Saltar al contenido principal
Elsevier

Libros en Física

  • Nanostructure Physics and Fabrication

    Proceedings of the International Symposium, College Station, Texas, March 13*b115, 1989.
    • 1 Edición
    • Mark A. Reed + 1 más
    • Inglés
    Nanostructure Physics and Fabrication contains the contributions of an interdisciplinary group of specialists in nanometer scale fabrication, physics of mesoscopic systems, electronic transport, and materials science brought together to discuss the current status of nanometer scale electronic structures. These articles provide the most current assessment of this active and growing area of interest. The introductory chapter provides comments and background material for those somewhat unfamiliar with this new area of research and serves as a condensed overview and summary of the contributions that follow.

  • Microweighing in Vacuum and Controlled Environments

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 4
    • A.W. Czanderna + 1 más
    • Inglés
    Methods and Phenomena, 4: Their Applications in Science and Technology: Microweighing in Vacuum and Controlled Environments focuses on the principles, methodologies, and approaches involved in micro mass measurements. The selection first elaborates on introduction and microbalance review, beam microbalance design, construction and operation, and sources of error in microweighing in controlled environments. Discussions focus on Brownian motion, Knudsen forces, gravitational forces, microbalance construction and operation, auxiliary equipment for operation of a vacuum microbalance, undesirable disturbances or forces, calibration techniques, and classification of various types of microbalances. The text then takes a look at physical adsorption studies and chemisorption studies with the vacuum microbalance, simultaneous microgravimetric and residual gas analyzer measurements, and simultaneous measurement of mass change and infrared spectra. Topics include chemisorption results obtained on other solids and silver powders, probing the surface phase, quantitative information from adsorption and desorption, measuring techniques, and examples of physisorption measurements and their evaluation. The manuscript examines unusual applications of the vacuum microbalance and high temperature reaction studies, as well as empirical and theoretical rate laws, permeation of water vapor through plastic membranes, and measurement of permittivity and dielectric loss factor. The selection is a valuable source of data for researchers wanting to explore microweighing in vacuum and controlled environments.

  • Physics of High Temperature Plasmas

    • 2 Edición
    • George Schmidt
    • Inglés
    Physics of High Temperature Plasmas, Second Edition focuses on plasma physics and the advances in this field. This book explores the experimental observations on linear waves and instabilities. Comprised of 11 chapters, this edition begins with an overview of heat transition as a result of the heating of a solid or liquid substance. This book then examines the behavior of plasmas, which has great significance for the understanding of our universe. This text also investigates the possible application of plasmas, such as the application of hot plasma as thermonuclear fuel. Other chapters discuss the laws of plasma physics, with emphasis on those phenomena that are relevant to the operation of thermonuclear machines. This text discusses as well the electromagnetic forces on an earthly scale, the quantum effects, particle collisions, and Maxwell’s equation. The final chapter of the book deals with the motion of charged particles. This book is intended for researchers engaged in plasma research and graduate students taking a course in plasma physics.

  • Principles of Quantum Electronics

    • 1 Edición
    • Dietrich Marcuse
    • Inglés
    Principles of Quantum Electronics focuses on the concept of quantum electronics as the application of quantum theory to engineering problems. It examines the principles that govern specific quantum electronics devices and presents their theoretical applications to typical problems. Comprised of 10 chapters, this book starts with an overview of the Dirac formulation of quantum mechanics. This text then considers the derivation of the formalism of field quantization and discusses the properties of photons and phonons. Other chapters examine the interaction between the electromagnetic field and charged particles. This book discusses as well the interaction of radiation with free and bound electrons, with focus on the spontaneous and stimulated emission of radiation by bound electrons. The final chapter provides the investigation that Maxwell's theory can be regarded as the quantum theory of a single photon. This book is a valuable resource for graduate students, specialists, and engineers who are interested in the field of quantum electrodynamics.

  • Time-correlated single photon counting

    • 1 Edición
    • Desmond O'Connor
    • Inglés
    Time-correlated Single Photon Counting has been written in the hope that by relating the authors' experiences with a variety of different single photon counting systems, they may provide a useful service to users and potential users of this formidably sensitive technique. Of all the techniques available to obtain information on the rates of depopulation of excited electronic singlet states of molecular species, monitoring of fluorescence provides, in principle, the simplest and most direct measure of concentration. This volume comprises eight chapters, with the first focusing on the time dependence and applications of fluorescence. Succeeding chapters go on to discuss basic principles of the single photon counting lifetime measurement; light sources; photomultipliers; electronics; data analysis; nanosecond time-resolved emission spectroscopy; time dependence of fluorescence anisotropy. This book will be of interest to practitioners in the field of chemistry.

  • Shock Waves in Condensed Matter - 1983

    • 1 Edición
    • J.R. Asay + 2 más
    • Inglés
    Shock Waves in Condensed Matter – 1983 covers the proceedings of the American Physical Society Topical Conference, held in Santa Fe, New Mexico on July 18-21, 1983. The book focuses on the response of matter to dynamic high pressure and temperature. The selection first elaborates on the review of theoretical calculations of phase transitions and comparisons with experimental results; theoretical and experimental studies of shock-compressed benzene and polybutene; and theory of the iron equation of state and melting curve to very high pressures. The text then ponders on nonhydrostatic effects in stress-wave induced phase transformation of calcite; Bauschinger effect model suitable for use in large computer codes; and strain rate sensitivity prediction for porous bed compaction. The manuscript takes a look at flaw nucleation and energetics of dynamic fragmentation, shock loading behavior of fused quartz, and aluminum damage simulation in high-velocity impact. Shock wave diagnostics by time-resolved infrared radiometry and non-linear Raman spectroscopy; Raman scattering temperature measurement behind a shock wave; and experiments and simulation on laser-driven shock wave evolution in aluminum targets are also discussed. The selection is a dependable reference for scientists and readers interested in the response of matter when exposed to dynamic high pressure and temperature.

  • Methods of Surface Analysis

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 1
    • A.W. Czanderna
    • Inglés
    Methods of Surface Analysis deals with the determination of the composition of surfaces and the identification of species attached to the surface. The text applies methods of surface analysis to obtain a composition depth profile after various stages of ion etching or sputtering. The composition at the solid—solid interface is revealed by systematically removing atomic planes until the interface of interest is reached, in which the investigator can then determine its composition. The book reviews the effect of ion etching on the results obtained by any method of surface analysis including the effect of the rate of etching, incident energy of the bombarding ion, the properties of the solid, the effect of the ion etching on generating an output signal of electrons, ions, or neutrals. The text also describes the effect of the residual gases in the vacuum environment. The book considers the influence of the sample geometry, of the type (metal, insulator, semiconductor, organic), and of the atomic number can have on surface analysis. The text describes in detail low energy ion scattering spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Auger electron spectroscopy, secondary ion mass spectroscopy, and infrared reflection-absorptio... spectroscopy. The book can prove useful for researchers, technicians, and scientists whose works involve organic chemistry, analytical chemistry, and other related fields of chemistry, such as physical chemistry or inorganic chemistry.

  • Physics in the Making

    Essays on Developments in 20th Century Physics
    • 1 Edición
    • A. Sarlemijn + 1 más
    • Inglés
    H.B.G. Casimir's life, interests and works are intertwined with the importantdevelopment... that have taken place in physics during this century. This book was compiled by his friends and admirers in honour of his 80th birthday andconcentrates mainly on Casimir's achievements in the field of physics, thoughwithout ignoring the peripheral areas of the history and philosophy of physics in which he was greatly interested. The book is divided into four parts. Part I describes Casimir's teachers, Ehrenfest, Bohr and Pauli, and will be of general interest due to the key role which these physicists played in moderndevelopments. The articles do give new facts and provide new insights into thehistory of modern physics. Part II consists of essays on recent developments invarious areas of physics in which Casimir has taken an active interest, such asthe modern concept of time, statistical foundations of electrodynamic theory andfield theory. The subjects covered in Part III have been selected because ofCasimir's efforts in the industrial research area of physics. They cover past,present and future expectations in research. Part IV contains an essay whichdiscusses a philosophy of physics currently under discussion, which states thatphenomenological laws prevail over fundamental ones for the purpose ofexperimental and technical physics. A second chapter in this final part gives acritical analysis of this philosophical view. The book is concluded by anappendix discussing Casimir's activities as a lecturer, written by a formerstudent.

  • Lectures on The Many-Body Problems V2

    • 1 Edición
    • E.R. Caianiello
    • Inglés
    Lectures on the Many-Body Problem is a compilation of papers delivered at the Fifth International School of Physics, held at Ravello, Italy in April 1963. The book is devoted to the techniques of many-body theory, which are used in finding solutions to difficult problems encountered in solid-state physics. The text discusses such topics as the discontinuities in the drift velocity of ions in liquid helium; density fluctuation excitations in many-particle systems; tunneling from a many-particle point of view; the mathematics of second quantization for systems of fermions; and correlation functions and macroscopic equations. Theoretical physicists will find the monograph invaluable.

  • University Physics

    • 1 Edición
    • George Arfken
    • Inglés
    University Physics provides an authoritative treatment of physics. This book discusses the linear motion with constant acceleration; addition and subtraction of vectors; uniform circular motion and simple harmonic motion; and electrostatic energy of a charged capacitor. The behavior of materials in a non-uniform magnetic field; application of Kirchhoff's junction rule; Lorentz transformations; and Bernoulli's equation are also deliberated. This text likewise covers the speed of electromagnetic waves; origins of quantum physics; neutron activation analysis; and interference of light. This publication is beneficial to physics, engineering, and mathematics students intending to acquire a general knowledge of physical laws and conservation principles.

  • Experimental Food Science

    • 3 Edición
    • Inglés
    This textbook presents the scientific basis for understanding the nature of food and the principles of experimental methodology as applied to food. It reviews recent research findings and specific technological advances related to food. Taking an experimental approach, exercises are included at the end of each chapter to provide the needed experience in planning experiments. Emphasizing the relationships between chemical and physical properties, basic formulas and procedures are included in the appendix.

  • Atomic Radiative Processes

    • 1 Edición
    • Peter R. Fontana
    • Inglés
    Atomic Radiative Processes provides a unified treatment of the theory of atomic radiative processes. Fourier transforms are used to obtain solutions of time-dependent Schrödinger equations, and coupled differential equations are transformed to coupled linear equations that in most cases can be readily solved. This book consists of nine chapters and begins with an overview of some of the properties of the classical field and its interaction with particles, focusing on those aspects needed for a better understanding of quantum theory. The Hamiltonian formalism is used to quantize the field, and the density of states of the radiation field is considered. The following chapters focus on a few Fourier transform techniques and their application to such areas as coherence properties of the field and amplitude and intensity correlations; the theory of angular momentum; the properties of irreducible tensors; quantization of the radiation field; and photon states. The interaction of a two-level atom with single modes of the radiation field is also discussed, along with spontaneous emission and decay processes; the evolution of coupled atomic states; the frequency distribution of emitted radiation; and radiative excitation and fluorescence. This monograph is intended for students and researchers in pure and applied physics.

  • Stratified Flows

    • 1 Edición
    • Chia-Shun Yih
    • Inglés
    Stratified Flows is the second edition of the book Dynamics of Nonhomogenous Fluids. This book discusses the flow of a fluid of variable density or entropy in a gravitational field. In this edition, corrections have been made; unnecessary parts have been omitted; and new sections as well as notes on results related to the subject have been added. This book includes a general discussion of the effects of density or entropy and the structure of stratified flows; waves of small amplitude; the Eigenvalue problem; dependence of phase velocity on wavelength; wave motion; steady flows of finite amplitude; and types of solutions for steady flows. This edition also covers other topics such as hydrodynamic stability; flows in porous media; and the analogy between gravitational and electromagnetic forces. This text is recommended for those in the field of physics who would like to be familiarized with stratified flows and its related concepts.

  • Electronic Phase Transitions

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 32
    • Yu.V. Kopaev + 1 más
    • Inglés
    Electronic Phase Transitions deals with topics, which are presently at the forefront of scientific research in modern solid-state theory. Anderson localization, which has fundamental implications in many areas of solid-state physics as well as spin glasses, with its influence on quite different research activities such as neural networks, are two examples that are reviewed in this book. The ab initio statistical mechanics of structural phase transitions is another prime example, where the interplay and connection of two unrelated disciplines of solid-state theory - first principle electronic structure calculations and critical phenomena - has given rise to impressive new insights. Clearly, there is more and more need for accurate, stable numerical simulations of models of interacting electrons, presently discussed with great vigor in connection with high-Tc superconductors where the superconducting transition is close to a magnetic transition, i.e. an antiferromagnetic spin structure. These topics and others are discussed and reviewed by leading experts in the field.

  • Charged–Particle Reaction List 1948–1971

    • 1 Edición
    • F McGowan
    • Inglés
    Charged-Particle Reaction List 1948-1971 is a guide to experiments on charged-particle-ind... reactions that have been reported in journal literature during the period 1948 to June 1971. This compendium consists of the material from four Reaction Lists which have already appeared in Nuclear Data Tables. Each published article is listed under the target nuclei in the nuclear reactions which it treats. Reactions are denoted by A(a,b)B, where A and B are the target and residual nucleus, respectively; a is the bombarding charged particle and b is the outgoing product particle or particles. The guide also includes a brief information after the reaction designation, namely, the energy E of the bombarding projectile in MeV, a short statement of the type of data that is found in the paper, and a bibliographic information on the paper itself. A symbol THY in the extreme right-hand column denotes the theoretical papers concerned with analysis of nuclear reaction data. For papers dealing with experimental data on energy spectra, the angle of observation of the emerging reaction products, the accelerator, as well as the detector used are given for many entries under the column heading "Quantity Measured." The guide will prove immensely useful for theoretical physicists, nuclear physicists, and molecular physicists.

  • Optical Orientation

    • 1 Edición
    • F. Meier + 1 más
    • Inglés
    This book comprises the first systematic exposition of various physical aspects of the orientation of electron and nuclear spins in semiconductors by optical means.

  • Alpha-, Beta- and Gamma-Ray Spectroscopy

    • 1 Edición
    • K. Siegbahn
    • Inglés
    Alpha-, Beta- and Gamma-Ray Spectroscopy Volume 1 offers a comprehensive account of radioactivity and related low-energy phenomena. It summarizes progress in the field of alpha-, beta- and gamma-ray spectroscopy, including the discovery of the non-conservation of parity, as well as new experimental methods that elucidate the processes of weak interactions in general and beta-decay in particular. Comprised of 14 chapters, the book presents experimental methods and theoretical discussions and calculations to maintain the link between experiment and theory. It begins with a discussion of the interaction of electrons and alpha particles with matter. The book explains the elastic scattering of electrons by atomic nuclei and the interaction between gamma-radiation and matter. It then introduces topic on beta-ray spectrometer theory and design and crystal diffraction spectroscopy of nuclear gamma rays. Moreover, the book discusses the applications of the scintillation counter; proportional counting in gases; and the general processes and procedures used in determining disintegration schemes through a study of the beta- and gamma-rays emitted. In addition, it covers the nuclear shell model; collective nuclear motion and the unified model; and alpha-decay conservation laws. The emissions of gamma-radiation during charged particle bombardment and from fission fragments, as well as the neutron-capture radiation spectroscopy, are also explained. Experimentalists will find this book extremely useful.

  • Physics of Dielectrics for the Engineer

    • 1 Edición
    • Roland Coelho
    • Inglés
    Physics of Dielectrics for the Engineer is a systematic attempt to clarify and correlate advanced concepts underlying the physics of dielectrics. It reviews the basics of electrostatics, the different models for the polarizability of atoms and molecules, and the macroscopic permittivity. It also discusses the behavior of matter in an alternating field in relation to complex permittivity, the interactions between field and matter, dissipative effects under high electric fields, the wide-gap semiconductor model, the types of charge carriers, and the main disruptive processes. Organized into three parts encompassing 12 chapters, this volume begins with an overview of the physical concepts involved in the behavior of insulating materials subjected to high electric fields. It then explores the potential of a group of charges, and dipoles induced in an applied field. The book explains statistical theories of dipole orientation in an applied field and theories relating molecular and macroscopic quantities. The propagation of an electromagnetic wave, dipole relaxation of defects in crystal lattices, and space-charge polarization and relaxation are also discussed. The book explains the uni-dimensional polar lattice, intrinsic and impurity conduction in wide-gap semiconductors, thermal runaway, and collision breakdown. Many problems with corresponding solutions are included to assist the reader. This book will benefit electrical engineers, as well as electrical engineering students, scientists, and technicians.

  • Principles of Laser Dynamics

    • 1 Edición
    • Y.I. Khanin
    • Inglés
    This monograph summarizes major achievements in laser dynamics over the past three decades. The book begins with two introductory Chapters. Chapter 1 offers general considerations on quantum oscillators, formulates the requirements for the laser key elements and shows how these requirements are met in different laser systems. The second Chapter proposes the mathematical models used in semiclassical laser theory, discusses the approximations and simplifications in particular cases, and specifies the range of applicability of these models. In Chapters 3-5 attention is given primarily to the steady states and their stability, the laser behavior in the instability domain, the characteristics of regular and chaotic pulsations and the nature of their mechanisms.Chapter 6 deals with the processes in a laser, accompanying the time variance of laser parameters. Considerable attention is given to a laser response to weak, low-frequency modulation of the parameters. The problems addressed therein are resonant modulation enhancement, transition to the nonlinear regime, chaotic response to periodic impact, spike-like generation due to variation of the cavity geometry and a laser rod temperature drift.Laser behavior is subject to qualitative changes if its optical elements exhibit nonlinear properties. The action of a saturable absorber, which leads to a loss of laser stability and provides passive Q-modulation, is investigated. To a much lesser degree the researchers' attention has been attracted by other nonlinear effects such as self-focusing, e.g., which may have a strong influence on laser dynamics. All of these issues are covered in Chapter 7.The book is intended for researchers, engineers, graduate and post-graduate students majoring in quantum electronics.

  • Spin Waves and Magnetic Excitations

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 22
    • Inglés
    Modern Problems in Condensed Matter Sciences, Volume 22.1: Spin Waves and Magnetic Excitations, Part I focuses on the principles, methodologies, approaches, and reactions involved in spin waves and magnetic excitations, including, Brillouin-Mandelstam light scattering, optical magnetic excitations, and magnetic dielectrics. The selection first elaborates on spin waves in magnetic dielectrics current status of the theory and light scattering from spin waves. Discussions focus on magneto-optic effects and the mechanism of light scattering in magnets, Brillouin-Mandelstam light scattering, Raman scattering, Collinear Heisenberg ferromagnet, low-temperature phase transitions, and low-dimensional systems. The text then ponders on optical magnetic excitations, spin waves above the threshold of parametric excitations, and theory of spin excitations in rare earth systems. Topics include Hamiltonian for rare earth systems, parametric instability of spin waves in magnetic dielectrics, nonstationary processes in parametric excitation of spin waves, radiative decay of magnetic excitons, and mechanism of the generation of magnetic excitations by light. The book tackles 4f moments and their interaction with conduction electrons and neutron scattering studies of magnetic excitations in itinerant magnets, including magnetic excitations at finite and low temperatures, paramagnetic scattering, coupling to conduction electrons, and virtual magnetic excitations. The selection is highly recommended for researchers wanting to study spin waves and magnetic excitations.

  • Polymer Sequence Determination

    Carbon-13 NMR Method
    • 1 Edición
    • James Randall
    • Inglés
    Polymer Sequence Determination: Carbon-13 NMR Method covers the principles, practice, and application of 13C NMR to polymer structure determination. This book is divided into six chapters that highlight spectral interpretations, applications, and experimental considerations. Chapter 1 examines the polymer structure, with special emphasis on those structural features delineated by 13C NMR, along with the assignment techniques used during 13C NMR interpretations of polymer spectra. Chapters 2 and 3 present the methods for measuring sequence distributions and number-average sequence lengths for configurational sequences in vinyl homopolymers and for the comonomer distribution in copolymers and terpolymers. Chapter 4 discusses the statistical approaches to polymer characterization, while Chapter 5 contains practical experimental considerations when designing an NMR experiment to obtain quantitative structural information. Chapter 6 reviews 13C NMR studies for various vinyl homopolymers and copolymers. This book will be of great value to polymer scientists, NMR spectroscopists, and researchers.

  • Structure of High-Resolution NMR Spectra

    • 1 Edición
    • P.L. Corio
    • Inglés
    Structure of High-Resolution NMR Spectra provides the principles, theories, and mathematical and physical concepts of high-resolution nuclear magnetic resonance spectra. The book presents the elementary theory of magnetic resonance; the quantum mechanical theory of angular momentum; the general theory of steady state spectra; and multiple quantum transitions, double resonance and spin echo experiments. Physicists, chemists, and researchers will find the book a valuable reference text.

  • Physics Of High-Tc Superconductors

    • 1 Edición
    • J Phillips
    • Inglés
    Physics of High-Tc Superconductors highlights the important experiments that provide insights on the concept of high-temperature superconductors. Composed of 11 chapters, this book covers the theories and materials of these superconductors. The opening chapters of this book deal with the concepts at the cutting edge of materials science and the technical details of electron-phonon interaction calculations and their application to high-Tc superconductors. The subsequent chapters describe the various features of the atomic and electronic structure of high-Tc superconductor materials, such as quaternary, metallic, and pseudoperovskite copper oxides. These topics are followed by descriptions of the isotope effect, lattice vibrations, and optical spectra of high-Tc superconductor materials. The discussion then shifts to tunneling, relaxation, and morphological studies of these materials. The concluding chapter focuses on the superconductivity potential of bismates and thallates. Undergraduate materials science students will find this book invaluable.

  • Semiconductors Probed by Ultrafast Laser Spectroscopy Pt I

    • 1 Edición
    • Robert R. Alfano
    • Inglés
    Semiconductors Probed by Ultrafast Laser Spectroscopy, Volume 1 discusses the use of ultrafast laser spectroscopy in studying fast physics in semiconductors. It reviews progress on the experimental and theoretical understanding of ultrafast events that occur on a picosecond and nanosecond time scale. This volume first explores the relaxation of energy and the momentum of hot carriers and then turns to relaxation of plasmas and phonons. It also discusses the dynamics of excitons, polaritons, and excitonic molecules and reviews transient transport and diffusion of carriers. Scientists, engineers, and graduate students will find this book invaluable.

  • An Introduction to Solid State Diffusion

    • 1 Edición
    • Richard J. Borg + 1 más
    • Inglés
    The energetics and mechanisms of diffusion control the kinetics of such diverse phenomena as the fabrication of semiconductors and superconductors, the tempering of steel, geological metamorphism, the precipitation hardening of nonferrous alloys and corrosion of metals and alloys. This work explains the fundamentals of diffusion in the solid state at a level suitable for upper-level undergraduate and beginning graduate students in materials science, metallurgy, mineralogy, and solid state physics and chemistry. A knowledge of physical chemistry such as is generally provided by a one-year undergraduate course is a prerequisite, though no detailed knowledge of solid state physics or crystallography is required.

  • Brownian Motion and Classical Potential Theory

    • 1 Edición
    • Sidney Port
    • Inglés
    Brownian Motion and Classical Potential Theory is a six-chapter text that discusses the connection between Brownian motion and classical potential theory. The first three chapters of this book highlight the developing properties of Brownian motion with results from potential theory. The subsequent chapters are devoted to the harmonic and superharmonic functions, as well as the Dirichlet problem. These topics are followed by a discussion on the transient potential theory of Green potentials, with an emphasis on the Newtonian potentials, as well as the recurrent potential theory of logarithmic potentials. The last chapters deal with the application of Brownian motion to obtain the main theorems of classical potential theory. This book will be of value to physicists, chemists, and biologists.

  • Excitons

    Their Properties and Uses
    • 1 Edición
    • Donald C. Reynolds
    • Inglés
    Excitons: Their Properties and Uses presents the fundamental properties of excitons and emphasizes the extensive use of excitons as a tool in understanding the properties of materials. This book explores the basic and technological importance of the physical parameters of materials. Organized into eight chapters, this text starts with a discussion on the theoretical aspects of excitons, and then explores the high-density exciton systems in which the interaction between the constituents is important. Other chapters discuss the experimental observations of exciton phenomena with proper theoretical interpretation of the data. The reader is then introduced to the interactions of excitons with other systems. The final chapter examines the experimental techniques used in the study of excitons and the importance of excitons in materials technology. This book is a valuable resource for scientists and researchers working with semiconductors and other areas of materials technology. Second-year graduate students of solid-state physics will find this book extremely useful.

  • Perspectives in Theoretical Physics

    The Collected Papers of E\M\Lifshitz
    • 1 Edición
    • J. B. Sykes + 1 más
    • L. P. Pitaevskii
    • Inglés
    Evgenii Mikhailovich Lifshitz is perhaps best known for his long association with his mentor Lev D Landau, with whom he co-wrote the classic Course of Theoretical Physics, but he was a noted and respected Soviet physicist in his own right. Born in the Ukraine to a scientific family, his long and distinguished career will be remembered for three things - his collaboration with Landau on the internationally acclaimed Course of Theoretical Physics, his work as editor of the Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Physics, and his scientific papers. As well as his work with Landau, E\M\Lifshitz collaborated with many noted Soviet scientists such as I\M\Khalatnikov, I\E\Dyzaloshinskii, V\V\Sudakov, V\A\Belinskii and the editor of this book, L\P\Pitaevskii. Many of the papers presented in this book include their contribution. Collected together they give a comprehensive and penetrating insight into the man and his work, clearly showing Lifshitz's contribution to physics and the influences on his work.

  • High Resolution NMR in Solids Selective Averaging

    Supplement 1 Advances in Magnetic Resonance
    • 1 Edición
    • Ulrich Haeberlen
    • Inglés
    High Resolution NMR in Solids: Selective Averaging presents the principles and applications of the four approaches to high resolution NMR in solids — magic-angle sample spinning, multiple-pulse, proton-enhanced nuclear induction, and indirect detection methods. Divided into six chapters, this book initially describes the tensorial properties of nuclear spin interactions in both ordinary and spin spaces. It then deals with the manifestations of nuclear magnetic shielding in NMR spectra of both single-crystal and powder samples, and then discusses the techniques for analyzing spectra and rotation patterns in terms of shielding tensors. A wide range of NMR phenomena that are result of intentional or natural, selective or unselective averaging processes and the average Hamiltonian theory that yields the inclusion of correction are covered. This book also provides a detailed discussion on multiple-pulse sequences intended for high resolution NMR in solids. The concluding chapter examines the applications of multiple-pulse techniques, with particular emphasis on measurements of 19F and 1H shielding tensors. Discussions on rotations of angular momentum operators; time ordering and the Magnus expansion; off-resonance averaging of the second-order dipolar Hamiltonian; and phase transients are covered in the supplemental texts.

  • International Trends in Optics

    • 1 Edición
    • Joseph W. Goodman
    • Inglés
    International Trends in Optics provides a broad view of work in the field of optics throughout the world. Topics range from quantum optoelectronics for optical processing to optics in telecommunications, along with microoptics, optical memories, and fiber-optic signal processing. Holographic optical elements for use with semiconductor lasers are also considered. Comprised of 34 chapters, this book begins with an introduction to some of the practical applications of integrated optical circuits, optoelectronic integrated circuits, and photonic integrated circuits. Subsequent chapters deal with quantum optoelectronics for optical processing; fiber-optic signal processing; holographic optical elements for use with semiconductor lasers; potential uses of photorefractives; and adaptive interferometry that makes use of photorefractive crystals. Water wave optics and diffraction are also examined, together with the essential journals of optics and the opposition effect in volume and surface scattering. The final chapter is devoted to optical computing, with emphasis on its processing functions and architecture. This monograph will be of interest to students, practitioners, and researchers in physics and electronics.

  • Deconvolution of Absorption Spectra

    • 1 Edición
    • William Blass
    • Inglés
    Deconvolution of Absorption Spectra describes the concept and application of signal recovery using deconvolution of absorption spectra, particularly from signal and frequency space. This book contains 13 chapters and begins with an overview of the concept and application of physical measurement systems. The succeeding chapters deal with the deconvolution in signal space, solutions for fundamentally linear methods, the application of the Jansson algorithm, and tests for the validity and reliability of deconvolution results of high-quality infrared absorption spectra. These topics are followed by discussions of the influence of noise problems, the complete case history of a deconvulated data run, and the validity of deconvolved line intensities. The last chapters summarize the performance, advantages, and limitations of deconvolution technique. This book will prove useful to physical scientists, geophysicists, electrical engineers, and statisticians.

  • Electron-Molecule Interactions and Their Applications

    • 1 Edición
    • L Christophorou
    • Inglés
    Electron-Molecule Interactions and Their Applications, Volume 1 presents a comprehensive account of electron-molecule interactions in high- and ultra-high-pressure gases and liquids. Topics covered include elastic scattering of electrons by molecules; excitation, ionization, and dissociation of molecules by electron impact; electron-molecule resonances; and electron attachment and detachment processes. This volume is comprised of seven chapters and begins with a discussion on non-resonant elastic scattering and rotational excitation of molecules by electrons, followed by a review of non-resonant vibrational and electronic excitation. The reader is then introduced to resonance effects in electron scattering; electron-induced ionization and dissociation of molecules; and electron-molecule resonances. The ionization mechanisms and types of ions produced are highlighted, along with differential ionization cross sections. The final two chapters focus on electron attachment and detachment processes, paying particular attention to modes of electron capture by molecules such as via negative-ion resonant states. The collisional dynamics for a few selected atomic reactants are also described. Physicists will find this book extremely helpful.

  • Multiple Light Scattering

    Tables, Formulas, and Applications
    • 1 Edición
    • H Van de Hulst
    • Inglés
    Multiple Light Scattering: Tables, Formulas, and Applications, Volume 1 serves to give concise and handy information related to multiple scattering theory in such a way that the reader would not have to rely on extensive literature on the subject. The book is divided into two parts. Part I: General Theory covers the basic concepts, terms, and notations related to multiple scattering theory; exponential integrals and related functions; reciprocity and detailed balance; different related methods; and homogenous atmospheres with arbitrary phase function and single-scattering albedo. Part II: Isotropic Scattering discusses related concepts such as solutions using the Milne operator; semi-infinite atmospheres; the H-functions; and finite slabs. The text is recommended for practitioners in optics, atmospheric physics, astronomy, and other fields that need a reference book in the subject of multiple light scattering.

  • Plasma Polymerization

    • 1 Edición
    • H K Yasuda
    • Inglés
    Plasma Polymerization aims to bridge the conceptual gap between the academic and practical approaches to plasma polymerization and highlights the significance of plasma polymerization in materials science and technology. The major topics covered are gas-phase kinetics, ionization of gases, fundamentals of polymerization, mechanism of polymer formation in plasma, competitive aspects of polymer formation and ablation, mechanism of polymer deposition, operational factors of plasma polymerization, and electrical properties of plasma polymers. This book is comprised of 11 chapters and begins with a brief overview of plasma polymerization and its growing importance for the formation of entirely new kinds of materials. The discussion then shifts to a comparison between plasma-state polymerization and plasma-induced polymerization, between plasma polymerization and graft polymerization, and between plasma polymerization and radiation polymerization. The reader is also introduced to fundamental aspects of gas-phase reactions, paying particular attention to the classical kinetic theory of gas, as well as the mechanisms of formation of polymeric materials in plasma, competitive ablation and polymer formation in plasma, and polymer deposition in plasma polymerization. The operational parameters of plasma polymerization are described and a chapter devoted to the electrical properties of plasma-polymerized thin organic films concludes the book. This book will be of interest to students and researchers of material science.

  • Thermodynamics and Statistical Mechanics

    • 1 Edición
    • J Kestin
    • Inglés
    Lectures on Theoretical Physics, Volume V: Thermodynamics and Statistical Mechanics discusses the significant developments and problems in the study of thermodynamics and statistical mechanics. This volume contains five chapters. The first two chapters provide an overview of the various aspects and applications of thermodynamics. Chapter III contains a preliminary introduction to statistical mechanics, with an emphasis on the Brownian motion, which is the most important example of statistical fluctuations. Chapter IV describes the Boltzmann’s original form of combinatorial method, in which the molecules of a gas are endowed with a physically real existence. This chapter also considers the various numerical combinations that govern the way in which the mutually indistinguishable particles are distributed over the states constituting the substance of the statistics. Chapter V explores the behavior of molecules in perfect gases following the course of historical development. This chapter covers an exact formulation of the kinetic theory of gases. Physics teachers and students will find this book invaluable.

  • Introduction to Modern Physics

    • 2 Edición
    • John Mcgervey
    • Inglés
    Introduction to Modern Physics, Second Edition is a 16-chapter text that discusses the principles of modern physics. This book deals first with the basic topics of modern science including the atomic nature of matter and electricity; the theory of relativity; the old quantum theory; waves and particles; and the Schrödinger equation. The subsequent chapters cover other general topics of molecular spectra, superconductivity, and the biological effects of radiation, illustrating the fundamental quantum theory of angular momentum and the harmonic oscillator. The remaining chapters explore the properties of nucleus, nuclear transformation, and interactions of particles. This book is an invaluable source for undergraduate quantum mechanics students.

  • Strongly Coupled Plasma Physics

    • 1 Edición
    • S. Ichimaru
    • Inglés
    Charged particles in dense matter exhibit strong correlations due to the exchange and Coulomb interactions, and thus make a strongly coupled plasma. Examples in laboratory and astrophysical settings include solid and liquid metals, semiconductors, charged particles in lower dimensions such as those trapped in interfacial states of condensed matter or beams, dense multi-ionic systems such a superionic conductors and inertial-confinement... plasmas . The aim of the conference was to elucidate the various physical processes involved in these dense materials. The subject areas covered include plasma physics, atomic and molecular physics, condensed matter physics and astrophysics.

  • Semiclassical Descriptions of Atomic and Nuclear Collisions

    • 1 Edición
    • J. Bang + 1 más
    • Inglés
    These proceedings contain the invited papers, both theoreticaland experimental presented at this symposium, the first of 3 heldin Copenhagen to honour Niels Bohr's hundredth birthday.

  • Applications of Piezoelectric Quartz Crystal Microbalances

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 7
    • C. Lu + 1 más
    • Inglés
    Applications of Piezoelectric Quartz Crystal Microbalances deals with the theory, design, artifacts, and varied applications of the piezoelectric quartz crystal microbalance. Applications of microbalances range from thin film deposition process control to simultaneous measurement of mass and temperature, analytical chemistry, and space system contamination studies. Stress effects in microbalances are also considered. Comprised of 10 chapters, this volume begins with a historical background and overview of applications of piezoelectric quartz crystal microbalances, followed by an analysis of the theory and practice of microbalances. The role of acoustic impedance in a quartz crystal microbalance and design considerations for a microbalance are given emphasis. Subsequent chapters focus on applications of microbalances in thin film deposition process control; simultaneous measurement of mass and temperature; surface science and analytical chemistry; plasma-assisted etching and space system contamination studies; and aerosol mass measurement. This monograph will be of interest to students and practitioners of physics, chemistry, and materials science.

  • Superstring Construction

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 4
    • A.N. Schellekens
    • Inglés
    The book includes a selection of papers on the construction of superstring theories, mainly written during the years 1984-1987. It covers ten-dimensional supersymmetric and non-supersymmetric strings, four-dimensional heterotic strings and four-dimensional type-II strings. An introduction to more recent developments in conformal field theory in relation to string construction is provided.

  • Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Vacuum Ultraviolet Radiation Physics

    • 1 Edición
    • T. Miyahara + 3 más
    • Inglés
    These volumes contain 365 of the 505 papers presented at the VUV-11 Conference, held at Rikkyo University, Tokyo, from August 27th to September 1st 1995. The papers are divided into three sections: atomic and molecular spectroscopy, solid state spectroscopy and instrumentation and technological applications. New aspects presented were both quantitative and qualitative improvements in fluorescence spectroscopy and magnetic circular dichroism measurements. The fluorescence data are complementary to those of photoemission in a sense but they appear to open up a new method to analyze the optical excitation and relaxation processes. The application of magnetic circular dichroism has proved to be useful not only in analyzing the electronic structures of magnetic materials but also in practical applications to material engineering as found in experiments combined with photoelectron microscopy. Excellent developments in applications are only found in the field of surface photochemistry, where the technique of etching using VUV light has been appreciably refined.Although the majority of distinctive scientific features in the VUV-11 Conference have been brought about by the application of synchrotron radiation, experiments using a different type of light source appear to have progressed steadily. This is evident in the studies of plasma radiation.

  • Nonlinear Surface Electromagnetic Phenomena

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 29
    • H.-E. Ponath + 1 más
    • Inglés
    In recent years the physics of electromagnetic surface phenomena has developed rapidly, evolving into technologies for communications and industry, such as fiber and integrated optics. The variety of phenomena based on electromagnetism at surfaces is rich and this book was written with the aim of summarizing the available knowledge in selected areas of the field.The book contains reviews written by solid state and optical physicists on the nonlinear interaction of electromagnetic waves at and with surfaces and films. Both the physical phenomena and some potential applications are dealt with. Included are discussions of nonlinear wave mixing on films and surfaces, second harmonic generation in waveguides and at surfaces, nonlinear waves guided by dielectric and semiconductor surfaces and films, surface gratings formed by high energy laser beams, and reflection and transmission switching of strong beams onto nonlinear surfaces. Chapters on light scattering from surface excitations and magnetic order-disorder and orientational phase transitions complete this essential contribution to the modern optics literature.

  • Films on Solid Surfaces

    The Physics and Chemistry of Physical Adsorption
    • 1 Edición
    • J.G. Dash
    • Inglés
    Films on Solid Surfaces presents the physics and chemistry of physical adsorption. This book contains 10 chapters that are ordered according to the flow of a course given in a graduate study in University of Washington during 1973. The introductory chapter presents the motivation for the completion of the book. As the motivating factors are established, the book follows with the topic on atomic nature of physical adsorption and the states of single adsorbed atoms. A review of experimental techniques for the study of solid surfaces and films is given, as well as a discussion of substrate preparation and equilibrium thermodynamics. The various states of films and their phase transitions encompass four chapters. Lastly, the book also reviews thin film superfluidity. This book specifically caters to scientists in the fields of physics and biology working on physical adsorption and surface science.

  • Handbook of Infrared Standards II: with Spectral Coverage between

    • 1 Edición
    • Bozzano G Luisa
    • Inglés
    This timely compilation of infrared standards has been developed for use by infrared researchers in chemistry, physics, engineering, astrophysics, and laser and atmospheric sciences. Providing maps of closely spaced molecular spectra along with their measured wavenumbers between 1.4vm and 4vm, this handbook will complement the 1986 Handbook of Infrared Standards that included special coverage between 3 and 2600vm. It will serve as a necessary reference for all researchers conducting spectroscopic investigations in the near-infrared region.Key Features:- Provides all new spectral coverage between 1.4vm and 4vm- Comprises over 500 pages of spectral maps and accompanies wavenumbertables- Includes a useful study of the heterodyne frequency measurement- Provides an update of OsO4 measurements using saturation absorption spectroscopy- Features easy-to-read spectral maps to help locate information at a glance

  • Comminution 1994

    • 1 Edición
    • K.S.E. Forssberg + 1 más
    • Inglés
    This publication is the result of the 8th European Conference on Comminution. Containing many significant contributions concerning the topic of Comminution, the book gives the reader a vital insight into the subject.

  • Magnetic Properties of Fine Particles

    • 1 Edición
    • J.L. Dormann + 1 más
    • Inglés
    The aim of this volume is to advance the understanding of the fundamental properties of fine magnetic particles and to discuss the latest developments from both the theoretical and experimental viewpoints, with special emphasis being placed on the applications in different branches of science and technology.All aspects of fine magnetic particles are covered in the 46 papers. The topics are remarkably interdisciplinary covering theory, materials preparation, structural characterization, optical and electrical properties, magnetic properties studied by different techniques and applications. Some new fundamental properties, such as quantum tunneling and transverse fluctuations of magnetic moments are also explored. Research workers involved in these aspects of materials technology will find this book of great interest.

  • Focusing of Charged Particles V2

    • 1 Edición
    • Albert Septier
    • Inglés
    Focusing of Charged Particles, Volume II presents the aspects of particle optics, including the electron, the ion optical domains, and the accelerator field. This book provides a detailed analysis of the principles of the laws of propagation of beams. Comprised of three parts encompassing three chapters, this volume starts with an overview of how a beam of charged particles traverses a region that is at a uniform, constant, electrostatic potential. This book then discusses the principle of charge repulsion effect by which the space charge of the beam modifies the potential in the region that it traverses. Other chapters examine the general design techniques and performances obtainable for electron guns applicable for use in initiating a beam for linear beam tubes that is given in a condensed form. The last chapter deals with the two stable charged particles that can be accelerated, namely, protons and electrons. This book is a valuable resource to physicists, accelerator experts, and experimenters in search of interactions in the detector target.

  • Helium Three

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 26
    • L. P. Pitaevskii + 1 más
    • Inglés
    Introducing the subject of superfluid helium three and polarized liquid helium three, this book is devoted to modern problems in many body physics specific to the quantum fluid helium three. Relationships between properties of helium three and topics in other fields are established including superconductivity, non-linear dynamics, acoustics, and magnetically polarized quantum systems.Among the chapters in this collection one finds valuable reference material and original research not published elsewhere. Advanced research topics are presented in a pedagogical manner, in considerable depth, and with appropriate introductory material sufficiently general to be suitable to the non-specialist.

  • Fluid Mechanics and Thermodynamics of Our Environment

    • 1 Edición
    • S Eskinazi
    • Inglés
    Fluid Mechanics and Thermodynamics of Our Environment provides an introduction to the mechanical and thermodynamic properties of the environment. The book begins with a discussion of the nature of the physical environment, namely the earth, the atmosphere, and the oceans. It then reviews the origin, definitions, and physical characteristics and relations of concepts affecting the state of the geofluid system. Separate chapters cover the principles of heat transfer; factors affecting the mechanical and thermal equilibrium of the environment; the phenomenon of surface tension; kinematics and dynamics of the environment; inviscid motion of the atmospheric and oceanic free layers; and the physical and mathematical behavior of the planetary boundary layer. The final chapter discusses some applied problems pertaining to the environment. These include problems involving the thermal plume, hurricanes, and the dynamic response of a balloon in a vortical atmospheric column. This book was developed for engineering classes interested in the motion of the environment which is a main carrier of pollutants. The selection of topics and the emphasis make the material primarily suited for engineering work.

  • Unitary Symmetry and Elementary Particles

    • 2 Edición
    • D Lichtenberg
    • Inglés
    Unitary Symmetry and Elementary Particles, Second Edition presents the role of symmetry in the study of the physics of the elementary particles. This book discusses the nature and scope of unitary symmetry in physics. Comprised of 12 chapters, this edition starts with an overview of the theories of electromagnetism and gravitation to describe the behavior of certain physical systems. This text then examines the two main categories of the mathematical properties of groups, namely, the properties of abstract groups and the properties of representations of groups. Other chapters consider the use of group theory, which is a significant tool in studying symmetry. This book discusses as well the states that are the basis vectors of irreducible unitary representations of Lie group. The final chapter deals with the quark model, which provides a useful way to understand many properties of hadrons in terms of simpler entities. This book is a valuable resource for physicists.

Temas relacionados