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Elsevier

Libros en Física

  • Nonlinear System Analysis

    • 1 Edición
    • Austin Blaquiere
    • Inglés
    Nonlinear System Analysis focuses on the study of systems whose behavior is governed by nonlinear differential equations. This book is composed of nine chapters that cover some problems that play a major role in engineering and physics. The opening chapter briefly introduces the difference between linear and nonlinear systems. Considerable chapters are devoted to engineering and physics related problems and their applications to particle accelerators, frequency measurements, and masers. Included in these chapters are important practical problems, such as synchronization, stability of systems with periodic coefficients, and effect of random disturbances. The remaining chapters examine random fluctuations of the motion and self-oscillators. This book is intended primarily for engineers and physicists.

  • An Introduction to the Liquid State

    • 1 Edición
    • P Egelstaff
    • Inglés
    An Introduction to the Liquid State focuses on the atomic motions and positions of liquids. Particularly given importance in this book are internal motion of molecules as a whole and the motion of atoms in a monatomic liquid. Divided into 16 chapters, the book opens by outlining the general properties of liquids, including a comparison of liquid argon and liquid sodium, discussions on theories and methods of studying the liquid state, and thermodynamic relationships. The book proceeds by defining the molecular distribution functions and equation of state, the potential function for non-conducting liquids and metals, and measurement of pair distribution function. Numerical analyses and representations are provided to simplify the functions of equations. The book discusses equilibrium properties wherein calculations on the state of gases and fluids are presented. The text also underlines space and time dependent correlation functions. Given emphasis in this part are neutron scattering, electromagnetic radiation, and various radiation scattering techniques. Other concerns discussed are diffusion and single particle motion, velocity of correlation function, diffusion and viscosity coefficients, liquid-gas critical point, and a comparison of classical and quantum liquids. The selection is a valuable source of information for readers wanting to study the composition and reactions of liquids.

  • Numerical Methods in Weather Prediction

    • 1 Edición
    • G Marchuk
    • Inglés
    Numerical Methods in Weather Prediction focuses on the numerical methods for solving problems of weather prediction and explains the aspect of the general circulation of the atmosphere. This book explores the development in the science of meteorology, which provides investigators with improved means of studying physical processes by mathematical stimulation. Organized into eight chapters, this book starts with an overview of the significant physical factors that are instrumental in enriching the theoretical models of weather prediction. This text then examines the system of hydrodynamic equations and the equation of heat transfer related to large-scale atmospheric processes. Other chapters consider the quasigeostrophic approximation model, which is the basis for concepts of the dynamics of atmospheric motions and instrumental in establishing the basic features and laws of evolution of meteorological variables as applied to large-scale processes. The final chapter deals with the adjustment of the humidity field. This book is a valuable resource for meteorologists.

  • Proceedings of the Seventeenth Assembly of the European Seismological Commission

    • 1 Edición
    • E. Bisztricsany
    • Inglés

  • Electron Scattering From Complex Nuclei V36B

    • 1 Edición
    • Herbert Uberall
    • Inglés
    Electron Scattering from Complex Nuclei, Part B is a three-chapter text that explores the excitation of the nucleus to bound levels and the nucleus breakup through particle emission from continuum states. The first chapter discusses the inelastic scattering to nuclear levels, the giant resonances, the concepts of radiative corrections, and the phase shift analysis for inelastic scattering. The subsequent chapter concerns the quasi-elastic continuum and the observations of the nuclear decay products. The last chapter presents special topics on electron scattering, such as dispersion and exchange corrections, sum rules, and isospin effects. Physicists, researchers, and graduate students will find this book invaluable.

  • Thermophysics of Spacecraft and Planetary Bodies

    • 1 Edición
    • Gerhard Heller
    • Inglés
    Progress in Astronautics and Aeronautics, Volume 20: Thermophysics of Spacecraft and Planetary Bodies: Radiation Properties of Solids and the Electromagnetic Radiation Environment in Space is a collection of technical papers drawn mainly from the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics Thermophysics Specialist Conference, held in New Orleans on April 17-20, 1967. This volume is organized into six part encompassing 45 chapters that offer a selection of the most advanced studies in the dynamic field of thermophysics. Part I deals with radiation properties of solid state materials and the measuring techniques in the laboratory, while Part II describes the thermophysical properties of surfaces used for spacecraft. The papers of Part II also include solid state physics studies of the processes involved in the interaction of UV radiation with solids. Part III discusses the results of thermal flight experiments and on the radiation characteristics of planetary bodies, followed by topics on general radiative properties and the measurements of radiative properties of natural surfaces from satellites in Part IV. Part V contains papers on thermal similitude and on the closely related subject of radiant heat transfer analysis of thermal systems. Lastly, Part VI focuses on the heat transfer within the spacecraft under the conditions of space environment, specifically conductive and radiative transfer. This book is of great value to thermophysicists, space engineers and designers, as well as researchers in the fields of astronautics and aeronautics.

  • Classical Electromagnetic Radiation

    • 2 Edición
    • Jerry Marion
    • Inglés
    Classical Electromagnetic Radiation, Second Edition focuses on the classical electrodynamics with emphasis on radiation problems and the wave attributes of the electromagnetic field. This book aims to provide a modern and practically sophisticated mathematical treatment of classical electrodynamics at the undergraduate level. Organized into 13 chapters, this edition starts with an overview of the basic principles of electromagnetism. This text then presents a detailed discussion of Laplace's equation and a treatment of multiple effects, since such material is of considerable significance in the development of radiation theory. Other chapters consider the electromagnetic field equations, which are developed in the time-dependent form. This book discusses as well the subjects of wave propagation in space as well as in material media. The final chapter presents an introduction to relativistic electrodynamics. This book is a valuable resource for physicists, engineers, and readers who are interested in the applications of electrodynamics in modern physics.

  • Lectures on The Many-Body Problems V1

    • 1 Edición
    • E.R. Caianiello
    • Inglés
    Lectures on Field Theory and the Many-Body Problem is a 23-chapter lecture series on the developments in the understanding of the structure and axiomatics of Field Theory, which has proved to be a most useful tool in the study of many-body problems. This book starts with a brief introduction to the TCP theorem, followed by a discussion on the gauge properties of the quantum electrodynamical quantities. The subsequent chapters describe the features and applications of unstable and composite particles to quantum field theory. These topics are followed by significant chapters on other aspects of the field theory, including the configuration space method, Wightman functions, vacuum expectation value, Pais doublets, time reversal in nuclear forces, and symmetry operations in quantum mechanics. This text also covers the ground state theory of many-particle systems and the many body problems at non-zero temperature. The last chapters explore the behavior of a Boson system, the polaron model, and the mathematical aspects of the Hilbert spaces. Physicists and researchers in allied sciences will find this book of great value.

  • Theory of Quantum Fluids

    • 1 Edición
    • Eugene Feenberg
    • Inglés
    Theory of Quantum Fluids is a concise report on the microscopic description of liquid 4He and liquid 3He in the physical density range using simple forms of the potential function between pairs of neutral atoms and the properties of the ground states and limited ranges of low excited states. The monograph covers the properties of the radial distribution function and the three-particle distribution particle; the classical sound field and the correspondence principle; paired phonon states in the free- phonon approximation; the uniform limit and the charged boson system; and the microscopic theory of a single 3He atom in the 4He liquid. Theoretical and experimental physicists will find the book very interesting.

  • Q Machines

    • 1 Edición
    • Robert Motley
    • Inglés
    Q Machines presents the significant aspects of the Q machine - a device in which highly ionized, magnetically confined plasma is created by contact ionization of atoms and thermionic emission of electrons. The book covers a broad range of topics regarding the physics and engineering of Q machines; the research limitations and possibilities afforded by different types of Q machines; the methods by which the basic plasma parameters can be measured; the effects of plasma in homogeneities on plasma stability; the numerous factors affecting plasma confinement; and the possibilities for research on plasma waves. Plasma physicists, Q-machine specialists, students, and scientists in other fields of interest will find the book highly useful.

  • Beam And Fiber Optics

    • 1 Edición
    • J.A. Arnaud
    • Inglés
    Beam and Fiber Optics discusses the concepts of wave and geometrical optics that are most relevant to a deeper understanding of beam optics. This book is organized into five chapters that provide the necessary algebraic details, particularly the laws of beam propagation through unaberrated optical systems. The first chapter presents a broad view of the subject matter and a comparison between the laws of mechanics and the laws of optics. Chapter 2 explores the laws of propagation of Gaussian beams through freespace, unaberrated lenses, or lenslike media and resonators. The simplest configurations (two-dimensional with isotropic media) are first considered, but a few advanced problems are also treated. This chapter also discusses the use of Gaussian beams at millimeter wavelengths. In Chapter 3, various wave equations relevant to beam optics are given, and their relationship is examined. This text also emphasizes the importance of the Lorentz reciprocity theorem for problems of coupling between beams or fibers. The geometrical optics limit of wave equations is addressed in Chapter 4. This chapter also considers the propagation of optical pulses in dispersive inhomogeneous (graded-index) fibers based on the point of view of Hamiltonian optics. The final chapter is devoted to piecewise homogeneous dielectric waveguides, such as the dielectric slab and the dielectric rod. A method to evaluate the bending loss of open waveguides is described. This book will be useful to students, professors, and research engineers in the field of electromagnetic communication.

  • Nuclear Research With Low Energy Accelerators

    • 1 Edición
    • Jerry Marion
    • Inglés
    Nuclear Research with Low Energy Accelerators describes the various programs using low energy accelerators. This book discusses the various techniques and instruments that are available, including beam pulsing or the use of sophisticated high-resolution detecting systems. Comprised of 23 chapters, this book starts with an overview of the application of lithium-drifted germanium gamma-ray detectors in single detector systems from the perspective of obtaining optimum performance. This text then discusses the nuclear electromagnetic transition probabilities that can be measured by different methods, including Coulomb excitation, electron scattering, and nuclear resonance fluorescence. Other chapters explain the general characteristics and geometry of a coincidence–anticoin... spectrometer. This book discusses as well the different uses of magnetic spectrometers in experimental studies of nuclear physics. The final chapter deals with the easy access to fast digital computers to obtain more sophisticated raw information. This book is a valuable resource for physicists, nuclear physicists, and astrophysicists.

  • Physical Acoustics V8

    Principles and Methods
    • 1 Edición
    • Warren P. Mason
    • Inglés
    Physical Acoustics: Principles and Methods, Volume VIII discusses a number of themes on physical acoustics that are divided into seven chapters. Chapter 1 describes the principles and applications of a tool for investigating phonons in dielectric crystals, the spin phonon spectrometer. The next chapter discusses the use of ultrasound in investigating Landau quantum oscillations in the presence of a magnetic field and their relation to the strain dependence of the Fermi surface of metals. The third chapter focuses on the ultrasonic measurements that are made by pulsing methods with velocities obtained through phase comparison methods and attenuations obtained through comparing pulse heights for successive reflections. In Chapter 4, methods for measuring the properties of solids and liquids at very high pressures are described. Chapter 5 explores some of the relationships between the thermal equilibrium properties of solids and mechanical properties such as the second- and third-order elastic constants. The sixth chapter discusses the interaction of sound waves with thermal phonons in dielectric crystals and emphasizes the relationship between the various theories proposed and the effect of phonon interactions on the velocity of sound. The last chapter describes the applications to metals and rock mechanics of internal friction at low frequencies due to dislocations. This book is beneficial to students and physicists conducting work on physical acoustics.

  • Collective Properties of Physical Systems

    Medicine and Natural Sciences
    • 1 Edición
    • Bengt Lundqvist
    • Inglés
    Medicine and Natural Sciences: Collective Properties of Physical Systems is a collection of papers presented at the 24th Nobel Symposium on Collective Properties of Physical Systems, held in Aspenäsgärden, Lerum, Sweden on June 12-16, 1973. This book is organized into eight parts encompassing 35 chapters, and begins with overview of the fundamentals of renormalization group approach, phase transitions, and critical phenomena. These topics are followed by discussions on the solutions of the Kondo problem, the specific features of superfluid 3He, and the models to investigate the effects of limited dimensionality in solid systems. The subsequent parts cover the various aspects and principles of surface physics and high-energy excitations in solids. These parts also examine selective theories that provide significant insights in understanding the superstructure, ordering, and crystallography of physical systems. The last parts describe the electronic correlation functions and other properties of liquid crystals and liquids. Physicists, scientists, and research workers in the fields of medicine and natural sciences will find this book of great value.

  • Quantum Theory of the Solid State A

    • 1 Edición
    • Joseph Callaway
    • Inglés
    Quantum Theory of the Solid State, Part A, describes the concepts and methods, and introduces some of the central problems of the quantum theory of solids. This work is intended to be a single intellectual unit, although for reasons of convenience it has been divided into two parts. Part A contains much of the formalism required for the theoretical study of solids; Part B is oriented toward more specific problems. The present volume includes phenomenological treatments of lattice vibrations and magnetic order; a discussion of symmetry groups; and a description of the properties of one-electron wave functions and the principal techniques for calculating energy levels. Fairly lengthy bibliographies have been included at the end of each chapter to assist readers in making their way through the more specialized periodical literature. This book should be suitable as a textbook for students who have completed a one-year course in quantum mechanics and have some familiarity with the experimental facts of solid state physics. It should also be useful as a reference work.

  • Physical Science in the Modern World

    • 1 Edición
    • Jerry Marion
    • Inglés
    Physical Science in the Modern World surveys the whole range of the non-biological sciences. This book explores the significant ideas and concepts in chemistry, physics, astronomy, geology, and meteorology with emphasis on how these sciences bear strongly upon one another and how the basic principles are applied to each. Organized into three part encompassing 29 chapters, this book starts with an overview of the fundamental building blocks of matter and explains how they are assembled to form molecules, rocks, minerals, and the Earth. This text then examines the basic concepts of physical science by exploring the fundamental principles that govern all physical processes and we see how they relate to various everyday occurrences. Other chapters consider how modern chemistry affects the world we live in and explain how the development of semiconductor materials has led in the development of miniature electronics. This book is a valuable resource for physicists, chemists, astronomers, geologists, and meteorologists.

  • Partial Differential Equations in Physics

    • 1 Edición
    • Inglés
    Partial Differential Equations in Physics: Lectures on Theoretical Physics, Volume VI is a series of lectures in Munich on theoretical aspects of partial differential equations in physics. This book contains six chapters and begins with a presentation of the Fourier series and integrals based on the method of least squares. Chapter II deals with the different types of differential equations and boundary value problems, as well as the Green’s theorem and Green’s function. Chapter III addresses the classic problem of heat conduction and the intuitive method of reflected images for regions with plane boundaries. Chapters IV and V examine the Bessel functions, spherical harmonics, and the general method of eigenfunctions. Chapter VI highlights the problems in radio waves propagation, always considering the earth as a plane. This book is of great benefit to mathematicians, physicists, and physics teachers and undergraduate students.

  • Wavelength Standards in the Infrared

    • 1 Edición
    • K.N. Rao
    • Inglés
    Wavelength Standards in the Infrared is a compilation of wavelength standards suitable for use with high-resolution infrared spectrographs, including both emission and absorption standards. The book presents atomic line emission standards of argon, krypton, neon, and xenon. These atomic line emission standards are from the deliberations of Commission 14 of the International Astronomical Union, which is the recognized authority for such standards. The text also explains the techniques employed in determining spectral positions in the infrared. One of the techniques used includes the grating constant method of determining spectral positions which measures the angular rotation of the grating. Another technique used is the modern gratings and high resolution infrared spectra which has made it possible to obtain narrower spectral lines. Computers can expedite the processing of observed data. Fraley and Rao have developed a procedure for data, obtained using double-pen recorders. The technique involves using visible neon lines to produce a wave number scale on the infrared spectra that is to be measured. This book can prove valuable to researchers and scientists working in the field of molecular, nuclear or atomic physics.

  • Seismic Migration: Imaging of Acoustic Energy by Wave Field Extrapolation..

    Imaging of Acoustic Energy by Wave Field Extrapolation
    • 2 Edición
    • A. J. Berkhout
    • Inglés
    Seismic Migration: Imaging of Acoustic Energy by Wave Field Extrapolation, Second Edition, Volume A: Theoretical Aspects covers the theoretical aspects of seismic migration techniques. This volume is divided into 11 chapters that consider the concept of propagation and scattering matrices. This book begins with a presentation of a selection of concepts and properties of seismic migration from vector analysis. These topics are followed by considerable chapters on the mathematical aspects of migration, including discrete spectral analysis, two-dimensional Fourier transforms, and wave theory. The subsequent chapters describe the derivation of the Kirchhoff integral for upward traveling wave field and wave field extrapolation for downward traveling source waves and upward traveling reflected waves. These chapters also propose a matrix formulation to represent single seismic record and multi-record data sets, along with different modeling algorithms. A chapter examines inverse wave field extrapolation, in which the medium must be horizontally layered, the layers being homogeneous. The book ends with a summary and comparison of different approaches to seismic migration.

  • Magnetism And Metallurgy Of Soft Magnetic Materials

    • 1 Edición
    • C.W. Chem
    • Inglés
    Magnetism and Metallurgy of Soft Magnetic Materials consistently and coherently presents the principles underlying the intrinsic and applied properties of soft magnets. This book is divided into two parts, focusing on magnetism and metallurgy. The first part of this book provides the various kinds of magnetism and the fundamental quantities of magnetism, such as magnetic poles, magnetic dipole, magnetic moment, magnetic field and magnetic induction. The second and third chapters focus on the theories of ferromagnetism and ferrimagnetism, as well as their domain structure and magnetization processes. The next chapter deals with the different magnetic properties, such as the intrinsic properties and the two structure-sensitive properties, the static properties and the dynamic properties. The second half of this book deals with the metallurgy and application of soft magnetic materials, such as the pure iron and steels, iron-silicon alloys, nickel-iron alloys, iron-cobalt alloys, ferrites, and thin films. Finally, this book offers special topics on radiation effects and magnetic bubbles and devices.

  • Fluid Mechanics and Singular Perturbations

    • 1 Edición
    • Paco Lagerstrom
    • Inglés
    Fluid Mechanics and Singular Perturbations: A Collection of Papers by Saul Kaplun focuses on the works and contributions of Saul Kaplun to the studies of fluid mechanics and singular perturbations. The book first discusses the role of coordinate system in boundary-layer theory. Boundary-layer approximations as limits of exact solutions; comparison of different boundary-layer solutions; and comparison with exact solution and choice of optimal are discussed. The text also looks at asymptotic experiment of Navier-Stokes solution for small Reynolds numbers; basic concepts in the theory of singular perturbations and their applications to flow at small Reynolds numbers; and low Reynolds number flow. The book discusses as well a generalization of Poiseuille and Couette flows and nature of solutions of the boundary-layer equations. Numerical solutions and analyses are presented. The text also looks at compatibility condition for boundary layer equation at a point of zero skin friction. Intuitive background; the past-like solution and its principal asymptotic expansions; and class of compatible profiles are discussed. The book is a valuable source of information for readers who want to study fluid mechanics.

  • Field Theory in Particle Physics, Volume 1

    • 1 Edición
    • B. de Wit + 1 más
    • Inglés
    ``Field Theory in Particle Physics'' is an introduction to the use ofrelativistic field theory in particle physics. The authors explain the principalconcepts of perturbative field theory and demonstrate their application inpractical situations. The material presented in this book has been testedextensively in courses and the book is written in a lucid and engaging style.Many interesting problems are included at the end of each chapter, both to testthe understanding of the subject matter and to further amplify the ideas in thetext. The authors have taken great care to make their presentation asself-contained as possible by adding several appendices.

  • Electrons in Solids

    An Introductory Survey
    • 1 Edición
    • Richard Bube
    • Inglés
    Electronics in Solids: An Introductory Survey presents a modern picture of electrons in solids using wave properties as the integrating theme of the conceptual background. It looks at lattice waves, light waves, and electron waves—along with their particle-like correlatives, phonons, photons, and electrons. The first chapters of the book provide a background on wave equations, boundary conditions, and general wave properties for the student so that the transition to the nonclassical world of quantum mechanics can be more easily assimilated. The last chapters examine optical properties, electrical properties, junctions, and magnetic properties of solids. This book is written for students of quantum mechanics and those examining the electrical, optical, and magnetic properties of solids, without relying too much on advanced knowledge on atomic or solid-state physics.

  • Amplitude Distribution Spectrometers V3

    • 1 Edición
    • Waldemar Scharf
    • Inglés
    Fundamental Studies in Engineering 3: Amplitude Distribution Spectrometers reviews amplitude or pulse-height distribution analyzers, both single- and multichannel types, and spectrometers, along with their construction and operation. It discusses the basic parameters of electrical impulses, the general parameters of amplitude distribution spectrometers, the conventional methods of analyzing amplitude distribution by means of single-channel spectrometers, analysis of amplitude spectra using computer methods, and methods and devices for multiparameter amplitude analysis. Comprised of eight chapters, this volume begins with an overview of physical phenomena that can be represented in the form of electrical impulses arising in transducers of physical quantities. It then discusses the use of pulse-height spectrometers to determine the height distributions of electrical impulses, trends in the development of pulse-height spectrometers, conventional pulse-height analysis, and multispectral scaling. The reader is methodically introduced to the analysis of Gaussian distributions, Fourier-transform analysis, and measuring units used in preliminary signal processing. Other chapters focus on spectrogram recording methods, methods of spectrum averaging, computer methods of spectral analysis, and methods of recording multi-parameter spectrograms. The book concludes with a review of the use of pulse-height spectrometers in a wide range of fields such as medicine, biology, astronomy, nuclear research, space research, and physico-chemical research. Users of amplitude spectrometers in various fields of science and technology will find this book extremely useful.

  • Fine Line Lithography

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 1
    • R Newman
    • Inglés
    Materials Processing - Theory and Practices, Volume 1: Fine Line Lithography reviews technical information as well as the theory and practices of materials processing. It looks at very large scale integration (VLSI) technology, with emphasis on the creation of fine line patterned structures that make up the devices and interconnects of complex functional circuits. It also describes a variety of other technologies that provide finer patterns, from modified versions of optical methods to electron-optic systems, non-plus-ultra of X-ray techniques, and dry processing that uses the chemical or kinetic energies of gas molecules or ions. Organized into five chapters, this volume begins with an overview of the fundamentals of electron and X-ray lithography, with a focus on resists and the way they function, and how they are used in microfabrication. It then discusses electron scattering and its effects on resist exposure and development, electron-beam lithography equipment, X-ray lithography, and optical methods for fine line lithography. It systematically introduces the reader to electron-beam projection techniques, dry processing methods, and application of electron-beam technology to large-scale integrated circuits. Other chapters focus on contact and proximity printing, projection printing, deep-UV lithography, and shadow printing with electrons and ions. The book describes reactive plasma etching and ion beam etching before concluding with a look at factors affecting the performance of the scanning-probe type of systems. This book is a valuable resource for materials engineers and processing engineers, as well as those in the academics and industry.

  • Fluctuation Phenomena

    • 1 Edición
    • E Montroll
    • Inglés
    Studies in Statistical Mechanics, Volume VII: Fluctuation Phenomena Fluctuation explores different aspects of fluctuation behavior and their relation to microscopic processes and other phenomena, including the nucleation of a new phase following the quenching of a system into the coexistence region. It looks at phenomenological fluctuation theories, stochastic processes such as Markoff and momentless processes, and stochastic geometric aspects of amorphous solids. Comprised of five chapters, this volume begins with an overview of fluctuations and the Ehrenfest dog-flea model. It then turns to a discussion of density fluctuations in dilute gases, the Langevin theory of Brownian motion, and classical diffusion and random walks. It also systematically introduces the reader to the statistical mechanical theory of the kinetics of phase transitions, the molecular theory of metastability, and multidimensional continuous time random walks, along with the effect of boundaries and defects onf stochastic processes. In addition, it describes the phenomenological theory of the kinetics of nucleation and its application to nucleation, spinodal decomposition, and condensation. Other chapters focus on a stochastic model for the kinetics of phase transitions, the physical ideas used in theories of metastability, and the importance of dynamics in the study of metastability. The book explains how to estimate the escape rate and describes the statistical mechanics of clusters before concluding with a discussion of slowly-varying ensembles. This book is a valuable resource for students, physicists, and researchers who want to gain more knowledge and learn about statistical mechanics in general and fluctuation phenomena in particular.

  • Large-Order Behaviour of Perturbation Theory

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 7
    • J.C. Le Guillou + 1 más
    • Inglés
    This volume is concerned with the determination of the behaviour of perturbation theory at large orders in quantum mechanics and quantum field theory, and its application to the problem of summation of perturbation series.Perturbation series in quantum field theory and in many quantum mechanics models are only asymptotic and thus diverge for all values of the expansion parameter. Their behaviour at large orders provides information about whether they define the theory uniquely (the problem of Borel summability). It suggests methods to extract numerical information from the series when the expansion parameter is not small.The articles reprinted here deal with the explicit evaluation of large-order behaviour in many quantum mechanics and field theory models. The large-order behaviour is related to barrier penetration effects for unphysical values of the expansion parameter, which can be calculated by WKB or instanton methods. The calculation of critical exponents of &fgr;4 field theory is presented as a practical application.

  • The Earth's Ionosphere

    Plasma Physics and Electrodynamics
    • 1 Edición
    • Michael Kelly
    • Inglés
    The Earth's Ionosphere: Plasma Physics and Electrodynamics emphasizes the study of plasma physics and electrodynamics of the ionosphere, including many aeronomical influences. The ionosphere is somewhat of a battleground between the earth's neutral atmosphere and the sun's fully ionized atmosphere, in which the earth is embedded. One of the challenges of ionosphere research is to know enough about these two vast fields of research to make sense out of ionospheric phenomena. This book provides insights into how these competing sources of mass, momentum, and energy compete for control of the ionosphere. Some of the topics discussed include the fundamentals of ionospheric plasma dynamics; equatorial plasma instabilities; high-latitude electrodynamics; and instabilities and structure in the high-latitude ionosphere. Throughout this text only the region above 90 km are discussed, ignoring the D region entirely. This publication is a good source of information for students and individuals conducting research on earth’s ionosphere.

  • Macromolecular Physics V1

    • 1 Edición
    • Bernhard Wunderlich
    • Inglés
    Macromolecular Physics, Volume 1: Crystal Structure, Morphology, Defects provides a unified treatment of crystals of linear macromolecules. This book is organized into four chapters: structure of macromolecules, microscopic structure of crystals, crystal morphology, and defect crystal. This publication specifically discusses the macromolecular hypothesis, molecular conformation, and synthesis of macromolecules. The discovery and proof of the lattice theory, structures of minimum free energy, and crystal structures of macromolecules are also deliberated. This publication likewise covers the macromolecular crystals, macroscopic recognition of defects, and deformation of polymer crystals. This volume is a good reference for physicists, scientists, and specialists concerned with research on crystals of linear macromolecules.

  • Angular Momentum Theory for Diatomic Molecules

    • 1 Edición
    • Brain Judd
    • Inglés
    Angular Momentum Theory for Diatomic Molecules focuses on the application of angular momentum theory in describing the complex dynamical processes in molecules. The manuscript first offers information on tensor algebra and rotation group. Discussions focus on commutation relations, spherical and double tensors, rotations, coupling, reduced matrix elements, quaternions, combination theorem for Gegenbauer polynomials, and combination theorems for spherical harmonics. The book then takes a look at R(4) in physical systems and hydrogen molecular ion, including rigid rotator, reversed angular momentum, reduced matrix elements, spheroidal coordinates, and hydrogen atom in spheroidal coordinates. The publication examines expansions and free diatomic molecules. Topics include angular momentum, molecular frame, primitive energy spectrum, rotating oscillator and hydrogen atom, expressions for electric potentials, delta functions, and Neumann expansion. The manuscript also considers external fields and perturbations. The text is a dependable reference for readers interested in the application of angular momentum theory in identifying the dynamical processes going on in molecules.

  • Evolution of Particle Physics

    A Volume Dedicated to Eduardo Amaldi in his Sixtieth Birthday
    • 1 Edición
    • M Conversi
    • Inglés
    Evolution of Particle Physics is concerned with the birth of particle physics and its maturation as a scientific field, with emphasis on advances in both theory and experiment. Topics covered include weak interactions and the breaking of hadron symmetries; the role of complexity in nature; symmetry principles in physics; and isobaric analog resonances in phenomenological nuclear spectroscopy. Adiabatic transformations as well as range and straggling of muons are also discussed. This book is comprised of 24 chapters and begins with a review of some of the most important discoveries in particle physics, along with the tools and techniques that made it possible. The reader is then introduced to symmetry breaking, paying particular attention to hadron symmetries and their connection to weak interactions. The following chapters explore channeling of ultrarelativistic charged particles in crystals; coherent scattering of high-energy hadrons by light nuclei; elementary particle physics and high-energy physics; and the design and use of large electron synchrotrons. This monograph will be of interest to particle physicists.

  • Elastic Waves in the Earth

    • 1 Edición
    • Walter L. Pilant
    • Inglés
    Elastic Waves in the Earth provides information on the relationship between seismology and geophysics and their general aspects. The book offers elastodynamic equations and derivative equations that can be used in the propagation of elastic waves. It also covers major topics in detail, such as the fundamentals of elastodynamics; the Lamb's problem, which includes the Cagniard-de Hoop theory; rays and modes in a radially inhomogeneous earth and in multilayered media, which includes the Thomson-Haskell theory; the elastic wave dissipation; the seismic source and noise; and the seismographs. The book consists of 33 chapters. The first 16 chapters include basic material related to the propagation of elastic waves. Topics covered by these chapters include scalars, vectors, and tensors in cartesian coordinates, stress and strain analysis, equations of elasticity and motion, plane waves, Rayleigh waves, plane-wave theory, and fluid-fluid and solid-solid interfaces. The second half of the book covers various ray and mode theories, elastic wave dissipation, and the observations and theories of seismic source and seismic noise. It concludes by discussing earthquake seismology and different seismographs, like the pendulum seismometer and the strain seismometer.

  • Vibrational Spectra of Benzene Derivatives

    • 1 Edición
    • G Varsanyi
    • Inglés
    Vibrational Spectra of Benzene Derivatives specifically deals with the problems of the vibrational spectra of benzene and its derivatives. The book is divided into three chapters. Chapter 1 explains the concepts of the electronic and electronic-vibration spectra, vibrational spectra, and rotational spectra. Chapter 2 tackles the normal co-ordinate analysis of the benzene molecule; the force field of substituted benzene derivatives; and elementary problems of intensity analysis. Chapter 3 covers the normal vibrations of benzene and its derivatives, which include tangential vibrations; out-of-plane vibrations; and internal vibrations of substituent groups. The book also contains an appendix dedicated for the frequency region of different normal vibrations of benzene derivatives. The text is recommended for chemists who are intrigued with the problems related to the vibrational spectra of benzene derivatives and are in need of a reference book.

  • Holography

    Expanded and Revised from the French Edition
    • 1 Edición
    • M Francon
    • Inglés
    Holography reviews advances in the field of holography and its various applications in areas such as interferometry, microscopy, and acoustics. Topics range from acoustic holography to image multiplexing, formation of images in holography, and holography by computer. Some experiments based on Gabor's holography are also presented. This book is comprised of five chapters and begins with an overview of the fundamentals of holography, with particular reference to spatial and temporal coherence, diffraction at finite and infinite distances, and filtering of spatial frequencies. The reader is then introduced to the principles and applications of holography, focusing on the geometric optics and aberrations of holograms as well as interferometry and microscopy. The following chapters explore how images are produced and reconstructed using a hologram and explain how to detect the differences between two images. Three main types of synthetic holograms are also considered: binary holograms, holograms with several intensity levels, and the holograms called kinoforms. The last chapter is devoted to optical filtering and pattern recognition. This monograph will be of value to physicists and researchers as well as to those interested in how holography works.

  • Quarkonia

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 9
    • W. Buchmüller
    • Inglés
    The discovery of the two families of heavy-quark-antiquar... bound states, the &Ugr; and &PSgr; quarkonium spectroscopies, has played a crucial role in unravelling the nature of strong interactions. The articles collected together in this volume are concerned with the connection between quarkonia and quantum chromodynamics. They deal with potential models, spin-dependent forces, next-to-leading order QCD corrections for decay widths and energy level differences, hadronic transitions and the quark-antiquark interaction in QCD, based on perturbation theory, lattice gauge theory and QCD sum rules. Finally, a brief guide is given to the existing literature on possible new quarkonium systems which have been conjectured in connection with gluonic degrees of freedom, and with expectations for new heavy particles with colour, such as the top quark and scalar quarks.

  • Elementary Particles

    Science, Technology, and Society
    • 1 Edición
    • Luke Yuan
    • Inglés
    Elementary Particles: Science, Technology, and Society is a comprehensive review of some important developments in science and technology in relation to the study of particle physics. The book covers topics such as particle physics - its theory and experimentation, apparatuses, arguments, and speculations; elementary particle interactions in astrophysics; and the interaction of particle research with chemistry. Topics also include the application of accelerated particles in biological research; possible uses of ionizing radiations in radiotherapy; and interactions between elementary particle research and engineering. The text is recommended for particle physicists who would like to know more about the applications of their expertise in the fields of astrophysics, chemistry, biology, medicine, and engineering.

  • Physical Acoustics V4A

    Principles and Methods
    • 1 Edición
    • Warren P. Mason
    • Inglés
    Physical Acoustics: Principles and Methods, Volume IV, Part A: Applications to Quantum and Solid State Physics provides an introduction for the various applications of quantum mechanics to acoustics by describing several processes for which such considerations are essential. This book explores the magnetic fields applied to metals in the normal state, which have the effect of localizing the interaction between the acoustic waves and the electrons to specific parts of the Fermi surface. Organized into nine chapters, this volume starts with an overview of the transmission of sound waves in semiconducting crystals that are piezoelectric. This text then examines the reactions of nonpiezoelectric semiconductors with electrons through the deformation potential that changes the shape of the Fermi surface. Other chapters consider the amplification of acoustic waves in semiconductors by the application of an electric field. The final chapter examines how measurements can delineate the Fermi surface of monovalent metals. Physicists and engineers will find this book useful.

  • Advances in Microwaves V6

    • 1 Edición
    • Leo Young
    • Inglés
    Advances in Microwaves, Volume 6 is a three-chapter text that explores the fundamental principles of precision coaxial connectors, traveling wave tubes, and junction circulators. Chapter 1 discusses the significant developments in the design, accuracy, and reference standard lines of precision coaxial connectors, with an emphasis on the application of the 7-mm and 14-mm precision coaxial connectors. Chapter 2 examines the stability of strongly modulated beams in a variety of focusing systems, such as uniform magnetic fields (Brillouin and near-Brillouin flow), linearly tapered magnetic fields, and periodic-permanent-m... field systems. Chapter 3 deals with the theoretical aspects and characteristics of all types of junction circulators, with an emphasis on the lumped-element and the stripline circulator. Discussions on a theorem on passive three-port networks and star and delta networks are covered in the supplementary texts.

  • Femtophysics

    A Short Course on Particle Physics
    • 1 Edición
    • M. G. Bowler
    • Inglés
    Provides an account of what is now known about physics at scales of 1013 to 1016 cm. The existence of spin half quarks interacting through colour fields is established fact, as is the structure unifying electromagnetic and weak interaction. In Femtophysics, the author explains the evidence and communicates the essential physics underlying these recent and remarkable developments. The approach throughout is to obtain results by applying trivial algebra to the content of simple and clear physical pictures. Thus, abstract and difficult concepts can be mastered painlessly while maintaining a firm grip on the essentials. The diligent student, therefore, should acquire a comprehensive understanding of the principles underlying present day particle physics.

  • Electronics of Microwave Tubes

    • 1 Edición
    • W Kleen
    • Inglés
    Electronics of Microwave Tubes presents the fundamentals of microwave tubes. This book explains, both qualitatively and quantitatively, the effects governing the operation of microwave tubes used in telecommunications, including tubes in circuits, properties of resonant circuits, and delay lines used as tube elements. Other topics covered include electron motion in static fields; exchange of power between electron streams and periodic electric fields; and ballistic treatment of electron bunching in regions free from radio-frequency fields. The diodes and grid-controlled tubes; modulation of electron streams by traveling waves in the absence of static transverse fields; and interaction between electron beams and traveling waves in crossed electric and magnetic fields are also elaborated. This text likewise discusses the practical applications of microwave tubes; microwave resonant circuits; delay lines; and electron beams and electron guns. This publication is a good reference for students, physicists, and engineers interested in the field of microwave tubes.

  • Muon Physics V2

    Weak Interactions
    • 1 Edición
    • Vernon Hughes
    • Inglés
    Muon Physics, Volume II: Weak Interactions deals with the weak interaction of muon and covers topics ranging from the elementary particle aspects of muon decay and muon capture, as well as the conventional two- and one-neutrino-field theories. The law of lepton conservation is also considered, along with semileptonic weak interactions in nuclei. This volume is comprised of two chapters and begins with a discussion on muon decay and muon capture, offering a theoretical interpretation of the elementary-particle aspects of the decay of a muon and the capture of a muon by a proton. The law of lepton conservation is examined in both conventional two- and one-neutrino-field theories. Semileptonic weak interactions in nuclei are also examined, paying particular attention to neutrino reactions, charged-lepton capture, and β decay. The experimental results on weak interactions (low energies) are reviewed in relation to muon decay, rare and ultrarare muon decays, and muon capture. The final chapter is devoted to the interactions of muon neutrinos and limits the discussion to the high-energy type. This book is written primarily for physicists as well as students and researchers in physics.

  • Physical Acoustics V4B

    Principles and Methods
    • 1 Edición
    • Warren P. Mason
    • Inglés
    Physical Acoustics: Principles and Methods, Volume IV, Part B: Applications to Quantum and Solid State Physics provides an introduction to the various applications of quantum mechanics to acoustics by describing several processes for which such considerations are essential. This book discusses the transmission of sound waves in molten metals. Comprised of seven chapters, this volume starts with an overview of the interactions that can happen between electrons and acoustic waves when magnetic fields are present. This text then describes acoustic and plasma waves in ionized gases wherein oscillations are subject to hydrodynamic as well as electromagnetic forces. Other chapters examine the resonances and relaxations that can take place in polymer systems. This book discusses as well the general theory of the interaction of a weak sinusoidal field with matter. The final chapter describes the sound velocities in the rocks composing the Earth. This book is a valuable resource for physicists and engineers.

  • Spherical Astronomy

    • 1 Edición
    • Edgar Woolard
    • Inglés
    Spherical Astronomy provides a comprehensive treatment of the fundamental principles of positional astronomy. The text focuses on the principles of spherical astronomy and the theory of fundamental astronomical observations. Discussions are made on topics such as the celestial sphere and the nature of the reference systems of astronomy; the geometric aspects of the celestial sphere in relation to geographic position; systems of time measurement based on the rotation of the earth; and the inertial reference system. Astronomers and astrophysicists will find the book highly insightful.

  • Physical Acoustics V5

    Principles and Methods
    • 1 Edición
    • Warren P. Mason
    • Inglés
    Physical Acoustics: Principles and Methods, Volume V focuses on high frequency sound waves in liquids, solids, and gases, which are powerful tools for analyzing the molecular, domain wall, defect, and other types of motions that can take place in these media. This book discusses the measurements and techniques used for studying the effects of impurities on the anelastic properties of crystalline quartz. Comprised of six chapters, this volume starts with an overview of the various effects that can take place when waves are propagated in solids subject to high magnetic fields. This text then discusses the velocity changes and attenuation in solid and liquid metals. Other chapters consider the transmission of sound waves in superconductors and explore the giant quantum oscillations at high magnetic fields. This book discusses as well the X-ray diffraction topological method for investigating resonant vibrations. The final chapter deals with the transmission of hypersonic sound waves. This book is a valuable resource for physicists and engineers.

  • Physical Acoustics V2B

    Principles and Methods
    • 1 Edición
    • Warren P. Mason
    • Inglés
    Physical Acoustics: Principles and Methods, Volume II, Part B: Properties of Polymers and Nonlinear Acoustics presents the applications of the methods for detecting and generating sound waves. This book deals with more closely packed materials than found in liquid, which retain the ability to perform some atomic movements. Comprised of six chapters, this volume starts with an overview of the significant method for measuring nonlinearities in liquids and solids in the light diffraction method. This text then describes the basic generalization of linear viscoelastic theory, which is the only theory with enough power, range, and simplicity to be of use in relating the mechanical properties as a whole. Other chapters consider the phenomena that are observed during time-dependent dilatation of amorphous polymers and discuss the relationship of this behavior to that observed during shearing deformation. The final chapter deals with the distortion of the ultrasonic waveform arising from nonlinearity. Physicists and researchers will find this book useful.

  • Accelerator Health Physics

    • 1 Edición
    • H. Wade Patterson
    • Inglés
    Accelerator Health Physics tackles the importance of health physics in the field of nuclear physics, especially to those involved with the use of particle accelerators. The book first explores concepts in nuclear physics, such as fundamental particles, radiation fields, and the responses of the human body to radiation exposure. The book then shifts to its intended purpose and discusses the uses of particle accelerators and the radiation they emit; the measurement of the radiation fields - radiation detectors, the history, design, and application of accelerator shielding; and measures in the implementation of a health physics program. The text is recommended for health physicists who want to learn more about particle accelerators, their effects, and how these effects can be prevented. The book is also beneficial to physicists whose work involves particle accelerators, as the book aims to educate them about the hazards they face in the workplace.

  • Unidirectional Wave Motions

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 23
    • H. Levine
    • Inglés
    Unidirectional Wave Motions provides a comprehensive discussion of the formulations and their consequent elaborations which have found demonstrable value in wave analysis. The deliberate focus on unidirectional waves permits a relatively simple mathematical development, without leaving significant gaps in methodology and capability. The book is organized into three parts. The first part deals with the particulars of individual wave equations; the geometry or kinematics of wave forms; and general matters bearing on the transport of energy and momentum as well as dispersion or frequency sensitivity. The second part focuses on aspects of wave generation by localized and extended sources. The third part examines the effects of interaction between specified primary waves and medium irregularities (e.g., obstacles, inclusions, or local variations in the material parameters). Information about these irregularities or scatterers, ranging from microscopic to terrestrial scales, may be gleaned through the attendant phenomena of reflection, refraction, and diffraction, which are fundamental to wave theory.

  • Case Studies in Atomic Physics 4

    • 1 Edición
    • E McDaniel
    • Inglés
    Case Studies in Atomic Physics IV presents a collection of six case studies in atomic physics. The first study deals with the correspondence identities associated with the Coulomb potential: the Rutherford scattering identity, the Bohr-Sommerfeld identity, and the Fock identity. The second paper reviews advances in recombination. This is followed by a three-part study on relativistic self-consistent field (SCF) calculations. The first part considers relativistic SCF calculations in general, and in particular discusses different configurational averaging techniques and various statistical exchange approximations. The second part reviews the relativistic theory of hyperfine structure. The third part makes a number of comparisons between experimental results and values obtained in different SCF schemes, with exact as well as approximate exchange. The next case study on pseudopotentials compares the results of model potential and pseudopotential calculations. The final study reviews, on a kinetic basis, the behavior of low density ion swarms in a neutral gas.

  • The Plasma State

    • 1 Edición
    • Juda Shohet
    • Inglés
    The Plasma State discusses the fundamental principles that describe plasma occurrence. The book reviews the plasma state, collisions, collisional processes, diffusion, mobility, Rutherford scattering, and the collision cross-section. The motion of isolated charged particles occurs in electrical, magnetic, or gravitational fields. During low plasma density and low background gas pressure, the collision frequency is also low. It is during this time that the single particle approach can be studied using a fundamental equation of motion. The text also discusses the problems encountered in the presence of extremely large numbers of particles, moving and interacting with one another. Other topics related to the statistics of collisions and fluid behavior are the collisionless Boltzmann equation, inclusion of collisional processes in statistical descriptions, and the "integrate out" of velocity dependence of the collisionless Boltzmann equation which gives a fluid model of a plasma. The book also describes the different acceleration processes, such as Coulomb collisions, electron or ion-neutral collisions, collective or wave phenomena, that all produce radiation. The text is suitable for students of physics, engineering, atomic physics.

  • Liquid Semiconductors

    • 1 Edición
    • Melvin Cutler
    • Inglés
    Liquid Semiconductors explores the status of the subject area's field for the purpose of being a reference to future studies and investigations. Although the main area of interest here is the electronic behavior of liquid semiconductors, the book still includes basic concepts and information, thus serving as a complete source of information in the subject area. The book is organized according to the state of development of the field. After an introductory chapter, the contents of the book are divided under three major sections. The first section (Chapters 2-4) focuses on a systematic review of experimental information and attempts to answer some of the basic questions about the field. The next section (Chapters 5-6) explores the experimental behavior, specifically the theoretical basis in its interpretation. The final section (Chapters 7-8) examines existing information regarding liquid semiconductors in terms of existing theories and concepts in order to come up with specific conclusions. This book caters to both students and scholars in the field of physics or chemistry (specifically condensed matter). Readers with a general interest in the subject area can also use the book as reference.

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