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Elsevier

Libros en Física

  • Nickel and Chromium Plating

    • 3 Edición
    • J. K. Dennis + 1 más
    • Inglés
    During the last decade the engineering applications for nickel and chromium coatings have gained in importance. In this third edition the chapter dealing with engineering applications has been updated and expanded to include more information on electroforming and composite coatings, and engineering applications have been emphasised in the additions to the chapter on autocatalytic deposition of nickel. Additions have been made to the sections on pulse plating and use or rotating cathodes, and the section on trivalent chromium has been extended.

  • Molecular Nonlinear Optics

    Materials, Physics, and Devices
    • 1 Edición
    • Joseph Zyss
    • Inglés
    This volume brings together contributions from world renowned researchers on molecular nonlinear optics. It takes as its impetus work done over the last five years in which newly developed optoelectronic devices havedeepened our understanding of the fundamental physics and chemistry underlying these materials. Organic materials involving thin films, polymers, and resulting devices will be emphasized.

  • The Quantum Vacuum

    An Introduction to Quantum Electrodynamics
    • 1 Edición
    • Peter W. Milonni
    • Inglés
    In modern physics, the classical vacuum of tranquil nothingness has been replaced by a quantum vacuum with fluctuations of measurable consequence. In The Quantum Vacuum, Peter Milonni describes the concept of the vacuum in quantum physics with an emphasis on quantum electrodynamics. He elucidates in depth and detail the role of the vacuum electromagnetic field in spontaneous emission, the Lamb shift, van der Waals, and Casimir forces, and a variety of other phenomena, some of which are of technological as well as purely scientific importance.This informative text also provides an introduction based on fundamental vacuum processes to the ideas of relativistic quantum electrodynamics and quantum field theory, including renormalization and Feynman diagrams. Experimental as well as theoreticalaspects of the quantum vacuum are described, and in most cases details of mathematical derivations are included. Chapter 1 of The Quantum Vacuum - published in advance in The American Journal of Physics (1991)-was later selected by readers as one of the Most Memorable papers ever published in the 60-year history of the journal. This chapter provides anexcellent beginning of the book, introducing a wealth of information of historical interest, the results of which are carefully woven into subsequent chapters to form a coherent whole.

  • Advances in Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 31
    • Inglés

  • Lasers and Optical Fibers in Medicine

    • 1 Edición
    • Abraham Katzir
    • Inglés
    The increasing use of fiber optics in the field of medicine has created a need for an interdisciplinary perspective of the technology and methods for physicians as well as engineers and biophysicists. This book presents a comprehensive examination of lasers and optical fibers in an hierarchical, three-tier system. Each chapter is divided into three basic sections: the Fundamentals section provides an overview of basic concepts and background; the Principles section offers an in-depth engineering approach; and the Advances section features specific information on systems and biophysical parameters. All those interested in the fields of lasers and fiber optics will find this book fascinating and instructive reading.

  • Quantum Control and Measurement

    • 1 Edición
    • H. Ezawa + 1 más
    • Inglés
    This book presents the latest results in the most fundamental field of quantum state preparation and control. At this unique conference researchers, both from the academic and industrial world, presented their work. A variety of crucial experiments under controlled, novel conditions, and theoretical checks from novel points of view are reported. Highlighted are new schemes for quantum interference, single particle behaviour, gravitational waves, electron holography and semiconductor microlasers. Containing all the recent results available in the field, this volume points the direction for further experimental and theoretical work in the foundations of physics.

  • Progress in Optics

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 31
    • Inglés
    A collection of comprehensive reviews in the field of optics. The first article presents a review of recent investifations concerning multiphoton ionization of atoms in intense radiation fields and includes discussions on above threshold ionization, generation of higher-order harmonics of an intense field interacting with a gaseous medium and the role of chaotic dynamics in the interaction of atoms with monochromatic radiation. A tutorial section on chaotic behaviour is also included. The second article presents a review of modern developments regarding properties of light diffracted by gratings. Both a phemonenological treatment and a macroscopic analysis are presented. The following article reviews developments relating to optical amplifiers, especially those which use semiconductors and optical fibres. The article covers the operating principles, fabrication and performance characteristics. The next article reviews recent research on a promising new class of neural networks, the so-called adaptive multilayer optical networks. Although still in the early states of developments, these devices offer the possibility of implementing optical interconnections in three dimensions and they can be functionally equivalent to several thousand chips. The fifth article deals with idealized but rather useful models of some atomic systems, namely two-level and four-level atoms. The analogy between a quantum two-level atom and a classical model consisting of two coupled optical modes is discussed. Extension of these considerations to optical band structure and to four-level systems is also treated. The concluding article deals thoroughly with free electron lasers in a physical way, while minimum attention is paid to organic generalities and mathematical rigour.

  • High T<INF>c</INF> Superconductors

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 38
    • J. Dumas + 4 más
    • Inglés
    A wide range of progress in materials development [single crystals, ceramics, thin films, wire and tapes] is reported in the 169 papers in this volume. The main focus of the papers is in attaining a better understanding of the relationship between microstructure and electrical properties. Invited papers cover topics such as the effects of substitution and doping; multilayers; nanostructure characterisation; electric field effects in High Tc Superconductors [HTS]; surface stability; critical currents; flux pinning and magnetooptic imaging of flux patterns; effects of irradiation induced defects; properties and preparation of materials; microwave properties and electronic devices. A clearly broadened basis for understanding processes and mechanisms in [HTS] is portrayed. Appreciable progress has been achieved in the reproducible manufacturing of high quality materials supported by very efficient methods in microstructural analysis. This essential improvement is reflected in the increased number of practical devices encouraging the use of HTS in applications for electronics and power engineering, all of which are reviewed in depth in this work.

  • Synthetic Materials for Non-Linear Optics and Electronics

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 35
    • C. Taliani + 2 más
    • Inglés
    Recent progress in organic and LED structures, in photorefractive response in molecular ferromagnetism, as well as the ultrafast and large non-linear optical response in conjugated systems are attracting great interest from the scientific community. The discovery of fullerenes has added further impetus to this field. Two areas bear particular promise for the development of a new electronics based on SEM materials: the integration of organic materials into the planar silicon technology such as, for instance, the advances in "all organic" field-effect transistors (FET) and the new organic light emitting diodes (LED); and secondly the appearance of a totally new electronics in which photons, rather than electrons, carry the information and SEM materials act as switching devices. Both aspects and more are covered in this volume. The quality of the 52 contributions attests to the fact that this subject area has progressed from the level of a scientific curiosity to a mature field of materials science introducing important technological perspectives for electronic applications.

  • Laser Manipulation of Atoms and Ions

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 118
    • Ennio Arimondo + 2 más
    • Inglés
    The recent fascinating progress on laser cooling is the result of the close connection between theoretical work and the rapid technological advances in laser sources, particularly in the field of powerful semiconductor and solid-state lasers operating over a wide range of optical and near-infrared frequencies. The very close international and personal collaboration amongst the researchers resulting in a direct link between experimental data and theoretical calculations which characterize work in this field, have been important factors in the rapid comprehension of the subtle and beautiful phenomena involved in laser manipulation.This Enrico Fermi school is the first formal school fully devoted to this topic. The theoretical part of the book includes contributions on the framework for the study of the photon momentum exchanges in the absence of relaxation, recent mechanisms of laser cooling, an analysis of the cooling forces, analysis of atomic and molecular beams, cooling through coherent population trapping and the relation between laser cooling and quantum nondemolition measurements. The experimental section deals with topics such as, an analysis of atomic and molecular beams, methods and applications of laser cooling, advances in laser cooling and the new exciting field of atomic interferometry.All students and researchers working in this field will welcome this excellent review of research and progress in laser cooling, so strongly linked to the fundamental understanding of physics.

  • Scanning Tunneling Microscopy

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 27
    • Inglés
    Scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and its extensions have become revolutionary tools in the fields of physics, materials science, chemistry, and biology. These new microscopies have evolved from their beginnings asresearch aids to their current use as commercial tools in the laboratory and on the factory floor. New wonders continue to unfold as STM delivers atomic scale imaging and electrical characterization of the newly emerging nanometer world. This volume in the METHODS OF EXPERIMENTAL PHYSICS Series describes the basics of scanning tunneling microscopy, provides a fundamental theoretical understanding of the technique and a thorough description of the instrumentation, and examines numerous examples and applications. Written by the pioneers of the field, this volume is an essential handbook for researchers and users of STM, as well as a valuable resource for libraries.

  • Crystal-Quasicrystal Transitions

    • 1 Edición
    • M.J. Yacamán + 1 más
    • Inglés
    The discovery of five-fold diffraction symmetry by D. Schechtman in 1985 shocked crystallography to its roots. Incommensurable modulation of a crystal changes former identical unit cells into different ones. This radical revolution has given rise to the study of an entirely new class of matter, the quasicrystalline materials. The study of these quasi-periodic crystals brings a unique elucidation of the fundaments of crystallography and the relationship between lattice structure and macroscopic properties.This book covers the transitions between the crystalline and the quasicrystalline state. A thorough understanding of the transition from quasiperiodic to periodic lattices is essential in order to investigate the uniqueness of quasicrystals.In this well-written volume, an overview is given of the most important problems in quasicrystallography today. Leading experts provide insight into recent experimental advances achieved by studying the phase transitions between crystalline and quasicrystalline states. In the theoretical chapters one is introduced to the depth of insight into the nature of crystallography which has arisen through a rigorous understanding of the quasicrystal structure.This book is an essential source of reference for crystallographers, crystal growers and solid state physicists working in the field.

  • Chemistry for Electronic Materials

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 33
    • K.F. Jensen + 3 más
    • Inglés
    The chemical aspects of materials processing used for electronic applications, e.g. Si, III-V compounds, superconductors, metallization materials, are covered in this volume. Significant recent advances have occurred in the development of new volatile precursors for the fabrication of III-V semiconductor and metal [Cu, W] films by OMCVD. Some fundamentally new and wide-ranging applications have been introduced in recent times. Experimental and modeling studies regarding deposition kinetics, operating conditions and transport as well as properties of films produced by PVD, CVD and PECVD are discussed. The thirty papers in this volume report on many other significant topics also. Research workers involved in these aspects of materials technology may find here some new perspectives with which to augment their projects.

  • Advances in Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 30
    • Inglés

  • Vacuum Structure and QCD Sum Rules

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 10
    • M.A. Shifman
    • Inglés
    The method of the QCD sum rules was and still is one of the most productive tools in a wide range of problems associated with the hadronic phenomenology. Many heuristic ideas, computational devices, specific formulae which are useful to theorists working not only in hadronic physics, have been accumulated in this method. Some of the results and approaches which have originally been developed in connection with the QCD sum rules can be and are successfully applied in related fields, such as supersymmetric gauge theories, nontraditional schemes of quarks and leptons etc. The amount of literature on these and other more basic problems in hadronic physics has grown enormously in recent years. This volume presents a collection of papers which provide an overview of all basic elements of the sum rule approach and priority has been given to those works which seemed most useful from a pedagogical point of view.

  • Solid State Physics

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 46
    • Inglés

  • Metrology at the Frontiers of Physics and Technology

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 110
    • L. Crovini + 1 más
    • Inglés
    The spectroscopy of trapped ions or laser-cooled atoms offers the prospect of visible frequency standards to match or even exceed the accuracy of the caesium standard. The development of satellite methods for time comparisons has improved by more than an order of magnitude the accuracy with which national laboratories can routinely compare their clocks. Mechanical metrology has not been left behind. Driven by the need to improve manufacturing technology, major advances have taken place in computer control machining and mechanical measuring systems. These, and many other fascinating developments in the field of metrology are presented in this book.

  • Two-Dimensional Crystals

    • 1 Edición
    • A. G. Naumovets
    • A. G. Lyuksyutov + 1 más
    • Inglés
    This is a self-contained, tutorial introduction to two-dimensional crystal science and technology. Including concise descriptions of experimental methods and results from fundamental theoretical concepts, this book covers a broad range of two-dimensional structures--from overlayers to freestanding films. All those with an active interest in surface science and statistical physics will find this book to be an essential reference work.

  • Wear Particles: From the Cradle to the Grave

    • 1 Edición
    • D. Dowson + 4 más
    • Inglés
    The Leeds-Lyon symposia have well established themselves in the tribological calendar. Industrial progress requires a better understanding of interfacial phenomena than now exists and it is exciting to see that the topics addressed in these proceedings volumes are at the forefront of progress in tribological research. These proceedings contain 61 papers written by authors from all over the world, covering the entire spectrum of wear particles. Of particular interest is the detailed consideration of a wide range of particle formations and detachments, as well as a close look at the physics and chemistry of the wear of mechanisms, together with other in-depth state-of-the-art analytical contributions.

  • Progress in Optics

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 30
    • Inglés
    Confirming the fact that optics continues to be a highly active field of research where many interesting developments are currently taking place, the latest volume in this renowned series presents five review articles by well-known experts, on topics of current interest in optics. The first article concerns quantum fluctuations, a phenomenon encountered directly or indirectly in all optical measurements. Such fluctuations set limits to attainable accuracy with which measurements can be made. In recent years theoretical as well as experimental research has demonstrated that limitations arising from quantum fluctuations can sometimes be circumvented to some extent. These developments are of importance from the standpoint of basic physics as well as in connection with technological applications, such as noise reduction in communication systems. The second article deals with correlation holographic interferometry and speckle photography, paying special attention to the effects of random variation of surface microstructure on the contrast of interference fringes. The article which follows covers an important subject in the broad area of wave propagation in random media, namely wave localization. This phenomenon is a subtle manifestation of interference of multiply scattered waves and provides information about important properties of disordered systems. The article considers mainly localization in one-dimensional systems, which elucidate some of the underlying physics. The fourth article discusses an important nonlinear phenomenon, namely soliton propagation in fibres. Solitons are pulses which can propagate over long distances without change in shape. Because of their considerable stability, they are of particular interest for communication systems. The concluding article presents the theory and describes experiments on elementary quantum systems in the context of cavity quantum optics. Such experiments are providing deeper understanding of the interaction of light with matter and give new insights into the foundations of quantum mechanics.

  • High Energy and High Dose Ion Implantation

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 23
    • S.U. Campisano + 3 más
    • Inglés
    Ion beam processing is a means of producing both novel materials and structures. The contributions in this volume strongly focus on this aspect and include many papers reporting on the modification of the electrical and structural properties of the target materials, both metals and semiconductors, as well as the synthesis of buried and surface compound layers. Many examples on the applications of high energy and high dose ion implantation are also given. All of the papers from Symposia C and D are presented in this single volume because the interests of many of the participants span both topics. Additionally many of the materials science aspects, including experimental methods, equipment and processing problems, diagnostic and analytical techniques are common to both symposia.

  • Angle-Resolved Photoemission

    Theory and Current Applications
    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 74
    • S.D. Kevan
    • Inglés
    Angle-resolved photoemission has become an indispensable tool for solid state and surface physicists and chemists. This book covers the underlying phenomenology of the technique, reviews its application to existing problems, and discusses future applications. The book is particularly timely given the significant improvements in experimental and theoretical methodology which have recently been or soon will be attained, namely, ultrahigh resolution studies using improved sources of synchrotron radiation, quasiparticle interpretation of measured dispersion relations and spectra, in situ growth of novel materials, etc. The technique has been applied predominantly to understand materials for which the one-electron paradigm is a reasonable approximation. Most chapters discuss this type of experiment: 2D and 3D states in metals and semiconductors, extrinsic states induced by adsorption, etc. Applications of the technique to materials where electron correlation plays a comparable role to that of solid state hybridization, ferro- and antiferromagnets, high Tc superconductors, etc. are rapidly growing in popularity. These areas are also discussed and a foundation is laid for further experiments in this direction.Almost all chapters contain comprehensive bibliographies and compendia of systems studied. The book has an extensive index which cross references applications and systems studied.

  • SiC, Natural and Synthetic Diamond and Related Materials

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 20
    • A.A. Gippius + 2 más
    • Inglés
    This volume addresses the burgeoning field of wide band gap materials. The 64 contributed and invited papers will do much to stimulate the well-justified ongoing work, both theoretical and experimental, in this area. The high standard of the papers attests to the significant progress that has been made in this field, as well as reporting on the challenging problems that still remain to be solved.

  • Nanostructured Systems

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 35
    • Inglés
    This is the first available volume to consolidate prominent topics in the emerging field of nanostructured systems. Recent technological advancements have led to a new era of nanostructure physics, allowing for the fabrication of nanostructures whose behavior is dominated by quantum interference effects. This new capability has enthused the experimentalist and theorist alike. Innumerable possibilities have now opened up for physical exploration and device technology on the nanoscale. This book, with contributions from five pioneering researchers, will allow the expert and novice alike to explore a fascinating new field.

  • Nuclear Methods in Semiconductor Physics

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 25
    • G. Langouche + 2 más
    • Inglés
    The two areas of experimental research explored in this volume are: the Hyperfine Interaction Methods, focusing on the microscopic configuration surrounding radioactive probe atoms in semiconductors, and Ion Beam Techniques using scattering, energy loss and channeling properties of highly energetic ions penetrating in semiconductors. A large area of interesting local defect studies is discussed. Less commonly used methods in the semiconductor field, such as nuclear magnetic resonance, electron nuclear double resonance, muon spin resonance and positron annihilation, are also reviewed. The broad scope of the contributions clearly demonstrates the growing interest in the use of sometimes fairly unconventional nuclear methods in the field of semiconductor physics.

  • Theory of Physical and Technical Measurement

    • 1 Edición
    • J. Piotrowski
    • Inglés
    A complete theory of measurement from the principles of establishing the reality images to measurement procedures is presented in this book. A precise mathematical model of errors is presented with the use of various applications to interpret measurement results. Axioms are formulated which provide a deduction theory of measurement. The variety of problems addressed by modern science results in a diversity of models of physical and metrological phenomena, and leads to the view that there is not now, and may never be, a uniform theory of measurement. There is a need, however, to establish a foundation common to all measurements and studies, and this is the author's main aim allied to attempts to create a universal theory of measurement. The purpose of measurement is discussed. Many practical examples illustrating the methodology of modelling, calibration and the analysis of the results of measurement are reviewed. The book is designed for physicists, analytical and physical chemists and engineers involved with the work of metrology. A knowledge of physics, probability and statistics and the principles of metrology is a prerequisite for understanding this work.

  • Laser Surface Processing and Characterization

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 24
    • I.W. Boyd
    • Inglés
    The contributions in this volume reflect not only the growing understanding of the underlying mechanisms controlling the various reactions in laser surface processing, but also the potential of several developing applications of direct processing. The most notable trend in the field currently is the technique of laser ablation, which is reported in almost a quarter of the papers in this volume. Whilst by no means a new phenomenon, attention has until recent years remained in the area of lithography and UV-sensitive materials. The growth in interest lies in the use of the technique to grow multi-component thin films and multi-layers. A number of papers on the topic of process diagnostics and in-situ measurements are also included. The theme of these annual meetings is centred around the physical and chemical modification of thin films and surfaces induced by the action of photon, ion, neutral, or electron beams in a variety of environments. Consequently these proceedings provide a comprehensive and unified presentation of the latest developments in this field.

  • Advances in Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 29
    • Inglés

  • Progress in Low Temperature Physics

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 13
    • Inglés
    Since 1955 Progress in Low Temperature Physics has continued to monitor scientific achievements in the realm of low-temperature physics. Obtaining low temperatures used to be an aim in itself in the past, whereas nowadays achieving millikelvin temperatures is a routine experimental procedure. However, the properties of materials at these low temperatures contine to produce fascinating physics: the liquid, solid and superfluid, phases of the quantum fluids 3He and 4He as well as 'new' materials such as high-temperature superconductors and tiny quantum devices display their macroscopic quantum behavior only at the lowest temperatures.Volume XIII of this series continues the tradition of collecting fundamental studies of macroscopic quantum phenomena. In this volume, properties of new systems such as small circuits at low temperatures and high-Tc superconductors are studied. But the systems that are formed by 3He and 4He and their mixtures at low temperatures continue to dazzle and amaze with their ever more intricate properties studied with increasing accuracy. This volume provides the reader with an archival overview of the magic world of low temperatures as perceived by todays most sensitive probes.

  • Topics in Soliton Theory

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 167
    • R.W. Carroll
    • Inglés
    When soliton theory, based on water waves, plasmas, fiber optics etc., was developing in the 1960-1970 era it seemed that perhaps KdV (and a few other equations) were really rather special in the set of all interesting partial differential equations. As it turns out, although integrable systems are still special, the mathematical interaction of integrable systems theory with virtually all branches of mathematics (and with many currently developing areas of theoretical physics) illustrates the importance of this area. This book concentrates on developing the theme of the tau function. KdV and KP equations are treated extensively, with material on NLS and AKNS systems, and in following the tau function theme one is led to conformal field theory, strings, and other topics in physics. The extensive list of references contains about 1000 entries.

  • Active Control of Sound

    • 1 Edición
    • P A Nelson
    • Inglés
    Recent technological advances in the development of fast digital signal processors have made the active control of sound a practical proposition. This book brings together results from research in the two disciplinesof acoustics and signal processing and presents the fundamentals of noise control in a unified manner. Practical applications are presented wherever possible although the emphasis is on the algorithmic principles which form the foundation of practical systems. The volume is written in textbook style and aimed at both undergraduate and postgraduate students of acoustics and signal processing, professional acoustical and electrical engineers, and researchers in the field of active control.

  • Structures in Dynamics

    Finite Dimensional Deterministic Studies
    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 2
    • H.W. Broer + 3 más
    • Inglés
    The study of non-linear dynamical systems nowadays is an intricate mixture of analysis, geometry, algebra and measure theory and this book takes all aspects into account.Presenting the contents of its authors' graduate courses in non-linear dynamical systems, this volume aims at researchers who wish to be acquainted with the more theoretical and fundamental subjects in non-linear dynamics and is designed to link the popular literature with research papers and monographs.All of the subjects covered in this book are extensively dealt with and presented in a pedagogic form. These include the presentation of an environment for the route to chaos by quasi-periodicity (which is related to the Landau-Lifschitz and Ruelle-Takens scenario's concerning the onset of turbulence); the theories of 1-dimensional dynamics, singularities in planar vector fields, and quasi-periodicity in dissipative systems.

  • Progress in Optics

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 29
    • Inglés
    This volume presents five authoritative review articles on optics and related subjects. The first article deals with important components of many opto-electronic systems, namely waveguide diffraction gratings. It presents an account of the use of waveguide gratings as well as a quantitative review of the properties of optical waveguides. The second article discusses the phenomenon of enhanced backscattering, which has attracted a good deal of attention in recent years. It contains an account of research carried out mainly but not exclusively in the U.S.S.R.. The generation and propagation of ultrashort optical pulses as well as some linear and non-linear effects which arise when such pulses propagate in free space or in material media, is dealt with in the next article. It also includes accounts of the use of ultrashort pulses in the fields of optical communications and data processing. The fourth article presents a brief review of several interferometric methods for overcoming the degradation of image quality caused by atmospheric fluctuations, including the so-called speckle masking method, speckle spectroscopy methods and optical long baseline interferometry with arrays of large telescopes. The concluding article deals with non-linear optical properties of semiconductors and metal crystallites in dielectric matrices. A good understanding of these properties is required when choosing the most appropriate materials for manufacturing devices which utilize several non-linear optical effects. Such devices would be particularly useful in connection with processing and transmission of information and their performance might eventually surpass those of present-day electronics.

  • Materials for Optoelectronic Devices, OEICs and Photonics

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 19
    • H. Schlötterer + 3 más
    • Inglés
    The aim of the contributions in this volume is to give a current overview on the basic properties and applications of semiconductor and nonlinear optical materials for optoelectronics and integrated optics. They provide a cross-linkage between different materials (III-V, II-VI, Si-Ge, glasses, etc.), various sample dimensions (from bulk crystals to quantum dots), and a range of techniques for growth (LPE to MOMBE) and for processing (from surface passivation to ion beams). Major growth techniques and materials are discussed, including the sophisticated technologies required to exploit the exciting properties of low dimensional semiconductors. These proceedings will prove an invaluable guide to the current state of optoelectronic and nonlinear optical materials development, as well as indicating trends and also future markets for optoelectronic devices.

  • Analytical Techniques for the Characterization of Compound Semiconductors

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 21
    • G. Bastard + 1 más
    • Inglés
    This volume is a collection of 96 papers presented at the above Conference. The scope of the work includes optical and electrical methods as well as techniques for structural and compositional characterization. The contributed papers report on topics such as X-ray diffraction, TEM, depth profiling, photoluminescence, Raman scattering and various electrical methods. Of particular interest are combinations of different techniques providing complementary information. The compound semiconductors reviewed belong mainly to the III-V and III-VI families. The papers in this volume will provide a useful reference on the implications of new technologies in the characterization of compound semiconductors.

  • Hopping Transport in Solids

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 28
    • M. Pollak + 1 más
    • Inglés
    The hopping process, which differs substantially from conventional transport processes in crystals, is the central process in the transport phenomena discussed in this book. Throughout the book the term ``hopping'' is defined as the inelastic tunneling transfer of an electron between two localized electronic states centered at different locations. Such processes do not occur in conventional electronic transport in solids, since localized states are not compatible with the translational symmetry of crystals.The rapid growth of interest in hopping transport has followed in the footsteps of the development of physics of disordered systems during the last three decades. The intense interest in disordered solids can be attributed to the technological potential of the new noncrystalline materials, as well as to new fundamental problems discovered in solid state physics when a crystal is no longer translationally symmetric.In the last decade hopping systems such as organic polymers, biological materials, many oxide glasses, mesoscopic systems, and the new high-temperature superconducting materials in their normal state have attracted much interest. New phenomena investigated recently include interference and coherent scattering in variable range hopping conduction, mesoscopic effects, relaxation processes and thermo-electric power, and thermal conductivity caused by hopping transport. This volume presents the reader with a thorough overview of these recent developments, written by leading experts in the various fields.

  • Nonradiative Recombination in Semiconductors

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 33
    • V.N. Abakumov + 2 más
    • Inglés
    In recent years, great progress has been made in the understandingof recombination processes controlling the number of excessfree carriers in semiconductors under nonequilibrium conditions. As a result, it is now possible to give a comprehensivetheoret... description of these processes. The authors haveselected a number of experimental results which elucidate theunderlying physical problems and enable a test of theoreticalmodels.Th... following topics are dealt with: phenomenological theory ofrecombination, theoretical models of shallow and deep localizedstates, cascade model of carrier capture by impurity centers,capture restricted by diffusion, multiphonon processes, Augerprocesses, effect of electric field on capture and thermalemission of carriers.

  • Nonlinear Topics in Ocean Physics

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 109
    • A.R. Osborne
    • Inglés
    The main fields presented at this school were mesoscale and large scale flows, and nonlinear wave dynamics. The resulting proceedings present the latest developments in these fields.

  • Magnetic Thin Films, Multilayers and Superlattices

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 16
    • A. Fert + 4 más
    • Inglés
    Materials Research in thin and ultrathin magnetic structures is a multidisciplinary field which heavily relies on state-of-the-art growth, characterization and theoretical approaches to build a comprehensive physical picture on how magnetic properties depend on interfacial structural issues, interlayer coupling and transport phenomena. Often in this field, the critical properties and characterization required necessitates knowledge of structural and magnetic phenomena extending over several atomic planes. Atomic controlled growth techniques are required and atomic sensitivity is needed from magnetic and structural probes. This critical knowledge is vital for device applications, providing the basis for the synergistic interactions that are predominant in this field of research. This volume is the definitive reference source for anyone interested in the latest advances and results of current experimental research in ultrathin film magnetism.

  • Advances in Research and Applications: Semiconductor Heterostructures and Nanostructures

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 44
    • Inglés
    The explosion of the science of mesoscopic structures is having a great impact on physics and electrical engineering because of the possible applications of these structures in microelectronic and optoelectronic devices of the future. This volume of Solid State Physics consists of two comprehensive and authoritative articles that discuss most of the physical problems that have so far been identified as being of importance in semiconductor nanostructures. Much of the volume is tutorial in characture--while at the same time time presenting current and vital theoretical and experimental results and a copious reference list--so it will be essential reading to all those taking a part in the research and development of this emerging technology.

  • Quantum Semiconductor Structures

    Fundamentals and Applications
    • 1 Edición
    • Claude Weisbuch + 1 más
    • Inglés
    In its original form, this widely acclaimed primer on the fundamentals of quantized semiconductor structures was published as an introductory chapter in Raymond Dingle's edited volume (24) of Semiconductors and Semimetals. Having already been praised by reviewers for its excellent coverage, this material is now available in an updated and expanded "student edition." This work promises to become a standard reference in the field. It covers the basics of electronic states as well as the fundamentals of optical interactions and quantum transport in two-dimensional quantized systems. This revised student edition also includes entirely new sections discussing applications and one-dimensional and zero-dimensional systems.

  • Annual Reports on NMR Spectroscopy

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 23
    • Inglés
    This book is part of a series on spectroscopy, and covers NMR studiesof isolated spin-pairs in the solid state, the oxidation state dependence of transition metal shieldings, the Cinderella nuclei, nuclear spin relaxation in organic systems, solutions of macromolecules and aggregates and the NMR of coals and coal products. Related titlesare volumes 20, 21 and 22 in the series.

  • Advances in Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 28
    • Inglés

  • Advances in Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 27
    • Inglés

  • Quantum Physics, Relativity, and Complex Spacetime

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 163
    • G. Kaiser
    • Inglés
    A new synthesis of the principles of quantum mechanics and Relativity is proposed in the context of complex differential geometry. The positivity of the energy implies that wave functions and fields can be extended to complex spacetime, and it is shown that this complexification has a solid physical interpretation as an extended phase space. The extended fields can be said to be realistic wavelet transforms of the original fields. A new, algebraic theory of wavelets is developed.

  • Surface Processing and Laser Assisted Chemistry

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 18
    • E. Fogarassy + 2 más
    • Inglés
    The papers in this volume cover all aspects of laser assisted surface processing ranging from the preparation of high-Tc superconducting layer structures to industrial laser applications for device fabrication. The topics presented give recent results in organometallic chemistry and laser photochemistry, and novel surface characterization techniques. The ability to control the surface morphology by digital deposition and etching shows one of the future directions for exciting applications of laser surface processing, some of which may apply UV and VUV excitation. The understanding of elementary proceses is essential for the design of novel deposition methods, with diamond CVD being an outstanding example. The high quality of these contributions once again demonstrates that the E-MRS is an efficient forum for interaction between research workers and industry.

  • History of CERN, II

    Volume II - Building and Running the Laboratory, 1954-1965
    • 1 Edición
    • A. Hermann + 4 más
    • Inglés
    The first volume of the History of CERN (published in 1987) dealt with the launching of the European Organization for Nuclear Research covering the period 1949 to 1954. Volume II continues the history through to the mid-1960's, when it was decided to equip the laboratory with a second generation of accelerators and a new Director-General was nominated. It covers the building and the running of the laboratory during these dozen years, it studies the construction and exploitation of the 600 MeV Synchro-cyclotron and the 28 GeV Proton Synchrotron, it considers the setting up of the material and organizational infrastructure which made this possible, and it covers the reigns of four Director-Generals, Felix Bloch, Cornelis Bakker, John Adams and Victor Weisskopf.Three considerations are relevant to the treatment of the material in this volume. Firstly the political dimension, in the broad sense of the term, was no longer omnipresent as during the process of creation. Alongside it scientific and technical determinations were at work. The second consideration is that the institutional dimension was also inescapably present. Finally, there was no longer one dominant process in the organisation's life but several and it was no longer possible to tell just one story. The authors therefore decided to focus attention on various aspects of CERN's life.Part I attempts to describe the various aspects which together constitute the history of CERN and aims to offer a synchronic panorama year by year account of CERN's many activities. Part II deals primarily with technological achievements and scientific results and it includes the most technical chapters in the volume, chapters using as main sources publications in the open literature, internal reports, and minutes of specialized committees or of divisional meetings. Part III aims to define how the CERN ``system'' functioned, how this science-based organization worked, how it chose, planned and concretely realized its experimental programme on the shop-floor and how it identified the equipment it would need in the long term and organized its relations with the outside world, notably the political world. The concluding Part IV aims to bring out the specificity of CERN, to identify the ways in which it differed from other big science laboratories in the 1950's and 1960's, and to try to understand where its uniqueness and originality lay.

  • Progress in Optics

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 28
    • Inglés
    Volume XXVIII contains five review articles covering the following areas - digital holography, a field that has found useful applications in connection with data processing and data storage, for 3-d displays and in providing new types of optical components, for example, holographic gratings; - basic investigations concerned with new technologies that may lead to better optical communication systems and improved limits of measurement than are expected from the traditional interpretation of quantum-mechanical measurement theory; - a review of our current understanding of quantum coherence properties of stimulated Raman scattering; - an account of techniques developed in recent years in the field of interferometry, for improvements of high precision measurements; - the fascinating phenomenon of quantum jumps, which were introduced in the theory of atomic spectra by Niels Bohr in 1913.

  • Dissipative Structures and Weak Turbulence

    • 1 Edición
    • Inglés
    Dissipative Structure and Weak Turbulence provides an understanding of the emergence and evolution of structures in macroscopic systems. This book discusses the emergence of dissipative structures. Organized into 10 chapters, this book begins with an overview of the stability of a fluid layer with potentially unstable density stratification in the field of gravity. This text then explains the theoretical description of the dynamics of a given system at a formal level. Other chapters consider several examples of how such simplified models can be derived, complicating the picture progressively to account for other phenomena. This book discusses as well the theory and experiments on plain Rayleigh–Bénard convection by setting first the theoretical frame and deriving the analytical solution of the marginal stability problem. The final chapter deals with building a bridge between chaos as studied in weakly confined systems and more advanced turbulence in the most conventional sense. This book is a valuable resource for physicists.

  • Science, Churchill and Me

    The Autobiography of Hermann Bondi
    • 1 Edición
    • Hermann Bondi + 1 más
    • Inglés
    Recounts the experiences, appointments and achievements of this eminent scientist. Dealing systematically with Bondi's childhood in Austria, arrival in Cambridge and his important contributions to the field of mathematics before his appointment as Master of Churchill College, Cambridge, the book conveys how an initially strictly academic career led to a range of positions in the public sector finishing with a return to academia.

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