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Elsevier

Libros en Física

  • The Earth's Ionosphere

    Plasma Physics and Electrodynamics
    • 1 Edición
    • Michael Kelly
    • Inglés
    The Earth's Ionosphere: Plasma Physics and Electrodynamics emphasizes the study of plasma physics and electrodynamics of the ionosphere, including many aeronomical influences. The ionosphere is somewhat of a battleground between the earth's neutral atmosphere and the sun's fully ionized atmosphere, in which the earth is embedded. One of the challenges of ionosphere research is to know enough about these two vast fields of research to make sense out of ionospheric phenomena. This book provides insights into how these competing sources of mass, momentum, and energy compete for control of the ionosphere. Some of the topics discussed include the fundamentals of ionospheric plasma dynamics; equatorial plasma instabilities; high-latitude electrodynamics; and instabilities and structure in the high-latitude ionosphere. Throughout this text only the region above 90 km are discussed, ignoring the D region entirely. This publication is a good source of information for students and individuals conducting research on earth’s ionosphere.

  • Macromolecular Physics V1

    • 1 Edición
    • Bernhard Wunderlich
    • Inglés
    Macromolecular Physics, Volume 1: Crystal Structure, Morphology, Defects provides a unified treatment of crystals of linear macromolecules. This book is organized into four chapters: structure of macromolecules, microscopic structure of crystals, crystal morphology, and defect crystal. This publication specifically discusses the macromolecular hypothesis, molecular conformation, and synthesis of macromolecules. The discovery and proof of the lattice theory, structures of minimum free energy, and crystal structures of macromolecules are also deliberated. This publication likewise covers the macromolecular crystals, macroscopic recognition of defects, and deformation of polymer crystals. This volume is a good reference for physicists, scientists, and specialists concerned with research on crystals of linear macromolecules.

  • Angular Momentum Theory for Diatomic Molecules

    • 1 Edición
    • Brain Judd
    • Inglés
    Angular Momentum Theory for Diatomic Molecules focuses on the application of angular momentum theory in describing the complex dynamical processes in molecules. The manuscript first offers information on tensor algebra and rotation group. Discussions focus on commutation relations, spherical and double tensors, rotations, coupling, reduced matrix elements, quaternions, combination theorem for Gegenbauer polynomials, and combination theorems for spherical harmonics. The book then takes a look at R(4) in physical systems and hydrogen molecular ion, including rigid rotator, reversed angular momentum, reduced matrix elements, spheroidal coordinates, and hydrogen atom in spheroidal coordinates. The publication examines expansions and free diatomic molecules. Topics include angular momentum, molecular frame, primitive energy spectrum, rotating oscillator and hydrogen atom, expressions for electric potentials, delta functions, and Neumann expansion. The manuscript also considers external fields and perturbations. The text is a dependable reference for readers interested in the application of angular momentum theory in identifying the dynamical processes going on in molecules.

  • Evolution of Particle Physics

    A Volume Dedicated to Eduardo Amaldi in his Sixtieth Birthday
    • 1 Edición
    • M Conversi
    • Inglés
    Evolution of Particle Physics is concerned with the birth of particle physics and its maturation as a scientific field, with emphasis on advances in both theory and experiment. Topics covered include weak interactions and the breaking of hadron symmetries; the role of complexity in nature; symmetry principles in physics; and isobaric analog resonances in phenomenological nuclear spectroscopy. Adiabatic transformations as well as range and straggling of muons are also discussed. This book is comprised of 24 chapters and begins with a review of some of the most important discoveries in particle physics, along with the tools and techniques that made it possible. The reader is then introduced to symmetry breaking, paying particular attention to hadron symmetries and their connection to weak interactions. The following chapters explore channeling of ultrarelativistic charged particles in crystals; coherent scattering of high-energy hadrons by light nuclei; elementary particle physics and high-energy physics; and the design and use of large electron synchrotrons. This monograph will be of interest to particle physicists.

  • Elastic Waves in the Earth

    • 1 Edición
    • Walter L. Pilant
    • Inglés
    Elastic Waves in the Earth provides information on the relationship between seismology and geophysics and their general aspects. The book offers elastodynamic equations and derivative equations that can be used in the propagation of elastic waves. It also covers major topics in detail, such as the fundamentals of elastodynamics; the Lamb's problem, which includes the Cagniard-de Hoop theory; rays and modes in a radially inhomogeneous earth and in multilayered media, which includes the Thomson-Haskell theory; the elastic wave dissipation; the seismic source and noise; and the seismographs. The book consists of 33 chapters. The first 16 chapters include basic material related to the propagation of elastic waves. Topics covered by these chapters include scalars, vectors, and tensors in cartesian coordinates, stress and strain analysis, equations of elasticity and motion, plane waves, Rayleigh waves, plane-wave theory, and fluid-fluid and solid-solid interfaces. The second half of the book covers various ray and mode theories, elastic wave dissipation, and the observations and theories of seismic source and seismic noise. It concludes by discussing earthquake seismology and different seismographs, like the pendulum seismometer and the strain seismometer.

  • Vibrational Spectra of Benzene Derivatives

    • 1 Edición
    • G Varsanyi
    • Inglés
    Vibrational Spectra of Benzene Derivatives specifically deals with the problems of the vibrational spectra of benzene and its derivatives. The book is divided into three chapters. Chapter 1 explains the concepts of the electronic and electronic-vibration spectra, vibrational spectra, and rotational spectra. Chapter 2 tackles the normal co-ordinate analysis of the benzene molecule; the force field of substituted benzene derivatives; and elementary problems of intensity analysis. Chapter 3 covers the normal vibrations of benzene and its derivatives, which include tangential vibrations; out-of-plane vibrations; and internal vibrations of substituent groups. The book also contains an appendix dedicated for the frequency region of different normal vibrations of benzene derivatives. The text is recommended for chemists who are intrigued with the problems related to the vibrational spectra of benzene derivatives and are in need of a reference book.

  • Holography

    Expanded and Revised from the French Edition
    • 1 Edición
    • M Francon
    • Inglés
    Holography reviews advances in the field of holography and its various applications in areas such as interferometry, microscopy, and acoustics. Topics range from acoustic holography to image multiplexing, formation of images in holography, and holography by computer. Some experiments based on Gabor's holography are also presented. This book is comprised of five chapters and begins with an overview of the fundamentals of holography, with particular reference to spatial and temporal coherence, diffraction at finite and infinite distances, and filtering of spatial frequencies. The reader is then introduced to the principles and applications of holography, focusing on the geometric optics and aberrations of holograms as well as interferometry and microscopy. The following chapters explore how images are produced and reconstructed using a hologram and explain how to detect the differences between two images. Three main types of synthetic holograms are also considered: binary holograms, holograms with several intensity levels, and the holograms called kinoforms. The last chapter is devoted to optical filtering and pattern recognition. This monograph will be of value to physicists and researchers as well as to those interested in how holography works.

  • Quarkonia

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 9
    • W. Buchmüller
    • Inglés
    The discovery of the two families of heavy-quark-antiquar... bound states, the &Ugr; and &PSgr; quarkonium spectroscopies, has played a crucial role in unravelling the nature of strong interactions. The articles collected together in this volume are concerned with the connection between quarkonia and quantum chromodynamics. They deal with potential models, spin-dependent forces, next-to-leading order QCD corrections for decay widths and energy level differences, hadronic transitions and the quark-antiquark interaction in QCD, based on perturbation theory, lattice gauge theory and QCD sum rules. Finally, a brief guide is given to the existing literature on possible new quarkonium systems which have been conjectured in connection with gluonic degrees of freedom, and with expectations for new heavy particles with colour, such as the top quark and scalar quarks.

  • Elementary Particles

    Science, Technology, and Society
    • 1 Edición
    • Luke Yuan
    • Inglés
    Elementary Particles: Science, Technology, and Society is a comprehensive review of some important developments in science and technology in relation to the study of particle physics. The book covers topics such as particle physics - its theory and experimentation, apparatuses, arguments, and speculations; elementary particle interactions in astrophysics; and the interaction of particle research with chemistry. Topics also include the application of accelerated particles in biological research; possible uses of ionizing radiations in radiotherapy; and interactions between elementary particle research and engineering. The text is recommended for particle physicists who would like to know more about the applications of their expertise in the fields of astrophysics, chemistry, biology, medicine, and engineering.

  • Physical Acoustics V4A

    Principles and Methods
    • 1 Edición
    • Warren P. Mason
    • Inglés
    Physical Acoustics: Principles and Methods, Volume IV, Part A: Applications to Quantum and Solid State Physics provides an introduction for the various applications of quantum mechanics to acoustics by describing several processes for which such considerations are essential. This book explores the magnetic fields applied to metals in the normal state, which have the effect of localizing the interaction between the acoustic waves and the electrons to specific parts of the Fermi surface. Organized into nine chapters, this volume starts with an overview of the transmission of sound waves in semiconducting crystals that are piezoelectric. This text then examines the reactions of nonpiezoelectric semiconductors with electrons through the deformation potential that changes the shape of the Fermi surface. Other chapters consider the amplification of acoustic waves in semiconductors by the application of an electric field. The final chapter examines how measurements can delineate the Fermi surface of monovalent metals. Physicists and engineers will find this book useful.

  • Advances in Microwaves V6

    • 1 Edición
    • Leo Young
    • Inglés
    Advances in Microwaves, Volume 6 is a three-chapter text that explores the fundamental principles of precision coaxial connectors, traveling wave tubes, and junction circulators. Chapter 1 discusses the significant developments in the design, accuracy, and reference standard lines of precision coaxial connectors, with an emphasis on the application of the 7-mm and 14-mm precision coaxial connectors. Chapter 2 examines the stability of strongly modulated beams in a variety of focusing systems, such as uniform magnetic fields (Brillouin and near-Brillouin flow), linearly tapered magnetic fields, and periodic-permanent-m... field systems. Chapter 3 deals with the theoretical aspects and characteristics of all types of junction circulators, with an emphasis on the lumped-element and the stripline circulator. Discussions on a theorem on passive three-port networks and star and delta networks are covered in the supplementary texts.

  • Femtophysics

    A Short Course on Particle Physics
    • 1 Edición
    • M. G. Bowler
    • Inglés
    Provides an account of what is now known about physics at scales of 1013 to 1016 cm. The existence of spin half quarks interacting through colour fields is established fact, as is the structure unifying electromagnetic and weak interaction. In Femtophysics, the author explains the evidence and communicates the essential physics underlying these recent and remarkable developments. The approach throughout is to obtain results by applying trivial algebra to the content of simple and clear physical pictures. Thus, abstract and difficult concepts can be mastered painlessly while maintaining a firm grip on the essentials. The diligent student, therefore, should acquire a comprehensive understanding of the principles underlying present day particle physics.

  • Electronics of Microwave Tubes

    • 1 Edición
    • W Kleen
    • Inglés
    Electronics of Microwave Tubes presents the fundamentals of microwave tubes. This book explains, both qualitatively and quantitatively, the effects governing the operation of microwave tubes used in telecommunications, including tubes in circuits, properties of resonant circuits, and delay lines used as tube elements. Other topics covered include electron motion in static fields; exchange of power between electron streams and periodic electric fields; and ballistic treatment of electron bunching in regions free from radio-frequency fields. The diodes and grid-controlled tubes; modulation of electron streams by traveling waves in the absence of static transverse fields; and interaction between electron beams and traveling waves in crossed electric and magnetic fields are also elaborated. This text likewise discusses the practical applications of microwave tubes; microwave resonant circuits; delay lines; and electron beams and electron guns. This publication is a good reference for students, physicists, and engineers interested in the field of microwave tubes.

  • Muon Physics V2

    Weak Interactions
    • 1 Edición
    • Vernon Hughes
    • Inglés
    Muon Physics, Volume II: Weak Interactions deals with the weak interaction of muon and covers topics ranging from the elementary particle aspects of muon decay and muon capture, as well as the conventional two- and one-neutrino-field theories. The law of lepton conservation is also considered, along with semileptonic weak interactions in nuclei. This volume is comprised of two chapters and begins with a discussion on muon decay and muon capture, offering a theoretical interpretation of the elementary-particle aspects of the decay of a muon and the capture of a muon by a proton. The law of lepton conservation is examined in both conventional two- and one-neutrino-field theories. Semileptonic weak interactions in nuclei are also examined, paying particular attention to neutrino reactions, charged-lepton capture, and β decay. The experimental results on weak interactions (low energies) are reviewed in relation to muon decay, rare and ultrarare muon decays, and muon capture. The final chapter is devoted to the interactions of muon neutrinos and limits the discussion to the high-energy type. This book is written primarily for physicists as well as students and researchers in physics.

  • Physical Acoustics V4B

    Principles and Methods
    • 1 Edición
    • Warren P. Mason
    • Inglés
    Physical Acoustics: Principles and Methods, Volume IV, Part B: Applications to Quantum and Solid State Physics provides an introduction to the various applications of quantum mechanics to acoustics by describing several processes for which such considerations are essential. This book discusses the transmission of sound waves in molten metals. Comprised of seven chapters, this volume starts with an overview of the interactions that can happen between electrons and acoustic waves when magnetic fields are present. This text then describes acoustic and plasma waves in ionized gases wherein oscillations are subject to hydrodynamic as well as electromagnetic forces. Other chapters examine the resonances and relaxations that can take place in polymer systems. This book discusses as well the general theory of the interaction of a weak sinusoidal field with matter. The final chapter describes the sound velocities in the rocks composing the Earth. This book is a valuable resource for physicists and engineers.

  • Spherical Astronomy

    • 1 Edición
    • Edgar Woolard
    • Inglés
    Spherical Astronomy provides a comprehensive treatment of the fundamental principles of positional astronomy. The text focuses on the principles of spherical astronomy and the theory of fundamental astronomical observations. Discussions are made on topics such as the celestial sphere and the nature of the reference systems of astronomy; the geometric aspects of the celestial sphere in relation to geographic position; systems of time measurement based on the rotation of the earth; and the inertial reference system. Astronomers and astrophysicists will find the book highly insightful.

  • Physical Acoustics V5

    Principles and Methods
    • 1 Edición
    • Warren P. Mason
    • Inglés
    Physical Acoustics: Principles and Methods, Volume V focuses on high frequency sound waves in liquids, solids, and gases, which are powerful tools for analyzing the molecular, domain wall, defect, and other types of motions that can take place in these media. This book discusses the measurements and techniques used for studying the effects of impurities on the anelastic properties of crystalline quartz. Comprised of six chapters, this volume starts with an overview of the various effects that can take place when waves are propagated in solids subject to high magnetic fields. This text then discusses the velocity changes and attenuation in solid and liquid metals. Other chapters consider the transmission of sound waves in superconductors and explore the giant quantum oscillations at high magnetic fields. This book discusses as well the X-ray diffraction topological method for investigating resonant vibrations. The final chapter deals with the transmission of hypersonic sound waves. This book is a valuable resource for physicists and engineers.

  • Physical Acoustics V2B

    Principles and Methods
    • 1 Edición
    • Warren P. Mason
    • Inglés
    Physical Acoustics: Principles and Methods, Volume II, Part B: Properties of Polymers and Nonlinear Acoustics presents the applications of the methods for detecting and generating sound waves. This book deals with more closely packed materials than found in liquid, which retain the ability to perform some atomic movements. Comprised of six chapters, this volume starts with an overview of the significant method for measuring nonlinearities in liquids and solids in the light diffraction method. This text then describes the basic generalization of linear viscoelastic theory, which is the only theory with enough power, range, and simplicity to be of use in relating the mechanical properties as a whole. Other chapters consider the phenomena that are observed during time-dependent dilatation of amorphous polymers and discuss the relationship of this behavior to that observed during shearing deformation. The final chapter deals with the distortion of the ultrasonic waveform arising from nonlinearity. Physicists and researchers will find this book useful.

  • Accelerator Health Physics

    • 1 Edición
    • H. Wade Patterson
    • Inglés
    Accelerator Health Physics tackles the importance of health physics in the field of nuclear physics, especially to those involved with the use of particle accelerators. The book first explores concepts in nuclear physics, such as fundamental particles, radiation fields, and the responses of the human body to radiation exposure. The book then shifts to its intended purpose and discusses the uses of particle accelerators and the radiation they emit; the measurement of the radiation fields - radiation detectors, the history, design, and application of accelerator shielding; and measures in the implementation of a health physics program. The text is recommended for health physicists who want to learn more about particle accelerators, their effects, and how these effects can be prevented. The book is also beneficial to physicists whose work involves particle accelerators, as the book aims to educate them about the hazards they face in the workplace.

  • Unidirectional Wave Motions

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 23
    • H. Levine
    • Inglés
    Unidirectional Wave Motions provides a comprehensive discussion of the formulations and their consequent elaborations which have found demonstrable value in wave analysis. The deliberate focus on unidirectional waves permits a relatively simple mathematical development, without leaving significant gaps in methodology and capability. The book is organized into three parts. The first part deals with the particulars of individual wave equations; the geometry or kinematics of wave forms; and general matters bearing on the transport of energy and momentum as well as dispersion or frequency sensitivity. The second part focuses on aspects of wave generation by localized and extended sources. The third part examines the effects of interaction between specified primary waves and medium irregularities (e.g., obstacles, inclusions, or local variations in the material parameters). Information about these irregularities or scatterers, ranging from microscopic to terrestrial scales, may be gleaned through the attendant phenomena of reflection, refraction, and diffraction, which are fundamental to wave theory.

  • Case Studies in Atomic Physics 4

    • 1 Edición
    • E McDaniel
    • Inglés
    Case Studies in Atomic Physics IV presents a collection of six case studies in atomic physics. The first study deals with the correspondence identities associated with the Coulomb potential: the Rutherford scattering identity, the Bohr-Sommerfeld identity, and the Fock identity. The second paper reviews advances in recombination. This is followed by a three-part study on relativistic self-consistent field (SCF) calculations. The first part considers relativistic SCF calculations in general, and in particular discusses different configurational averaging techniques and various statistical exchange approximations. The second part reviews the relativistic theory of hyperfine structure. The third part makes a number of comparisons between experimental results and values obtained in different SCF schemes, with exact as well as approximate exchange. The next case study on pseudopotentials compares the results of model potential and pseudopotential calculations. The final study reviews, on a kinetic basis, the behavior of low density ion swarms in a neutral gas.

  • The Plasma State

    • 1 Edición
    • Juda Shohet
    • Inglés
    The Plasma State discusses the fundamental principles that describe plasma occurrence. The book reviews the plasma state, collisions, collisional processes, diffusion, mobility, Rutherford scattering, and the collision cross-section. The motion of isolated charged particles occurs in electrical, magnetic, or gravitational fields. During low plasma density and low background gas pressure, the collision frequency is also low. It is during this time that the single particle approach can be studied using a fundamental equation of motion. The text also discusses the problems encountered in the presence of extremely large numbers of particles, moving and interacting with one another. Other topics related to the statistics of collisions and fluid behavior are the collisionless Boltzmann equation, inclusion of collisional processes in statistical descriptions, and the "integrate out" of velocity dependence of the collisionless Boltzmann equation which gives a fluid model of a plasma. The book also describes the different acceleration processes, such as Coulomb collisions, electron or ion-neutral collisions, collective or wave phenomena, that all produce radiation. The text is suitable for students of physics, engineering, atomic physics.

  • Liquid Semiconductors

    • 1 Edición
    • Melvin Cutler
    • Inglés
    Liquid Semiconductors explores the status of the subject area's field for the purpose of being a reference to future studies and investigations. Although the main area of interest here is the electronic behavior of liquid semiconductors, the book still includes basic concepts and information, thus serving as a complete source of information in the subject area. The book is organized according to the state of development of the field. After an introductory chapter, the contents of the book are divided under three major sections. The first section (Chapters 2-4) focuses on a systematic review of experimental information and attempts to answer some of the basic questions about the field. The next section (Chapters 5-6) explores the experimental behavior, specifically the theoretical basis in its interpretation. The final section (Chapters 7-8) examines existing information regarding liquid semiconductors in terms of existing theories and concepts in order to come up with specific conclusions. This book caters to both students and scholars in the field of physics or chemistry (specifically condensed matter). Readers with a general interest in the subject area can also use the book as reference.

  • Chemical Compounds in The Atmosphere

    • 1 Edición
    • T Graedel
    • Inglés
    Chemical Compounds in the Atmosphere deals with the chemistry of organic and inorganic compounds found in the atmosphere, including rare gases and compounds of oxygen and hydrogen, halogenated aromatic compounds, and organometallic compounds. The sources and concentrations of atmospheric trace gases are discussed, along with their chemical reactions and ultimate fates. The compounds are divided into groups on the basis of chemical constituent or chemical structure. Comprised of 10 chapters, this book opens with an overview of atmospheric composition and atmospheric chemistry, followed by a discussion on inorganic compounds present in the troposphere such as rare gases and compounds containing nitrogen, sulfur, and halogens. The next chapters focus on hydrocarbons such as alkanes, alkenes, and alkynes; carbonyl compounds such as ketones and aldehydes; oxygenated and nitrogen- and sulfur-containing organic compounds; organic halogenated compounds such as mercaptans and thiocyanates; and organometallic compounds such as organophosphorus pesticides. The final chapter is a synthesis of data on atmospheric compounds mentioned in this text, with emphasis on their occurrence, sources, oxidation, and lifetimes. The chemistry of acid rain is also considered. This monograph will be of value to those engaged in atmospheric measurements, theoretical and laboratory studies of chemical parameters relevant to the atmosphere, and air quality assessments.

  • Internal Conversion Coefficients for Multipolarities E1,…, E4, M1,…, M4

    • 1 Edición
    • Katharine Way
    • Inglés
    Atomic and Nuclear Data Reprints, Volume 1: Internal Conversion Coefficients: For Multipolarities E1,. . ., E4, M1,. . ., M4 covers a complete set of values for the internal conversion coefficients. This volume provides a compact tool for the analysis of nuclear radiations. This book contains four chapters and starts with a presentation of values of the internal conversion coefficient, number of electrons per photon emitted in a nuclear transition, from relativistic self-consistent-fiel... calculation, which takes into account finite nuclear size, hole and exchange effects, experimental electron binding energies, and vacuum polarization. The next two chapters provide the conversion coefficients for the four lowest electric and magnetic nuclear transition multipoles, E1 . . . E4, M1 . . . M4, for electrons in the K- , L - , and M-shells and L-, M-, and N-subshells as a function of nuclear-transition or gamma-ray energy. The last chapter presents the K- and L-shell internal conversion coefficients for transition energies above 1 MeV.

  • Contemporary Nonlinear Optics

    • 1 Edición
    • Robert Boyd
    • Inglés
    Contemporary Nonlinear Optics discusses the different activities in the field of nonlinear optics. The book is comprised of 10 chapters. Chapter 1 presents a description of the field of nonlinear guided-wave optics. Chapter 2 surveys a new branch of nonlinear optics under the heading optical solitons. Chapter 3 reviews recent progress in the field of optical phase conjugation. Chapter 4 discusses ultrafast nonlinear optics, a field that is growing rapidly with the ability of generating and controlling femtosecond optical pulses. Chapter 5 examines a branch of nonlinear optics that may be termed nonlinear quantum optics. Chapter 6 reviews the new field of photorefractive adaptive neural networks. Chapter 7 presents a discussion of recent successes in the development of nonlinear optical media based on organic materials. Chapter 8 reviews the field of nonlinear optics in quantum confined structures. Chapter 9 reviews the field of nonlinear laser spectroscopy, with emphasis on advances made during the 1980s. Finally, Chapter 10 reviews the field of nonlinear optical dynamics by considering nonlinear optical systems that exhibit temporal, spatial, or spatio-temporal instabilities. This book is a valuable source for physicists and other scientists interested in optical systems and neural networks.

  • Positron Annihilation

    Proceedings of the Conference held at Wayne State University on July 27-29,1965
    • 1 Edición
    • A.T. Steward
    • Inglés
    Positron Annihilation focuses on the process of positron annihilation in different environments. Partitioned into two parts with 42 chapters, the book contains the contributions of authors who have done research on the annihilation of positrons, which brought about valuable information on the properties of matter. The first part of the book deals with lengthy review articles, including a survey of the physics of positron annihilation; positron annihilation in metals and the theory involved in the process; and positron annihilation in alkali halides and ionic crystals. Positronium formation and interaction in gases, molecular substances, and ionic crystals are also given attention. Gaseous positronics and positron annihilation in condensed gases and liquids are also discussed. The second part of the book focuses on developments on positron annihilation and the direction of research on this field. The studies concentrate on positron annihilation in various crystals, metals, mercury, liquefied gases, helium, and metal oxides. Numerical representations and analyses are presented to support the processes involved. The book can best serve the interest of those who want to explore further the annihilation of positrons.

  • The Theory of Auger Transitions

    • 1 Edición
    • D Chattarji
    • Inglés
    The Theory of Auger Transitions reviews the Auger effect theory, relating it to the broad spectrum of atomic and physical theory. This book discusses the Auger effect involving discrete and continuous states of the atomic system, which can be used as a good testing ground for fundamental atomic theory, such as the various atomic models and their concomitant wave functions. The application of Auger spectroscopy to surface chemical analysis is also elaborated. Other topics include the symmetry and invariance, theory of the Auger process, coulomb field and coulomb wave functions, and symmetry-breaking and classification of states. The central-field calculations, many-electron atom, advances in Auger theory, and Auger electron spectroscopy and its application to surface science are likewise covered in this text. This publication is intended for scientists and atomic physicists, but is also useful to theoreticians and graduate student specializing in atomic physics.

  • High Energy Physics

    • 1 Edición
    • E Burhop
    • Inglés
    High Energy Physics, Volume V is a collection of papers that discusses photo- and electro-production processes, Reggae phenomenology, and quantum electrodynamics. The book explains the details involved in pion photo-production and electro-production, such as the kinematics, the choice of invariant amplitudes, the multipole amplitude, helicity amplitude expansions of the transition matrix, cross section, polarization formulas. The text also discusses high energy phenomenology using Regge poles, particularly on finite energy sum rules (FESR), duality, the Veneziano model, and Regge cuts. The Veneziano model, a form of amplitude combining low energy resonances and high energy Regge behavior in an analytic and crossing-symmetric ways, satisfies FESR. The model also provides a true realization of duality. The book analyzes evidence on the validity of quantum electrodynamics showing no grave discrepancies that are present between quantum electrodynamics and experiments. The text then describes the low energy tests and the high energy tests (including those with storage rings). The book can prove useful for theoretical physicists, investigators of quantum mechanics, and professors of advance physics.

  • The Nuclear Overhauser Effect

    • 1 Edición
    • Joseph Noggle
    • Inglés
    The Nuclear Overhauser Effect aims to provide a unified treatment of both the theory and applications of the NOE that would be accessible to the chemist who is not a specialist in NMR, but who would nevertheless like to use the NOE to solve problems in his own area of interest. Assuming only that the reader has a typical chemist's working knowledge of NMR, an attempt is made to present the results in each section in a sufficiently simple form so that little mathematical sophistication will be required to apply them with understanding. This book comprises eight chapters, and begins with a focus on nuclear spin-lattice relaxation. The following chapters then discuss mechanisms of spin-lattice relaxation; the nuclear overhauser effect in rigid molecules; the effects of internal motions; experimental methods; transient methods; the effects of chemical exchange; and applications of the nuclear overhauser effect, with a review of available literature. This book will be of interest to practitioners in the fields of chemistry and physics.

  • Electromagnetic Scattering

    • 1 Edición
    • Piergiorgio Uslenghi
    • Inglés
    Electromagnetic Scattering is a collection of studies that aims to discuss methods, state of the art, applications, and future research in electromagnetic scattering. The book covers topics related to the subject, which includes low-frequency electromagnetic scattering; the uniform asymptomatic theory of electromagnetic edge diffraction; analyses of problems involving high frequency diffraction and imperfect half planes; and multiple scattering of waves by periodic and random distribution. Also covered in this book are topics such as theories of scattering from wire grid and mesh structures; the electromagnetic inverse problem; computational methods for transmission of waves; and developments in the use of complex singularities in the electromagnetic theory. Engineers and physicists who are interested in the study, developments, and applications of electromagnetic scattering will find the text informative and helpful.

  • Magnetism V5

    • 1 Edición
    • Harry Suhl
    • Inglés
    Magnetism, Volume V: Magnetic Properties of Metallic Alloys deals with the magnetic properties of metallic alloys and covers topics ranging from conditions favoring the localization of effective moments to the s-d model and the Kondo effect, along with perturbative, scattering, and Green's function theories of the s-d model. Asymptotically exact methods used in addressing the Kondo problem are also described. Comprised of 12 chapters, this volume begins with a review of experimental results and phenomenology concerning the formation of local magnetic moments in metals, followed by a Hartree-Fock description of local states. The intensive activity that followed Kondo's discovery of a serious divergence in the perturbative calculation of certain physical properties of magnetic alloys is described in detail. The parallel problems encountered when the matrix is superconducting are discussed from a theoretical viewpoint. The remaining chapters examine the coexistence of superconductivity and magnetism; magnetic hyperfine-interactio... studies of the s-d model and the Kondo effect; functional integral methods for the problem of magnetic impurities; and magnetic moment effects in superconductors. This book will be of interest to students and practitioners in solid state physics.

  • Optics of Charged Particles

    • 1 Edición
    • Hermann Wollnik
    • Inglés
    Optics of Charged Particles describes how charged particles move in the main and fringing fields of magnetic or electrostatic dipoles, quadrupoles, and hexapoles using the same type of formulation and consistent nomenclature throughout. This book not only describes the particle trajectories and beam shapes, but also provides guidelines for designing particle optical instruments. The topics discussed include Gaussian optics and transfer matrices, general relations for the motion of charged particles in electromagnetic fields, and quadrupole lenses. The sector field lenses, charged particle beams and phase space, and particle beams in periodic structures are also elaborated. This text likewise considers the fringing fields, image aberrations, and design of particle spectrometers and beam guide lines. This publication is suitable for undergraduate students in physics and mathematics.

  • Nuclear, Particle and Many Body Physics

    • 1 Edición
    • Philip Morse
    • Inglés
    Nuclear, Particle, and Many Body Physics, Volume I is a collection of scientific papers dedicated to the memory of Amos de-Shalit, a distinguished physicist. The book contains chapters that discuss various studies in the field of nuclear and particle physics. The text covers such topics as chemical binding in classical Coulomb lattices; algebraic treatment of subsidiary conditions in dual resonance models; the complete Schwarzschild solution; the investigation of nucleon-nucleon correlations by means of high-energy scattering; and some aspects on the magnetic-dipole moments of states in near-spherical nuclei. Theoretical, experimental, and nuclear physicists, researchers, and students in the field of physics will find the book invaluable.

  • Variational Methods in Nuclear Reactor Physics

    • 1 Edición
    • Weston M. Jr. Stacey
    • Inglés
    Nuclear Science and Technology, Volume 10: Variational Methods in Nuclear Reactor Physics presents the mathematical methods of a variational origin that are useful in obtaining approximate solutions to science and engineering problems. This book is composed of five chapters and begins with a discussion on the variation principles for physical systems described by both inhomogeneous and homogeneous equations to develop a generalized perturbation theory. Chapter 2 deals with the applications of variational estimates and generalized perturbation theory to neutron transport problems. Chapter 3 covers the variation principles of the Lagrangian form that are constructed for a general, linear- time-dependent process and for the specific case of the P1 neutron kinetics equations. Chapter 4 presents the general procedure for the variational derivation of synthesis approximations and their applications to problems in reactor physics. This chapter also examines the relationship of the spatial synthesis and finite-element method and a hybrid method that combines features of both methods. Chapter 5 describes the relationship of variation theory with the Hamilton-Jacobi theory and with the optimization theories of the maximum principle and dynamic programming. Nuclear physicists and researchers will find this text invaluable.

  • Nuclear Magnetic Resonance and Electron Spin Resonance Spectra

    • 1 Edición
    • Herbert Hershenson
    • Inglés
    Nuclear Magnetic Resonance and Electron Spin Resonance Spectra, Index for 1958-1963 contains 8000 references to nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and electron spin resonance (ESR) spectra published in 67 worldwide journals and two collections from 1958 to 1963. This index aims to provide a means for the location of published NMR and ESR spectra, listing references as simple as possible for cross-sectioning purposes of average users. Each reference consists of an abbreviated symbol of the journal, volume number, and page where an actual spectrum of the compound mentioned may be found. This compilation is arranged alphabetically according to the compounds whose spectra are given. In the case of inorganic compounds, solution spectra are normally indexed according to the ion that contributes the significant absorption. This publication is suitable for chemistry students and specialists researching on NMR and ESR.

  • Hadrons and Their Interactions

    Current and Field Algebra, Soft Pions, Supermultiplets, and Related Topics
    • 1 Edición
    • A Zichichi
    • Inglés
    Hadrons and Their Interactions: Current and Field Algebra, Soft Pions, Supermultiplets, and Related Topics focuses on formulas, principles, and interactions involved in the study of physics. The compilation contains the papers presented at the ""Ettore Majorana,"" held in Erice on July 1-14, 1967. Divided into three parts with 22 chapters, the compilation focuses first on lectures on soft pions; the method of phenomenological lagrangians and algebra of fields; and radiative corrections to beta decay and the structure of hadrons. The second part focuses on seminars. The areas covered include a review of coherent production in strong interactions; spontaneous breakdown and the weak interaction angle; and the symmetries of the S-matrix. The concluding part also focuses on lectures, including lectures on the present status of the fundamental interactions; a pedagogical exercise in binning and resolution; and the pomeranchuk affair and twisting trajectories. The compilation is a valuable source of data for readers and physicists wanting to explore the interactions of hadrons.

  • Nonlinear Models of Interacting Populations

    • 1 Edición
    • N Goel
    • Inglés
    On the Volterra and Other Nonlinear Models of Interacting Populations explores the various models brought upon to investigate the different assemblies known to man. Assemblies include populations of various biological species, countries, and political parties among others. Because there are numerous assemblies to be measured and evaluated, it has been decided that a standard model be used to ascertain a detailed investigation. One of the models that have been brought forward is introduced by Volterra, which started as a basis for ecological processes. The book begins by establishing that Volterra’s model is one of the simplest nonlinear competition models. It explores the model through the study of the population growth of a species. It also covers other theories and concepts relating to the Volterra model in the context of the study. These include equilibrium theory, diversity and stability in ecological systems, and time lags in population among others. The book is a helpful reference for students, researchers, scientists, policymakers, and other parties in search of model/s that fully investigate different assemblies.

  • Facets of Physics

    • 1 Edición
    • D. Allan Bromley
    • Inglés
    Facets of Physics contains the major papers in the symposium on May 3, 1968 dedicated to Gregory Breit's honor. This book covers different facets of physics and the contributions made by Breit. The book reviews the development of the current knowledge of the nucleon-nucleon interaction, the status of understanding on the nuclear matter, and the detailed treatment of the finite nuclei. It also examines the consequences of the short-range nature of nuclear forces, the importance of the Breit interaction in atomic physics and quantum thermodynamics, and different proton-proton scattering studies. This book is a good reading material for nuclear physicists and other scientists who are interested in atomic physics and quantum thermodynamics.

  • Heat and Concentration Waves

    Analysis and Application
    • 1 Edición
    • G Turner
    • Inglés
    Heat and Concentration Waves: Analysis and Applications describes the behavior of a limited class of waves of temperature or concentration that travels in a continuous medium, which itself is moving. This book is organized into nine chapters that discuss wave equations as solutions to linear differential equations. After briefly dealing with the fundamentals of waves and pulsed, this book goes on discussing the effect of introducing either an impulse or a steady source into a stream of uniform velocity or the so-called one-dimensional flow. The following chapters present some simplest basic equations for parameter determination in a flowing medium. These chapters also describe the pulses at an ideal boundary and the behavior of sine waves at such boundary, including the concept of reflections and the ease with which sine waves overcome the problems of incorporating boundary conditions into an experimental determination. This text further examines the behavior of reservoir phases under time-varying temperature or concentration. A chapter focuses on high-precision experimental measurements of sine waves. The concluding chapter outlines the computational processes, with emphasis on the estimation of experimental errors because of their effect on the reliability of parameter determination. Topics covered in the supplementary texts include the transformation of variables; the evaluation of important integrals; the normal distribution curve; aspects of the Laplace transform; some forms of transport equation common to both heat and mass transfer processes; and the interference of waves. This book will be of value to physical chemists, chemical and petroleum reservoir engineers, process metallurgists, physiologists, hydrologists, and soil scientists.

  • Subnuclear Phenomena Part B

    • 1 Edición
    • A Zichichi
    • Inglés
    Subnuclear Phenomena, Part B is the second part of the compilation of the proceedings of the seventh Course of the International School of Physics, held in July 1969 in Erice, Italy. The said program is focused on the analyticity and algebraic properties in particle physics. This book includes topics such as leptonic and semileptonic interactions; nonleptonic decays; baryon, nucleon, and meson resonances; inelastic collision of hadrons; and the quark model. Also covered are specialized topics such as the large hydrogen bubble chamber; physics of Ke4 decays; and the dispersion theory. Just like Part A, this part is recommended for physicists, especially those interested in the further study of particle physics.

  • Thermal Design Principles of Spacecraft and Entry Bodies

    • 1 Edición
    • Jerry Bevans
    • Inglés
    Progress in Astronautics and Aeronautics, Volume 21: Thermal Design Principles of Spacecraft and Entry Bodies is a collection of technical papers drawn mainly from the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics Third Thermophysics Specialist Conference, held in Los Angeles, California on June 24-26, 1968 This volume is divided into three parts. The first part covers some aspects of thermal processes and design, including thermal analysis, convection, radiation, ablation, and space rocket effects. The second part surveys the remote measurements of the thermophysical and thermal radiation properties and joint conductance, which are critical criteria for space thermal design. The third part focuses on the space environmental effects on thermal coatings. This part deals first with the theory of radiative degradation, followed by a presentation of the laboratory measurements. This part also looks into the results of several flight experiments. This book will be of great value to thermophysicists, space engineers, and designers who are working in the space science fields.

  • Theory and Practice of Emulsion Technology

    • 1 Edición
    • A.L. Smith
    • Inglés
    Theory and Practice of Emulsion Technology covers the proceedings of the Theory and Practice of Emulsion Technology Symposium, held at Brunel University on September 16-18, 1974. This book is organized into four sessions encompassing 19 chapters. The opening session deals with the emulsification process and emulsion polymerization, as well as the adsorption behavior of polyelectrolyte-stab... emulsions. The following session examines the rheological properties, stability, and fluid mechanics of emulsions. This session also looks into the role of protein conformation and crude oil-water interfacial properties in emulsion stability. The third session highlights the preparation, formation, properties, and application of bitumen emulsions. The concluding session describes the process of spontaneous emulsification; the steric emulsion stabilization; the interfacial measurements of oil-in-water emulsions; and the influence of the disperse phase on emulsion stability. This book will be of value to chemists, chemical and process engineers, and researchers.

  • Marine Physics

    • 1 Edición
    • R Craig
    • Inglés
    Marine Physics guides different disciplines regarding the study of the sea and provides basic understanding of the fundamental theories and premises of the other disciplines. This book is comprised of eight chapters, beginning with some concepts regarding movement of the sea, such as the density currents, diffusion processes, and wind currents in deep water. These occurrences in the sea are thoroughly discussed and explained through theories and concepts behind them. The next three chapters deal more closely on the broad topic of oceanography. Some of the topics include qualitative physical characteristics, waves in both deep and shallow water, and the tides. The last two chapters discuss optics and acoustics as they are applied in the study of marine science. This book aims to be of use to students in various disciplines involved in not just marine science, but also in engineering, biology, and physics.

  • Tree Rings and Climate

    • 1 Edición
    • H Fritts
    • Inglés
    Tree Rings and Climate deals with the principles of dendrochronology, with emphasis on tree-ring studies involving climate-related problems. This book looks at the spatial and temporal variations in tree-ring growth and how they can be used to reconstruct past climate. Factors and conditions that appear most relevant to tree-ring research are highlighted. Comprised of nine chapters, this book opens with an overview of the basic biological facts and principles of tree growth, as well as the most important terms, principles, and concepts of dendrochronology. The discussion then shifts to the basic biology governing the response of ring width to variation in climate; systematic variations in the width and cell structure of annual tree rings; and the significance of tree growth and structure to dendroclimatology. The movement of materials and internal water relations of trees are also considered, along with photosynthesis, respiration, and the climatic and environmental system. Models of the growth-climate relationships as well as the basic statistics and methods of analysis of these relationships are described. The final chapter includes a general discussion of dendroclimatographic data and presents examples of statistical models that are useful for reconstructing spatial variations in climate. This monograph will be of interest to climatologists, college students, and practitioners in fields such as botany, archaeology, hydrology, oceanography, biology, physiology, forestry, and geophysics.

  • Elementary Processes at High Energy Pt A

    • 1 Edición
    • A Zichichi
    • Inglés
    Elementary Processes at High Energy, Part A covers the proceedings of the eighth Course of The International School of Subnuclear Physics held in Erice, Italy, in July 1970. The said conference is focused on the study of phenomenological approaches to particle physics as well as other specialized topics in the field. The book is divided into three parts. Part 1 discusses electron position annihilators; weak interactions; and hadron processes at higher energies. Part 2 covers topics such as rigorous results from field theory and unitarity; finite theory of quantum electrodynamics; and models for hadronic reactions. Part 3 topics include gravitation; symmetry principles in physics; and electromagnetic production of hadronic resonances. The text is recommended for physicists, especially those who are interested in the developments in the field of particle physics.

  • Quantum Mechanics For Applied Physics And Engineering

    • 1 Edición
    • Albert T. Jr. Fromhold
    • Inglés
    Quantum Mechanics for Applied Physics and Engineering is devoted to the use of quantum mechanics in applied physics and engineering. Topics covered include elementary quantum theory, quantum statistics and many-particle systems, and energy bands in crystals. Approximation techniques for the Schrödinger equation are also described. Comprised of seven chapters, this book opens with an overview of basic quantum mechanics and includes a discussion on wave-particle duality, probability current density, and periodic boundary conditions. Quantum statistics is then considered as a prelude to the free-electron theory of metals, along with the use of perturbation theory to evaluate modifications in free-electron theory. The following chapters explore the use of WKB approximation to deduce the transmission coefficient for electron tunneling in solids; the theory of electronic energy bands; and the application of the Schrödinger equation to the problem of the periodic potential of a crystalline solid. Examples from solid-state physics are employed to illustrate specific applications and to demonstrate the principal results that can be deduced by means of quantum theory. This monograph is written primarily for engineers and applied physicists.

  • Internal Conversion Processes

    • 1 Edición
    • Joseph Hamilton
    • Inglés
    Internal Conversion Processes documents the proceedings of the International Conference on the Internal Conversion Process held at Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee on May 10-13, 1965. This compilation discusses the internal conversion theory; experimental methods for the determination of internal conversion coefficients; and conversion electron-gamma directional correlation. Other topics include the application of the internal-external conversion (IEC) method to the lens-type spectrometer; anomalies of E2 conversion coefficients in the deformed-nucleus region; and conversion coefficients of mixed E2-M1 rotational transitions. The anomalous El conversion; internal conversion electrons from primary fission fragments; particle parameters measured in pure transitions; and survey of El transitions in the rare earth region are also discussed in this book. This publication is a good reference for nuclear physicists and researchers conducting work on the various types of measurements that involve internal conversion electrons.

  • Statistical Mechanics, Kinetic theory, and Stochastic Processes

    • 1 Edición
    • C.V. Heer
    • Inglés
    Statistical Mechanics, Kinetic Theory, and Stochastic Processes presents the statistical aspects of physics as a "living and dynamic" subject. In order to provide an elementary introduction to kinetic theory, physical systems in which particle-particle interaction can be neglected are considered. Transport phenomena in the free-molecular flow region for gases and the transport of thermal radiation are discussed. Discrete random processes such as random walk, binomial and Poisson distributions, and throwing of dice are studied by means of the characteristic function. Comprised of 11 chapters, this book begins with an introduction to the mass point gas as well as some elementary properties of space and velocity distributions. The discussion then turns to radiation and its interaction with an atom; probability, statistics, and conditional probability; intermolecular interactions; transport phenomena; and statistical thermodynamics. Molecular systems at low densities are also considered, together with non-ideal and real gases; liquids and solids; and stochastic processes, noise, and fluctuations. In particular, the response of atoms and molecules to perturbations and scattering by crystals, liquids, and high-pressure gases are examined. This monograph will be useful for undergraduate students, practitioners, and researchers in physics.

  • Nuclear Structure

    • 1 Edición
    • William Hornyak
    • Inglés
    Nuclear Structure covers material usually discussed in courses about nuclear structure. The presentation, although recommends and not necessarily requires the reader to have some knowledge of introductory nuclear physics at an elementary or undergraduate level, requires a good knowledge of the elements of quantum mechanics, including an introduction to Dirac theory. The text covers topics such as nucleon-nucleon forces, the boson-exchange model, high-energy electron scattering, and the single particle shell model. Also covered are topics such as single-particle potentials, spin-orbit interactions, the individual-particle model, states of different nuclei, electromagnetic interactions with nuclei, and beta-decay. The book is recommended for nuclear physics students who have background knowledge on nuclear structure and would like to know more about the topic.

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