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Elsevier

Libros en Física

  • The Anatomy of Achievement Motivation

    • 1 Edición
    • Heinz Heckhausen
    • Brendan A. Maher
    • Inglés
    The Anatomy of Achievement Motivation focuses on the study of individual differences in motivations, including the determinants of specific motives and methods of assessing motive strength. The book first offers information on content analysis and evaluative dispositions, as well as the theory of thematic apperception method, experimental method, and sociocultural frames of references and their change over historical time. The manuscript then highlights the important dimensions of experience and conflict. The publication takes a look at the general structure of goals and performance and valence and motive arousal, including psychic distance and discrepancy between a present and a future state. The book then examines goal setting and level of aspiration, performance period, and the origin and development of achievement motivation. The manuscript is a dependable reference for psychologists and readers interested in the facets of achievement motivation.

  • Optics

    • 8 Edición
    • W. H. A. Fincham + 1 más
    • Inglés
    Optics: Eighth Edition covers the work necessary for the specialization in such subjects as ophthalmic optics, optical instruments and lens design. The text includes topics such as the propagation and behavior of light; reflection and refraction - their laws and how different media affect them; lenses - thick and thin, cylindrical and subcylindrical; photometry; dispersion and color; interference; and polarization. Also included are topics such as diffraction and holography; the limitation of beams in optical systems and its effects; and lens systems. The book is recommended for engineering students who are in need of an introduction to the subject and the mathematics involved in it.

  • Introduction to Hypersonic Flow

    • 1 Edición
    • G. G. Chernyi
    • Inglés
    Introduction to Hypersonic Flow has been made available to the English speaking reader because of its usefulness for those individuals desirous of obtaining an introduction to the subject. Written by an internationally acknowledged expert in the field of hypersonic flow, the book makes available heretofore unpublished Soviet work, as well as published work little known outside the Soviet Union. The author has however made every effort to include, where appropriate. Western references for the work he discusses. Starting with a general introductory chapter on hypersonic aerodynamics and aerodynamic problems, the remainder of the book concentrates on the inviscid, perfect fluid aspects of hypersonic flow, with emphasis on the fundamental concepts and rational methods of calculation. The book is directed to students of aerodynamics and gas dynamics, as well as to scientists and engineers interested in problems of hypersonic flight. The level of approach is such that it should prove particularly useful as an undergraduate and introductory graduate text.

  • Solid-Liquid Separation

    • 3 Edición
    • Ladislav Svarovsky
    • Inglés
    Solid-Liquid Separation, Third Edition reviews the equipment and principles involved in the separation of solids and liquids from a suspension. Some important aspects of solid-liquid separation such as washing, flotation, membrane separation, and magnetic separation are discussed. This book is comprised of 23 chapters and begins with an overview of solid-liquid separation processes and the principles involved, including flotation, gravity sedimentation, cake filtration, and deep bed filtration. The following chapters focus on the characterization of particles suspended in liquids; the efficiency of separation of particles from fluids; coagulation and flocculation; gravity thickening; and the operating characteristics, optimum design criteria, and applications of hydrocyclones. The reader is also introduced to various solid-liquid separation processes such as centrifugal sedimentation, screening, and filtration, along with the use of filter aids. Countercurrent washing of solids and problems associated with fine particle recycling are also considered. The final chapter is devoted to the thermodynamics of particle-fluid interaction. This monograph will be useful to chemical engineers and process engineers, particularly those in plant operation, plant design, or equipment testing and commissioning. It can also be used as a textbook for both undergraduate and postgraduate students.

  • Nuclear Physics (1929-1952)

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 9
    • R. Peierls
    • Inglés
    ``Nuclear Physics'' deals with Bohr's work on nuclear physics which began in the pre-1932 days with his thinking deeply, but inconclusively about the seeming contradictions then presented by the evidence about the nucleus. In 1936, Bohr recognised and described the insights provided by neutron scattering experiments; the excitement of this new understanding and its extension and consolidation occupied much of the subsequent years. In 1939, he was again first in understanding the essential features of the newly discovered phenomenon of fission, applying successfully the point of view of nuclear reactions which he had developed over the past three years. Later, in 1949-50, he was impressed by the success of the nuclear shell model, which on the face of it seemed hard to reconcile with the picture of the closely interacting nucleons which he had pioneered in 1936. Bohr put much effort into clarifying this paradox.

  • Particle Deposition and Aggregation

    Measurement, Modelling and Simulation
    • 1 Edición
    • M. Elimelech + 2 más
    • R. A. F. Williams
    • Inglés
    Particle Deposition and Aggregation: Measurement, Modelling and Simulation describes how particle deposition and aggregation can be measured, modeled, and simulated in a systematic manner. It brings together the necessary disciplines of colloid and surface chemistry, hydrodynamics, experimental methods, and computational methods to present a unified approach to this problem. The book is divided into four parts. Part I presents the theoretical principles governing deposition and aggregation phenomena, including a discussion of the forces that exist between particles and the hydrodynamic factors that control the movement of the particles and suspending fluid. Part II introduces methods for modeling the processes, first at a simple level (e.g. single particle-surface, single particle-single particle interactions in model flow conditions) and then describes the simulation protocols and computation tools which may be employed to describe more complex (multiple-particle interaction) systems. Part III summarizes the experimental methods of quantifying aggregating and depositing systems and concludes with a comparison of experimental results with those predicted using simple theoretical predictions. Part IV is largely based on illustrative examples to demonstrate the application of simulation and modeling methods to particle filtration, aggregation, and transport processes. This book should be useful to graduates working in process and environmental engineering research or industrial development at a postgraduate level, and to scientists who wish to extend their knowledge into more realistic process conditions in which the fluid hydrodynamics and other complicating factors must be accommodated.

  • Advances in Space Science

    Volume 1
    • 1 Edición
    • Frederick I. Ordway
    • Inglés
    Advances in Space Science, Volume 1 brings together research and developments in the astronautical sciences. This volume is composed of six chapters that also cover the field of bioastronautics, which involves the human aspects of space travel. The opening chapter deals with the orbits and interplanetary trajectories and a critical evaluation of interplanetary communications. The next chapters consider the problem of supplying power on board orbital and space vehicles, power being needed for many tasks in space, including the operation of communication systems. The remaining three chapters treat manned space cabin systems, the effects of radiation on man in space, and the nutritional aspects of space flight. This book will be of great value to space scientists, engineers, and researchers.

  • Heavy Current Electricity in the United Kingdom

    History and Development
    • 1 Edición
    • Christopher Hinton
    • Inglés
    Heavy Current Electricity in the United Kingdom: History and Development focuses on the history and development of the electricity supply industry in the United Kingdom. The laws passed by Parliament, including those governing gas or other public companies supplying light by electricity, are considered, along with the nationalization of the electric power industry. This book consists of six chapters and opens with a discussion on Michael Faraday's discovery of electromagnetic induction that paved the way for the development of electric power, along with some major engineering achievements that contributed to advances in electricity generation. The next chapter looks at some of the laws enacted in Britain to regulate the use of electricity, including the Public Health Act of 1875 and the Gas Act of 1847. The debate over the merits of direct current vs. alternating current is also examined, together with attempts to remove legislative restrictions regarding the supply of electricity; Thomas Edison's establishment of Electric Light Company in America; and the emergence of the British manufacturing industry. The final chapter is devoted to the nationalization of the British electricity industry and the role played by the Central Electricity Board. This monograph will be of interest to energy policymakers as well as those in the electricity industry.

  • Solid State Nuclear Track Detectors

    Proceedings of the 11th International Conference Bristol, 7-12 September 1981
    • 1 Edición
    • Patricia Fowler + 1 más
    • Inglés
    The track detector conference was held under the joint auspices of the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe and the University of Bristol. This proceedings volume contains over 160 papers which cover the latest developments and applications of solid state nuclear track detectors in medicine, physics, chemistry, space research, geology and other fields.

  • Physics of Polymer Surfaces and Interfaces

    • 1 Edición
    • Isaac C. Sanchez
    • Inglés
    Physics of Polymer Surfaces and Interfaces emphasizes current theoretical ideas and modern experimental tools for characterizing the physical properties of polymer surfaces and interfaces. Foremost are their important roles in polymer technologythroughthe processes of wetting, adhesion, adsorption, and through their effect on the kinetics of phase separation and mechanical mixing of molten polymers. Each of the 14 chapters in this book stands as a 'mini-review' of a specific subject. Thisup-to-date compendium of the most significant theoretical and experimental works provides a scientific understanding of the physics of polymer interfaces and surfaces and will aid scientists in planning and interpreting new results.

  • Sources of Information on Atomic Energy

    International Series of Monographs in Library and Information Science
    • 1 Edición
    • L. J. Anthony
    • G. Chandler
    • Inglés
    Sources of Information on Atomic Energy is a guide to available literature on atomic energy and to the organizations which originate atomic energy information. The book opens with a chapter that describes, in fairly simple terms, the various aspects of atomic energy and to show how they are related to each other and to other technologies. This is followed by separate chapters that describe the development, organization, and activities of the major national atomic energy projects and other national organizations concerned with atomic energy. These include United Kingdom and those Commonwealth countries which have well-developed atomic energy programs; the main sources of information in the United States; and atomic energy organization in the Soviet Union and some of the smaller countries in the Soviet Bloc. Also discussed are international atomic energy organizations and published literature of atomic energy. Although it is hoped that everyone seeking information in the nuclear energy field will find this guide useful, it has been written primarily with the needs of librarians and information officers in mind since they are often the first people to be approached when information is needed.

  • Seismology

    Annals of The International Geophysical Year, Vol. 30
    • 1 Edición
    • V. Beloussov
    • Inglés
    Annals of the International Geophysical Year, Volume 30: Seismology is an eight-chapter text that provides seismological data observed during the International Geophysical Year (IGY). The resolution to include seismology in the IGY program has considerably stimulated seismic researches and accelerated the development of nets of seismic stations in many countries. After a brief introduction to seismological stations and equipment, this book goes on dealing with the approved proposal of the U.S.S.R. to establish three seismological stations in the Arctic zone and recommended to other nations that maintain seismological stations in that zone. A chapter presents the microseismological activities observed in various regions, emphasizing their geographical differences. Other chapters present a summary of special seismic crustal studies during the IGY to examine Earth's crust and Antarctic structures. The final chapters contain data on long period waves and the Lg phase, as well as the measurements of the Earth's crust strain. This book will be of value to geophysicists and researchers in the field.

  • Physics and Astrophysics

    A Selection of Key Problems
    • 1 Edición
    • V. L. Ginzburg
    • Inglés
    Physics and Astrophysics discusses some major problems concerned with macrophysics. Such topics as the controlled thermonuclear fusion, high- temperature superconductivity, and metallic exciton liquid in semiconductors are covered. The definition and elements related to microphysics are discussed. This section focuses on mass spectrum, quarks and gluons, and the interaction of particles at high and super high energies. The book gives a brief overview of the general theory of relativity. The production and origin of gravitational waves are discussed in detail. Cosmology is the study of space and time on a large scale. This definition was made as an introduction to the chapter that focuses on the cosmological problems, quasars and galactic nuclei, and formation of galaxies. The necessity of new physics in astronomy is also considered. The text includes a section on the physics of black holes, neutrons stars, and pulsars. The book will provide useful information to physicists, cosmologists, engineers, students, and researchers in the field of physics.

  • Free Vibrations of Circular Cylindrical Shells

    • 1 Edición
    • Anthony E. Armenàkas + 2 más
    • Inglés
    Free Vibrations of Circular Cylindrical Shells deals with thin-walled structures that undergo dynamic loads application, thereby resulting in some vibrations. Part I discusses the treatment of problems associated with the propagation of plane harmonic waves in a hollow circular cylinder. In such search for solutions, the text employs the framework of the three-dimensional theory of elasticity. The text explains the use of tables of natural frequencies and graphs of representative mode shapes of harmonic elastic waves bounding in an infinitely long isotropic hollow cylinder. The tables are found to be useful as they can be used to check validity and provide estimates of the range of applicability of various shell theories. The purpose of the frequency equation and that of the numerical computations likewise are considered. The book includes a computer program written in the FORTRAN language to show how it is used in the computations, except in cases when H (the thickness of shell) and L (axial half of wavelength) result in extremely small values. Part II consists of related tables and graphs. Physicists, engineers, students, and researchers in advanced sciences will find this book of interest.

  • Wave Propagation and Group Velocity

    • 1 Edición
    • Léon Brillouin
    • H. S. W. Massey
    • Inglés
    Wave Propagation and Group Velocity contains papers on group velocity which were published during the First World War and are missing in many libraries. It introduces three different definitions of velocities: the group velocity of Lord Rayleigh, the signal velocity of Sommerfeld, and the velocity of energy transfer, which yields the rate of energy flow through a continuous wave and is strongly related to the characteristic impedance. These three velocities are identical for nonabsorbing media, but they differ considerably in an absorption band. Some examples are discussed in the last chapter dealing with guided waves, and many other cases of application of these definitions are quoted. These problems have come again into the foreground, in connection with the propagation of radio signals and radar. Reflection in the Heaviside layers requires a real knowledge of all these different definitions. Group velocity also plays a very important role in wave mechanics and corresponds to the speed of a particle. The present book should be very useful to physicists and radio engineers and should give them a good basis for new discussions and applications.

  • The Dynamics of Living Protoplasm

    • 1 Edición
    • L. V. Heilbrunn
    • Inglés
    The Dynamics of Living Protoplasm provides an overview of the state of knowledge in the colloid chemistry of protoplasm that can help to interpret and explain some of the most puzzling and intriguing problems that physiologists have had to face. The book shows that there is now definite knowledge about the protoplasmic colloid, knowledge that provides a basis for an understanding of the mechanisms underlying vital activity. This knowledge is primarily of theoretical interest, but eventually it will help to solve problems of practical importance in the fields of human physiology, pharmacology, and pathology. The book opens with an introductory chapter on the study of protoplasm. This is followed by separate chapters on protoplasmic viscosity, protoplasmic gels, electrochemistry of the cell, the surface precipitation reaction, protoplasmic clotting, and muscular contraction. Subsequent chapters deal with the excitation of nerve, conduction and transmission, cell division and its suppression, stimulation and anesthesia, the colloidal theory of stimulation and anesthesia, and cellular homeostasis.

  • Foundations of Biophysics

    • 1 Edición
    • A. L. Stanford
    • Inglés
    Foundations of Biophysics serves as an introductory textbook for physical science students to the principles and problems of the life sciences. The book offers to teach physical science students the basic vocabulary of the life sciences and the applications of physics and chemistry to a wide range of biological problems. Topics presented in the book include biological vocabulary and concepts; biological functions at the molecular level of each biological system; and commonly used tools of experimental biophysics. Students in the field of physics, chemistry, biology, and engineering will find the book a good learning material.

  • Worked Problems in Heat, Thermodynamics and Kinetic Theory for Physics Students

    The Commonwealth and International Library: Physics Division
    • 1 Edición
    • L. Pincherle
    • W. Ashhurst + 1 más
    • Inglés
    Worked Problems in Heat, Thermodynamics and Kinetic Theory for Physics Students is a complementary to textbooks in physics. This book is a collection of exercise problems that have been part of tutorial classes in heat and thermodynamics at the University of London. This collection of exercise problems, with answers that are fully worked out, deals with various topics. This book poses problems covering the definition of temperature such as calculating the assigned value of the temperature of boiling water under specific conditions. This text also gives example of problems dealing with the first law of thermodynamics and with the definition of thermal capacities. Some practical questions such as problems dealing with thermal engines are presented. This book then discusses problems using the energy equation, as well as asking the student to derive a general equation of state of a material satisfying a specific condition. This text challenges the student to use a T-S diagram to calculate the efficiency of a reversible cycle under certain conditions. Several other problems concern the Joule and Joule-Kelvin effects, low temperature physics, and heat conduction. This review material can be helpful for students of physics, thermodynamics, and related subjects. It can also be used by teachers of physics.

  • Structure of Matter

    With Contributions in Memoriam Including a Complete Bibliography of His Works
    • 1 Edición
    • C. Guy Suits
    • Inglés
    The Collected Works of Irving Langmuir: Volume 6, Structure of Matter deals with the research work of Irving Langmuir in the field of thermionics, gaseous discharge, and on the structure of atoms with emphasis on valence. Some of the paper he writes on the subject of atomic structure are: "The Structure of Atoms and the Octet Theory of Valence," "The Arrangement of Electrons in Atoms and Molecules," and "The Octet Theory of Valence and its Applications with Special Reference to Organic Nitrogen Compounds." He challenges the complexities of valence theory and atomic structure, leading to a complete change of the theoretical structure of the subject of chemistry. Langmuir also works on molecules and crystalline structures, and applies the structures of crystals to check and confirm his own theories on molecular structure. His assumption that "the force between molecules in contact can be considered as caused by a surface energy proportional to the area over which the molecules are in contact" provides a solid foundation for explaining the properties of many chemical substances. Chemists, students, academicians, scientists, and general readers interested in the lives of great men in science will find this book very informative.

  • Dealing with Data

    The Commonwealth and International Library: Physics Division
    • 1 Edición
    • Arthur J. Lyon
    • W. Ashhurst
    • Inglés
    Dealing with Data is an introductory course to problems and techniques dealing with data analysis, with emphasis on the physical and engineering sciences. The book starts with the basics of data analysis through non-statistical and non-mathematical assessments of error and uncertainty conditions. Experimental and maximum errors and the use of simple graphical methods are briefly described. Applying quick methods on data analysis such as frequency distributions, determination of standard errors, and applications of significance tests are explained. Special attention is given to the statistical quick methods where the range is preferred to traditional methods of calculation. The author notes that the quick methods have more practical applications in physics and engineering. The use of the quick methods of calculation is more precise in error estimation, confidence limits, and tests for outliers that the error is very negligible when applied to actual conditions. Dealing with errors of computation arising from rounding of values, and those arising from the use of slide rules and of the logarithm tables, is explained. The use of numerical methods (integration, differentiation, and interpolation) and graphical methods (like curve fitting) is briefly explained, with the author's emphasis on choosing the simpler methods. Sixth formers, engineering undergraduates, statisticians, and students of mathematics will find the information in this book useful.

  • Advances in Astronomy and Astrophysics

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 4
    • Zdeněk Kopal
    • Inglés
    Advances in Astronomy and Astrophysics, Volume 4 brings together numerous research works on different aspects of astronomy and astrophysics. This volume is composed of five chapters, and starts with a description of objective prism and its application in space observations. The next chapter deals with the possibilities of deriving reliable models of the figure, density distribution, and gravity field of the Moon based on data obtained through Earth-bound telescopes. These topics are followed by a discussion on the ideal partially relativistic, partially degenerate gas in an exact manner. A chapter examines first the effect of exchange of matter on the periods of close binary systems, and then briefly surveys the mechanisms of mass loss, other causes of period changes, and related evolutionary problems. The last chapter looks into the cometary origin of meteorites. This book will prove useful to astronomers and astrophysicists.

  • Excited States

    Volume 2
    • 1 Edición
    • Edward C. Lim
    • Inglés
    Excited States, Volume 2 is a collection of papers that deals with molecules in the excited states. The book describes the geometries of molecules in the excited electronic states. One paper describes the geometries of a diatomic molecule and of polyatomic molecules; it also discusses the determination of the many excited state geometries of molecules with two, three, or four atoms by techniques similar to diatomic spectroscopy. Another paper introduces an ordered theory related to excitons in pure and mixed molecular crystals. This paper also presents some experimental data such as those involving pure and neat crystals, very dilute isotopic mixed crystals, and medium dilute isotopic mixed crystals. The book also discusses the dynamics of primary photochemical processes including the classical theory of unimolecular reactions, the quantum theory of molecular reactions, and the theory of "nonchemical" radiationless processes. One paper also reviews the electron donor-acceptor complexes in their excited states. This book is suitable for nuclear physicists and researchers whose work involves molecular chemistry and solid state physics.

  • Foundations of Quantum Physics I (1926 - 1932)

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 6
    • J. Kalckar
    • Inglés

  • Electron—Molecule Interactions and Their Applications

    Volume 2
    • 1 Edición
    • L. G. Christophorou
    • Inglés
    Electron-Molecule Interactions and Their Applications, Volume 2 provides a balanced and comprehensive account of electron-molecule interactions in dilute and dense gases and liquid media. This book consists of six chapters. Chapter 1 deals with electron transfer reactions, while Chapter 2 discusses electron-molecular positive-ion recombination. The electron motion in high-pressure gases and electron-molecule interactions from single- to multiple-collision conditions is deliberated in Chapter 3. In Chapter 4, knowledge on electron-molecule interactions in gases is linked to that on similar processes in the liquid state. Selected examples on the translation of the results of basic research on electron-molecule interactions to application are reviewed in Chapter 5. The last chapter covers the electron affinity of molecules, atoms, and radicals. This volume is a good reference for students and researchers conducting work on the intricate ways electrons and molecules interact in their encounters.

  • Handbook on Synchrotron Radiation

    Vacuum Ultraviolet and Soft X-ray Processes
    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 2
    • G.V. Marr
    • Inglés
    Volume 2 of this series concentrates on the use of synchrotron radiation which covers that region of the electromagnetic spectrum which extends from about 10eV to 3keV in photon energy and is essentially the region where the radiation is strongly absorbed by atmospheric gases. It therefore has to make extensive use of a high vacuum to transport the radiation to the workstation where the presence of hard X-rays can cause extensive damage to both the optics and the targets used in the experimental rigs. The topics chosen for this volume have been limited to the disciplines of physics and chemistry.

  • Cosmic Rays

    The Commonwealth and International Library: Selected Readings in Physics
    • 1 Edición
    • A. M. Hillas
    • Robert Robinson + 2 más
    • Inglés
    Cosmic Rays is a two-part book that first elucidates the discovery, nature, and particles produced by cosmic rays. This part also looks into the primary cosmic radiation; radio waves from the galaxy; extensive air showers; origin of cosmic rays; and other cosmic radiations. Part 2 consists of reprinted papers involving cosmic rays. Papers 1 to 10 treat the nature of the radiation, arranged chronologically; in Papers 11 to 16 the scene moves away from the Earth.

  • The Pseudo-Spin Method in Magnetism and Ferroelectricity

    International Series of Monographs in Natural Philosophy
    • 1 Edición
    • Ljubisav Novaković
    • D. Ter Harr
    • Inglés
    The Pseudo-Spin Method in Magnetism and Ferroelectricity deals with the pseudo-spin method in magnetism and ferroelectricity, with emphasis on three important ordered systems: ferromagnets, antiferromagnets, and hydrogen-bonded ferroelectrics. Each system is analyzed in three important temperature regions: low temperatures, the critical region, and high temperatures. The presented mathematical method is predominantly analytical in the sense that all crucial physical quantities are expressed in terms of temperature or the reciprocal lattice vectors. Comprised of four chapters, this volume begins with an introduction to Basic concepts in lattice dynamics, touching on topics such as symmetry groups, light scattering, and the spectrum of ionic crystals. The discussion then turns to phase transitions and covers magnetism, ferroelectricity, and the Ising model with a transverse field. Magnetic elementary excitations are then considered, paying particular attention to the second quantization method; the exchange interaction; the Heisenberg ferromagnet in a boson representation; and high-temperature static susceptibility. The final chapter is devoted to the Green functions and their perturbation expansion; ferromagnetism at low temperatures; antiferromagnetism and ferroelectric modes; and high-temperature dielectric susceptibilities. This book will be of interest to physicists as well as students and researchers in physics.

  • Advances in Astronomy and Astrophysics

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 5
    • Zdeněk Kopal
    • Inglés
    Advances in Astronomy and Astrophysics, Volume 5 is a collection of papers that deals with the Zodiacal light, three dimensional periodic oscillations, the secular variation of mass, and the evolution of binary systems. Some papers discuss the periodicity of the sunspot groups, as well as compact and dispersed cosmic matter. One paper notes that the brightness of the zodiacal light continues to increase right up to the limb of the Sun, where it merges with parts of the solar corona. Another paper discusses analytically and numerically the three families of three-dimensional motions where the members of each family pass very close to one of three equilibrium points. One paper describes the loss of mass in the Sun as being (1) caused by electromagnetic or corpuscular radiation that occurs at a slow rate, or (2) by an explosion of a nova or supernova. One paper examines the periodicity of solar activities, the physical conditions of sunspots, chromospheric flares, prominence, and magnetic fields. The paper notes that different periodicity laws govern the formation frequency and importance of spot groups. The behavior of spot groups also depends on the periodicity process of solar activity. The collection can prove valuable for astro-physicists, astronomers, geochemists, and mathematicians whose works involve cosmology and astronomy.

  • Instrumentation in Nuclear Medicine

    • 1 Edición
    • Gerald J. Hine
    • Inglés
    Instrumentation in Nuclear Medicine discusses both the fundamentals and the developments of important instruments used in nuclear medicine. Both theoretical and experimental aspects of the field are presented together, with specific information on its applications. The book is divided into four parts. Part I deals with the fundamental concepts such as radioisotopes and labeled compounds; the establishment and maintenance of a radioisotope laboratory; and basic considerations in nuclear instrumentation. Part II covers topics such as Geiger-Muller and proportional counters, semiconductor detectors, and other systems for data accumulation and presentation. Part III concerns itself with measurements of biological samples, preparation of samples for liquid scintillation counting and involved equipment, and radiochromatographic counting techniques. Part IV tackles radioisotope measurements in vivo such as thyroid radioiodine uptake measurements, single and multiple detector systems for whole-body counting, and large organic scintillation detectors. The text is recommended for medical technologists and radiologists who would like to know more about the fundamentals, applications, and advances in the instrumentation involved in nuclear medicine.

  • Pleuropneumonia-Like Organisms (PPLO): Mycoplasmataceae

    • 1 Edición
    • E. Klieneberger-Nobel
    • Inglés
    Pleuropneumonia-like Organisms (PPLO) Mycoplasmataceae provides information on the characteristics, nature, and reactions of pleuropneumonia-like organisms (PPLO) or mycoplasmataceae. The book first offers information on bovine pleuropneumonia and agalactia of sheep and goats and the discovery of their etiological agents and discovery of organisms closely related to the organisms of pleuropneumonia bovis and agalactia of the mentioned animals. Topics include misinterpretations of disease conditions due to PPLO in experimental animals, contagious pleuropneumonia bovis, and organisms from dogs with distemper. The text then takes a look at the morphology, isolation, and growth characteristics of PPLO, as well as organisms from rats, mice, dogs, cattle, and humans and subculturing and maintenance of PPLO. The publication examines chicken coccobacilliform bodies and PPLO and similarities and differences between PPLO and L-forms of bacteria. The manuscript is a dependable source of information for readers interested in pleuropneumonia-like organisms.

  • Static Electromagnetic Frequency Changers

    International Series of Monographs on Electronics and Instrumentation
    • 1 Edición
    • L. L. Rozhanskii
    • D. C. Macdonald
    • Inglés
    Static Electromagnetic Frequency Changers is about the theory, design, construction, and applications of static electromagnetic frequency changers, devices that used for multiplication or division of alternating current frequency. It is originally published in the Russian language. This book is organized into five chapters. The first three chapters introduce the readers to the principles of operation, the construction, and the potential applications of static electromagnetic frequency changers and to the principles of their design. The two concluding chapters use some hitherto unpublished work of the author and provide examples of the design of frequency doublers and triplers. This book will be of interest to engineers and scientific workers, engaged in the field of automatic control electrical machines and in other fields of technology connected with the use of alternating current above normal supply frequencies.

  • Directional Solidification of Steel Castings

    • 1 Edición
    • R. Wlodawer
    • Inglés
    Directional Solidification of Steel Castings summarizes the results of a large number of investigations, mostly scientific in character, on the directional solidification of steel castings. The influence of design on the technical possibilities of producing casting in the foundry is examined. Diagrams, simple basic rules, and formulae are provided, along with many practical examples. This book is comprised of 16 chapters and begins with an introduction to the technical and psychological aspects of steel casting before turning to a discussion of the influence of shape and dimensions on the time it takes for castings to solidify. The thermal gradient, feeder heads, and cavities in steel castings are then considered. In particular, the effect of the thermal gradient on solidification and feeding range are examined. Methods for increasing the thermal gradient in the casting are described, including the use of mold heating pads, breaker cores or Washburn cores; external cooling (iron chills); cooling fins; internal chills; and exothermic pads. Cavities in steel castings which are commonly mistaken for true shrinkage cavities are also analyzed. This monograph is particularly suitable for foundry managers, foremen, technicians, casting designers, and students.

  • Focusing of Charged Particles

    • 1 Edición
    • Albert Septier
    • Inglés
    Focusing of Charged Particles, Volume I deals with the various aspects of problems in corpuscular optics such as the need for new focusing principles to guide the beams of fast particles over long distances and to increase the internal efficiency of particle accelerators. This volume is comprised of articles from specialists who attempt to find solutions to various problems in geometrical corpuscular optics. The topics discussed in the book include the general properties of potentials, fields and trajectories, the methods for resolving Laplace's and Poisson's equations and computing trajectories with or without space charge, and a description of the methods used for the measurement of magnetic fields. The optics of straight axis systems for producing and focusing low-intensity beams: high-brightness electron guns, electrostatic and magnetic electron lenses, and strong focusing lenses for high-energy beams are covered as well. The text ends with the elucidation of the problem of the production of electron microprobes. Physicists, students, researchers, and engineers working with charged particles will find the book invaluable.

  • Applications of Mössbauer Spectroscopy

    • 1 Edición
    • Richard L. Cohen
    • Inglés
    Applications of Mössbauer Spectroscopy, Volume II is a collection of essays that discusses the range of problems being studied using the Mössbauer spectroscopy investigatory technique. The book presents the role of this technique in oxygen transport and storage material. It demonstrates the use of Mössbauer spectroscopy in the analysis of phases and states in metallic system. The text also describes the experimental studies of superparamagnetic relaxation. It discusses the magnetic fluctuations in diamagnetically substituted iron oxides and the magnetic field dependence of Mössbauer spectra of small particles. The section that follows describes the hyperfine field of surface atoms. The book will provide valuable insights for scientists, chemists, students, and researchers in the field of metallurgy.

  • Excited States

    Volume 4
    • 1 Edición
    • Edward C. Lim
    • Inglés
    Excited States, Volume 4 is a collection of papers that deals with the excited states of molecular activity. One paper investigates the resonance Raman spectroscopy as the key to vibrational-electron... coupling. This paper reviews the basic theory of Raman scattering; it also explains the derivation of the Raman spectra, excitation profiles, and depolarization ratios for simple resonance systems. Another paper reviews the magnetic properties of triplet states, including the zero-field resonance techniques, the high-field experiments, and the spin Hamiltonian. This paper focuses on the magnetic properties of triplet states through magnetic resonance experiments applied in the presence or absence of such fields. Another paper analyzes the effects of a magnetic field on molecular luminescence. This paper also describes the investigations made to the quenching of molecular luminescence in the presence of a magnetic field from molecules such as glyoxal, as well as some applications of magnetic quenching. One paper reviews the time-dependent behavior of excited molecules. This paper explains the essential features of "intermediate" cases encountered in the photo-physical time-dependent studies of excitable molecules by comparing theoretical aspects and experimental data. Nuclear scientists, physicists, and researchers whose works involve molecular chemistry and solid state physics will find this collection valuable.

  • Giant Molecular Clouds in the Galaxy

    Third Gregynog Astrophysics Workshop
    • 1 Edición
    • P. M. Solomon + 1 más
    • Inglés
    Giant Molecular Clouds in the Galaxy: Third Gregynog Astrophysics Workshop covers the proceedings of the 1977 Third Gregynog Astrophysics Workshop on Giant Molecular Clouds (GMC), held at the University of Wales. This book is organized into 11 parts encompassing 33 chapters. After a brief introduction to the significant features of GMC, this book goes on examining radio, millimeter, and galactic center observations of GMC, along with their infrared properties and kinematics. Other parts deal with the water sources in GMC; time variation in interstellar water masers; and the relation of HII regions to molecular clouds. The remaining parts discuss the evolution of interstellar molecular clouds and the role of magnetic fields in the collapse of protostellar gas clouds. These parts also cover the chemistry of interstellar molecules containing nitrogen and the search for other planetary systems. This book will prove useful to cloud scientists, physicists, astronomers, and researchers.

  • Electrical Phenomena in the Heart

    • 1 Edición
    • Walmor C. De Mello
    • Inglés
    Electrical Phenomena in the Heart is a collection of articles that deals with cell physiology and biophysics as applicable to the heart. The book discusses the ultrastructure of heart cells, molecular arrangement of heart cell membranes, and the mechanism involved in sealing and excitation-contracti... coupling. The selection describes electrophysiological studies made of embryonic heart cells to understand electrical activity, automaticity, enzyme activities, and the development of intracellular tubular systems. The text also discusses the mechanism of excitation spread between active and inactive cells. The book analyzes the structure of biological membranes and the effect of proteins on membrane potential and on the excitability process. One paper reviews the excitation process of heart cells that includes the use of a voltage clamp in cardiac preparations, as well as the role of the pacemaker. One paper examines the repolarization process involved in cardiac muscle involving the ionic composition and the kinetic properties of membrane currents, as well as the action of some drugs. The book also describes the healing process in cardiac and other muscle fibers when the heart muscle is injured. The text explains that damage to other cardiac muscle can result because of a sealing process that occurs at or near the injured site. The book also explains the model for controlling sarcoplasmic calcium concentration on a single sarcomere level in a mammalian heart. The text can prove significant to students learning heart physiology and biophysics, heart surgeons, and bio-physiologists involved in cellular research.

  • Structure and Properties of Inorganic Solids

    International Series of Monographs in Solid State Physics
    • 1 Edición
    • Francis S. Galasso
    • Balak Das Kurmi + 1 más
    • Inglés
    Structure and Properties of Inorganic Solids, Volume 7 is a reference book that describes the structure of metals, intermetallics, halides, hydrides, carbides, borides, and other inorganic phases as well as some of their properties. Among the inorganic solids discussed are CsCl, NaCl, ZnS, NiAs, perovskite, spinel, corundum, beta tungsten, and graphite. This volume is comprised of 12 chapters and opens with an overview of crystallography and material properties, followed by a discussion on the structural relationships of elemental solids. The reader is then introduced to the ZnS, NiAs, CsCl, NaCl, graphite, perovskite, spinel, corundum, and beta tungsten type structures. The final chapter offers a brief summary of the structure of various types of inorganic compounds covered in the text. This book is written to meet the needs of teachers of advanced undergraduate and graduate courses and of researchers in the various disciplines that make up the field of materials sciences. It will also be of interest to those with diverse backgrounds such as engineering, chemistry, metallurgy, physics, ceramics, and mineralogy.

  • Case Studies in Atomic Physics

    • 1 Edición
    • E. W. McDaniel + 1 más
    • Inglés
    Case Studies in Atomic Physics III focuses on case studies on atomic and molecular physics, including atomic collisions, transport properties of electrons, ions, molecules, and photons, interaction potentials, spectroscopy, and surface phenomena. The selection first discusses detailed balancing in the time-dependent impact parameter method, as well as time-reversal in the impact parameter method and coupled state approximation. The text also examines the mechanisms of electron production in ion. Topics include measurement of doubly differential cross sections and electron spectra, direct Coulomb ionization, autoionization and Auger effect, charge transfer to continuum states, and electron promotion. The book takes a look at the production of inner-shell vacancies in heavy ion-atom collisions and hyperfine and Zeeman studies of metastable atomic states by atomic-beam magnetic-resonance. Topics include molecular orbital model, experimental considerations, and theoretical considerations and interpretation of experimental results. The manuscript also evaluates the coupled integral-equation approach to nonrelativistic three-body systems with applications to atomic problems, including kinematic theory of three-body system, reduction of the coupled equations, and application to atomic problems. The selection is a dependable reference for readers interested in atomic and molecular physics.

  • Rapport sur les Travaux Gravimetriques Antarctique

    Annals of The International Geophysical Year, Vol. 31
    • 1 Edición
    • P. Tardi
    • Inglés

  • Mechanics of Composite Materials

    A Unified Micromechanical Approach
    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 29
    • Jacob Aboudi
    • Inglés
    In the last decade the author has been engaged in developing a micromechanical composite model based on the study of interacting periodic cells. In this two-phase model, the inclusion is assumed to occupy a single cell whereas the matrix material occupies several surrounding cells. A prominent feature of the micromechanical method of cells is the transition from a medium, with a periodic microstructure to an equivalent homogeneous continuum which effectively represents the composite material. Of great importance is the significant advantage of the cells model in its capability to analyze elastic as well as nonelastic constituents (e.g. viscoelastic, elastoplastic and nonlinear elastic), thus forming a unified approach in the prediction of the overall behaviour of composite material. This book deals almost exclusively with this unified theory and its various applications.

  • Dislocation Modelling of Physical Systems

    Proceedings of the International Conference, Gainesville, Florida, USA, June 22-27, 1980
    • 1 Edición
    • M.F. Ashby + 2 más
    • Inglés
    Dislocation Modelling of Physical Systems contains the Proceedings of the International Conference held at Gainesville, Florida, USA on June 22-27, 1980. The book emphasizes the growing interest in relating dislocation theoretic concepts to engineering problems. Topic areas chosen ranged from the fundamental, such as properties of single dislocations, to the more applied, such as fracture. The papers are grouped specifically based on the main topics they discuss. These topics include fracture; point defects and dislocations; structure dependence of mechanical behavior; properties of single dislocations; plasticity and geometry of deformation; internal friction effects; and boundaries.

  • Magnetic Materials in Japan

    Research, Applications and Potential
    • 1 Edición
    • Japan Technical Information Japan Technical Information Se
    • Inglés
    Please note this is a Short Discount publication.This, the third report in Elsevier's Materials Technology in Japan series, concentrates on magnetic materials as a topic gaining worldwide attention, and each chapter looks not only at current research, but also describes the technology as it is being applied and its future potential.Magnetic–r... research is the second largest field of research in Japan after semiconductors, with the estimated number of researchers and engineers engaged in magnetics–related activities currently at 20,000. This research report serves as both a review of research undertaken and developments to date, and a forecast of where the industry is going.

  • High Frequency and Pulse Scattering

    Physical Acoustics
    • 1 Edición
    • Allan D. Pierce + 1 más
    • Inglés
    High Frequency and Pulse Scattering investigates high frequency and pulse scattering, with emphasis on the phenomenon of echoes from objects. Geometrical and catastrophe optics methods in scattering are discussed, along with the scattering of sound pulses and the ringing of target resonances. Caustics and associated diffraction catastrophes are also examined. Comprised of two chapters, this volume begins with a detailed account of geometrically based approximation methods in scattering theory, focusing on waves transmitted through fluid and elastic scatterers and glory scattering; surface ray representations of scattering by shells and other smooth objects; and caustics and associated diffraction catastrophes. The second chapter deals with the relation between sound pulses and the vibrational spectra of elastic submerged objects. The theory of the scattering of sound pulses from elastic and impenetrable objects is described, together with the theory of surface wave pulses. Target resonances and the singularity expansion method are also analyzed. This book will be of interest to physicists.

  • Applied Geophysics U.S.S.R.

    • 1 Edición
    • Nicholas Rast
    • Inglés
    Applied Geophysics, U. S. S. R. illustrates a collection of selected papers that demonstrates methods in geophysical research. The journal presents the developments, done by Russian scientists, in the field of geophysics with bias toward the application of geophysical methods to the search for oil. The compendium is divided into four parts encompassing 17 chapters. The articles are grouped into topics that discuss seismic methods, gravimetry, electrical sonde methods, and geophysical methods of logging. Certain chapters focus on simplified methods for determining the intensities of purely longitudinal waves and how the different parameters of the medium affect their frequency rate. The methods for measuring the force of gravity at sea; methods of electrical exploration in inaccessible regions of Siberia; and studies on use of radioactive logging in bore-hole investigations are covered as well. The book will be of interest to geophysicists, geologists, applied physicists, and students of physics and geology.

  • Ferroelectric Materials and Their Applications

    • 1 Edición
    • Y. Xu
    • Inglés
    This book presents the basic physical properties, structure, fabrication methods and applications of ferroelectric materials. These are widely used in various devices, such as piezoelectric/electr... transducers and actuators, pyroelectric infrared detectors, optical integrated circuits, optical data storage, display devices, etc. The ferroelectric materials described in this book include a relatively complete list of practical and promising ferroelectric single crystals, bulk ceramics and thin films. Included are perovskite-type, lithium niobate, tungsten-bronze-type... water-soluable crystals and other inorganic materials, as well as organic ferroelectrics (polymers, liquid crystals, and composites). Basic concepts, principles and methods for the physical property characteristics of ferroelectric materials are introduced in the first two chapters for those readers new to the subject of ferroelectricity. Not only professional researchers and engineers but also students and other readers who have limited physical knowledge and an interest in ferroelectrics, will welcome this book.

  • Calculations in Fundamental Physics

    Mechanics and Heat
    • 1 Edición
    • T. Heddle
    • N. Hiller
    • Inglés
    Calculations in Fundamental Physics, Volume I: Mechanics and Heat focuses on the mechanisms of heat. The manuscript first discusses motion, including parabolic, angular, and rectilinear motions, relative velocity, acceleration of gravity, and non-uniform acceleration. The book then discusses combinations of forces, such as polygons and resolution, friction, center of gravity, shearing force, and bending moment. The text looks at force and acceleration, energy and power, and machines. Considerations include momentum, horizontal or vertical motion, work and energy, pulley systems, gears and chains, and rotation and power. Elasticity, expansion and temperature, and static fluids are also discussed. The manuscript examines ideal gases, quantity of heat, centripetal acceleration, and rotary inertia. Topics include change of density, constant temperature, specific and latent heat, and gravitation and circular orbits. The text also explains simple harmonic motion, transfer of heat, molecular theory of gases and vapors, thermodynamics, and fluid flow. The book is a valuable source of information for readers interested in the mechanisms of heat.

  • Collected Papers of L.D. Landau

    • 1 Edición
    • D. Ter Haar
    • Inglés
    Collected Papers of L. D. Landau brings together the collected papers of L. D. Landau in the field of physics. The discussion is divided into the following sections: low-temperature physics (including superconductivity); solid-state physics; plasma physics; hydrodynamics; astrophysics; nuclear physics and cosmic rays; quantum mechanics; quantum field theory; and miscellaneous works. Topics covered include the intermediate state of supraconductors; the absorption of sound in solids; the properties of metals at very low temperatures; and production of showers by heavy particles. This volume is comprised of 100 chapters and begins with Landau's paper on the theory of the spectra of diatomic molecules, followed by his studies on the damping problem in wave mechanics; quantum electrodynamics in configuration space; electron motion in crystal lattices; and the internal temperature of stars. Some of Landau's theories, such as those of stars, energy transfer on collisions, phase transitions, and specific heat anomalies are discussed. Subsequent chapters focus on the structure of the undisplaced scattering line; the transport equation in the case of Coulomb interactions; scattering of light by light; and the origin of stellar energy. This book will be a valuable resource for physicists as well as physics students and researchers.

  • Submicroscopic Structure of the Inner Ear

    • 1 Edición
    • Salvatore Iurato
    • Inglés
    Submicroscopic Structure of the Inner Ear focuses on the submicroscopic structure of the inner ear of mammals, as investigated in guinea pigs, cats, chinchillas, squirrel-monkeys, and rats. This book consists of experimental investigations, such as the efferent innervation of the organ of Corti; ototoxicity of some antibiotics; acoustic trauma; and circulation of the labyrinthine fluids. Investigations on the human labyrinth, normal and affected by Meniere's disease, are also covered. This text likewise describes the combined electron-microscopic and electrophysiological research studies that provide a basis for a correlation of the submicroscopic structure and function of the sensory cells. A review of the main light-microscopic features is included for those who are not familiar with the morphology of the inner ear. This publication is intended for students or individuals working on the morphology of the ear, but is also a good reference for anatomists, otologists, zoologists, psychologists, and neurophysiologists interested in the structure of the inner ear.

  • Nuclear Fission and Neutron-Induced Fission Cross-Sections

    A Nuclear Energy Agency Nuclear Data Committee (OECD) Series: Neutron Physics and Nuclear Data in Science and Technology
    • 1 Edición
    • G. D. James + 2 más
    • A. Michaudon + 2 más
    • Inglés
    Nuclear Fission and Neutron-Induced Fission Cross-Sections is the first volume in a series on Neutron Physics and Nuclear Data in Science and Technology. This volume serves the purpose of providing a thorough description of the many facets of neutron physics in different fields of nuclear applications. This book also attempts to bridge the communication gap between experts involved in the experimental and theoretical studies of nuclear properties and those involved in the technological applications of nuclear data. This publication will be invaluable to those interested in studying nuclear fission and neutron-induced fission cross-sections, as well as other relevant concepts.

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