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Elsevier

Libros en Ingeniería y Tecnología

  • Laser Speckle and Applications in Optics

    • 1 Edición
    • M Francon
    • Inglés
    Laser Speckle and Applications in Optics focuses on developments in laser speckle techniques, with emphasis on the experimental aspect of phenomena and on applications in optics. These applications include interference with scattered light, optical processing of images, and studies of surface roughness as well as displacements and deformations of diffuse objects. This book is comprised of 10 chapters and begins by reviewing the elements of diffraction theory and the properties of speckle in the image of a diffuse object. The discussion then turns to speckle in the near field and interferometry with diffuse light, along with experiments in which interference patterns are produced from photographically superimposed laterally shifted speckle patterns. The following chapters consider optical processing of images modulated by speckle; deformations and displacements of diffuse objects; speckle applications in astronomy; and surface roughness measurements. The final chapter looks at the use of laser speckle to study transparent objects; the average shape of diffuse surfaces; the transfer functions and aberrations of optical systems; and the movement of diffuse objects. This monograph will be of value to physicists and researchers as well as those interested in lasers and optics.

  • Electron-Beam Technology in Microelectronic Fabrication

    • 1 Edición
    • George Brewer
    • Inglés
    Electron-Beam Technology in Microelectronic Fabrication presents a unified description of the technology of high resolution lithography. This book is organized into six chapters, each treating a major segment of the technology of high resolution lithography. The book examines topics such as the physics of interaction of the electrons with the polymer resist in which the patterns are drawn, the machines that generate and control the beam, and ways of applying electron-beam lithography in device fabrication and in the making of masks for photolithographic replication. Chapter 2 discusses fundamental processes by which patterns are created in resist masks. Chapter 3 describes electron-beam lithography machines, including some details of each of the major elements in the electron-optical column and their effect on the focused electron beam. Chapter 4 presents the use of electron-beam lithography to make discrete devices and integrated circuits. Chapter 5 looks at the techniques and economics of mask fabrication by the use of electron beams. Finally, Chapter 6 presents a comprehensive description and evaluation of the several high resolution replication processes currently under development. This book will be of great value to students and to engineers who want to learn the unique features of high resolution lithography so that they can apply it in research, development, or production of the next generation of microelectronic devices and circuits.

  • Control and Dynamic Systems V39: Advances in Robotic Systems Part 1 of 2

    Advances in Theory and Applications
    • 1 Edición
    • C.T. Leonides
    • Inglés
    Advances in Robotic Systems, Part 1 shows how the activity in robotic systems has increased significantly over the past decade. Major centers of research and development in robotic systems were established on the international scene, and these became focal points for the brilliant research efforts of many academicians and industrial professionals. The systems aspects of robotics, in general, and of robot control, in particular, are manifested through a number of technical facts. This book comprises 10 chapters, with the first focusing on applications of neural networks to robotics. The following chapters then discuss a unified approach to kinematic modeling, identification and compensation for robot calibration; nonlinear control algorithms in robotic systems; and kinematic and dynamic task space motion planning for robot control. Other chapters cover discrete kinematic modeling techniques in Cartesian space for robotic system; force distribution algorithms for multifingered grippers; frequency analysis for a discrete-time robot system; minimum cost trajectory planning for industrial robots; tactile sensing techniques in robotic systems; and sensor data fusion in robotic systems. This book will be of interest to practitioners in the fields of computer science, systems science, and mathematics.

  • Control and Dynamic Systems V53: High Performance Systems Techniques and Applications

    Advances in Theory and Applications
    • 1 Edición
    • C.T. Leonides
    • Inglés
    Control and Dynamic Systems: Advances in Theory and Applications, Volume 53: High Performance Systems Techniques and Applications covers the significant research works on the issues and applications of high performance control systems techniques. This book is divided into 11 chapters and starts with an examination of the contribution of computing power with advances in theory in global optimization. The next chapters present robust solution techniques for combined filtering and parameter estimation in discrete time and the design and analysis of model reference adaptive control techniques for both continuous and discrete time multivariable plants with additive and multiplicative unmodeled dynamics. These topics are followed by discussions of the decentralized adaptive control; robust recursive estimation of states and parameters of bilinear systems; the design of robust control systems under uncertainty cases; and the techniques for state estimation for linear stationary dynamic systems that are subject to unknown time varying plant and output disturbances. Other chapters deal with the sliding control algorithm, the techniques in robust broadband beamforming, and the different categories of robust robotic controllers. The final chapter looks into the problems and issues of performance and versatility of non-linear control and the application of artificial neural networks. This book is of great value to process, control, mechanical, and design engineers.

  • Infrared Absorption Spectra (1959)

    • 1 Edición
    • Herbert Hershenson
    • Inglés
    Infrared Absorption Spectra: Index for 1945 -1957 contains 16,000 references to published infrared absorption spectra in 33 American and European journals and book. This index aims to provide a means for the location of published absorption spectra from 1945 to 1957, compiling references that consist of an abbreviated symbol of the journal, volume number, and page where an actual spectrum of the compound is reproduced. This book is arranged according to the compounds whose spectra are given, which is roughly similar to that used in Chemical Abstracts. This text is suitable for chemistry students and professionals conducting work on infrared absorption spectra.

  • Fundamentals of Gas Particle Flow

    • 1 Edición
    • G Rudinger
    • Inglés
    Fundamentals of Gas-Particle Flow is an edited, updated, and expanded version of a number of lectures presented on the “Gas-Solid Suspensions” course organized by the von Karman Institute for Fluid Dynamics. Materials presented in this book are mostly analytical in nature, but some experimental techniques are included. The book focuses on relaxation processes, including the viscous drag of single particles, drag in gas-particles flow, gas-particle heat transfer, equilibrium, and frozen flow. It also discusses the dynamics of single particles, such as particles in an arbitrary flow, in a rotating gas, in a Prandtl-Meyer expansion, and in an oscillating flow. The remaining chapters of the book deal with the thermodynamics of gas-particle mixtures, steady flow through ducts, pressure waves, gas-particle jets, boundary layer, and momentum transfer. The experimental techniques included in this book present the powder feeders, the instrumentation on particle flow rate, velocity, concentration and temperature, and the measurement of the particle drag coefficient in a shock tube.

  • Control and Dynamic Systems V17

    Advances in Theory and Applications
    • 1 Edición
    • C.T. Leonides
    • Inglés
    Control and Dynamic Systems: Advances in Theory and Application, Volume 17 deals with the theory of differential games and its applications. It provides a unique presentation of the differential game theory as well as the use of algorithms for solving this complex class problems. This book discusses fundamental concepts and system problem formulation for differential game systems. It also considers pursuit-evasion games and on-line real time computer control techniques. This book will serve as a useful reference for those interested in effective computations for differential games.

  • Geo-Electromagnetism

    • 1 Edición
    • James Wait
    • Inglés
    Geo-Electromagnetism surveys the theoretical concepts and applications of electrical prospecting methods. This book is divided into seven chapters that specifically tackle the basic electromagnetic concepts and the special mathematical functions. This text deals first with the numerical and analytical approaches to delineate earth resistivity principles, followed by a description of the three-layer model. These topics are followed by a discussion on the theory of induced electrical polarization. The subsequent chapters are devoted to relevant electromagnetic theory of low-frequency current flow in conducting with varying fields. The discussion then shifts to the geophysical problems associated with vertical electric dipole sources, with an emphasis on the quasi-static range in which all significant distances are small compared with the free-space wavelength. The last chapters outline the relevant analytical development of the magnetotelluric theory and the theoretical principles of the transient electromagnetic methods used in geophysical exploration. Geophysicists, theoreticians, and undergraduate level students will find this book invaluable.

  • Application of Optical Fourier Transforms

    • 1 Edición
    • Henry Stark
    • Inglés
    Applications of Optical Fourier Transforms is a 12-chapter text that discusses the significant achievements in Fourier optics. The opening chapters discuss the Fourier transform property of a lens, the theory and applications of complex spatial filters, and their application to signal detection, character recognition, water pollution monitoring, and other pattern recognition problems. These topics are followed by a computation of the statistical characteristics of the Fourier irradiance patterns and the hybrid systems that combine the best of optics, analog electronics, and digital computers to solve problems. The subsequent chapters examine the pulse-Doppler and chirp signals, the significance of signal-to-noise power spectrum in the information content measurement of photographic film and in image quality determinations. This text also considers the application of nonlinear systems and their components to Fourier optics. The discussions then shift to the application of Fourier methods to the study of spatial information transmission through the human visual system, as well as the application of coherent techniques to vision research. The concluding chapters deal with the well-known pattern recognition problems related to the digital signal processing community. These chapters also look into a general theoretical model of light field propagation from input to output. This book will be of value to optical scientists and vision researchers.

  • Surface Physics of Materials V1

    • 1 Edición
    • J.M. Blakely
    • Inglés
    Surface Physics of Materials provides an account of the physical properties of solid surfaces. It examines the status of work on a number of aspects of solid surfaces and predicts the most profitable avenues for future research. The book contains a set of papers carefully selected to give broad coverage of the field of surface physics. The individual chapters deal with topics of current research interest and emphasize surface properties rather than the applicability of experimental techniques. The book covers different properties such as surface crystallography, electronic structure, and statistical thermodynamics of surface. It also provides a background of the importance of surfaces and interfaces in solid state devices and chemical reactions. This book caters to research workers, teachers, and graduate students in surface physics and serves as reference texts for the materials scientist specializing in other branches of the subject.

  • Practical Programmable Circuits

    A Guide to PLDs, State Machines, and Microcontrollers
    • 1 Edición
    • James D. Broesch
    • Inglés
    This is a practical guide to programmable logic devices. It covers all devices related to PLD: PALs, PGAs, state machines, and microcontrollers. Usefulness is evaluated; support needed in order to effectively use the devices is discussed. All examples are based on real-world circuits.

  • Topics in Numerical Analysis II

    • 1 Edición
    • John J.H. Miller
    • Inglés
    Topics in Numerical Analysis II contains in complete form, the papers given by the invited speakers to the Conference on Numerical Analysis held under the auspices of the National Committee for Mathematics of the Royal Irish Academy at University College, Dublin from 29th July to 2nd August, 1974. In addition, the titles of the contributed papers are listed together with the names and addresses of the authors who presented them at the conference. This book is divided into 20 chapters that present the papers in their entirety. They discuss such topics as applications of approximation theory to numerical analysis; interior regularity and local convergence of Galerkin finite element approximations for elliptic equations; and numerical estimates for the error of Gauss-Jacobi quadrature formulae. Some remarks on the unified treatment of elementary functions by microprogramming; application of finite difference methods to exploration seismology; and variable coefficient multistep methods for ordinary differential equations applied to parabolic partial differential equations are also presented. Other chapters cover realistic estimates for generic constants in multivariate pointwise approximation; matching of essential boundary conditions in the finite element method; and collocation, difference equations, and stitched function representations. This book will be of interest to practitioners in the fields of mathematics and computer science.

  • Designer's Handbook Instrmtn/Contr Circuits

    • 1 Edición
    • Joseph J. Carr
    • Inglés
    Here is a comprehensive, practical guide to the entire process of analog instrumentation and control, from sensor input to data conversion circuitry and final output. This readable handbook avoids complex mathematical treatments, instead taking an applications-oriente... approach and presenting many sample circuits and concrete examples. It is an essential reference for engineers and high-level technicians in a variety of scientific and engineering fields--anywhere data is collected electronically and where such data is used to control physical processes.

  • Numerical Simulation of Non-Newtonian Flow

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 1
    • M.J. Crochet + 2 más
    • Inglés
    Numerical Simulation of Non-Newtonian Flow focuses on the numerical simulation of non-Newtonian flow using finite difference and finite element techniques. Topics range from the basic equations governing non-Newtonian fluid mechanics to flow classification and finite element calculation of flow (generalized Newtonian flow and viscoelastic flow). An overview of finite difference and finite element methods is also presented. Comprised of 11 chapters, this volume begins with an introduction to non-Newtonian mechanics, paying particular attention to the rheometrical properties of non-Newtonian fluids as well as non-Newtonian flow in complex geometries. The role of non-Newtonian fluid mechanics is also considered. The discussion then turns to the basic equations governing non-Newtonian fluid mechanics, including Navier Stokes equations and rheological equations of state. The next chapter describes a flow classification in which the various flow problems are grouped under five main headings: flows dominated by shear viscosity, slow flows (slightly elastic liquids), small deformation flows, nearly-viscometric flows, and long-range memory effects in complex flows. The remainder of the book is devoted to numerical analysis of non-Newtonian fluids using finite difference and finite element techniques. This monograph will be of interest to students and practitioners of physics and mathematics.

  • Optimal Expansion of a water Resources system

    • 1 Edición
    • D.T. O'Laoghaire
    • Inglés
    Optimal Expansion of a Water Resources System describes a methodology that can be used in water resources planning taking into account both water quantity and quality while still remaining computationally tractable. It is concerned with the optimal expansion of a realistic water resources system to meet an increasing demand for municipal and industrial use, irrigation, energy, and recreation over a planning horizon of Tmax years. This book comprises six chapters, with an introductory chapter that discusses such topics as development of water resources, the systems approach to solving water resources problems, and techniques for the optimization of a water resources system. The following chapters then discuss formulating the problem of the optimal expansion of an existing water resources system; a procedure for solving the optimal expansion problem; and application of the optimization algorithm to a water resources system. The remaining chapters discuss the sensitivity of planning decisions in river basin management; and how to incorporate water quality and pollution considerations into the model of the water resources system. This book will be of interest to practitioners in the fields of systems philosophy and water quantity studies.

  • Three-Dimensional Problems of Elasticity and Thermoelasticity

    • 1 Edición
    • Volumen 25
    • V.D. Kupradze
    • Inglés
    North-Holland Series in Applied Mathematics and Mechanics, Volume 25: Three-Dimensional Problems of the Mathematical Theory of Elasticity and Thermoelasticity focuses on the theory of three-dimensional problems, including oscillation theory, boundary value problems, and integral equations. The publication first tackles basic concepts and axiomatization and basic singular solutions. Discussions focus on fundamental solutions of thermoelasticity, fundamental solutions of the couple-stress theory, strain energy and Hooke’s law in the couple-stress theory, and basic equations in terms of stress components. The manuscript then examines uniqueness theorems and singular integrals and integral equations. The book ponders on the potential theory and boundary value problems of elastic equilibrium and steady elastic oscillations. Topics include basic theorems of the oscillation theory, existence of solutions of boundary value problems, integral equations of the boundary value problems, and boundary properties of potential-type integrals. The publication also reviews mixed dynamic problems, couple-stress elasticity, and boundary value problems for media bounded by several surfaces. The text is a dependable source of data for mathematicians and readers interested in three-dimensional problems of the mathematical theory of elasticity and thermoelasticity.

  • Powder Metallurgy Processing

    The Techniques and Analyses
    • 1 Edición
    • Howard Kuhn
    • Inglés
    Powder Metallurgy Processing: New Techniques and Analyses covers the application of advanced analytical techniques in metallurgy, mechanics, and economics to the fundamentals of powder fabrication processes. The book discusses powder production by gas and water atomization of liquid metals; the triaxial stress state compaction of powders; and the diffusional homogenization of compacted blends of powders. The text also describes the deformation processing of sintered powder materials; the analysis of mechanical property-structure relations in powder forgings; and the economic risk analysis of a miniplant for production of steel strip from powder. Chemical engineers and metallurgists and students taking related courses will find the book invaluable.

  • Rapidly Quenched Metals

    • 1 Edición
    • S Steeb
    • Inglés
    Rapidly Quenched Metals, Volume I covers the proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Rapidly Quenched Metals, held in Wurzburg, Germany on September 3-7, 1984. The book focuses on amorphous and crystalline metals formed by rapid quenching from the melt. The selection first covers the scope and trends of developments in rapid solidification technology, rapid solidification, and undercooling of liquid metals by rapid quenching. Discussions focus on experimental method, powders, strip, particulate production, consolidation, and alloys and alloy systems. The text then examines the solidification of undercooled liquid alloys entrapped in solid; crystallization kinetics in undercooled droplets; and grain refinement in bulk undercooled alloys. The manuscript tackles the undercooling of niobium-germanium alloys in a 100 meter drop tube; influence of process parameters on the cooling rate of the meltspinning process; and the mechanism of ribbon formation in melt-spun copper and copper-zirconium. The formation and structure of thick sections of rapidly-solidified material by incremental deposition and production of ultrafine dispersions of rare earth oxides in Ti alloys using rapid solidification are also mentioned. The selection is a valuable reference for physicists, chemists, physical metallurgists, and engineers.

  • Phase Diagrams 6-II

    Materials Science and Technology
    • 1 Edición
    • Allen Alper
    • Inglés
    Phase Diagrams: Materials Science and Technology, Volume II covers the use of phase diagrams in metals, refractories, ceramics, and cements. Divided into 10 chapters, this volume first describes the main features of phase diagrams representing systems in which the oxygen pressure is an important parameter, starting with binary systems and proceeding toward the more complicated ternary and quaternary systems. The subsequent chapters discuss the application of phase diagrams in several refractory systems. A chapter covers the procedures used for cement production and some of the available phase-equilibrium data and their application to specific situations. This volume also deals with the application of phase diagrams to extraction metallurgy, with an emphasis on oxide systems, as well as in ceramic and metal sintering. The concluding chapters explore the relationship of heat treatment of metals and alloys to their phase diagrams. These chapters also deal with the use of phase diagrams in several techniques of joining metals, such as fusion welding, brazing, solid-state bonding, and soldering. This volume will be useful to all scientists, engineers, and materials science students who are investigating and developing materials, as well as to the end users of the materials.

  • Advanced Materials '93

    Ceramics, Powders, Corrosion and Advanced Processing
    • 1 Edición
    • Shigeyuki Somiya
    • Inglés
    Ceramics, Powders, Corrosion and Advanced Processing covers the proceedings of the Third International Union of Materials Research Societies (IUMRS) International Conference on Advanced Materials (ICAM), held in Sunshine City, Ikebukuro, Tokyo, Japan from August 31 to September 4, 1993. The said conference discusses the procedures for advanced materials. The book is divided into four parts. Part 1 includes topics such as preparation of powders from different compounds and substances and the application of different methods and techniques. Part 2 talks about high temperature oxidations and corrosions; degradation resistance of thermal barrier coatings; the environmental effects on corrosion behavior of stainless steel; effect of gas composition and pressure on high temperature corrosion; and other related concepts. Part 3 includes topics such as fatigue-crack behavior; the factors that lead to it; fracture resistance and how it is increased; and the application of ceramics to heat-resistant engines and turbines. Part 4 covers the advanced processing of ceramics, and Part 5 deals with the fabrication of silicon-based ceramics. The text is highly recommended for chemists and engineers in the field of ceramics who would like to know more about the advances in its studies and research.

  • Critical Materials Problems In Energy Production

    • 1 Edición
    • Charles Stein
    • Inglés
    Critical Materials Problems in Energy Production discusses the most challenging of the materials problems in the areas of production, distribution, and energy storage. This book is a result of the Distinguished Lecture Series on “Critical Materials Problems in Energy Production” sponsored by the Joint Center for Materials Science in New Mexico. This text is organized into eight sections encompassing 29 chapters that cover topics on nuclear power, materials for high-temperature applications, solar energy, direct solar conversion, coal and other fossil fuels, superconducting materials, and energy storage devices. After a brief introduction to overall perspective of the energy program, the book goes on discussing the problems encountered in nuclear power generation, including the complication of their interdependence, the severity of the service parameters, and the need for safety and reliability. Section II examines the progress made in the development of high-temperature materials suitable for use in magnetohydrodynamic converts and advanced turbines and jet engines. The subsequent two sections address the thermal/optical requirements for solar utilization devices and the limitations encountered in solar cell materials. Section V deals with the metallurgical problems emanating from the materials used for confinement and the flow of energy in steam generating systems. This section also describes the close dependence of catalytic performance on technological innovations in the field of materials science. Section VI discusses the basics of superconductivity phenomena. Section VII deals with the materials problems related to the development of more efficient batteries. Discussions on new electrode materials, solid electrolytes, and high-temperature battery systems are included in this section. The concluding section provides supplemental texts containing references and readings.

  • Reflective Optics

    • 1 Edición
    • Dietrich Korsch
    • Inglés
    This is the first book dedicated exclusively to all-reflective imaging systems. It is a teaching tool as well as a practical design tool for anyone who specializes in optics, particularly for those interested in telescopes, infrared, and grazing-incidence systems. The first part of the book describes a unified geometric optical theory of all-reflective imaging systems (from near-normal to grazing incidence) developed from basic principles. The second part discusses correction methods and a multitude of closed-form solutions of well-corrected systems, supplemented with many conventional and unconventional designs examples. This book will be useful to anyone interested in the theory of optical image formation and in the actual design of image-forming instruments.

  • Input Devices

    • 1 Edición
    • Sol Sherr
    • Inglés
    Input Devices, Volume 1, Computer Graphics: Technology and Applications focuses on the technologies used in equipment and systems for computer graphics and discusses the applications for which computer graphics is intended. This book explores the combinations of software and hardware that make up the operating systems. Comprised of seven chapters, this volume starts with an overview of the popular examples of input devices that are used in computer graphics systems, including typewriter keyboard, the mouse and voice input, data input panels, digitzers, and touch input panels. This book then proceeds with a discussion of the general requirements for input devices. Other chapters consider the various panel input devices that are popular means of allowing the user to interface with the computer graphics system. The final chapter deals with voice input systems, which is a technique that has not fully achieved its potential. This book is a valuable resource for designers and users of computer graphics equipment and systems.

  • Systematic Materials Analysis

    • 1 Edición
    • J.H. Richardson
    • Inglés
    Systematic Materials Analysis, Volume IV presents refined instrumental methods available for materials analysis, which involves the complete characterization of a material, including structural and textural analyses in addition to chemical analysis. This volume is composed of 11 chapters. Each chapter on specific instruments outlines the theories of operation and describes their capability for qualitative and quantitative measurements of chemical composition, structure, and texture. The sensitivity and selectivity of each method are emphasized. The specific techniques and instruments covered in this book include the atomic-absorption and atomic-fluorescence flame photometry, ion microprobe, mass spectrometry, neutron diffractometry, polarimetry, polarography, dynamic thermal analysis, and transmission electron microscopy. This book is intended primarily to materials analysts, engineers, researchers, and undergraduate and graduate level students.

  • Rarefied Gas Dynamics

    • 1 Edición
    • K Karamcheti
    • Inglés
    Rarefied Gas Dynamics is a collection of selected papers presented at the Eighth International Symposium on Rarefied Gas Dynamics, held at Stanford University in July 1972. The book is a record of the significant advances in the broad field of Rarefied Gas Dynamics that are considered to be of general and continuing interest. The articles in this compendium are organized under 10 main topics. The text presents research papers on the kinetic theory of gases; studies and experiments on shock structures of gases; use of kinetic theory for the solution of problems in evaporation and condensation; gas expansions and jets; and techniques and methods applied to the study of rarefied gas dynamics. The book also includes works on gas-solid interactions; descriptions of basic notions of current polyatomic gas kinetics; and observation of the gas dynamic phenomena in space. Physicists, aeronautical engineers, mechanical engineers, researchers, and students in the field of aircraft design will find this book a good source of knowledge and information.

  • Flow Visualization

    • 1 Edición
    • Wolfgang Merzkirch
    • Inglés
    Flow Visualization describes the most widely used methods for visualizing flows. Flow visualization evaluates certain properties of a flow field directly accessible to visual perception. Organized into five chapters, this book first presents the methods that create a visible flow pattern that could be investigated by visual inspection, such as simple dye and density-sensitive visualization methods. It then deals with the application of electron beams and streaming birefringence. Optical methods for compressible flows, hydraulic analogy, and high-speed photography are discussed in other chapters. With appropriate flow pictures, this book tries to distinguish the various methods and the range of their applicability by outlining the physical principles on which each method is based.

  • Information Linkage between Applied Mathematics and Industry

    • 1 Edición
    • Peter Wang
    • Inglés
    Information Linkage Between Applied Mathematics and Industry is a collection of papers dealing with mathematics in engineering context and applications. One paper describes Chernoff faces as a technique of representing multidimensional data and compares the technique with Andrews' sine curves and Anderson's metroglyphys. Another paper investigates practical problems that can arise during implementation of the methods of parameter optimization, using as an example the trajectory of the space shuttle from liftoff to insertion into orbit. One paper analyzes Soviet foreign policy using a graphical representation of k-dimensional data as a statistical tool, written specifically for analysts in foreign policy and international relations. During the period 1964-1975, Soviet foreign policy is active in 25 Sub-Saharan African countries. Another paper discusses ballistics modeling in real time and recommends that investigators be familiar with the computer language to be used, the type of system to be applied, the type of weapon to be modeled, the accuracy required, and other existing ballistic programs. Other papers discuss probabilistic dynamic programming for fault isolation and applied mathematics, as well as engineering in the transport of Antarctic ice resources. The collection can prove valuable to mathematicians, engineers, or designers of industrial processes, computers, aviation, and space technology.

  • Particle Size Analysis in Industrial Hygiene

    • 1 Edición
    • Leslie Silverman
    • Inglés
    Particle Size Analysis in Industrial Hygiene discusses technical information on particle properties, kinetic behavior, sampling instruments, and interpretation. This book is composed of seven chapters and is prepared by the American Industrial Hygiene Association for the Division of Technical Information, United States Atomic Energy Commission. This monograph is a part of the continuing effort of both organizations to extend the field of technical knowledge and safeguard the health and well-being of persons exposed to toxic or deleterious material. After briefly discussing the fundamental physics and chemistry of aerosol systems, the book goes on describing the analytical methods and instruments for particle size analysis. Such methods include direct and indirect sampling methods as well as automatic counting and sizing instruments. Specific methods considered include sieve analysis, optical and electron microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. A chapter on particle size interpretation and representation with the use of applied mathematical statistics concepts is also provided. This book also covers a general discussion on typical applications of particle size analysis to industrial hygiene, radiation protection, air pollution control, industrial toxicology, and related areas. This book is an invaluable source for industrial hygienists and to those working in the many disciplines dealing with particle behavior.

  • Quantitative Methods

    • 1 Edición
    • Lan Lerche
    • Inglés
    Basin Analysis: Quantitative Methods, Volume 1 discusses the problems of quantitative basin analysis in relation to oil accumulations. This book explains the three primary factors that contribute to oil occurrences. Organized into 11 chapters, this volume starts with an overview of the quantitative methods of reconstructing the burial history of sedimentary material in basins. This text then explores the problem of quantitative reconstruction of the thermal history of sedimentary basins based on both inversion of thermal indicator data and on model-derived heat fluxes. Other chapters integrate the hydrocarbon generation, accumulation, and migration modeling aspects with the burial history and thermal history. This book discusses as well the repercussions of various hydrocarbon models for oil accumulation sites. The final chapter shows how both thermal information and burial history can be combined to determine emplacement, timing, and erosion of geological events. Professional geologists, geophysicists, and petroleum exploration scientist will find this book useful.

  • Feedback Systems: Input-output Properties

    • 1 Edición
    • C.A. Desoer
    • Inglés
    Feedback Systems: Input-output Properties deals with the basic input-output properties of feedback systems. Emphasis is placed on multiinput-multioutp... feedback systems made of distributed subsystems, particularly continuous-time systems. Topics range from memoryless nonlinearities to linear systems, the small gain theorem, and passivity. Norms and general theorems are also considered. This book is comprised of six chapters and begins with an overview of a few simple facts about feedback systems and simple examples of nonlinear systems that illustrate the important distinction between the questions of existence, uniqueness, continuous dependence, and boundedness with respect to bounded input and output. The next chapter describes a number of useful properties of norms and induced norms and of normed spaces. Several theorems are then presented, along with the main results concerning linear systems. These results are used to illustrate the applications of the small gain theorem to different classes of systems. The final chapter outlines the framework necessary to discuss passivity and demonstrate the applications of the passivity theorem. This monograph will be a useful resource for mathematically inclined engineers interested in feedback systems, as well as undergraduate engineering students.

  • Handbook of Fatigue Crack Propagation in Metallic Structures

    • 1 Edición
    • A. Carpinteri
    • Inglés
    The purpose of this Handbook is to provide a review of the knowledge and experiences in the field of fatigue fracture mechanics. It is well-known that engineering structures can fail due to cyclic loading. For instance, a cyclically time-varying loading reduces the structure strength and can provoke a fatigue failure consisting of three stages: (a) crack initiation (b) crack propagation and (c) catastrophic failure. Since last century many scientists have tried to understand the reasons for the above-mentioned failures and how to prevent them. This Handbook contains valuable contributions from leading experts within the international scientific community and covers many of the important problems associated with the fatigue phenomena in civil, mechanical and nuclear engineering.

  • Logic Design for Array-Based Circuits

    A Structured Design Methodology
    • 1 Edición
    • D. E. White
    • Inglés
    This book will show you how to approach the design covering everything from the circuit specification to the final design acceptance, including what support you can expect, sizing, timing analysis, power and packaging, various simulations, design verification, and design submission.

  • A Guide to Analog ASICs

    • 1 Edición
    • Paul M. Jr. Brown
    • Inglés
    A Guide to Analog ASICs is a working reference for the engineer who regularly uses analog custom technology or plans to use it in a product. The book includes a detailed analysis of analog and digital application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), the vendor selection process, cost trade-offs, and design-options (in-house, design center, use of vendor design resources). After introducing the development of analog ASICs, ASIC vendors, development cycles, and cost considerations, the text reviews basic global semiconductor technology, IC fabrication techniques, and the limitations of linear IC design. The components found inside the chip are integrated resistors, capacitors, transistors, diodes, and metal connections. The text explains building block circuits, how these are used to construct complex circuitry, and how the Simulation Program with Integrated Circuit Emphasis (SPICE) can check for circuit performance. The selection of the chip's package is important and depends on several factors, such as thermal size, physical size, PC board technology, number of pins, die size. When tested, a typical product should have a failure rate that follows a curve composed of a failure rate (X-axis) versus time (Y-axis). The book also provides suggestions on vendor selections including vendor identification, site visitation, and price negotiations. The book is suitable for computer engineers, designers of industrial processes, and researchers involved in electrical, computer, or other devices using integrated circuits.

  • The Gunn-Hilsum Effect

    • 1 Edición
    • Melvin Shaw
    • Inglés
    The Gunn-Hilsum Effect covers the physical principles controlling the operation of transferred electron devices. These devices have been proven quite useful in the generation, amplification, and processing of microwave signals well into tens of gigahertz range. Organized into seven chapters, the book focuses on the analytical and numerical approaches of the two vital aspects of device behavior for a given bulk semiconductor: boundary conditions or contacts and the local circuit environment. The opening chapter of this book discusses the negative differential mobility (NDM) characteristics for a range of electric fields in the velocity-field relation of specific semiconductors and the response of such a sample to a charge fluctuation, leading to the growth of stationary and/or traveling high electric field domains. The next two chapters describe how the boundary conditions and the circuit control the manifestation of current instabilities in such systems and how this control can be understood in a simple manner. Chapters 4 and 5 discuss the numerical and experimental investigations of comparatively long bulk samples, with an emphasis on the essential NDM semiconductor n-GaAs. These chapters also examine the production of different current-voltage relationships and instabilities by cathode contacts and the control of the oscillatory characteristics of an electrically unstable sample by different circuit conditions. Chapter 6 presents both time-independent and time-dependent computations, with the latter focusing on the small-signal impedance and stability aspects. The last chapter of this book addresses the construction and evaluation of typical short devices, describes how their oscillatory characteristics compare with the long samples studied in the first six chapters, and discusses the use of short devices as amplifiers. This book is an ideal source for device engineers and designers wishing to apply transferred electron devices in creative ways.

  • Detonation and Two-Phase Flow

    • 1 Edición
    • S Penner
    • Inglés
    Progress in Astronautics and Rocketry, Volume 6: Detonation and Two-Phase Flow compiles technical papers presented at the ARS Propellants, Combustion, and Liquid Rockets Conference held in Palm Beach, Florida on April 26-28, 1961. This book provides an excellent illustration of research and development on a selected group of problems relating to detonations, two-phase nozzle flow, and combustion in liquid fuel rocket engines. This volume is divided into two parts. Part 1 covers the entire range of physical conditions under which detonation may be initiated or sustained, such as high explosives, solid propellants, liquid sprays, and gases. Experimental and theoretical studies are also discussed, including the significant progress of the basic phenomena involved in transition from deflagration to detonation, and nature of stable detonations in dilute sprays and other systems. The perennial problems associated with high frequency instabilities in liquid fuel rocket engines are considered in Part 2. This publication is valuable to students and investigators working in the field of propulsion research and development.

  • Logic IC Master Reference

    • 1 Edición
    • David Heiserman
    • Inglés
    Logic IC Master Reference summarizes the identification codes, functions, pinouts, and package styles for a broad range of digital IC devices. The main body of this book is divided into three sections: Section I - 54/7400 TTL and CMOS devices; Section II - 4000-series CMOS devices; Section III - ECL devices. The selections regarding functions are generally limited to small- and medium-scale devices, logic functions, buffers, decoders, multiplexers, counters, and shift registers. A few large-scale digital devices and devices provided by two or more major IC manufacturers are included. The two indexes are organized by device identification code and by device function. This reference text will prove useful to digital design engineers and technicians.

  • Technology of Lunar Exploration

    • 1 Edición
    • Clifford Cumming
    • Inglés
    Progress in Astronautics and Rocketry, Volume 10: Technology of Lunar Exploration is an overview of the technical base of the lunar exploration problem. This volume is organized into six sections encompassing 35 that follow the various stages of accomplishment of a lunar mission, involving landing on or orbiting the moon and returning to the earth. The first section is devoted to the problem of trying to define the lunar environment, emphasizing the theories of the lunar environment as it relates to the internal structure of the moon. This section also describes some activities to achieve a reasonable theory concerning what might be encountered in some of the previous lunar flight programs. The second section explores the problems associated with the limitations imposed upon lunar missions by the launch vehicles and launching facilities. The third section looks at the spacecraft systems and techniques required for lunar missions, particularly the technology and specific subsystems in relation to the requirements imposed by specific lunar mission objectives. The fourth section deals with the actual landing on the moon and the subsequent surface operations, while the fifth section covers the lunar launch, return, flight re-entry, and subsequent landing on earth. The sixth section reports the status of the projects that represent the United States lunar exploration program, which integrates the technologies developed in the preceding sections into certain discrete projects.

  • Mechanics of Flow-Induced Sound and Vibration V1

    General Concepts and Elementary Sources
    • 1 Edición
    • William K. Blake
    • Inglés
    Mechanics of Flow-Induced Sound and Vibration: Volume 1 discusses a broad selection of flow sources that are widely encountered in many applications of subsonic flow engineering and provides combined physical and mathematical analyses of each of these sources. It classifies each of the leading sources of vibration and sound induced by various types of fluid motion and unifies the disciplines essential to describing each source. The book considers sources such as jet noise, flow-induced tones and self-excited vibration, dipole sound from rigid and flexible acoustically compact surfaces, random vibration of flow-excited plates and cylindrical shells, cavitation noise, acoustic transmission characteristics and sound radiation from bubbly liquids, splash noise, throttling and ventilation system noises, lifting surface flow noise and vibration, and tonal and broadband sounds from rotating machinery. It also integrates the fundamentals of the subject with the many practicalities of the design of quiet vibration-free machinery. This book caters to advanced students well-versed in applied mathematics, fluid mechanics, and vibrations, strength of materials, acoustics, and statistical methods.

  • Sound and Structural Vibration

    Radiation, Transmission and Response
    • 1 Edición
    • Frank J. Fahy
    • Inglés
    This book presents a unified qualitative and quantitative account of the physical mechanisms and characteristics of linear interaction between audio-frequency vibrational motion in compressible fluids and structures with which they are in contact. The primary purpose is to instruct the reader in theoretical approaches to the modelling and analysis of interactions, whilst simultaneously providing physical explanations of their dependence upon the parameters of the coupled systems. It is primarily to the engineering student that the book is addressed, in the firm belief that a good engineer remains a student throughout his professional life. A preoccupation with the relevance and validity of theoretical analyses in relation to practical problems is a hallmark of results obtained from theoretical analysis of idealized models and the behaviour of the less than ideal realities from which they are abstracted.

  • Advances in Fracture Research

    • 1 Edición
    • B.L. Karihaloo + 3 más
    • Inglés
    Fracture is a major cause of failure in metallic and non-metallic materials and structures. An understanding of the micro- and macro- mechanisms of fracture enables materials scientists to develop materials with high fracture resistance, which in turn helps engineers and designers to ensure the soundness and integrity of structures made from these materials.The International Congress on Fracture is held every four years and is an occasion to take stock of the major achievements in the broad field of fracture, to honour those who have made lasting contributions to this field, and to reflect on the future directions.ICF9 is published in six volumes covering the areas of:-- Failure Analysis, Remaining Life Assessment, Life Extension and Repair- Failure of Multiphase and Non-Metallic Materials- Fatigue of Metallic and Non-Metallic Materials and Structures- Theoretical and Computational Fracture Mechanics and New Directions- Testing and Characterization Methods, and Interfacial Fracture Mechanics- High Strain Rate Fracture and Impact Mechanics.

  • Introduction to Wastewater Treatment Processes

    • 1 Edición
    • R Ramalho
    • Inglés
    Introduction to Wastewater Treatment Processes considers various types of wastewater problems and the selection of proper mode of treatment, as well as the design of the equipment required. This book is divided into eight chapters and begins with a summary of the theory involved in the specific process, such as chemical kinetics and material and energy balances. The next chapter deals with the physical and chemical principles of wastewater treatment processes. These topics are followed by discussions of the important design parameters involved in the process and the determination of such parameters using laboratory-scale or pilot-plant equipment. Other chapters explore the development of a systematic design procedure for the treatment plant. The final chapters look into the mathematical modeling of biological treatment processes. This book will prove useful to practicing engineers and students.

  • Power Systems for Space Flight

    • 1 Edición
    • Morris Zipkin
    • Inglés
    Progress in Astronautics and Aeronautics, Volume 11: Power Systems for Space Flight covers certain major technical areas of space electric power. This book is organized into four parts encompassing 43 chapters that specifically tackle the selection of power systems; chemical power systems; solar power systems; heat transfer, storage, and rejection. The opening part examines the basic criteria governing the selection of space power systems for specific applications. These systems range from the very limited power requirements of a ballistic space test through the potential goals of life support in lunar exploration to the long-rage goal of electric power systems for vehicle propulsion. The second part presents the dynamics of chemical power systems, in which in which a high-temperature working fluid is employed, and static systems, such as the battery and fuel cell, in which reversible electrochemical processes are involved. The third part discusses the operative systems using photovoltaic cells and explores technological developments leading to advanced thermoelectric and thermionic static conversion systems and the larger conversion systems employing rotating machinery. This part also provides a series of papers on solar concentrators, requisite for obtaining the required high temperatures, as well as thermionic and dynamic solar power systems. The final part on heat transfer, storage, and rejection covers the space power system from energy source to waste-heat rejecting radiators. Several papers in this part describe the characteristics of alkali metal heat transfer and radiator surface conditioning. Finally, a series of papers on meteoroid penetration leads to discussions of specific radiator designs.

  • Introduction to Continuum Mechanics

    • 3 Edición
    • David Rubin + 2 más
    • Inglés
    Continuum mechanics studies the response of materials to different loading conditions. The concept of tensors is introduced through the idea of linear transformation in a self-contained chapter, and the interrelation of direct notation, indicial notation and matrix operations is clearly presented. A wide range of idealized materials are considered through simple static and dynamic problems, and the book contains an abundance of illustrative examples and problems, many with solutions.Through the addition of more advanced material (solution of classical elasticity problems, constitutive equations for viscoelastic fluids, and finite deformation theory), this popular introduction to modern continuum mechanics has been fully revised to serve a dual purpose: for introductory courses in undergraduate engineering curricula, and for beginning graduate courses.

  • Reasoning About Actions & Plans

    • 1 Edición
    • Michael P. Georgeff
    • Inglés
    Reasoning About Actions and Plans discusses approaches to a number of the more challenging problems in reasoning about the future and forming plans of action to achieve their goals. Reasoning about actions and plans can be seen as fundamental to the development of intelligent machines that are capable of dealing effectively with real-world problems. This book comprises 17 chapters, with the first delving into the semantics of STRIPS. The following chapters then discuss a theory of plans; formulating multiagent, dynamic-world problems in the classical planning framework; and a representation of parallel activity based on events, structure, and causality. Other chapters cover branching regular expressions and multi-agent plans; a representation of action and belief for automatic planning systems; possible worlds planning; and intractability and time-dependent planning. The remaining chapters discuss goal structure, holding periods and "clouds"; a model of plan inference that distinguishes between the beliefs of actors and observers; persistence, intention, and commitment; the context-sensitivity of belief and desire; the doxastic theory of intention; an architecture for intelligent reactive systems; and abstract reasoning as emergent from concrete activity. This book will be of interest to practitioners in the fields of cognition and artificial intelligence.

  • Metapopulation Dynamics: Empirical and Theoretical Investigations

    • 1 Edición
    • Michael Gilpin
    • Inglés
    Metapopulation Dynamics: Empirical and Theoretical Investigations covers the 1989 proceedings of a metapopulation dynamics workshop held at Lammi Biological Station, Helsinki, Finland. It is divided into 18 chapters that cover various approaches to spatially structured population and community dynamics. After briefly discussing the history of metapopulation ideas and the major conceptual links, the book covers types of studies that have been conducted on single-species and multispecies metapopulations. Then, it examines the relationships between metapopulation dynamics, the equilibrium theory of island biogeography, and the dynamics of populations living in patchy environments. It further tackles practical issues and the links between metapopulation dynamics and landscape ecology, and between metapopulation dynamics and conservation biology. Chapters 4 and 5 present structured models describing changes in the number of individuals within patches and an empirical evaluation of local extinction in metapopulation studies. The subsequent chapters discuss several aspects of metapopulation, including dispersal and connectivity, colonization, conspecific attraction, extinction and isolation, and forest fragmentation. The latter chapters describe the concept of habitat fragmentation, the diversity and competition in metapopulations, the community collapse, and the effects of metapopulation studies in predator-prey systems.

  • Random Fatigue

    From Data to Theory
    • 1 Edición
    • K. Sobczyk + 1 más
    • Inglés
    For many years fatigue has been a significant and difficult problem for engineers, especially for those who design structures such as aircraft, bridges, pressure vessels, and cranes. Fatigue of engineering materials is commonly regarded as an important deterioration process and a principal mode of failure for various structural and mechanical systems. This book presents a unified approach to stochastic modeling of the fatigue phenomenon, particularly the fatigue crack growth process. The main approaches to construction of these stochastic models are presented to show their methodological consistency and potential usefulness in engineering practice. The analyses contained in this work should also inspire the development of new approaches for designing and performing fatigue experiments.

  • Heterostructure Lasers Part A

    • 1 Edición
    • H.C. Jr. Casey
    • Inglés
    Heterostructure Lasers, Part A: Fundamental Principles deals with the fundamental principles, preparation, and operating characteristics of heterostructure lasers. Each major topic is introduced along with the basic laws that govern the observed phenomena. The expressions relevant to heterostructure lasers are derived from the basic laws, and realistic numerical examples based on the GaAs-AlxGa1-xAs heterostructure are given. This book is comprised of four chapters and begins with a discussion on some of the early studies of injection lasers and an overview of the fundamental concepts of heterostructure lasers. Stimulated emission and room temperature continuous-wave operation with injection lasers are described, together with the fundamentals of waveguiding, gain, and carrier confinement in heterostructures. Optical fields and wave propagation are considered, along with slab-electric waveguides; the relationships between absorption, stimulated emission, and spontaneous emission; optical absorption and emission rates in semiconductors; and electrical properties of heterojunctions. This monograph will be of interest to physicists.

  • Fundamentals Of Solar Cells

    Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conversion
    • 1 Edición
    • Alan Fahrenbruch + 1 más
    • Inglés
    Fundamentals of Solar Cells: Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conversion provides an introduction to the fundamental physical principles of solar cells. It aims to promote the expansion of solar photovoltaics from relatively small and specialized use to a large-scale contribution to energy supply. The book begins with a review of basic concepts such as the source of energy, the role of photovoltaic conversion, the development of photovoltaic cells, and sequence of phenomena involved in solar power generation. This is followed by separate chapters on each of the processes that take place in solar cell. These include solar input; properties of semiconductors; recombination and the flow of photogenerated carriers; charge separation and the characteristics of junction barriers; and calculation of solar efficiency. Subsequent chapters deal with the operation of specific solar cell devices such as a single-crystal homojunction (Si); a single-crystal-heter... (AlGaAs/GaAs); and a polycrystalline, thin-film cell (CuxS/CdS). This book is intended for upper-level graduate students who have a reasonably good understanding of solid state physics and for scientists and engineers involved in research and development of solar cells.

  • Control and Dynamic Systems V46: Manufacturing and Automation Systems: Techniques and Technologies

    Advances in Theory and Applications
    • 1 Edición
    • C.T. Leonides
    • Inglés
    Control and Dynamic Systems: Advances in Theory and Applications, Volume 46: Manufacturing and Automation Systems: Techniques and Technologies, Part 2 of 5 covers the significant advances and issues on the utilization of techniques and technologies in the manufacturing industries. This volume is divided into nine chapters and starts with the essential issue of software in manufacturing systems, particularly the aspects of the control software that are active in the time-critical or real time portions of the machine's operation. The succeeding chapters deal with the interactions between material-handling systems and other components of manufacturing systems; the principles of flexible manufacturing systems; the various views on the contributions of mechatronics; and the techniques for machine layout optimization in manufacturing and automation systems. These topics are followed by discussions of the application of a real-time control system to address issues of safety, productivity advances, and production cost reductions. Other chapters consider the influence of human supervisory control of predominantly automated manufacturing processes and the techniques for the manufacturing systems integration. The final chapter examines the major importance of the assembly line balancing to manufacturing systems. This book is of great value to process and mechanical engineers, as well as process control workers and researchers.

  • Windship Technology

    Proceedings of the International Symposium on Windship Technology (WINDTECH ' 85), Southampton, U.K., April 24-25, 1985
    • 1 Edición
    • C Satchwell
    • Inglés
    Windship Technology, Part A contains the proceedings of the International Symposium on Windship Technology (WINDTECH '85), held at the University of Southampton, England, on April 24-25, 1985. The symposium provided a forum for discussing developments in windship technology, including the use of calculation methods to analyze wind propulsion on cargo ships and weather routing for wind-assisted ships. Measurements of the comparative performance of sailing rigs are also presented. Comprised of 17 chapters, this volume begins by tracing the revival of serious interest in the possible use of the wind in ship propulsion over the past decade, and giving examples of the wide range of rigs that have been developed and are now installed on ships. The reader is then introduced to Project INDOSAIL intended to develop cargo sailing vessels for the Indonesian inter-island trade. Subsequent chapters focus on sail-assist developments from 1979 to 1984; economic aspects of the application of additional sail power on small German fishing vessels; sail retrofit on inter-island vessels in Fiji; and the aerodynamics of a triangular jib-and-boom combination. The book concludes with an evaluation of two-dimensional sail shape determined by pressure and its tension. This book will appeal to government officials, academics, ship owners, and other parties with an interest in windship technology.

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