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Elsevier

Libros en Ingeniería y Tecnología

  • Polymer Syntheses V1

    • 1 Edición
    • Stanley Sandler
    • Inglés
    Polymer Syntheses, Volume I presents detailed laboratory instructions for the preparation of polymers by different functional group classes. This book provides the laboratory procedures for the preparation of polymers containing phosphorus in various oxidation states. Organized into 15 chapters, this volume begins with an overview of some selected preparative methods for carrying out the major methods of polymerization in the laboratory. This text then examines the synthesis of phosphonitrilic polymers. Other chapters consider the synthesis of peroxide and hydroperoxide free radical initiators. This book discusses as well the principles involved in the preparation of emulsion polymers, which are applicable to the preparation of polymers of a wide variety of vinyl monomers and many copolymerizations. The final chapter deals with the chemistry of organometallic and organometalloid peroxides. This book is a valuable resource for chemists involved in the designing of phosphorus polymers to meet fire retardant requirements of various products.

  • Rarefied Gas Dynamics

    • 1 Edición
    • K Karamcheti
    • Inglés
    Rarefied Gas Dynamics is a collection of selected papers presented at the Eighth International Symposium on Rarefied Gas Dynamics, held at Stanford University in July 1972. The book is a record of the significant advances in the broad field of Rarefied Gas Dynamics that are considered to be of general and continuing interest. The articles in this compendium are organized under 10 main topics. The text presents research papers on the kinetic theory of gases; studies and experiments on shock structures of gases; use of kinetic theory for the solution of problems in evaporation and condensation; gas expansions and jets; and techniques and methods applied to the study of rarefied gas dynamics. The book also includes works on gas-solid interactions; descriptions of basic notions of current polyatomic gas kinetics; and observation of the gas dynamic phenomena in space. Physicists, aeronautical engineers, mechanical engineers, researchers, and students in the field of aircraft design will find this book a good source of knowledge and information.

  • Phase Diagrams 6-II

    Materials Science and Technology
    • 1 Edición
    • Allen Alper
    • Inglés
    Phase Diagrams: Materials Science and Technology, Volume II covers the use of phase diagrams in metals, refractories, ceramics, and cements. Divided into 10 chapters, this volume first describes the main features of phase diagrams representing systems in which the oxygen pressure is an important parameter, starting with binary systems and proceeding toward the more complicated ternary and quaternary systems. The subsequent chapters discuss the application of phase diagrams in several refractory systems. A chapter covers the procedures used for cement production and some of the available phase-equilibrium data and their application to specific situations. This volume also deals with the application of phase diagrams to extraction metallurgy, with an emphasis on oxide systems, as well as in ceramic and metal sintering. The concluding chapters explore the relationship of heat treatment of metals and alloys to their phase diagrams. These chapters also deal with the use of phase diagrams in several techniques of joining metals, such as fusion welding, brazing, solid-state bonding, and soldering. This volume will be useful to all scientists, engineers, and materials science students who are investigating and developing materials, as well as to the end users of the materials.

  • Non-Destructive Testing

    • 1 Edición
    • J. Boogaard + 1 más
    • Inglés
    Non-Destructive Testing (NDT) is an activity closely related to the quality and reliability of products, and to the reliable and safe operation of industrial plants. Physical measuring techniques are used to examine parts of constructional assemblies for hidden imperfections and defects. A wide choice of measuring techniques is available to meet the demand of examining a wide variety of materials such as metals, plastics, rocks, as well as different structures and sizes ranging from semiconductor chips to nuclear reactors and off-shore oil platforms.Activities in the field of NDT encompass: Fundamental research to understand and describe the way in which reactions of certain imperfections to a physical measuring technique can be optimized and used to assess type and grade of imperfection; Methods to characterize materials and materials properties; Applications in product quality control; Applications in plant inspection to ensure a reliable operation of components, avoiding damage to both man and environment, as well as financial losses; Personnel education and qualification schemes; The spread of NDT applications to newly industrialized countries.The two proceedings volumes contain over 400 review and specialist papers. The most recent developments in the field of NDT are presented with contributions by outstanding experts from all over the world. Papers are grouped according to technique for those dealing with fundamental research and to field of application for the more practical oriented ones. In this way each chapter provides an easy overview of related current research. Extensive keyword indexes have been included to facilitate the retrieval of information according to individual requirements.The high technical level of the papers and their up-to-date content will make them an indispensable source of information for students, researchers and professionals in the areas covered.

  • Geophysical Well Logging

    Excerpted From Methods of Experimental Physics
    • 1 Edición
    • Jay Tittman
    • Inglés
    Geophysical Well Logging is a three-chapter text that discusses the physics of well logging measurements. This book describes the techniques universally used in formation evaluation, including electrical, nuclear, and sonic techniques. Chapter 1 deals with the special features of logging measurements, tool design, and the relation between logging and coring. This chapter also examines the hostile downhole environment as basic sonde configurations and combination tools. Chapter 2 discusses elementary interpretation principles, the role of logging in formation evaluation, and the uninitiated to the motivation for the wide variety of measurements found in practice. Chapter 3 investigates the physics behind electrode and induction methods for measuring electrical resistivity, as well as the concepts of geometric factor, skin effect, focused measurements, and pseudo-geometric factor. It also considers significant topics on neutron transport and moderation and their application to neutron sonde design and logging measurements; gamma-ray transport and its application to density and photoelectric-absorp... logging; methods for the measurement of gamma-ray spectra; and scintillation and germanium spectrometers. This chapter further explores the body and borehole waves of the sonic methods; waves in porous media; conventional interval-transit-tim... techniques; and full-waveform analysis methods. Physicists, chemists, and engineers who are interested in geophysical field-measurement methods will greatly benefit from this book.

  • The Theory of Elastic Waves and Waveguides

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 22
    • J. Miklowitz
    • Inglés
    The primary objective of this book is to give the reader a basic understanding of waves and their propagation in a linear elastic continuum. The studies of elastodynamic theory and its application to fundamental value problems should prepare the reader to tackle many physical problems of general interest in engineering and geophysics, and of particular interest in mechanics and seismology.

  • Evaluation of diagnostic systems

    • 1 Edición
    • John Swets
    • Inglés
    Evaluation of Diagnostic Systems: Methods from Signal Detection Theory addresses the many issues that arise in evaluating the performance of a diagnostic system, across the wide range of settings in which such systems are used. These settings include clinical medicine, industrial quality control, environmental monitoring and investigation, machine and metals inspection, military monitoring, information retrieval, and crime investigation. The book is divided into three parts encompassing 11 chapters that emphasize the interpretation of diagnostic visual images by human observers. The first part of the book describes quantitative methods for measuring the accuracy of a system and the statistical techniques for drawing inferences from performance tests. The subsequent part covers study design and includes a detailed description of the form and conduct of an image-interpretation test. The concluding part examines the case study of a medical imaging system that serves as an example of both simple and complex applications. In this part, three mammographic modalities are used: industrial film radiography, low-dose film radiography, and xeroradiography. The case study focuses on the overall reliability of accuracy indices made by its main components, that is, the variabilities across cases, across readers, and within individual readers. The supplementary texts provide study protocols, a computer program for processing test results, and an extensive list of references that will assist the reader in applying those evaluative methods to diagnostic systems in any setting. This book is of value to scientists and engineers, as well as to applied, quantitative, or experimental psychologists who are engaged in the study of the human processes of discrimination and decision making in either perceptual or cognitive tasks.

  • Surface Physics of Materials V1

    • 1 Edición
    • J.M. Blakely
    • Inglés
    Surface Physics of Materials provides an account of the physical properties of solid surfaces. It examines the status of work on a number of aspects of solid surfaces and predicts the most profitable avenues for future research. The book contains a set of papers carefully selected to give broad coverage of the field of surface physics. The individual chapters deal with topics of current research interest and emphasize surface properties rather than the applicability of experimental techniques. The book covers different properties such as surface crystallography, electronic structure, and statistical thermodynamics of surface. It also provides a background of the importance of surfaces and interfaces in solid state devices and chemical reactions. This book caters to research workers, teachers, and graduate students in surface physics and serves as reference texts for the materials scientist specializing in other branches of the subject.

  • The Acoustic Reflex

    Basic Principles and Clinical Applications
    • 1 Edición
    • Shlomo Silman
    • Inglés
    The Acoustic Reflex discusses the acoustic reflex - its magnitude in differential diagnosis, threshold, latency, and other related topics. The book covers different topics such as the neurophysiological basis of the acoustic middle-ear reflex and its characteristics; impedance concepts relating to it; and theories of middle-ear muscle function. The text also encompasses the evaluation of the response time of acoustic-immittance instruments; the contralateral acoustic-reflex threshold and its application for prediction of hearing loss; the magnitude and growth of the acoustic; the ipsilateral acoustic reflex; and the acoustic reflex latency. The monograph is recommended for clinicians and researchers in audiology, deaf education, hearing science, neurology, otolaryngology, physiology, and psychology. The book will also serve as a reference text in a course on impedance.

  • Elasticity and Strength in Glasses

    Glass: Science and Technology
    • 1 Edición
    • D Uhlmann
    • Inglés
    Glass: Science and Technology, Volume 5: Elasticity and Strength in Glasses covers the scientific and engineering aspects of glass elasticity and strength. This volume is organized into six chapters and begins with the examination of the elastic properties of vitreous silica and silicate glasses, including those that contain moderate amounts of other network formers. The following chapters describe the fracture mechanics and inelastic deformation of oxide, metallic, and polymeric glasses. The discussion then shifts to the concept of glass strengthening approaches and some technologies of significant practical application to glasses. A chapter explores the process of thermal tempering of glass, including the physics, theories, and standards of the process. The last chapter focuses on the practical aspects of chemical strengthening and the mechanical and physical properties of the obtained glass. This book is of great benefit to glass scientists and researchers.

  • Laser Speckle and Applications in Optics

    • 1 Edición
    • M Francon
    • Inglés
    Laser Speckle and Applications in Optics focuses on developments in laser speckle techniques, with emphasis on the experimental aspect of phenomena and on applications in optics. These applications include interference with scattered light, optical processing of images, and studies of surface roughness as well as displacements and deformations of diffuse objects. This book is comprised of 10 chapters and begins by reviewing the elements of diffraction theory and the properties of speckle in the image of a diffuse object. The discussion then turns to speckle in the near field and interferometry with diffuse light, along with experiments in which interference patterns are produced from photographically superimposed laterally shifted speckle patterns. The following chapters consider optical processing of images modulated by speckle; deformations and displacements of diffuse objects; speckle applications in astronomy; and surface roughness measurements. The final chapter looks at the use of laser speckle to study transparent objects; the average shape of diffuse surfaces; the transfer functions and aberrations of optical systems; and the movement of diffuse objects. This monograph will be of value to physicists and researchers as well as those interested in lasers and optics.

  • Advances in Composite Tribology

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 8
    • K. Friedrich
    • Inglés
    Much research has been carried out and a lot of progress has been made towards the use of composite materials in a wide field of tribological applications. In recent years studies have been made to determine to what degree phenomena governing the tribological performance of composites can be generalized and to consolidate interdisciplinary information for polymer-, metal- and ceramic matrix composites.The importance of promoting better knowledge in the areas of friction, lubrication and wear, in general, is demonstrated by the contents of this volume. It covers a wide range of subjects extending from fundamental research on the tribological characteristics of various multi-phase materials up to final applications of composites in wear loaded, technical components. Besides the emphasis on composites tribology, the great practical aspect of the field in many industrial applications is also reviewed by authors who are engaged in applied research as well as those in more academic activities. The articles in this volume will facilitate both researchers and mechanical designers in their work towards a set of predictive, materials engineering-related models for a more reliable use of composites as tribo-materials.Thro... the study of, and observation of, the tribology of sensibly formulated composite systems may emerge a clear and more profound understanding of the subject of tribology. In this sense, this book offers a major and critical evaluation of the state of understanding of the principles of tribology and its ability to serve the practical and commercial needs of this technology generally, and particularly in the context of composite systems.

  • CO2 Lasers Effects and Applications

    • 1 Edición
    • W Duley
    • Inglés
    CO2 Lasers: Effects and Applications examines and summarizes the important applications of the device in different areas of study like physics, chemistry, and engineering. In some parts of the book, the reader is assumed to be knowledgeable in university level mathematics or some specialized area in physics or chemistry. The book consists of 10 chapters where the first two establish the general concepts on lasers and CO2 lasers, respectively. Chapter 3 takes the reader further and presents a comprehensive review of optical components for use such as detectors, windows, and mirrors. Because the CO2 laser is mostly used as a heat source, the theory of laser-surface heating is relevant in the discussion. This theory is presented in Chapter 4. Chapters 5 and 6 meanwhile present a summary of observations on cutting, welding, and some related topics. The following chapters discuss the different applications of CO2 lasers in different areas and processes. Some of these applications include in the generation of thermal effect, laser deposition of thin films, spectroscopy, laser photochemistry, and meteorology and communication systems. The text is a good source of reference to both students and scientists in the areas of physics, chemistry, and engineering.

  • Design Optimization

    • 1 Edición
    • John Gero
    • Inglés
    Design Optimization deals with the application of the ideas of optimization to design, taking as its central theme the notion that design can be treated as a goal-seeking, decision-making activity. Emphasis is on design optimization rather than on optimization techniques. This book consists of nine chapters, each focusing on a particular class of design optimization and demonstrating how design optimization problems are formulated and solved. The applications range from architecture and structural engineering to mechanical engineering, chemical engineering, building design and layout, and siting policy. The first five chapters are all concerned with design problems where it is convenient to express the goals in a single objective or criterion to be optimized. In particular, optimal space planning and shape optimization of structures are discussed, along with approximation concepts for optimum structural design; application of nonlinear programming to design; and generalized Steiner network problems in engineering design. The last four chapters focus on multicriteria programming; multicriteria optimization for engineering and architectural design; and a system for integrated optimal design. This monograph will be of interest to designers and others concerned with the use of optimization concepts and tools in design optimization.

  • Thermal Analysis V2

    Inorganic Materials and Physical Chemistry
    • 1 Edición
    • Robert F. Jr. Schwenker
    • Inglés
    Thermal Analysis, Volume 2: Inorganic Materials and Physical Chemistry covers the proceedings of the Second International Conference on Thermal Analysis, held in Holy Cross College, Worcester, Massachusetts on August 18-23, 1968. This symposium surveys the various methods and applications of thermal analysis, as well as the distribution of various aspects of thermal analysis in different countries. This book is organized into four sections encompassing 51 chapters, and begins with discussion on the application of differential thermal analysis to metallurgical inorganic materials and reactions for industrial process optimization. These topics are followed by a consideration of other techniques, such as X-ray methods and thermography. The Physical Chemistry part highlights the reaction kinetics and thermodynamics of various chemical reactions, including oxidation and polymerization, using thermogravimetry and calorimetry techniques. The following part focuses on mineral analysis using combined techniques of thermoanalytic-mass spectrometry and differential thermal analysis-thermogravi... The last part deals with the application of thermal analysis in applied sciences.

  • Thermophysics: Applications to Thermal Design of Spacecraft

    • 1 Edición
    • Jerry Bevans
    • Inglés
    Thermophysics: Applications to Thermal Design of Spacecraft is a collection of technical papers presented at the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics's 7th Aerospace Sciences Meeting, held on January 20-22, 1969, in New York and 4th Thermophysics Conference, held on June 16-18, 1969, in San Francisco, California. Contributors explore the applications of thermophysics to thermal design of spacecraft and tackle topics ranging from conduction and radiation to convection, phase change, and thermal design techniques. Comprised of 26 chapters, this volume begins with a discussion on experimental thermophysical properties, focusing on topics such as contact thermal resistance theory and experiment; optics and engineering in thermophysics; and crystal growth during melting and freezing and its application to phase change in thermal control. The physical parameters affecting radiation property degradation under simulated space environmental conditions are also considered. Radiative analysis is treated in the next section, with emphasis on surface effects upon radiative properties; two-component heat pipes; parametric thermal control requirements for future manned spacecraft; and thermal considerations of a landed vehicle on the surface of Mars. This book should be of interest to practitioners in astronautics and aeronautics.

  • Phase Diagrams 6-III

    Materials Science and Technology
    • 1 Edición
    • Allen Alper
    • Inglés
    Phase Diagrams: Materials Science and Technology, Volume III is an eight-chapter text that deals with the use of phase diagrams in electronic materials and glass technology. This volume first describes several crystal-growth techniques and the use of phase diagrams in crystals grown from high-temperature systems. This is followed by discussions on phase problems encountered in semiconductor studies with compound semiconductors and the use of phase diagrams in illustrating superconducting state and superconductivity property of materials. A chapter deals with the preparation of metastable phases by rapid quenching from the liquid (splat cooling) and the alloy constitution changes associated with their formation and properties, with a particular emphasis on the phase-diagram representation of metastable alloy phases. The discussion then shifts to metastable liquid immiscibility, occurrence, techniques of study, mechanisms of microphase separation, phase diagrams, and practical applications. This volume also examines the use of phase diagrams to obtain solubility data for high-temperature systems assisting in the prediction of dissolution behavior. The concluding chapters explore the relationships between phase diagrams and the structure of glass-forming oxide and phase studies of molten salts and their interactions with other salts and oxides. This book will be useful to all scientists, engineers, and materials science students who are investigating and developing materials, as well as to the end users of the materials.

  • Optimal Design with Advanced Materials

    • 1 Edición
    • P. Pedersen
    • Inglés
    Optimal design with advanced materials is becoming a very progressive and challenging domain within applied mechanics. The increasing use of advanced materials, such as anisotropic fiber composites and ceramics, is instigating new developments to be made within constitutive modelling and the computational methods of analysis, sensitivity analysis and optimization. A new dimension of optimal design is being realised by the direct tailoring and building of new materials. Research in this area is accelerating rapidly with the results already being applied to high technology industries. Two vital high technology research areas covered in this volume include homogenization and smart materials/structures... The 31 papers will prove an indispensable reference source for all those involved in the interdisciplinary research and development aspects of mechanics, materials and mathematics in the design of advanced materials.

  • Theory of Viscoelasticity

    An Introduction
    • 2 Edición
    • R Christensen
    • Inglés
    Theory of Viscoelasticity: An Introduction, Second Edition discusses the integral form of stress strain constitutive relations. The book presents the formulation of the boundary value problem and demonstrates the separation of variables condition. The text describes the mathematical framework to predict material behavior. It discusses the problems to which integral transform methods do not apply. Another topic of interest is the thermoviscoelastic stress analysis. The section that follows describes the heat conduction, glass transition criterion, viscoelastic Rayleigh waves, optimal strain history path, and nonlinear behavior of elastomers. The book will provide valuable insights for chemists, engineers, students, and researchers in the field of chemistry.

  • Machine Vision for Inspection and Measurement

    • 1 Edición
    • Herbert Freeman
    • Inglés
    Machine Vision for Inspection and Measurement contains the proceedings of the Second Annual Workshop on Machine Vision sponsored by the Center for Computer Aids for Industrial Productivity (CAIP) at Rutgers University and held on April 25-26, 1988 in New Brunswick, New Jersey. The papers explore the application of machine vision to inspection and measurement and cover topics such as the problem of object-pose estimation and depth recovery through inverse optics. The use of machine vision techniques in inspection of integrated circuits and semiconductor wafers is also discussed. Comprised of 11 chapters, this book opens with the problem of using fine-grained parallel machines for VLSI inspection. The discussion then turns to a variety of real-life applications of machine vision, including inspection of integrated circuits, semiconductor wafers, TV-tube glass, and mechanical parts. The use of machine vision to measure the curvature of the human cornea for vision correction and contact lens fitting purposes is also considered. The remaining chapters focus on motion estimation from stereo sequences using orthographic-view algorithms; photometric sampling for determining surface shape and reflectance; and efficient depth recovery by means of inverse optics. A chapter addresses the question of whether the industry is ready for machine vision and comes up with some optimistic predictions. This monograph will be of interest to practitioners in the fields of computer science and applied mathematics.

  • Heterostructure Lasers Part A

    • 1 Edición
    • H.C. Jr. Casey
    • Inglés
    Heterostructure Lasers, Part A: Fundamental Principles deals with the fundamental principles, preparation, and operating characteristics of heterostructure lasers. Each major topic is introduced along with the basic laws that govern the observed phenomena. The expressions relevant to heterostructure lasers are derived from the basic laws, and realistic numerical examples based on the GaAs-AlxGa1-xAs heterostructure are given. This book is comprised of four chapters and begins with a discussion on some of the early studies of injection lasers and an overview of the fundamental concepts of heterostructure lasers. Stimulated emission and room temperature continuous-wave operation with injection lasers are described, together with the fundamentals of waveguiding, gain, and carrier confinement in heterostructures. Optical fields and wave propagation are considered, along with slab-electric waveguides; the relationships between absorption, stimulated emission, and spontaneous emission; optical absorption and emission rates in semiconductors; and electrical properties of heterojunctions. This monograph will be of interest to physicists.

  • Seismic Strong Motion Synthetics

    • 1 Edición
    • Bruce Bolt
    • Inglés
    Seismic Strong Motion Synthetics describes the methods of modeling the production of strong seismic ground motions by realistic seismic sources. Organized into six chapters, this book highlights the different ways of numerical treatment and the available computationally rapid and conceptually simple algorithms. The introductory chapter describes the intense bursts of radiation emitted during sudden changes in the rupture-front velocity occurring when the zone of slip reaches regions of differing stress drop. This topic is followed by an overview of the observations of seismic waves close to the fault and a discussion on the application of kinematic dislocation models to the synthesis of strong ground motion, such as the representation theorem and methods of theoretical and semi-empirical synthesis. A chapter deals with dynamic shear cracks with an emphasis on numerical modeling of complete three-dimensional, spontaneous rupture processes not only in an infinite, homogeneous medium but also in a homogeneous half-space or horizontally layered medium. This book also describes a tool capable of synthesizing strong motion records from a basic understanding of fault mechanics and seismic-wave propagation in the earth. The text further examines the calculation of ground motions at locations near to large earthquakes. The concluding chapter explores the methods of computing the motions that result from elastic waves propagating through complex structures. This book is an advanced text on numerical modeling for use in graduate and upper-division courses in physics, geophysics, and earthquake engineering.

  • Metapopulation Dynamics: Empirical and Theoretical Investigations

    • 1 Edición
    • Michael Gilpin
    • Inglés
    Metapopulation Dynamics: Empirical and Theoretical Investigations covers the 1989 proceedings of a metapopulation dynamics workshop held at Lammi Biological Station, Helsinki, Finland. It is divided into 18 chapters that cover various approaches to spatially structured population and community dynamics. After briefly discussing the history of metapopulation ideas and the major conceptual links, the book covers types of studies that have been conducted on single-species and multispecies metapopulations. Then, it examines the relationships between metapopulation dynamics, the equilibrium theory of island biogeography, and the dynamics of populations living in patchy environments. It further tackles practical issues and the links between metapopulation dynamics and landscape ecology, and between metapopulation dynamics and conservation biology. Chapters 4 and 5 present structured models describing changes in the number of individuals within patches and an empirical evaluation of local extinction in metapopulation studies. The subsequent chapters discuss several aspects of metapopulation, including dispersal and connectivity, colonization, conspecific attraction, extinction and isolation, and forest fragmentation. The latter chapters describe the concept of habitat fragmentation, the diversity and competition in metapopulations, the community collapse, and the effects of metapopulation studies in predator-prey systems.

  • Solutions to Selected Problems in A Course in Statistical Thermodynamics

    • 1 Edición
    • Joseph Kestin
    • Inglés
    Solutions to Selected Problems In a Course in Statistical Thermodynmics is the companion book to A Course in Statistical Thermodynamics. This title provides the solutions to a select number of problems contained in the main title. The problem sets explores the physical aspects of the methodology of statistical thermodynamics without the use of advanced mathematical methods. This book is divided into 14 chapters that focus on such items as the statistical method to various specialized applications of statistical thermodynamics.

  • Modeling and Simulation of Mineral Processing Systems

    • 1 Edición
    • R. Peter King
    • Inglés
    Dr. R. Peter King covers the field of quantitative modeling of mineral processing equipment and the use of these models to simulate the actual behavior of ore dressing and coal washing as they are configured to work in industrial practice. The material is presented in a pedagogical style that is particularly suitable for readers who wish to learn the wide variety of modeling methods that have evolved in this field. The models vary widely from one unit type to another. As a result each model is described in some detail. Wherever possible model structure is related to the underlying physical processes that govern the behaviour of particulate material in the processing equipment. Predictive models are emphasised throughout so that, when combined, they can be used to simulate the operation of complex mineral processing flowsheets. The development of successful simulation techniques is a major objective of the work that is covered in the text.

  • Vehicle Traction Mechanics

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 3
    • R.N. Yong + 2 más
    • Inglés
    The fundamental problem in the study of vehicle mobility is the development of traction between the vehicle and the supporting terrain. The mechanics of energy transfer will essentially control the final performance of the surficial machine. Determining and predicting the capability of a particular piece of machinery to traverse successfully a specific piece of terrain is very complex, particularly as the characteristics and properties of different types of terrain cover vary considerably, as do the many types of vehicle and their running gear.The material that forms the basis of this book has been gathered over many years of study both in the laboratory and in the field. It studies vehicle traction mechanics from the viewpoint of the interaction between the vehicle and the ground surface. The types of machines covered include earth-moving, forestry, agricultural, and construction machines. In addition, the mechanisms involved in the development of traction and the working of the terrain through cultivation, construction and surface disturbances are examined. The book also addresses the problems of off-road mobility and terrain trafficability, especially from the terrain-support and terrain interaction points of view. It is the authors' aim that the book will provide the reader with the ability to both analyze and predict the traction capability of his proposed machinery, and also to anticipate the kinds of reactions that will occur in the ground and at the ground surface.

  • The Chemical Technology of Wood

    • 1 Edición
    • Harmann Wenzl
    • Inglés
    The Chemical Technology of Wood is an eight-chapter introductory text on the developments in understanding the chemistry of wood and its chemical-technologic... utilization. The opening chapters of this book cover the productive aspects of forests, followed by a description of the anatomy and physical properties of wood. The subsequent chapter presents a summative wood analysis concerning its cellulose, hemicelluloses, lignin, and other extraneous components. This topic is followed by a presentation of several destructive processing of wood, including acid hydrolysis, pyrolysis, oxidation, and hydrogenolysis. The remaining chapters describe the pulp production through sulfite cooking and using alkaline reagents. This book will prove useful to chemists, engineers, biologists, foresters, and economists.

  • Phase Diagrams 6-V

    Materials Science and Technology
    • 1 Edición
    • Allen Alper
    • Inglés
    Phase Diagrams: Materials Science and Technology, Volume V is a six-chapter text that covers the use of phase diagrams in the understanding and development of inorganic materials. This volume first examines the atomistic understanding of the geometry of phase diagrams and the thermodynamic parameters on which the diagrams are based, as well as the relations of diagrams to crystal chemistry. The topics are followed by discussions on the most important thermodynamic theories of nonstoichiometry in binary oxide systems and the theories of spinodal decomposition that are relevant to crystalline nonmetals, especially to mixed crystalline oxides. Other chapters explore the phase equilibrium relations of phosphatic apatites including fluor-, chlor-, and hydroxyanion-contain... compounds and of sialons and other nitrogen ceramics. The last chapter describes the mechanical, chemical, and thermal shock-resistant properties required of materials for stringent application. This chapter highlights the maximizing of the thermal shock resistance of silicate ceramics through lowering thermal expansion to meet the required properties of this application. The use of phase diagrams in the development of low thermal expansion materials for these applications is also discussed. This book will be useful to all scientists, engineers, and materials science students who are investigating and developing materials, as well as to the end user of the materials.

  • Dams, Dam Foundations, and Reservoir Sites

    • 1 Edición
    • Ernest Wahlstrom
    • Inglés
    Developments in Geotechnical Engineering 6: Dams, Dam Foundations, and Reservoir Sites explores the design and construction of dams and reservoirs, and the foundations on which they rest. It discusses the theory and practice of geology and geophysics as they are applied to the study of proposed sites on which to build dams and reservoirs, the measures taken to ensure the continued safety of a dam during construction, and geological processes and features of foundations. Comprised of 10 chapters, this volume begins with an overview of the geotechnical aspects of planning and construction of dams and reservoirs, along with the origin, nature, and magnitude of problems associated with the foundation materials to be used. It then looks at the geological classification of natural substances and the strengths of these substances in terms of their origin, fabric, and mineralogy; excavation and filling of valleys; the influence of geologic structure in the development of erosional and depositional features in valleys; and the flow of water (seepage) beneath dams and around abutments. The reader is also introduced to groundwater hydrology as it relates to the movement of water through anisotropic materials beneath standing or running bodies of water at the Earth's surface and beneath dams; the mechanics of dam foundations; and excavations and dam construction in unconsolidated deposits. This book will be of interest to geologists, geophysicists, and engineers, as well as those involved in hydrology, geosciences, and rock and soil mechanics.

  • Wind Engineering 1983 3A

    Proceedings of the Sixth international Conference on Wind Engineering, Gold Coast, Australia, March 21-25, And Auckland, New Zealand, April 6-7 1983; held under the auspices of the International Association for Wind Engineering
    • 1 Edición
    • J.D. Holmes
    • Inglés
    Wind Engineering 1983, Part A contains the proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Wind Engineering, held in Gold Coast, Australia, on March 21-25, 1983 and in Auckland, New Zealand, on April 6-7, 1983 under the auspices of the International Association for Wind Engineering. The conference provided a forum for discussing topics related to wind energy and wind engineering, from wind characteristics and wind loading to full-scale measurement and modeling of buildings and other structures. Comprised of 36 chapters, this volume begins with an assessment of the wider application of reliability principles in the treatment of wind loading, paying particular attention to the influence of wind direction and the role of full-scale testing in reducing uncertainty. The reader is then introduced to wind characteristics, with emphasis on strong winds and tropical cyclones; wind loading of tall buildings and low-rise structures; and instrumentation and experimental techniques for wind loading. The base balance technique for the determination of dynamic wind loads is described, along with a detailed design method for pneumatic tubing systems and a digital system for the measurement of wind effects on large structures. The final two chapters deal with active modeling of large-scale turbulence and selection of local peak pressure coefficients for wind tunnel studies of buildings. This monograph will be of interest to students, practitioners, and researchers concerned with wind energy and wind engineering.

  • Electromagnetic Fluctuations In Plasma

    • 1 Edición
    • A Sitenko
    • Inglés
    Electromagnetic Fluctuations in Plasma focuses on the theoretical investigation of the electromagnetic properties of a plasma (an ionized gas). The manuscript first takes a look at the general theory of fluctuations and electromagnetic fluctuations in media with space-time dispersion. Discussions focus on spectral distribution of the fluctuations and energy dissipation in the medium; dielectric and magnetic permittivities in a medium with spatial dispersion; current, charge, and field fluctuations in a medium; and inversion of the fluctuation-dissipat... theorem. The text then examines the electrodynamic properties of an electron plasma and electromagnetic fluctuations in an electron plasma. The publication ponders on fluctuations in an electron-ion plasma and electron plasma in a magnetic field. Topics include plasma dielectric permittivity tensor in a magnetic field; longitudinal plasma oscillations in a magnetic field; fluctuations in charge and current densities in an equilibrium electron-ion plasma; and electron and ion density fluctuations in an equilibrium plasma. The text also tackles the passage of charged particles through plasma and dynamic friction and diffusion coefficients in a plasma. The book is a dependable reference for readers interested in the study of the electromagnetic properties of a plasma.

  • Optical Fibers

    • 1 Edición
    • Takanori Okoshi
    • Inglés
    Optical Fibers describes the theoretical basis—electromagneti... theories—of transmission characteristics of optical fibers. The material and fabrication technologies are not described systematically, but only briefly where necessary to assist comprehension of the transmission characteristics. This book comprises 11 chapters, with an introductory chapter that discusses such topics as optical communications before the advent of optical fibers, a technical background of the subject matter, and a summary of its history. Succeeding chapters then discuss basic concepts and equations; ray theory of optical fibers; wave theory of uniform-core fibers; wave theory of nonuniform-core fibers; and classification and comparison of various analysis methods. Other chapters cover optimum refractive-index profile of optical fibers; optical fibers having structural fluctuations; measurement of refractive-index profile of optical fibers; measurement of transmission characteristics of optical fibers; and finally, some concluding remarks. This book will be of interest to practitioners in the fields of electronic engineering and electrical communications.

  • Materials Science in Energy Technology

    • 1 Edición
    • G Libowitz
    • Inglés
    Materials Science in Energy Technology presents the fundamental properties of materials that are essential to a particular energy application. This book discusses the areas of research required for the development of other materials for that application. Organized into 10 chapters, this book starts with an overview of the methods of producing energy, which are arranged in approximate chronological order as to when the methods were or will be first utilized. This text then reviews the wide scope of materials associated with nuclear fission technology. Other chapters consider the major materials requirements and problems for ceramics in magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) power generators. This book discusses as well the three processes that are involved in the photovoltaic effect, including light absorption, charge separation in the photovoltaic cell, and migration of charge carriers. The final chapter deals with the physical properties of superconductors. This book is a valuable resource for materials scientists, metallurgists, physicists, and chemists.

  • Wind Engineering 1983 3C

    Proceedings of the Sixth international Conference on Wind Engineering, Gold Coast, Australia, March 21-25, And Auckland, New Zealand, April 6-7 1983; held under the auspices of the International Association for Wind Engineering
    • 1 Edición
    • J.D. Holmes
    • Inglés
    Wind Engineering 1983, Part C contains the proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Wind Engineering, held in Gold Coast, Australia, on March 21-25, 1983 and in Auckland, New Zealand, on April 6-7, 1983 under the auspices of the International Association for Wind Engineering. The conference provided a forum for discussing topics related to wind energy and wind engineering, from internal pressures and wind-induced heat losses to wind characteristics, wind power systems, and the dispersion of gaseous pollutants. Comprised of 29 chapters, this volume begins with a detailed treatment of theory and experiment regarding the response characteristics of air pressure inside double-glazed windows. The effects of surrounding buildings on wind pressure distributions and ventilative heat losses for a single-family house are then examined, along with the nonlinearity of pressure differentials induced by wind and mechanical ventilation. Subsequent sections focus on topographic modeling of the dispersion of gaseous pollutants; the effect of wind environment on shelter; the effect of wind characteristics on structures; wind flow over hills and ridges; and wind power systems. This monograph will be of interest to students, practitioners, and researchers concerned with wind energy and wind engineering.

  • Holographic Nondestructive Testing

    • 1 Edición
    • Robert Erf
    • Inglés
    Holographic Nondestructive Testing presents a unified discussion of the principles and methods of holography and its application holographic nondestructive testing. The book discusses in detail the basic theoretical concepts, the experimental methods for recording holograms, and different specialized holographic techniques. Several kinds of holography are discussed in the beginning chapters such as continuous-wave holography, pulsed holography, and interferometric holography. Other topics covered in the book are holographic surface contouring, holographic correlation, and holographic vibration analysis. Microwave and acoustical holography are the major areas of interest in Chapters 9 and 10. The text serves as an important reference to both engineers and optical scientists.

  • Wind Engineering 1983 3B

    Proceedings of the Sixth international Conference on Wind Engineering, Gold Coast, Australia, March 21-25, And Auckland, New Zealand, April 6-7 1983; held under the auspices of the International Association for Wind Engineering
    • 1 Edición
    • J.D. Holmes
    • Inglés
    Wind Engineering 1983, Part B contains the proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Wind Engineering, held in Gold Coast, Australia, on March 21-25, 1983 and in Auckland, New Zealand, on April 6-7, 1983 under the auspices of the International Association for Wind Engineering. The conference provided a forum for discussing topics related to wind energy and wind engineering, from bluff body aerodynamics and mathematical models of wind loading to full-scale measurement and modeling of buildings and other structures. Comprised of 37 chapters, this volume begins with a description of two probabilistic wind load models used in assessing the safety indices of structural members in cyclonic and non-cyclonic regions of Australia. The discussion then turns to the effect of uncertainties in wind load estimation on reliability assessments; wind tunnel test program and risk analysis for structural design; and application of wind engineering to low-rise housing. Subsequent sections focus on wind loading of chimneys and cooling towers, bridges, cables and transmission lines, and offshore platforms. The fundamentals of bluff body aerodynamics are also examined, along with mathematical models of wind loading. This monograph will be of interest to students, practitioners, and researchers concerned with wind energy and wind engineering.

  • Reliability Theory and Models

    • 1 Edición
    • Mohamed Abdel-Hameed
    • Inglés
    Reliability Theory and Models: Stochastic Failure Models, Optimal Maintenance Policies, Life Testing, and Structures contains the proceedings of a Symposium on Stochastic Failure Models, Replacement and Maintenance Policies, and Accelerated Life Testing, held in Charlotte, North Carolina, on June 24-26, 1983. Contributors discuss the directions for research on stochastic failure models and maintenance and replacement policies, as well as statistical and computational aspects of reliability. This text is divided into five sections and is comprised of 17 chapters; the first of which introduces the reader to Markov and semi-Markov models of deterioration in light of the results on representation and characterization of Markov processes. The discussion then turns to the concept of minimal repair; situations in which the appropriate stochastic process is a damage or wear process; and optimum policies for several maintenance models based on the imperfect repair model of Brown and Proschan. The chapters that follow explore optimal replacement for self-repairing shock models; the implementation of an iterative scheme for certain Markovian wear/damage models; and a Markov decision model for determining the optimal inventories of repairable spare parts for redundant systems. This book also considers the reliability and maintenance of very large complex systems from the perspective of the U.S. Air Force. This reference material will be of interest to students and active researchers in the fields of mathematics and engineering.

  • Picosecond Optoelectronic Devices

    • 1 Edición
    • Chi H. Lee
    • Inglés
    Picosecond Optoelectronic Devices reviews the major developments in the field of picosecond optoelectronics. This book discusses the picosecond pulse generation with semiconductor diode lasers; gigabit optical pulse generation in integrated lasers and applications; and picosecond photoconductors. The picosecond optoelectronic devices based on optically injected electron-hole plasma; pulse forming with optoelectronic switches; and high-power picosecond switching in bulk semiconductors are also elaborated. This text likewise discusses the sub-picosecond electrical sampling and applications; InP optoelectronic switches; and picosecond chronography. Other topics include the picosecond optical control of transferred-electron devices; optoelectronic switch for pulsed power; and responses of TEDs to picosecond optical pulses. This publication is a good source for electrical engineers and researchers conducting work on picosecond optoelectronics.

  • Precipitation Hardening

    Theory and Applications
    • 2 Edición
    • J. W. Martin
    • Inglés
    Precipitation Hardening (or age-hardening) is an important technique for the metal-using industries. The process is used to enhance the mechanical properties of a wide range of alloys, notably those based on aluminium, but also embracing some nickel and other non-ferrous alloys as well as certain steels. It is important that the mechanisms that produce this improvement in properties are understood so that the desired properties can be optimised. This book provides a thorough treatment and grounding in the subject for the student of materials science and engineering, as well as guidance, for those using the process in industry and in research. A number of excerpts from classic papers are included, which illustrate the development of precipitation hardening from being an art to a science.Precipitatio... Hardening (or age-hardening) is an important technique for the metal-using industries. The process is used to enhance the mechanical properties of a wide range of alloys, notably those based on aluminium, but also embracing some nickel and other non-ferrous alloys as well as certain steels. It is important that the mechanisms that produce this improvement in properties are understood so that the desired properties can be optimised. This book provides a thorough treatment and grounding in the subject for the student of materials science and engineering, as well as guidance, for those using the process in industry and in research. A number of excerpts from classic papers are included, which illustrate the development of precipitation hardening from being an art to a science.

  • Gasdynamic Lasers: An Introduction

    • 1 Edición
    • John D. Jr. Anderson
    • Inglés
    Gasdynamic Lasers: An Introduction is a 12-chapter introductory text to major development generations of gasdynamic lasers, focusing on their underlying physical and fundamental aspects. The opening chapters discuss the basic detailed physical phenomena that ultimately are responsible for producing gasdynamic laser action and the methods of calculating the performance of these devices. These topics are followed by a chapter on confirmation of the performance calculations through arc and shock tunnel experiments. The discussion then shifts to vibrational relaxation process behind normal shock waves in CO2-N2-He mixtures and assesses their population inversions occurring in the nonequilibrium flow. Other chapters explore the concepts of downstream mixing and optical cavity in gasdynamic lasers, as well as the laser beam extracted from these devices. A systematic study of aerodynamic windows that use supersonic flow across the aperture is presented in the concluding chapters, along with the phenomena associated with gasdynamic laser diffusers. This introductory text will be of great value to professional scientists and engineers, as well as to students and workers in the field who are interested in interdisciplinary applied science.

  • Fluid Flow Phenomena In Metals Processing

    • 1 Edición
    • Julian Szekely
    • Inglés
    Fluid Flow Phenomena in Metals Processing outlines the fundamentals of fluid flow theory, emphasizing the potential applications of fluid flow concepts that are illustrated by actual problems drawn from the metallurgical literature. This book is divided into 10 chapters. Chapters 1 to 4 are devoted to the fundamentals of fluid flow, while Chapters 5 to 9 are concerned with the application of basic concepts to specific systems, such as electromagnetically driven flows, surface tension and natural convection driven flows, multiparticle systems, gas bubbles, and impinging jets. The discussion on flow measurements and introduction to physical modeling are provided in the last chapter. This publication is suitable for a one semester graduate level course for metallurgy and chemical engineering students.

  • Interpretation of Metallographic Structures

    • 2 Edición
    • James Dvorak
    • Inglés
    Interpretation of Metallographic Structures, Second Edition describes the features of metallographic structures using an optical reflection microscope. This book is divided into six chapters and starts with an examination of the polycrystalline structures, subgrain boundaries, and an overview of cold and hot working, as well as recrystallization and grain growth. The next chapter explores the metallography of fracture, which involves visual inspection, low-power stereoptic light microscopy, polished-section light-reflection microscopy, and the scanning electron microscope. This topic is followed by discussions of the different types of crystallizations, the mechanism of solid-state transformation, and the diffusion and other transport processes. The last chapter involves the measurement aspects in metallography, including measurement of grain and particles sizes, as well as their distribution. This book is intended primarily to metallurgists and researchers.

  • Group Theory

    And its Application to the Quantum Mechanics of Atomic Spectra
    • 1 Edición
    • Eugene Wigner
    • Inglés
    Group Theory: And Its Application To The Quantum Mechanics Of Atomic Spectra aims to describe the application of group theoretical methods to problems of quantum mechanics with specific reference to atomic spectra. Chapters 1 to 3 discuss the elements of linear vector theory, while Chapters 4 to 6 deal more specifically with the rudiments of quantum mechanics itself. Chapters 7 to 16 discuss the abstract group theory, invariant subgroups, and the general theory of representations. These chapters are mathematical, although much of the material covered should be familiar from an elementary course in quantum theory. Chapters 17 to 23 are specifically concerned with atomic spectra, as is Chapter 25. The remaining chapters discuss topics such as the recoupling (Racah) coefficients, the time inversion operation, and the classical interpretations of the coefficients. The text is recommended for physicists and mathematicians who are interested in the application of group theory to quantum mechanics. Those who are only interested in mathematics can choose to focus on the parts more devoted to that particular area of the subject.

  • Mechanics of Flow-Induced Sound and Vibration V1

    General Concepts and Elementary Sources
    • 1 Edición
    • William K. Blake
    • Inglés
    Mechanics of Flow-Induced Sound and Vibration: Volume 1 discusses a broad selection of flow sources that are widely encountered in many applications of subsonic flow engineering and provides combined physical and mathematical analyses of each of these sources. It classifies each of the leading sources of vibration and sound induced by various types of fluid motion and unifies the disciplines essential to describing each source. The book considers sources such as jet noise, flow-induced tones and self-excited vibration, dipole sound from rigid and flexible acoustically compact surfaces, random vibration of flow-excited plates and cylindrical shells, cavitation noise, acoustic transmission characteristics and sound radiation from bubbly liquids, splash noise, throttling and ventilation system noises, lifting surface flow noise and vibration, and tonal and broadband sounds from rotating machinery. It also integrates the fundamentals of the subject with the many practicalities of the design of quiet vibration-free machinery. This book caters to advanced students well-versed in applied mathematics, fluid mechanics, and vibrations, strength of materials, acoustics, and statistical methods.

  • Rapidly Quenched Metals

    • 1 Edición
    • S Steeb
    • Inglés
    Rapidly Quenched Metals, Volume I covers the proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Rapidly Quenched Metals, held in Wurzburg, Germany on September 3-7, 1984. The book focuses on amorphous and crystalline metals formed by rapid quenching from the melt. The selection first covers the scope and trends of developments in rapid solidification technology, rapid solidification, and undercooling of liquid metals by rapid quenching. Discussions focus on experimental method, powders, strip, particulate production, consolidation, and alloys and alloy systems. The text then examines the solidification of undercooled liquid alloys entrapped in solid; crystallization kinetics in undercooled droplets; and grain refinement in bulk undercooled alloys. The manuscript tackles the undercooling of niobium-germanium alloys in a 100 meter drop tube; influence of process parameters on the cooling rate of the meltspinning process; and the mechanism of ribbon formation in melt-spun copper and copper-zirconium. The formation and structure of thick sections of rapidly-solidified material by incremental deposition and production of ultrafine dispersions of rare earth oxides in Ti alloys using rapid solidification are also mentioned. The selection is a valuable reference for physicists, chemists, physical metallurgists, and engineers.

  • Windship Technology

    Proceedings of the International Symposium on Windship Technology (WINDTECH ' 85), Southampton, U.K., April 24-25, 1985
    • 1 Edición
    • C Satchwell
    • Inglés
    Windship Technology, Part A contains the proceedings of the International Symposium on Windship Technology (WINDTECH '85), held at the University of Southampton, England, on April 24-25, 1985. The symposium provided a forum for discussing developments in windship technology, including the use of calculation methods to analyze wind propulsion on cargo ships and weather routing for wind-assisted ships. Measurements of the comparative performance of sailing rigs are also presented. Comprised of 17 chapters, this volume begins by tracing the revival of serious interest in the possible use of the wind in ship propulsion over the past decade, and giving examples of the wide range of rigs that have been developed and are now installed on ships. The reader is then introduced to Project INDOSAIL intended to develop cargo sailing vessels for the Indonesian inter-island trade. Subsequent chapters focus on sail-assist developments from 1979 to 1984; economic aspects of the application of additional sail power on small German fishing vessels; sail retrofit on inter-island vessels in Fiji; and the aerodynamics of a triangular jib-and-boom combination. The book concludes with an evaluation of two-dimensional sail shape determined by pressure and its tension. This book will appeal to government officials, academics, ship owners, and other parties with an interest in windship technology.

  • Critical Materials Problems In Energy Production

    • 1 Edición
    • Charles Stein
    • Inglés
    Critical Materials Problems in Energy Production discusses the most challenging of the materials problems in the areas of production, distribution, and energy storage. This book is a result of the Distinguished Lecture Series on “Critical Materials Problems in Energy Production” sponsored by the Joint Center for Materials Science in New Mexico. This text is organized into eight sections encompassing 29 chapters that cover topics on nuclear power, materials for high-temperature applications, solar energy, direct solar conversion, coal and other fossil fuels, superconducting materials, and energy storage devices. After a brief introduction to overall perspective of the energy program, the book goes on discussing the problems encountered in nuclear power generation, including the complication of their interdependence, the severity of the service parameters, and the need for safety and reliability. Section II examines the progress made in the development of high-temperature materials suitable for use in magnetohydrodynamic converts and advanced turbines and jet engines. The subsequent two sections address the thermal/optical requirements for solar utilization devices and the limitations encountered in solar cell materials. Section V deals with the metallurgical problems emanating from the materials used for confinement and the flow of energy in steam generating systems. This section also describes the close dependence of catalytic performance on technological innovations in the field of materials science. Section VI discusses the basics of superconductivity phenomena. Section VII deals with the materials problems related to the development of more efficient batteries. Discussions on new electrode materials, solid electrolytes, and high-temperature battery systems are included in this section. The concluding section provides supplemental texts containing references and readings.

  • Biosynthesis and biodegradation of wood components

    • 1 Edición
    • Takayoshi Higuchi
    • Inglés
    Biosynthesis and Biodegradation of Wood Components is a comprehensive account of the biosynthesis and biodegradation of wood and wood components. Topics covered range from the localization of polysaccharides and lignins in wood cell walls to the metabolism and synthetic function of cambial tissue, along with the function of cell organelles in the biosynthesis of cell wall components. The biosynthesis of plant cell wall polysaccharides is also discussed. This book is comprised of 22 chapters and begins with an overview of the structure of wood, with emphasis on three aspects of sections of wood: the cross or transverse section, the tangential section, and the radial section or face. The following chapters deal with the structure and chemistry of the major components of wood cell walls; the metabolism and synthetic function of cambial tissue; the function of organelles involved in biosynthesis; and the biosynthesis both of the major cell wall components of wood (cellulose, hemicelluloses, and lignins) and of wood extractives. The microbial degradation of cell wall components and aromatic extractives of wood is also considered, together with the microorganisms involved in lignin biodegradation as well as the physiology and biochemistry of degradation by white-rot fungi. This monograph will be of interest to biochemists as well as students and researchers in biochemistry.

  • Martensitic Transformation

    • 1 Edición
    • Zenji Nishiyama
    • Inglés
    Martensitic Transformation examines martensitic transformation based on the known crystallographical data. Topics covered range from the crystallography of martensite to the transformation temperature and rate of martensite formation. The conditions for martensite formation and stabilization of austenite are also discussed, along with the crystallographic theory of martensitic transformations. Comprised of six chapters, this book begins with an introduction to martensite and martensitic transformation, with emphasis on the basic properties of martensite in steels such as carbon steels. The next two chapters deal with the crystallography of martensite and discuss the martensitic transformation behavior of the second-order transition; lattice imperfections in martensite; and close-packed layer structures of martensites produced from ? phase in noble-metal-base alloys. Thermodynamical problems and kinetics are also analysed, together with conditions for the nucleation of martensite and problems concerning stabilization of austenite. The last chapter discusses the theory of the mechanism underlying martensitic transformation. This monograph will be of interest to metallurgists and materials scientists.

  • Radiocarbon Dating

    An Archaeological Perspective
    • 1 Edición
    • R Taylor
    • Inglés
    Radiocarbon Dating: An Archaeological Perspective provides a review of some of the major advances and accomplishments of the 14C method from an archaeological perspective. The text also provides an introduction to some of the problems and issues involved in the use of 14C data in archaeological studies. The book covers topics in radiocarbon dating, including the elements of the radiocarbon method; definition of major anomalies and the different effects of the 14C method; and sample, sample pretreatment, and measurement techniques. The evaluation of radiocarbon data and the historical development of radiocarbon dating as a method that aids in archaeological studies are also discussed. The text is recommended for archaeologists who want to know more about the theories and principles behind radiocarbon dating, its techniques, and its application in their field. The book will also be good for physicists who want to work with archaeologists and apply their knowledge in radiocarbon dating.

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