Saltar al contenido principal
Elsevier

Libros en Superficies e Interfaces

  • Hydrophilic-Lipophilic Deviation in Formulation Science and Technology

    Principles, Methods, and Applications of HLD
    • 1 Edición
    • Jean-Louis Salager + 2 más
    • Inglés
    Hydrophilic-Lipophil... Deviation in Formulation Science and Technology: Principles, Methods, and Applications of HLD offers an in-depth examination of the Hydrophilic-Lipophil... Deviation (HLD) concept as a foundational, quantifiable optimization tool in the formulation science of surfactant, oil, and water systems. It brings together contributions from leading experts to cover the historical development of formulation concepts in the past hundred years, from the Bancroft rule, Winsor R, Beerbover CER, Israelachvili intermolecular packing, Griffin HLB and Shinoda PIT through to the advanced HLD multivariable framework, as a way to select an appropriate multi surrogate expression. It provides a deep dive into critical topics such as surfactant and oil characterization, macro-/micro-/nano-e... formulation and properties, particularly interfacial rheology. It also deals with practical applications such as detergency, enhanced oil recovery (EOR), demulsification, asphaltic emulsions, food processing and distribution, cosmetics and medical preparations, and other consumer or industrial products. Each chapter combines theoretical foundations with practical insights, including mistakes and confusions, supported by case studies and recent research findings. The structured approach facilitates a comprehensive understanding the meaning of HLD and its impact on formulation science in various sectors including academia and industry.This book will address the challenges faced by practitioners in designing and optimizing formulations, ultimately enhancing product performance in interfacial tension, solubilization, time stability and fluid properties. Hydrophilic-Lipophil... Deviation in Formulation Science and Technology: Principles, Methods, and Applications of HLD is written primarily for advanced researchers, scientists, and engineers specializing in formulation science, colloid and interface science, surfactant chemistry, and chemical engineering.

  • Advanced Nanostructured Thin Films for Biomedical Applications

    • 1 Edición
    • Mariana Amorim Fraga + 2 más
    • Inglés
    Advanced Nanostructured Thin Films for Biomedical Applications provides a comprehensive resource for understanding both theoretical first principles and computational modeling concepts and applications of nanostructured thin films. Additionally, it includes information on the latest advancements in the field, along with detailed discussions of current challenges in applying nanostructured thin films and self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) tailored specifically for biomedical applications. The book offers a structured and detailed resource that covers both fundamental and advanced topics, as well as applications, making it a valuable tool to support ongoing research and development in thin films for biomedical applications.In particular, the book addresses not only fundamental principles but also advanced techniques in design and synthesis, first principles theory and computational modeling, and functionalization of nanostructured thin films, including self-assembled monolayers (SAMs). It also discusses challenges such as biocompatibility, stability, and scalability, along with practical strategies and solutions that guide readers on how to overcome common obstacles in the development and application of nanostructured thin films.

  • Sensing

    Long-Lived Resonances
    • 1 Edición
    • Leonard Dobrzyński + 6 más
    • Inglés
    Sensing: Long-Lived Resonances investigates and provides a solid understanding of long-lived resonance sensing, illustrated by simple examples. Each chapter introduces and defines the sensing resonances, their localized paths, and applications. Many examples in the book apply these methods to materials and sensing systems. The ultimate aim of the book is to pave the way for the creation and improvement of sensors and devices for telecommunications and applied natural sciences. The different examples presented within each chapter of this book can help close the gaps in communication between physicists and specialists using sensor results within their practices.

  • Metal Oxide Supported Metal Nanoparticles

    Synthesis, Characterization, and Applications
    • 1 Edición
    • Fabiano Bernardi
    • Inglés
    Metal Oxide Supported Metal Nanoparticles: Synthesis, Characterization, and Applications combines a theoretical description of the metal–oxide interface and its fabrication with the current state-of-the-art in characterization and applications. The book takes a holistic approach that allows readers to view this complex field of research from many different angles, reach new conclusions, and develop new methods and materials. It presents approaches to these materials from a diverse range of perspectives, providing a comprehensive resource for researchers in materials science, engineering, physics, and chemistry to learn about the latest developments in the field.It addition, the book elaborates on how different synthesis techniques from different fields can be applied to metal oxide supported metal nanoparticles. Recent uses of metal oxide supported metal nanoparticles are also presented, including applications in the catalysis, photocatalysis, energy, and sensor fields.

  • Nanostructured Thin Film Deposition by Sputtering

    From Fundamentals to Applications
    • 1 Edición
    • Kanak Kalita + 3 más
    • Inglés
    Nanostructured Thin Film Deposition by Sputtering: From Fundamentals to Applications provides an exhaustive overview of the significant influence of sputtering in the production of nanostructured thin films. It begins with a review of the historical evolution and fundamental principles inherent to sputtering before delving into a thorough examination of thin films, covering their distinctive properties, the impact of sputtering, and the role of target materials. Building upon this base, the book unveils advanced sputtering methodologies, augmented with applicable case studies. The book provides an in-depth study of nanostructured thin films, addressing their diverse forms, and the elaborate procedures for nanostructure characterization. Finally, it embarks on an extensive analysis of the broad range of applications of sputtered nanostructured thin films, with a focus on sectors such as electronics, optics, biomedicine, and environmental science, as well as promising domains like automotive, oil and gas, food, and energy sectors. This approach offers a sweeping view of sputtering, bridging basic concepts and sophisticated aspects, thereby crafting an invaluable compendium for both researchers and learners in the field.

  • Zeta Potential

    Fundamentals, Methods, and Applications
    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 39
    • Andrei S. Dukhin + 1 más
    • Inglés
    Zeta Potential: Fundamentals, Methods, and Applications provides an up-to-date exploration of the principles and practice of zeta potential measurements. Tailored for an interdisciplinary audience, the book is invaluable for researchers, engineers, and students in fields like materials science, chemistry, and nanotechnology. It delves into the role of zeta potential in complex heterogeneous liquids such as dispersions and emulsions, and its significance in biomedical and industrial applications. By offering comprehensive yet accessible coverage, this book aims to bridge the educational gap and enhance understanding of this essential electric double layer characteristic.In addition to covering fundamental principles, the book emphasizes modern measurement methods, including electrophoresis, electroacoustics, and streaming current. It highlights the switch towards using zeta potential in formulation and quality control, providing a thorough review of published research. This allows readers to find data relevant to their projects. The book is a crucial resource for those who wish to navigate the complexities of zeta potential applications, ensuring precise and reliable results in their work.

  • Fundamentals of Vacuum Science and System Design for High and Ultrahigh Vacuum, Volume 1

    Introduction to Vacuum and Systems
    • 1 Edición
    • J.R. Gaines + 1 más
    • Inglés
    Fundamentals of Vacuum Science and System Design for High and Ultrahigh Vacuum, Volume 1: Introduction to Vacuum and Systems details the important practical considerations in design of vacuum systems for various vacuum deposition technologies. Topics covered include an introduction to vacuum and end-uses, molecular density in vacuum, molecular flow in various vacuum regimes, characteristics of gas composition at various molecular densities, general principles of gas–solid interactions, vacuum pump technology, pressure sensors, leak detection, and the impact of fundamental design decisions and operating practices on vacuum system performance.The introductory sections are designed to introduce the reader to basic concepts in vacuum technology. More detailed sections provide fundamental descriptions of basic vacuum pumps and pumping mechanisms in current practice and provides insight into the various pros and cons for each approach. System design, assembly, maintenance, and trouble-shooting are reviewed in detail.The book also describes a wide range of pressure measurement approaches, and includes several key characterization techniques, example applications on systems for rough vacuum, high vacuum and ultrahigh vacuum, as well as trade-offs in system design. These perspectives will allow the reader to develop an understanding of all the elements required for a successfully designed, assembled, and operating system.

  • Resonance

    Long-Lived Waves
    • 1 Edición
    • Leonard Dobrzyński + 2 más
    • Inglés
    Resonance: Long-Lived Waves, a volume in the Interface Transmission Tutorial Book series, introduces long-life resonance properties for telecommunications. The book's authors review the general analysis methods of interface transmission, giving many examples and applying these methods to telecommunications systems (materials and devices). Each chapter introduces and defines the long-lived resonances, their path states and phase shifts, and applications.This book is suitable for materials scientists and engineers in academia and R&D, and may also be appropriate for applied physicists.

  • Physics in Biology and Medicine

    • 5 Edición
    • Paul Davidovits
    • Inglés
    A best-selling resource now in its fifth edition, Paul Davidovits’ Physics in Biology and Medicine provides a high-quality and highly relevant physics grounding for students working toward careers in the medical and related professions. The text does not assume a prior background in physics, but provides it as required. It discusses biological systems that can be analyzed quantitatively and demonstrates how advances in the life sciences have been aided by the knowledge of physical or engineering analysis techniques, with applications, practice, and illustrations throughout. Physics in Biology and Medicine, Fifth Edition, includes new material and corresponding exercises on many exciting developments in the field since the prior edition, including biomechanics of joint replacement; biotribology and frictional properties of biological materials such as saliva, hair, and skin; 3-D printing and its use in medicine; new materials in dentistry; microfluidics and its applications to medicine; health, fractals, and the second law of thermodynamics; bioelectronic medicine; microsensors in medicine; role of myelin in learning, cryoelectron microscopy; clinical uses of sound; health impact of nanoparticle in polluted air. This revised edition delivers a concise and engaging introduction to the role and importance of physics in biology and medicine. It is ideal for courses in biophysics, medical physics, and related subjects.

  • Control of Semiconductor Interfaces

    Proceedings of the First International Symposium, on Control of Semiconductor Interfaces, Karuizawa, Japan, 8-12 November, 1993
    • 1 Edición
    • I. Ohdomari + 2 más
    • Inglés
    This book focuses exclusively on control of interfacial properties and structures for semiconductor device applications from the point of view of improving and developing novel electrical properties. The following topics are covered: metal-semiconductors... semiconductor hetero-interfaces, characterization, semiconducting new materials, insulator-semiconduc... interfaces in device, control of interface formation, control of interface properties, contact metallization.A variety of up-to-date research topics such as atomic layer epitaxy, atomic layer passivation, atomic scale characterization including STM and SR techniques, single ion implementation, self-organization crystal growth, in situ measurements for process control and extremely high-spatial resolution analysis techniques, are also included. Furthermore it bridges the macroscopic, mesoscopic, and atomic-scale regimes of semicondutor interfaces, describing the state of the art in forming, controlling and characterizating unique semiconductor interfaces, which will be of practical importance in advanced devices. Intended for both technologists who require an up-to-date assessment of methods for interface formation, processing and characterization, and solid state researchers who desire the latest developments in understanding the basic mechanisms of interface physics, chemistry and electronics, this book will be a welcome addition to the existing literature.

  • Applications of Diamond Films and Related Materials

    Proceedings of the First International Conference on the Applications of Diamond Films and Related Materials - ADC '91, Auburn, Alabama, U.S.A., August 17-22, 1991
    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 73
    • Y. Tzeng + 3 más
    • Inglés
    An intensifying interest from the scientific, technical, and industrial community in the new diamond technology can be attested to by the wide range of contributions in this proceedings volume. The papers discuss topics such as the applications of diamond films and related wide bandgap semiconductors and superhard materials. These materials are rapidly becoming economically significant due to their combination of superior properties: great hardness, high thermal conductivity, chemical inertness, high stiffness, high carrier mobilities, etc. Initial commercial products employing the new diamond technology are already on the market. These include diamond loudspeakers, diamond X-ray windows, diamond bonders, diamond cutting tools, and heads for magnetic disks coated with diamond-like carbon. The developments reported in this volume are important not only in terms of their own markets, but, also because they are expected to enable a wide range of other new products and production methods.

  • Thin Films by Chemical Vapour Deposition

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 7
    • C.E. Morosanu
    • G. Siddall
    • Inglés
    The explosive growth in the semiconductor industry has caused a rapid evolution of thin film materials that lend themselves to the fabrication of state-of-the-art semiconductor devices. Early in the 1960s an old research technique named chemical vapour phase deposition (CVD), which has several unique advantages, developed into the most widely used technique for thin film preparation in electronics technology. In the last 25 years, tremendous advances have been made in the science and technology of thin films prepared by means of CVD. This book presents in a single volume, an up-to-date overview of the important field of CVD processes which has never been completely reviewed previously. Contents: Part I. 1. Evolution of CVD Films. Introductory remarks. Short history of CVD thin films. II. Fundamentals. 2. Techniques of Preparing Thin Films. Electrolytic deposition techniques. Vacuum deposition techniques. Plasma deposition techniques. Liquid-phase deposition techniques. Solid-phase deposition techniques. Chemical vapour conversion of substrate. Chemical vapour deposition. Comparison between CVD and other thin film deposition techniques. 3. Chemical Processes Used in CVD. Introduction. Description of chemical reactions used in CVD. 4. Thermodynamics of CVD. Feasibility of a CVD process. Techniques for equilibrium calculations in CVD systems. Examples of thermodynamic studies of CVD systems. 5. Kinetics of CVD. Steps and control type of a CVD heterogeneous reaction. Influence of experimental parameters on thin film deposition rate. Continuous measurement of the deposition rate. Experimental methods for studying CVD kinetics. Role of homogeneous reactions in CVD. Mechanism of CVD processes. Kinetics and mechanism of dopant incorporation. Transport phenomena in CVD. Status of kinetic and mechanism investigations in CVD systems. 6. Measurement of Thin Film Thickness. Mechanical methods. Mechanical-optical methods. Optical methods. Electrical methods. Miscellaneous methods. 7. Nucleation and Growth of CVD Films. Stages in the nucleation and growth mechanism. Regimes of nucleation and growth. Nucleation theory. Dependence of nucleation on deposition parameters. Heterogeneous nucleation and CVD film structural forms. Homogeneous nucleation. Experimental techniques. Experimental results of CVD film nucleation. 8. Thin Film Structure. Techniques for studying thin film structure. Structural defects in CVD thin films. 9. Analysis of CVD Films. Analysis techniques of thin film bulk. Analysis techniques of thin film surfaces. Film composition measurement. Depth concentration profiling. 10. Properties of CVD Films. Mechanical properties. Thermal properties. Optical properties. Photoelectric properties. Electrical properties. Magnetic properties. Chemical properties. Part III. 11. Equipment and Substrates. Equipment for CVD. Safety in CVD. Substrates. 12. Preparation and Properties of Semiconducting Thin Films. Homoepitaxial semiconducting films. Heteroepitaxial semiconducting films. 13. Preparation and Properties of Amorphous Insulating Thin Films. Oxides. Nitrides and Oxynitrides. Polymeric thin films. 14. Preparation and Properties of Conductive Thin Films. Metals and metal alloys. Resistor materials. Transparent conducting films. Miscellaneous materials. 15. Preparation and Properties of Superconducting and Magnetic Thin Films. Superconducting materials. Magnetic materials. 16. Uses of CVD Thin Films. Applications in electronics and microelectronics. Applications in the field of microwaves and optoelectronics. Miscellaneous applications. Artificial heterostructures (Quantum wells, superlattices, monolayers, two-dimensional electron gases). Part V. 17. Present and Future Importance of CVD Films. Present status and future trends in CVD films. References. Index of Acronyms and Abbreviations. Author Index. CVD Film Index. Subject Index. Supplier Index.

  • Introduction to the Theory of Shells

    Structures and Solid Body Mechanics
    • 1 Edición
    • Clive L Dym
    • B. G. Neal
    • Inglés
    Introduction to the Theory of Shells provide a brief introduction to the foundations of shell theory, and to some of the important problems that can be tackled within the framework of shell theory. The book discusses topics on the Lamé problem and derivation of beam theory; the basic postulates, or assumptions of shell theory; membrane shells and the bending of circular cylinders; and axisymmetric vibrations of circular cylinders. Mathematicians and students of mathematics will find the book invaluable.

  • Size Effects in Thin Films

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 2
    • C.R. Tellier + 1 más
    • G. Siddall
    • Inglés
    A complete and comprehensive study of transport phenomena in thin continuous metal films, this book reviews work carried out on external-surface and grain-boundary electron scattering and proposes new theoretical equations for transport properties of these films. It presents a complete theoretical view of the field, and considers imperfection and impurity effects.

  • Magnetism of Surfaces, Interfaces, and Nanoscale Materials

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 5
    • Robert E. Camley + 2 más
    • Inglés
    In the past 30 years, magnetic research has been dominated by the question of how surfaces and interfaces influence the magnetic and transport properties of nanostructures, thin films and multilayers. The research has been particularly important in the magnetic recording industry where the giant magnetoresistance effect led to a new generation of storage devices including hand-held memories such as those found in the ipod. More recently, transfer of spin angular momentum across interfaces has opened a new field for high frequency applications.This book gives a comprehensive view of research at the forefront of these fields. The frontier is expanding through dynamic exchange between theory and experiment. Contributions have been chosen to reflect this, giving the reader a unified overview of the topic.

  • Superhydrophobic Surfaces

    • 1 Edición
    • Russell J. Crawford + 1 más
    • Inglés
    Superhydrophobic Surfaces analyzes the fundamental concepts of superhydrophobicity and gives insight into the design of superhydrophobic surfaces. The book serves as a reference for the manufacturing of materials with superior water-repellency, self-cleaning, anti-icing and corrosion resistance. It thoroughly discusses many types of hydrophobic surfaces such as natural superhydrophobic surfaces, superhydrophobic polymers, metallic superhydrophobic surfaces, biological interfaces, and advanced/hybrid superhydrophobic surfaces.

  • Developments in Surface Contamination and Cleaning - Vol 5

    Contaminant Removal and Monitoring
    • 1 Edición
    • Rajiv Kohli + 1 más
    • Inglés
    In this series, Rajiv Kohli and Kash Mittal have brought together the work of experts from different industry sectors and backgrounds to provide a state-of-the-art survey and best-practice guidance for scientists and engineers engaged in surface cleaning or dealing with the consequences of surface contamination. This volume complements Volumes 3 and 4 of this series, which focused largely on particulate contaminants. The expert contributions in this volume cover methods for removal of non-particulate contaminants, such as metallic and non-metallic thin films, hydrocarbons, toxic and hazardous chemicals, and microbiological substances, as well as contamination monitoring in pharmaceutical manufacturing, and an innovative method for characterization at the nanoscale.

  • Handbook of Thin Film Deposition

    • 3 Edición
    • Krishna Seshan
    • Inglés
    The Handbook of Thin Film Deposition is a comprehensive reference focusing on thin film technologies and applications used in the semiconductor industry and the closely related areas of thin film deposition, thin film micro properties, photovoltaic solar energy applications, new materials for memory applications and methods for thin film optical processes. In a major restructuring, this edition of the handbook lays the foundations with an up-to-date treatment of lithography, contamination and yield management, and reliability of thin films. The established physical and chemical deposition processes and technologies are then covered, the last section of the book being devoted to more recent technological developments such as microelectromechanic... systems, photovoltaic applications, digital cameras, CCD arrays, and optical thin films.

  • Thin Film Growth

    Physics, Materials Science and Applications
    • 1 Edición
    • Zexian Cao
    • Inglés
    Thin film technology is used in many applications such as microelectronics, optics, hard and corrosion resistant coatings and micromechanics, and thin films form a uniquely versatile material base for the development of novel technologies within these industries. Thin film growth provides an important and up-to-date review of the theory and deposition techniques used in the formation of thin films.Part one focuses on the theory of thin film growth, with chapters covering nucleation and growth processes in thin films, phase-field modelling of thin film growth and surface roughness evolution. Part two covers some of the techniques used for thin film growth, including oblique angle deposition, reactive magnetron sputtering and epitaxial growth of graphene films on single crystal metal surfaces. This section also includes chapters on the properties of thin films, covering topics such as substrate plasticity and buckling of thin films, polarity control, nanostructure growth dynamics and network behaviour in thin films.With its distinguished editor and international team of contributors, Thin film growth is an essential reference for engineers in electronics, energy materials and mechanical engineering, as well as those with an academic research interest in the topic.

  • Handbook of Adhesives and Surface Preparation

    Technology, Applications and Manufacturing
    • 1 Edición
    • Sina Ebnesajjad
    • Inglés
    Handbook of Adhesives and Surface Preparation provides a thoroughly practical survey of all aspects of adhesives technology from selection and surface preparation to industrial applications and health and environmental factors. The resulting handbook is a hard‐working reference for a wide range of engineers and technicians working in the adhesives industry and a variety of industry sectors that make considerable use of adhesives. Particular attention is given to adhesives applications in the automotive, aerospace, medical, dental and electronics sectors.

  • Cold Spray Technology

    • 1 Edición
    • Anatolii Papyrin + 4 más
    • Inglés
    The topic of this book is Cold Spray technology. Cold Spray is a process of applying coatings by exposing a metallic or dielectric substrate to a high velocity (300 to 1200 m/s) jet of small (1 to 50 µm) particles accelerated by a supersonic jet of compressed gas. This process is based on the selection of the combination of particle temperature, velocity, and size that allows spraying at the lowest temperature possible. In the Cold Spray process, powder particles are accelerated by the supersonic gas jet at a temperature that is always lower than the melting point of the material, resulting in coating formation from particles in the solid state. As a consequence, the deleterious effects of high-temperature oxidation, evaporation, melting, crystallization, residual stresses, gas release, and other common problems for traditional thermal spray methods are minimized or eliminated. This book is the first of its kind on the Cold Spray process. Cold Spray Technology covers a wide spectrum of various aspects of the Cold Spray technology, including gas-dynamics, physics of interaction of high-speed solid particles with a substrate as well as equipment, technologies, and applications. Cold Spray Technology includes the results of more than 20 years of original studies (1984-2005) conducted at the Institute of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics of the Siberian Division of the Russian Academy of Science, as well as the results of studies conducted at most of the research centres around the world. The authors' goal is threefold. The first goal is to explain basic principles and advantages of the Cold Spray process. The second goal is, to give practical information on technologies and equipment. The third goal is to present the current state of research and development in this field over the world. The book provides coverage and data that will be of interest for users of Cold Spray technology as well as for other coating experts. At the present time the Cold Spray method is recognized by world leading scientists and specialists. A wide spectrum of research is being conducted at many research centres and companies in many countries.

  • Life Cycle Tribology

    31st Leeds-Lyon Tribology Symposium
    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 48
    • Duncan Dowson + 3 más
    • Inglés
    The 31st Leeds-Lyon Symposium on Tribology was held at Trinity and All Saints College in Leeds under the title "Life Cycle Tribology" from Tuesday 7th September until Friday 10th September 2004. Over the three days of presentations that followed, life cycle tribology was explored across a range of areas including automotive tribology, bearings, bio-degradability and sustainability, bio-tribology, coatings, condition monitoring, contact mechanics, debris effects, elastohydrodynamic lubrication, lubricants, machine systems, nanotribology, rolling contact fatigue, transmissions, tribochemistry and wear and failure. Invited talks in these fields were presented by leading international researchers and practitioners, namely C.J. Hooke, J.A. Williams, R.J.K. Wood, G. Isaac, S.C. Tung, D. Price, I. Sherrington, M. Hadfield, K. Kato, R.I. Taylor, H.P. Evans, R.S. Dwyer-Joyce and H. Rahnejat.

  • Materials Science of Thin Films

    Depositon and Structure
    • 2 Edición
    • Milton Ohring
    • Inglés
    This is the first book that can be considered a textbook on thin film science, complete with exercises at the end of each chapter. Ohring has contributed many highly regarded reference books to the AP list, including Reliability and Failure of Electronic Materials and the Engineering Science of Thin Films. The knowledge base is intended for science and engineering students in advanced undergraduate or first-year graduate level courses on thin films and scientists and engineers who are entering or require an overview of the field. Since 1992, when the book was first published, the field of thin films has expanded tremendously, especially with regard to technological applications. The second edition will bring the book up-to-date with regard to these advances. Most chapters have been greatly updated, and several new chapters have been added.

  • Oxide Surfaces

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 9
    • Inglés
    The book is a multi-author survey (in 15 chapters) of the current state of knowledge and recent developments in our understanding of oxide surfaces. The author list includes most of the acknowledged world experts in this field. The material covered includes fundamental theory and experimental studies of the geometrical, vibrational and electronic structure of such surfaces, but with a special emphasis on the chemical properties and associated reactivity. The main focus is on metal oxides but coverage extends from 'simple' rocksalt materials such as MgO through to complex transition metal oxides with different valencies.

  • Thinning Films and Tribological Interfaces

    Proceedings of the 26th Leeds-Lyon Symposium
    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 38
    • D. Dowson + 9 más
    • Inglés
    This collection of fully peer-reviewed papers were presented at the 26th Leeds-Lyon Tribology Symposium which was held in Leeds, UK, 14-17 September, 1999. The Leeds-Lyon Symposia on Tribology were launched in 1974, and the large number of references to original work published in the Proceedings over many years confirms the quality of the published papers. It also indicates that the volumes have served their purpose and become a recognised feature of the tribological literature. This year's title is 'Thinning Films and Tribological Interfaces', and the papers cover practical applications of tribological solutions in a wide range of situations. The evolution of a full peer review process has been evident for a number of years. An important feature of the Leeds-Lyon Symposia is the presentation of current research findings. This remains an essential feature of the meetings, but for the 26th Symposium authors were invited to submit their papers for review a few weeks in advance of the Symposium. This provided an opportunity to discuss recommendations for modifications with the authors.

  • Electronic Structure

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 2
    • Inglés
    This book is the second volume in the Handbook of Surface Science series and deals with aspects of the electronic structure of surfaces as investigated by means of the experimental and theoretical methods of physics. The importance of understanding surface phenomena stems from the fact that for many physical and chemical phenomena, the surface plays a key role: in electronic, magnetic, and optical devices, in heterogenous catalysis, in epitaxial growth, and the application of protective coatings, for example. Therefore a better understanding and, ultimately, a predictive description of surface and interface properties is vital for the progress of modern technology. An investigation of surface electronic structure is also central to our understanding of all aspects of surfaces from a fundamental point of view. The chapters presented here review the goals achieved in the field and map out the challenges ahead, both in experiment and theory.

  • Thin Film Materials for Large Area Electronics

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 80
    • B. Equer + 3 más
    • Inglés
    The symposium brought together more than a hundred attendees from many countries including a significant participation from Japan and other East-Asia countries. Many of the trends observed in the 1st Symposium held in 1996 were confirmed: displays are indeed the main application in LAE (photovoltaics were not included in the topics of this symposium) and active matrix display (AMLCD) is still the leading technology. Future AMLCDs integrating the display drivers onto the same substrate require much faster thin-film transistors (TFTs) than those used for LCD addressing, therefore putting a strong demand on polysilicon performances. As a consequence the quest for an improved low temperature, large area (and low cost) polysilicon process is intensive and the competitors, including direct plasma deposition and excimer laser crystallization of amorphous layers, are reporting significant steps forward. With the tremendous demand for efficient colour flat panel displays, other display technologies are gaining interest. Field emission display (FED) is one of them. FEDs based on amorphous tetrahedral carbon thin-films are stimulating intensive studies on the optoelectronic properties of this complex material.Large area pixellized sensors for x-ray radiography and document scanning is another field of application in LAE which has recently reached initial production. Using a TFT or diode pixel addressing similar to AMLCD, this kind of device benefits from most of the AMLCD technology. However these devices present an increased complexity and stringent specifications on noise which in turn means materials with improved electronic transport properties. Finally, LAE is a fast developing area in thin-film research and technology. Initially an all-silicon domain, it now involves a large range of thin-film semiconductors and dielectrics, whose properties need to be fully understood and for which flexible and efficient processes have still to be developed.

  • PVD for Microelectronics: Sputter Desposition to Semiconductor Manufacturing

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 26
    • Inglés
    Physics of Thin Films is one of the longest running continuing series in thin film science, consisting of 25 volumes since 1963. The series contains quality studies of the properties of various thin films materials and systems.In order to be able to reflect the development of today's science and to cover all modern aspects of thin films, the series, starting with Volume 20, has moved beyond the basic physics of thin films. It now addresses the most important aspects of both inorganic and organic thin films, in both their theoretical as well as technological aspects. Therefore, in order to reflect the modern technology-oriented problems, the title has been slightly modified from Physics of Thin Films to Thin Films.This volume, part of the Thin Films Series, has been wholly written by two authors instead of showcasing several edited manuscripts.

  • Electrochemistry at Metal and Semiconductor Electrodes

    • 1 Edición
    • Norio Sato
    • Inglés
    Electrochemisty at Metal and Semiconductor Electrodes covers the structure of the electrical double layer and charge transfer reactions across the electrode/electrolyt... interface. The purpose of the book is to integrate modern electrochemistry and semiconductor physics, thereby, providing a quantitative basis for understanding electrochemistry at metal and semiconductor electrodes.Electrons and ions are the principal particles which play the main role in electrochemistry. This text, therefore, emphasizes the energy level concepts of electrons and ions rather than the phenomenological thermodynamic and kinetic concepts on which most of the classical electrochemistry texts are based. This rationalization of the phenomenological concepts in terms of the physics of semiconductors should enable readers to develop more atomistic and quantitative insights into processes that occur at electrodes.The book incorporates many traditional disciplines of science and engineering such as interfacial chemistry, biochemistry, enzyme chemistry, membrane chemistry, metallurgy, modification of solid interfaces, and materials' corrosion. The text is intended to serve as an introduction for the study of advanced electrochemistry at electrodes and is aimed towards graduates and senior undergraduates studying materials and interfacial chemistry or those beginning research work in the field of electrochemistry.

  • Foam and Foam Films

    Theory, Experiment, Application
    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 5
    • D. Exerowa + 1 más
    • Inglés
    The main physicochemical aspects of foam and foam films such as preparation, structure, properties, are considered, giving a special emphasis on foam stability. It is shown that the foam and foam films are an efficient object in the study of various surface phenomena and in establishing regularities common for different interfaces, in particular, water/oil interface. The techniques and results on foam films have an independent meaning and involve the latest achievement in this field, with a focus on authors' results.The book has an expressed monographic character. It reveals joint ideas, i.e. the quantitative approach in treating foams is based on foam film behaviour and the techniques for controlling the foam liquid content, developed by the authors. A major contribution represents the independent consideration of formation and stability of foam films in theoretical and experimental aspects. No monograph published so far reveals these topics in the mentioned manner. Data and information about foams, physicochemical characterization of surfactants, phospholipids and polymers can also be found. Furthermore, the book provides information about: techniques involved in the study of foam films and foam structure and properties; foam drainage; processes of destruction in gravitational and centrifugal fields; reasons for stability of films and their role in the processes running in the foam; mechanical, rheological, optical, thermophysical, electrical properties; foam destruction upon addition of antifoams (mechanism of destruction, techniques, application); scientific principles of controlling foam properties and their application in foam separation and concentration; enhanced oil recovery; thermodynamic and non-equilibrium properties of foam films, stabilized by surfactants, phospholipids and polymers; techniques for the study of surface forces; formation and stability of foam films; black films, including bilayers; new theories of stability of amphiphile bilayer; experiments involved in this stability; application in biology and medicine.

  • Handbook of Vacuum Science and Technology

    • 1 Edición
    • Dorothy Hoffman + 2 más
    • Inglés
    The Handbook of Vacuum Technology consists of the latest innovations in vacuum science and technology with a strong orientation towards the vacuum practitioner. It covers many of the new vacuum pumps, materials, equipment, and applications. It also details the design and maintenance of modern vacuum systems. The authors are well known experts in their individual fields with the emphasis on performance, limitations, and applications rather than theory. There aremany useful tables, charts, and figures that will be of use to the practitioner.

  • Physical Structure

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 1
    • Inglés
    The primary goal of this book is to summarize the current level of accumulated knowledge about the physical structure of solid surfaces with emphasis on well-defined surfaces at the gas-solid and vacuum-solid interfaces. The intention is not only to provide a standard reference for practitioners, but also to provide a good starting point for scientists who are just entering the field. The presentation in most of the chapters therefore assumes that the typical reader will have a good undergraduate background in chemistry, physics, or materials science. At the same time, coverage is comprehensive and at a high technical level with emphasis on fundamental physical principles. This first volume in a new series is appropriately devoted to the physical structure of surfaces, knowledge of which will be essential for a complete understanding of electronic properties and dynamical processes, the topics of the next two volumes in the series.The volume is divided into four parts. Part I describes the equilibrium properties of surfaces with emphasis on clean surfaces of bulk materials. Part II provides an introduction to some of the primary experimental methods that are used to determine surface crystal structures. Part III gives an overview of the vast topic of the structure of adsorbed layers. The concluding Part IV deals with the topics of defects in surface structures and phase transitions.

  • Advances in Research and Development

    Homojunction and Quantum-Well Infrared Detectors
    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 21
    • Inglés
    Physics of Thin Films is one of the longest running continuing series in thin film science, consisting of twenty volumes since 1963. The series contains quality studies of the properties of various thinfilms materials and systems. In order to be able to reflect the development of today's science and to cover all modern aspects of thin films, the series, starting with Volume 20, has moved beyond the basic physics of thin films. It now addresses the most important aspects of both inorganic and organic thin films, in both their theoretical as well as technological aspects. Therefore, in order to reflect the modern technology-oriented problems, the title has been slightly modified from Physics of Thin Films to Thin Films.