Non-Aqueous Solutions held in Leeds, England, on July 5-9, 1976. The papers explore reactions in non-aqueous solutions as well as the thermodynamic and kinetic properties of non-aqueous solutions. Examples of the use of spectroscopic techniques are presented, and solutions in molten salts are given. Metals in solution and liquid metal solutions are also considered. This book is comprised of 12 chapters and begins with a review of a general scheme which considers the species formed by cation-electron and electron-electron interactions at dilute to moderate concentrations, along with the influence of the solvent and the metal on these interactions. The discussion then shifts to the application of electron spin resonance spectroscopy to the study of solvation; the influence of solvent properties on ligand substitution mechanisms of labile complexes; and the effect of acidity on chemical reactions in molten salts. Subsequent chapters deal with the chemistry of solutions of salts in liquid alkali metals; preferential solvation in kinetics; and the use of non-aqueous solvents for preparation and reactions of nitrogen halogen compounds. Results of Raman spectroscopic studies of non-aqueous solutions and spectroscopic studies of coordination compounds formed in molten salts are also presented. This monograph will be of interest to chemists.

  • Semimicro Quantitative Organic Analysis

    • 1 Edición
    • E. P. Clark
    • Inglés
    Semimicro Quantitative Organic Analysis focuses on the analytical phase of research and chemistry of natural products, as well as analysis of gases and methods used in identifying iodine and other substances. The manuscript first offers information on the determination of carbon, hydrogen, and nitrogen, and the use of Kjeldahl and Dumas methods in the determination of nitrogen. The book also ponders on the determination of halogens, including the use of ethanolamine-sodium, Carius, and sodium peroxide fusion methods and the Liepert volumetric method for iodine. The publication discusses the determination of sulfur and phosphorus, as well as the alkali-nitrate fusion method for converting organic phosphorus to orthophosphate and Woy's procedure for weighing phosphorus as phosphomolybdic anhydride. The text also reviews the determination of methoxyl and ethoxyl and acetyl groups; determination of neutralization equivalent and molecular weights; and determination of volatile fatty acids. The manuscript is a dependable reference for readers interested in the chemistry of natural products.

  • Annual Reports in Organic Synthesis — 1980

    • 1 Edición
    • L. G. Wade + 1 más
    • Inglés
    Annual Reports in Organic Synthesis—1980 presents an annual review of synthetically useful information that would prove beneficial to nearly all organic chemists, both specialist and nonspecialist in synthesis. It should help relieve some of the information storage burden of the specialist and should aid the nonspecialist who is seeking help with a specific problem to become rapidly aware of recent synthetic advances. In producing this volume the editors abstracted 46 primary chemistry journals, selecting useful synthetic advances. All reactions and methods which are new, synthetically useful, and reasonably general are included. Each entry is comprised primarily of structures accompanied by very few comments. The purpose of this is to aid the reader in rapidly scanning the book. Chapters I-III are organized by reaction type and constitute the major part of the book. Chapter IV deals with methods of synthesizing heterocyclic systems. Chapter V covers the use of new protecting groups. Chapter VI is divided into three main parts and covers those synthetically useful transformations that do not fit easily into the first three chapters. The first part deals only with functional group synthesis. The second part covers ring expansion and contraction, and the third part involves useful multistep sequences.

  • Trace Analysis of Semiconductor Materials

    International Series of Monographs on Analytical Chemistry
    • 1 Edición
    • J. Paul Cali + 2 más
    • Inglés
    Trace Analysis of Semiconductor Materials is a guidebook concerned with procedures of ultra-trace analysis. This book discusses six distinct techniques of trace analysis. These techniques are the most common and can be applied to various problems compared to other methods. Each of the four chapters basically includes an introduction to the principles and general statements. The theoretical basis for the technique involved is then briefly discussed. Practical applications of the techniques and the different instrumentations are explained. Then, the applications to trace analysis as pertaining to semiconductor materials are discussed. Chapter 1 discusses radiochemical practice, the analysis of semiconductor materials, separation techniques, several qualitative radiochemical schemes, radiochemical purification procedures, and several earlier reported studies. Chapter 2 covers emission spectroscopy, including its potential for future applications. Discussions in Chapter 3 explain the benefits of each of the four mass spectrometric methods, namely, the isotope dilution method, complete thermal vaporization, vacuum spark technique, and the ion bombardment method. Chapter 4 focuses on the absorption, fluorescence, and polarographic methods used in general trace analysis, including examples of semiconductor material applications and other problems that result when certain impurities are introduced into the test sample. This monograph will be useful for researchers in ultra-trace analysis, nuclear physics, and analytical chemistry.

  • Elements of Abstract Harmonic Analysis

    • 1 Edición
    • George Bachman
    • Inglés
    Elements of Abstract Harmonic Analysis provides an introduction to the fundamental concepts and basic theorems of abstract harmonic analysis. In order to give a reasonably complete and self-contained introduction to the subject, most of the proofs have been presented in great detail thereby making the development understandable to a very wide audience. Exercises have been supplied at the end of each chapter. Some of these are meant to extend the theory slightly while others should serve to test the reader's understanding of the material presented. The first chapter and part of the second give a brief review of classical Fourier analysis and present concepts which will subsequently be generalized to a more abstract framework. The next five chapters present an introduction to commutative Banach algebras, general topological spaces, and topological groups. The remaining chapters contain some of the measure theoretic background, including the Haar integral, and an extension of the concepts of the first two chapters to Fourier analysis on locally compact topological abelian groups.

  • The Analysis of Explosives

    Pergamon Series in Analytical Chemistry
    • 1 Edición
    • Jehuda Yinon + 1 más
    • R Belcher + 2 más
    • Inglés
    The Analysis of Explosives surveys the principles of the various analytical methods, describes how these methods are used for the analysis of explosives, and reviews the major analytical work carried out in this field. Organized into 15 chapters, this book begins with the classification of explosives. Subsequent chapters discuss the different methods for the analysis of explosives. The detection and identification of explosive residues and hidden explosives are also explained. This monograph will be useful as a reference book for chemists in analytical and forensic laboratories, as well as a textbook for graduate students in analytical chemistry and forensic sciences.

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